Franklin Repository, Volume 3, Number 1, Brookville, Franklin County, 4 December 1827 — Page 1

MAXKbLY KEPOSlTOlir. swollen evert TUESDAY, bt

r l v w !1L13UKR " THE L.AW3 Of TltE UNITED STATES. I .STELUGENCK IS THE LUR OF LIBERTV. tirSAli; DECEMBER 4, 1327. Volume 111." TfiRMS OK THE REPOSITORY. J" Ai'tori for fifty-two numbers, if paid in advance-fa (kUar and fifty cent, if paid within the xeu. f ir dollnn will be th price if payment be delayed until the year expire. feent tf private post, an additional charge of ifty cenH will be made. Ijnuper will be tlisamtinueJ until atlarrearapt are paid, (this part of the terms will be ,tnttlv adhered to.) I failure to notify a discontinuance at the end cfthe term subscibed for, will in all cases be cntwiaered new enirisre'neru. Most kinds of producs will he taken in payment of subscription, if delivered within the 'terms of advertising. I SO.VICTI or less, wdl be inserted three tines far i ttoitk 25 ce.us for every tubse ruent insertion; longer ones in proportion. tofhe cash nvx-t accomrwny all advertise ment5, or they will be oiiu.iciei at the experts? of the aiverii-ieru'.itil pl. GEN. HARRISON'S SPEECH. The following speech was delivered by Gen. Harrison at a meeting of the friends of the Administration, held id this city in September last. It embraces topics of great interest and is worthy of a careful and attentive Jcrusal. The speech was furr.Uhed ar publication at the request of the gentlemen whoaltenJed the melieg. EU Cm. Gaz. Mr. Chairman Feeling the drppest interest in the -suhject to which ths resolution now under consideration refers, I trust I shall be excused for troubling this respectable meeting with a few remarks. A farmer, having my whole property veted in agricultural pursuits, and relyiiij u,on them and them alone for the ?'ipp rt of a large family, my attention has for a long time been directcJ to the mean3 of relieving my brethren of that class of citizens and myeelf, from the distressing difficulties and emVarrasmenls under which we sutler. Tne result of my deliberations is a perfect conviction that we have no other hope than from the adoption of the policy recommended by the resolution. IT any doubts exist of the reality of the luiferings of which we complain, an hundred facts can be adduced to show their existence. It is equally susceptible of proof that they are the result of do want of exertion unon our part, and till less to any providential dispensation. Our farmers are active, skillful, and economical. Our youth temperate, robust, and patient of labour. Tnese, acting upon a soil of unequalled fertility, and aided by a mild and genial climate, might well be supposed to possess all that the cultivator could re q iirew Such in fact are the first results of these qualities and these blessings. The western farmer gathers with joy ard gratitude to heaven a copious har-t-ii i'ltohis granaries of all the articles which compose the necessaries of life, and I acknowledge, if he could bound his desires to these, under such a govfrnrr.ent as ours he might be happy. Bjt h ibit, and the manners of the ae, have crea'.ed a thousand artificial wants to the e-.;jyment of wbich the farmer is as much entitled as his fellow citizens who f How other occupations. Money for those purposes, and for the education, of children, is necessary. Rut where is h?. t i procure it. The surplus produce of his farm will not command it. His barns are filled with grain, but lis co'Ter are empty. His ui.nost Impels cotninea to the support of his ajiily. provision for his sons a i l daughters entering into life, is entirely hopeless, h has not been always si. A few years ago every firmer 1:1 the country was enabled to lay upjsomething from his annual profits for the benefit of his children. You might see them Crowding to the public laud offices to procure for their son3 and sons-in-law the enviable situation of freeholders. This is no longer the case. Although the price of public lands has been so ouch reduced, there are few young men &o can procure the means of purchasng; a bare supfort is all th it the labor jjjti men can expect from his work. Those who Ubor on the farms are often obliged to tike a portion of the produce " payment, from the inability of the far fer to paythem money. It is within my wq knowle dge lhatminy young men re prevented from marrying from the fl'tficulty they apprehend in procuring jj means of supporting a family. It wse things arc true, and the majority those who hear me know thern to be Soi it not necessary that some remedy

