Fayette Observer, Volume 1, Number 45, Connersville, Fayette County, 21 April 1827 — Page 1

Volume I. Covwuivsvittv, lwvYv.uuv, SaWmXivy, ApvW 21, 18,27. Number 45

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YY tiow offer to the consideration of our roars :i very long, and, as we think it an impor

tant essay, because of the facts collected and tate.l. on the principal branches of the njrri-

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sugar, Sec: but wc shall principally confine our remarks to ai tides of the first class.

Vegetable and animal food (except vice) are

to contend in battle! It would be well for every !presit, the United Kingdom of Great Britain

jpcrsun to cvpiirc, in the secret of his own heart, land Ireland, receives of all the agricultural

products of all the states north of the Potomac

why these t..t;js are why it is that we dc-spise.or

! IU"! t . 1 Kn t l.rl, isO . t ... . itrill.ir. ....... . I .. ... t I

the main agricultural product, tor export,tromi us .tmiBi ......

.1 i ..... nr. . .. -v ii l n aI... ' . .

uie si.ues .uuiiii', itw jiainpsmic, .u.iss.icuu-.ot-war m tll 0lost distant seas, to defend by argu sett Hhodc Island, Connecticut, Verinont,New meat and arms, interests that yield so small a com

.-tlt'ire of the United States, chiefly with

view to reconcile, so far as w e can, the opinions

I et our fellow citizens us to certain points ot:s

5 muc.i national concern, and do a way the idea of contacting interests, which politicians have too much encouraged, and seem now resolved ; to pie-s with their utmost force. Vfc have prepared this article with labor and exceeding care, and with an earnest desire to arrive at and speak the truth. Some mis'akes as to principles, or errors of opinion, may exist in it, but nothing is distorted or knowingly tnisrei presented in the leat possible degi ee. We 4 theiefore ask a candid and deliberate evaluation of thi-essay, long as it is. inacer ; t;vn belief that I lie subjects discussed are wor-

Vork. N ew Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware,

Kentucky. Ohio, Indiana, Illinois afid partly so of Mary land, Virginia, Tennessee and Missouri. We shall take the three first and the three last years inserted in the valuable table given in the 2bth vol. of this w ork, page 329, to see what progress we have made as to the

export of vegetable and animal food:

thv of it, though they may be only indifierent1 or weakly handled by us: and if any wirl so fir fivor us ;s to detect and point out what is believe! to be error, we will gladly correct ;oaght we have said, if unable to sustain it bv

argument and a recurrence to first principles. 1 i MKikingup this article, w e have not had much, recourse to the writings or opinions of others, txcept tor some of the fgnres i:cd.

1791 1792 1793

Flovr ibis. G19 GT. I 824 lot 1,071 639

2,5 18,7 CI

1C22 1 823 1824

Flur, bbls.

1)77,805 756,702 99d,702

1791 1792 1793

Beef G2,7 7 1 74,0.33 75.100

Tl e aurlcuhiire c-f the Lniied State's. After considerable reflection on tlie subject and eare-

fd icferences to some of the important statis-

212,515 101,442

3 1 0,057

Pork. 27.781 38,098 o o r o Oo,OU. 101.442

2,681,209 Bctf F-rk

1822 97,010 G8"352 1823 01.413 55,529 11124 Go074 07,229

parative pro!:t, when we have reference to the a-

inuunt received for Hour or tobacco exported! We complain not of this defence wc wish it cotin nod and extended as tltc ca.se shall require; hut we cannot see tvhy property and products at ho.vie sliould not have the sains fostering care as proper

ty and products abroad! It a tariti, which shall

and Uhio a less value thanooo dollars a vear:

though the people of these states consume or purchase of her manufacturers to the value of about twenty eight millions of dollars a year, according to the returns of 1825, and allowing 14 millions for the consumption of the rest

of the states, which we presume is about a fair proportion. f Hut suppose there was a little of nat'ittj in the pretensions of Mr. Huskisson as

ir-.C.-... .In 1 n ... I ..

protect the growers and manufactures of wuoUnd J1 , 7 . , - l'UI w uert .1 n: l 11 .-11 . - 1 PfMlfll fill! V l.r tllP l mKl.inn tif lironrl cliifT;

me !coiesoi minions, oi uouars vemcu oy inemTI . - ivau-cmiH. may Dperaeas a tax on other parts of the commu-'i11 is rcaonalde to believe that such proceednity (whicl , however, we do not admit that itjing might adejinee the price of flour one dolwould) sba 1 not tliese say also, and with certaintj , jlar per barrel. This increase of price would that M'V t lured to keep up lleets in the Mcdit-laid, c, course, on the vtoe quantity sold cn .r.e.M,;".Vet Indian, houth Atlantic and Ur.at lht rirers f grain w hich is pretty near-

, i......1. .. .. , 'lv ual to 1 o.OOO.OOO barrels their vrofitt

less annual valno than those which ikty pndiico

225,102 191.110 191,110 410,212

Shewing an increase in thirty fne years, du

ring tvlncli the population of the producing states has been almost tiebled, of only 02,4C5

bbls. of ilour and 99,2 jork in thrte years, or

port of 21,000 bbU of llour and 33,000 barrels

wvuld, therefore, be increased in the sum of fifteen millions of dollars. I leseech the farmers to look at this the proposition is. in its

and possess within our own land and ask why,

j.tcuitur pi i ilexes or advantages have been gran-

led, or continued:

Further much fear is expressed of a loss of the own nature, as snre as any that can be drawn

British West India Trride,--;u.d a shutting of the fron1 'diolv writ.'" And are they to be gulportsofCul.aou!d throw us into great alarm,j,e(, an1 cjie;itefj thus, by British agents and because ot a restricted demand tor our Hour I ., . , . i c 4 i 0rT,, ,,.,..,.,., lothers, about linl'sh "tree trade? 1 There is and yet the-Ncc t.n irUttnl statts receive from ISew , ' ... , ... ,. York, Pennsylvania, Maryland and Virginia, aa degree ot vnpwhnce in the proceedings of much pi t ater quantity of llour than we export to 'those men that is intolerable. And can the ail the )l(.s lialm Islafids. Those states import J farmers support a trade which, (directly), does

from theirsister fc'.ates, more than 625,UU0 barrels'nothiog to support them which Stands as Jive a year, lesiutslarSe quantities of corn the urfuAc hundred doWm-i exported to tzi-entu eiht millions h.mgn exrortot p.our was oidy o 13,001) barrels ! imp0f tcJ ? I have hardly patience when I J and uOi, 010 in f)26. ISew hnprlaud is ena-i.. , r , . 1 . . , A ii i , .i . think ol thoe who gracly resist whatever bled to receive and consume this great quantity . b. . . J ,7 1 heraa-p oll.r maim tact ores more than 2ol,0ou.ma' tCR( ? remove this inequality, barn Is ere received at the sintrle port of Boston. In statistical subjects, it is especially neces-

of which 7 :.oio were exported, leaving 2u'j,0oo sary that tire w riter should be assisted by the for ro : H.ietfy uoin jviarjland Virginia,'. consiJe ratioi of the readei ; indeed, he must int'.elast jnrA the latter, ofJu;j is almost e-irneasurabl v relvunon it : else thn detniU wnuWl

I ... .1 ,..! ,.l .. f - ... .1 .. .. . 1 - ' - .

v-.'rV""'"'""-"-' i he legions ;in i rv hevnnr n honrmn- Il.if

British West Indies and Cuba which, in liiJ J J .. sfinie miilinns nprenn m;iv acL- linii? An tb

was no more than l3,noa barrels. How small! . r--. 4 - j

then, Uihe foreign cltuiaiid compared with the Krain-rl otv,rr states Dear mis inequality m

.ntTTiMTwnt hono-.ib.Moii twr h-i.u If inaiul : but it u.e uiontu vuie oi l nese aiucies i.ome market, iur w.e growers oi jrraiii! And it . ,l" ""wm - i xif answer

' " I I - ' . ... . . . . . . .. . ..... . ; " . .: 1 - .1 - : !...!.. 1 . l-l ..

cf actu satVeriiig in the Unite.! Sates than i;ils regarded, it is probable that those exported. ' ancn io u.e pt op.e oi me uimeusiaus a quaiiis easy: oy uie in aiuame iraue wnicn tnty

any otSier country under heavca. a great do- in the thrte

rrpr ol'horii ii.n v dit re '-imi imi;i!p t mha -1 iai ee a til

ras-rnent ire ail: nud "the prospect hei.:e last, bucl

ii," is unless the urofound attentinci of our a tut, s 1' ibCl's until

. . . ! .

shall be excited exerted to relieve thcij,"

o. barrels ol be el and a yearly increaced ex-

-that, at no previous time, du-

t-ra! farts that bear upon it. ue have readied of beef and pork. And, in the cars 1791,