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shonld bt applied to the oppressed agricultural interests of the country Cut before we seek for the remcdv, 1ft us correctlv understand the source of the disease of which we complain. There is, I think, no difficulty in this An examination of the annual report of the secretary of the Treasury, of the state of our commercial relations with other countries of the world, will at once explain the difficulty. By th: document, now lately published It appears that there was imported into the United States within the year ending on the 30 of September, from the European dominions of the King of Great Btitain, articles manufactured in those countries to the amount of upwards of twenty six millions of dollars. Of this enormous sum, the item of woollen goods alone furnishes upwards of seven nailions; t' at of cotton goods, principally printed, six millions; the various manufactures of iron and steel, one and a half millions; and those of earth (china and other wares,) one and a half millions. Now it is well known that of these articles, as well as those of lesser magnitude, which I have not mentioned, Ohio receives no inconsiderable propor tion, since our population is very larue and more or less of them is found 111 every house and almost about every man's person. Our next enquiry will be, flow these goods are paid for. As we h ive not manufactured aiticles to exchange f.r them, it must be either with money or Some of the productions of our Aa;icnlfure. Of the latter our priwipa! articles of exportation are Hour, ludiau com, and meal, sailed provisions and whiskey. These are our staple. The document to which I li-c alieady referred, shewed that of the three first articles; thre were exported to Gieat Britain, from the whole Ui.it-d Sfate, 'vi'hin tSie last year, less tht the value of eighty six thousand doilars; of the two next articles, R:cf, and. Pork, less than three hundred dollars; of whiskey not a gdion. It thus appears that Great Britain receives from those states whose productions consist of provisions, an amount of less than eighty-seven thousand dollars. When the consumption of her manufactures in those staled must amount to many millions. If this statement, is correct, and its accuracy cannot be questioned, is the depressed s'ate of the agricultural interests of those states to be wcnd r d at? Is i -urprising that tnor.ey should be scarce, when we yearly send such large 6um9 across the atlantic to purchase the manufactures cfa nation which takes none of our productions in return? But it may be asked, if the source of our difficulties is so obvious, why has not the Naiional Legislature, to whom the constitution has delegated the power, so regulated this commerce, as to prevent the evils of which we complain? The Journals of congress for the last eight or nine years will shew what effects have been made to have a course of policy adopted which would have the effect of transferring our work-shops from Europe to America. Great talents and much zeal have been manifested in this cause, but they have been

opposed by equal talents and by a dei gree of violence which scarce any oth. er occasion has elicited. In a country so extensive as ours, differing so materially m climate and soil, and of course in agricultural prod Jets, collision ai isin . from a real or supposed difference of interests, must be expected It unfortunately happens that in the project for eiirouragin our manutactures bv incrtasing t'u? duties upon those of foietgn countries, our brethren of the southern states see not only a violation of their righ's and an injury to their interests; lu( an alarming exercise of power, not delegated to Congress by the Constitution. Whilst we deny both tiese prop osi!ions,-we admit that the prp-ed incisure is not called for by any actual state of suffering similar to ours, upon the part of the southern states; nor by their immediate and seperate interests, unconnected Mthtuose of the nation at large. B- a recurrence to the document, which I have before quoted, it will be seen that there were exported to Great Britain, within the last year, of the three great staples of the southern states-, Cotton, Tobacco, and Rice to the amount of nearly ni-ieteen millis is of dollars, a sum which falls but seven millions short of the exports to that country of the whole union. The citizens of the southern states not only make payment in their own products to Great Britain, for the articles which they receive from her, but there is a large balance regaining. Tne three articles which I have mentioned cannot be raised in great Britain, and they can obtain them no where so well as from the southern states. The products of Ohio, the middle and ri rth-wesler slates, on the contrary, are nearly similar to those raised by the English farm er; they consist of wool, and all the articles which constitute the food of man. It cannot be expected that she will take from us articles which her owa soil abundautly supplies. We ha.e there

fore, no alternative bet tocrente a home ' market for our surplus piodace. This can only be effected by the encouragement of manufactures, that our coats may be made from our own wtol and t-te manufacturer who makes thtmUed with our own provisions. How absurd it is to send our moey across the atlantic, to bring from thence articles which can only reach us after a transportation by land or water of near'y four thousand miles, when the material of which it is composed, is found upon every farm. "What,"' as it has been well asked by an able advocate of our protection system, '"is the component part of a yard of woollen cloth? It consists of corn, gra, hay, and other food, which the pnimal who yields it eats, of the labor which produ. ces those articles, of that which runufactures it, and of the beef, pork, & flour w hich sustain the various desciiptior.s of persons who are employed (ogive it the shape wliich it last a-sumes.'' In every yard of cloth, then, which comes into the country, we import corn, gmss, hay, pork, beef and llour, when we have au immense amount of those articles, rotting upon our hand; ai,d we employ foreiguers to labor for u. at a hih prio when thousands t f young men in our own country are without cmlotn "M1" . It may be aske I, why is I-i-ia'ive interference, necessary l produce t .e chants which we dci' t ? Thcie is n prohibition to any one mnnutactu i .2 wh it l.C pleiscs, ai d every iliik p -dared in America, is ain 'v ou-t-.eu'd in a 1.1a.",." 1 l J' ' t:. .?'.' -. over that which is in?-n l'-.i ; W-.j ei ;n

: article too, ha to p s tli.outrh several I hiit is before it reaches u-, cm 1. of whom I must have a profit up'-n it. If the 1, j with ail these auva'ii ie, our maiiuf ; lories cannot enter 111'oa 'ir'ccssfa! co n ! petrii-m with those of foreign couotri?s, j it plainly shows that we are not in a situation to become a mucu yet u Tig nttion. To cx; Ink: f rejg-i go-jd? frnii our shores, b tiiga duties, is giving an exorbitant pieuii.tm to the manufacturer at the expei se of th consumer; or to use the hackneyed rtmaikot the day, it is taking money from one niaifcs poc'.et, h put it inlalh it of aimther. This reasoning is more sutcious than solid. I have only to be convinced that the proposed chansfe will create a monopoly i'i favor of the manufacturers, at the expense of the great body of ths community, at once to abandon the measure. But my reason, and the expeiience of other nation?, and Indeed of OUT OWO, convince me that the result w ill be very different. Indeed , I do not hesitate to say that 1 have no predilection for manufactures, and that I would give them no aid but that which will ultimately tend to the benefit of that great interest, which is the foundatiou upon which all the others rest. Our country is, and will I trust ever continue to be, essentially agricultural. If that interest flourish, the minor ones cannot languish. But is there any reasoning necessary to show, that if the seven million of wool, len goods-, which we now import from Great Britain were manufactured in our own country, from our own wool, and the hands employed in the manufacturing, fed with our own pork, flour, and whiskey, that the farming interest would be greatly promoted by it? Will not any boy tell you that if one third of the hands which are now en.pl yed in agriculture, were converted into manufacturer-, that the labours of th : twothirds which remain, wouid produce greater profit? Why ie it that a gra.tngrowJng and grazing farm in Ohio, is not as valuable ;s oue of eq lal or less fertility in Engl uid? It isS iid to arise from the interior situaiian of the former, from its distance from the ocean, making the exportation of such bulky articles as flour and poik difficult and expensive. I answer that Britain, begirt as sue is with the sea, imports none of these articles. She has wisely created for them a market at heme. In imitation of her example then, transfer a portion of the manufacturers of Glasgow and Leeds, Birmingham and Sheffield, to Ci icinnati and other towns of Ohio, and the farmers in the vicinity of the latter, will no longer w ant a amket for their products. Much has been said and written in favor of free and unrestricted commerce. An able British writer of the last century, endeavoured to convince his countrymen of the advantages which would flow from u. But he did not succeed. Whether the principle is correct or not it is of no impoi tauce for us to consider, since we could not adopt it, unless the nations with whom we trade would do it likewise. There is no probability that England will ever materially alter her system, one which she has preserved and with so much advantage: which has poured into her lap the wealth of the world, by which alone she has been able to preserve her rank among nations, and with an unequal population to sustain herself against the gigautic force of her continental enemies. So tenacious is the of giving protecto her own products, that even the star