192 aii'l 193 we exported 3.3.;2 tierces ol rice, and only 30 1,0 C3 in the ears l; 22, li' Jo and l2l. . It is the (juantitii that establishes the capacity to produce, r the amount ol the foreign tie

t;;c conclusion

tinr the period ot our national exittnce, h is t'n' state of our agriculture more irr,jeriously demanded toe serious rertecti n and care of a

wise and paternal g)ernment than at the p;e-

fnst years was, nearly, tmce as lilJ of bread stuils equal oidy to "a y tck if co-,ilhave with one another, with the rest of the . ..L..t...i .t. tl.. fi.w. ' 'AMor each liaJuiduai, the wiade coiiaum-!t;,tr. and tbev with them n,l t.v l,ot r.r.

iiaiOl UlWt VAIHIHCU III mi lli' hi I -ii r i , . 7 J T milk . U" , vulue M ,..ti,ca iu U. nilicwl ' '"' "!" the Brilib.

il ll.e Jtar IIUJ, ami, lm.5a. l.usUU .iIctii,, as dual lo one barrel uf fcur.l Vl"t 5Ca . 1' vexed with our industry,

a 11 I . . I , i' l I I . . . I i .i . .... . ' ' . u 1 1 'i luirt U'hirh ic rs

am to the table, ue have the following items

people, that we cannot advance to t!oe high destinies to which our republic seems called, so certainly and rapidly as we ought. We totally disavow any desire to build up a i r e or

artificial system, for t lie benefit of any class of

tndmdu ds. even tor the agnm Ural. - though tbev make upub.'cit three frj'-tbs -f ' nr whole population but hold it expedient a.;d proper, at all times, and in behalf even of a;, individual citizen, to profit by ail the advantagor, which

(ion and nature have given, to promote "the general welfare1 by securing the happiness an 1 prosperity of all, and ca.ai, thiough wholenmo employment and reasonable compensation for labor. Foreign co.-nmeice, as to many

of our late, most valuable commodies, fails to j

pro. lure its former effects, and men ha'. e been compelled to turn th'ir attention to new arti cles;andthe mightv ciiange whicti have taken place in the condition ofocr country, in various and important rcsoects, should inspire

us with deep and solemn considerations as to the future: and iodign mtiy forbid a yielding to temporary or political party purjioscs, whatev

er may impede the matcnoi prosperity, oi

cause abandonments of immutable principles of

right. It is the gil t ol 1 uovi ocnck, tnat these L'nited States sliould be free, independent and h ippy and it depends upon ourselves w hether we will retain or cast away the blessings bestowed. The policy of this rcpublic,whether it ragards agriculture, manufictures or com

merce, interior or exterior, must not be sub-

jucte.i to the caprices of transient parties, or

matter lor political bargaining as has been

partially the case heretofore, and, as it appears

probable, may be attempted again.

These general remarks naturally occurred

when wc sat down to make some observations

on the past, present and probable hereafter agriculturalist?! in which we hope lo adduce

some tacts and opinions that w ill lead many- to a serious consideration as to that policy which

oii'dit to be steaddv pursued. We have no

ra. inner of reference to local circumstances - or

1C03

lbOl 1C05

Flour dollars. Bctf Fork dollars

9,310,000 7,100,000 8,325,000

2 1,735,000

1,135.000 4.3U0,000 4j 14 1,000

12,510.000

Together

37,311,000 Flour dollars. Beef (- Pork dollars.

1S22 U23 11.2 1

5,103,000

1,9 b 2,000 5,759,000 15,824.000 T.Glii.OOO

2,529,000

2,401,000 2,b2b,000

while the cxnortis less than one million of h rr.u 1,at lort which is opened tousis not freqyen

Whv.tbe hnrsts K. tocsin ti;e U. States aunuallv tet') it thereat we can dispose of any cemmod-

. ' . .-i -i .. .. .

uy, ine avails wucreot will enable us to pay Britain for her goods We go over all the world to gather proft, and cast it into Britain's lap. Iiut we shall at some future period, shew these things irom oilicial statements. The facts however, are as stated and cannot be denied. The grow th of wool, hemp and flax, and o-

Ithcr artides.fiMAf be resorted to by the farmers.

consume, more than nve times as much cram as

would be equivalent to the quantity of llour exported! The lorcign demand, however, even I'm' so small a proportion of our brcad-stull's produced, i exceedinrlj important, bceausc ofils efect toes A. I i l l. . , I I . . 1 A' I I l - Ik

iuiibii a se'uug-v uiue iur an ihu rest, liul we have not tu..e to descant upon the operations of

si arc it y ai.d suiniy, ai.d besides, their principle

has of l en hem M.eu n in this w ork. The surplus, or v. ar.t, of a small quantity, every bouv knows.

has ellect en the value ofa wholequantity iu mar- and the manufacture of them be encouraged I. ...... .i:.:..: i . t I r