ving condit?on of thorjjar.d.' of h-r rub jects will not induce her to open her ports to the provisions of other nations. The necessity of giving protection to certain manufactories, to enable them successfully to compete with those of Great Britain, arises principally from the immense capital which our rivals have employed, by which they are enabled to work at a cheaper rate than our manufiictuiers can afford. It is evident that an establishment wbich pro duces 1000 yards of cloth per week, ran afford to sell it for a . smaller profit than one which makes only a tenth of that quantity. That this is the principal reason, is evident from the fact, that all the articles which we formerly received from Great Britain, and which can be advantageously made with small capital, are now almost exclusively made in our own country. The domestic articles having driven the foreign ones from the tnrket. Although our 'apital is far le?a than that Great Brit, am has at her disposal, we have still enough to accomplish the object we aim a. A temporary protection, to enable those ho possets it clearly to see the hdvanlage to be derived from vesting

ri:r money in this way; to enable the I w.jiki.icii to acquire the necessaiy skill, and ttget our people into the habit of u-irg our own manufactures, will soon iconmlish,. wtlr regard t wol en wuJa, what Itafalready been done in relation to those of another kind. But i f v tur3 since, our cotton goods of v ry description were brought fromaid. TLe rio.'. viion jtiven to the anir ufactutt of goods from that mateii- ',), by the act of 1822, has produced a iiost wonderful change. Not only has !he importation of a large class of them h. en stopped, by c-iir manufactories furnishing for the home consumption a better and a che per 'article than that which was formerly imported, but a Urge surplus for exportation. There were exported within the last year, soods of that description to the amount of 1,138,000 dollars, being principally setit to South America, and bringing i'rom ther.ee g dd and silver in return. Is not this a sufficient encouragement to go on with thU protecting policy. And who has been injured by this operation? :v-t the southern planters, surely, who have thus a new market opened for their great staple. None of thes- manufactories have been established in our section of Country, nor do we supply any part of the r aw material employed in them, but we acknowledge their beneficial influence -ince every person who has been taken from agricultural pursuits, employed in thoe manufactures, has created an additional demand for the flour, the pork, the whiskey of Ohio. In fact the New Ei'ghnd States are our best I might almost say our only market for these arti. ties. The tariff of 1824 did not produce an operation so beneficial in relation to woollen as to cotton goods. It caused indeed the establishment of many new manufactories; but the protection given by it has not enabled them to wage a successful contest with those of Great Britain. Various causes have combined to produce this result: the most prominent are a countervailing law of the British parliament, the defects of our own law, enabling the importers to introduce a great quantity of fine cloths under the character of those of a cheaper quality, and the superior capital of the Biitish Manufacturer, which enables turn to sell his cloth often at a sacrifice fer the purpose of driving his Amcrican competitor from the market. The evidence of those facts having been laid before congress, and the depressed and f iiiking slate of American manufactories clearly shown, a Bill was introduced for the purpose of effectually pie venting these frauds, and giving the necessary protection to this important manufacture. The discussing of this bill in the House af Representatives, occupied no inonsidernble part of the whole sesion, and it came to the Senate so late that it could not be acted on, unless it could be taken up out of its 'urn, and this the attnost efforts of its friends were unable to effect. Believing, as I mostsiocerely do, that the passage of this bill would have given very great relief to the farming interest, its failure has been to me a subject of the deepest regret. As far as the interests of the North-Western states are concerned, I believe that there is no measure which has been brought before Congress for many years of so much importance. Could it have been successful, I am confident its beneficial influence upon our principal products, our flour, pork, whiskey, and woo, vrculd at this moment have been felt. If my opinion is correct, it becomes the duty of the Western people to enquire into the cause of the failure of this measure, and to know the grounds of hope or apprehension in relation to its future fate. This is the more necessary since it appears to me that there has been a studied design upon the part of many of the public prints to keep from the people of the Western country a correct knowledge of the real tate of

this qcciios, ami to conceal ihz zst& from which the priocipal opposition tat made and is still to be expected. If tho opposition to the bill upon the part of those who still professed to be favorably disposed to the principle of the Tariff; was confined to its details, that of tho whole mass of the southern delegation was directed against the entire measure,, in every shape, and under any modifiestion. The aidor and violence which wer manifested by them has perhaps never been surpassed on any former occasion, and it is greatly to be lamented that it has rather increased than diminished since the adjournment of Conres. In my native state particularly, a feverish excitement has been produced, whichi would seem to hasten the rr.ost awful consequences. It is a consolation however, to those wh have the misfortune to differ with the politicians of that state, that they display themselves unmasked and undisgu's d. Uypocrisjr at.d dissimulation are weeds which do not flourish in a Virginian soil. Their' is not a w arfare of stratagem and demonstration. They have therefore openly denounced the Tariff system as onei not authorized by the constitution, ar.dl fraught wish the most ruinous consequences l them and the other southern states. It is not tliCwollen bill a!on that they oppose; but every ether which ha for its object the protection of Auieriican manufactures, by au increase of duty upoD thone of, for-hiti countrie So strong are their convictions of its ruinous operations to them, that some of their politicians have threatened us with a dissolution of the Union, if we persisted 111 our design. No better evident can be offered ol their inveterate hostility, than that of their having espoused the cause of Gen. Jackson in opposition to the present adrrinistiation. In no part of the union was th election of Gen. Jnckson to the chief magistracy of the union more severely deprecated than in Virginia pending the last election. One of her most distinguished citizens-, (her last Governor, and now her Senator in Congress,) publicly declared the predilection of the state for Mi. Adam in preference to General J acksoo, until the sentiments of the former in f;tvor of the tariff and internal improvement systems had been declared. They aovr support the General upon the avowed principle of his opposition to these measures; the friends of the General in Ohio upon the ground of hi? being certainly favorable to them. He altogether a tariff man, and they ultra tariff.; They disdain to join the rest of their fellow citizens in their endeavors to procure protection for a single article, although of more importance to us than all the others put together; but insist upon a revision of the whole tariffi What a singular state of thiug9 is her preserved. The friends of Ges. Jackson in the Southern States threaten to withdraw from the union if we itcrease tha duty upon a single article; his supporters, in the Middle and North Western States are for adding to that article mny others, some even which require na protection at all, and others more offensive to their Southern friends than tha woollens. This mode of getting tha dose swallowed, by increasing the nauseous ingredients, is certainly new. I do not attribute to them a design so absurd. The real authors of thi scheme, (not citizens of Ohio,) perfectly understand their game. It is not ti e first time that the same object was attained by pursuing apparently opposite means. The Southern men wish to defeat the Woollens Bill, and they marca directly to their ohject, supporting Gen. Jackson, the whole delegation of whose state they hnow, and whom they believe, individually, to be opposed to it. His friend in the Middle and the Western States, d ire not openly tppose a measure so loudly called for by the in terests of those states. Still they never unite with their Southern friends. This is a sad dilemma; but not without a remedy. It is an old trick in Legisla tion, for professed friends, but secret enemies, to load a bill with matter for tho very purpose of defeating it. If I am asked to account for the very singular circumstance of men who were originally warm ad. ocates for the Tariff, pursuing a course at war with their former opinions, and evidently with their own and the interests of the sections of country iu which they live, 1 have no difficult) in saying, that it is for the purpose of securing the election of General Jackson to fhe Presidency. And I nor sincerely wish that I could add that it was attachment to the General alona which actuated their conduct In that case the nobleness of the motive would excuse the error. But I am persuaded, Sirs, that a stronger passion than love is at the bottom of this business. It is implacable hatred to the present administration. The well known strong and just attachments of the nation to Gen Jackson is ased for the purpose of gratifying the u.ost malignant and undeserved enmitv. lis inveteracT is the strong

k st evidiucs of iU injustice. Hatred