,Glo,000

ket, to diminish or increase its price. .And if we

compare' the amount of the animal food exported to that which is consumed at home, how will the account stand! Admit, that half a pound i used or wasted, for :m individual, per day, the aggregate is ,110 milliousof pounds annually whereas the

" quantity of beef and pork expufted is only about Together ,23,442.000 -Jo millions of pounds; thus, the vegetable food bo we see that the money-value of the chief cun-aimed at home, by man and beast, is thirty -aciicuitural products exported from the many live times prcater than the amount exported, and

states named, was fourteen millions of dollais cfa"im-Al food, aUo the produce of agriculture,

and consiberably exceeding one half more in t-l.ty tune grater, under the most reasonable! ,,.,v, i ,i iooo i .- i allowances that it is possible to make; and which U,03, loO i and lLOo, than in lb22, lo2o and arc advano.d m)t ,J)C llie rea amounts, but Kl'il. liie value ot the rice exported bears M rcaonaLl,. du la, to assist informing general fully the same proportion in favor ot tiiC ear- and importaet opinions. It is perfectly evident liest years. There ate no specialities iu these then, that the grain growing and grazing states

selections for the earliest and the latest years ''1'' establish and keep up a home-market for

e-iven in the table are olfcred. and almost any c communities ci u.eir agricuuuraiistsTtor the

d . j i . ... .. i ,..i. l i. ...-.... .. :ii :

M'fl.o parv vpars comnaicd vv t . -it.nt be i 1 " " l"u itceive is,

oi mc i.uyi,... ftue.a. ...u. dredth part of their azitic prodvets, and, to our N ith these u sults belore us, it 13 perfectly vyhole free population, would yield not much more plain, or, indeed, sell-evident, that the nume- than one dollar, a rear, for each person. Can the

rous people of the grain-growing and grazing 1unicr, the man who cultivates hisown field, de-

ind supported, else the greatest and most im-

states enumeratetl above, and containing about

three fourths ol all the people ol the L'nited States, could not possibly depend upon the foreign demand for their surplus productions: hence it was indispensable to their existence,

perhaps at least, to their reasonable comfort,

(which no human laws can rightfully deprive

them of,) that they should turn their attention

toother matters ami they have vested, pro

bably, about 300 millions of dollars, in manu

facturing establishments, in the breeding ol

sheep, and in commerce and navigation and

ithe fisheries, to employ their surplus population

peculiai things, except a they shall appear to ;uui y. bread to the hungry. The present

anect the well-being ot the community at ;mnual value of the products of sheep, because

large anu, iei iacuons ana parties draw tneir Oft,oir -o and skins only, is about twice or

political or geograpoicai lines as they may, we lTlc? n? iargc as lnat of all the Hour or toba never yet have believed that there is any ma- c0 at I)Ic.cCnt exported, however much the lat

tenal diversity ol interest among the widely lcr articles engage the national legislation and

"cattercd people 01 me Ltiiieo state; anni puhlic care, because we have been accustomei that, in matters of business, the same amicablejto Jq, at things abroad and disregard those a

compromises do, or may .exist, winch have been. )lCane. We do not speak wildly. There are

stablished m our political constitution, under about fifteen million of sheep and their in

which we have had ''peace, liberty and safety, 'j

however much we have been agitated by po

litical feelings and the jarrings between ii.vj

and outs, with the intrigues of those who, in the l inguare of lh Witt Clinton, have seemed

as if they would "rather reign in h serve in heaven."

;end upon'ii's for all the supplies which he has to

purchase, for the payment ot his work people and

taxes! IVhaw! the directly operating foreign

uisiness of a whole year, would hardly supply him

with necessary money for the business of a week.

..et this be looked into. Nothing more than a

momentary application of the self-evident facts

which we have suggested, is needful to convince any one as to what in the real state of things.

There is another point of view, however, in

which this subject should be considered. At

The property vested in the wool-crrow iucr busi

ness has been thus estimated:

For land, .... $20,000,000 sheep, - 'J0,OO0,0UO

40,000,000

which is much under the real amount; and the an

nual product is 15.000,000 a year, a stated in

the text.

crease, wool and skins may be estimated al til

teen millions of dollars, which is considerably

more than the average value of all our llour

and tobacco annually exported for the. last

j three years. Ought not this matter, this "wool-

1 than! gathering" idea, as in derision it may be called

in respect lo the home trade and home supply, to

tit is very probable that the starch used in

our manufacturing establishments consume a

greater value ol the products of agriculture than the amount of nil such articles exported

(cotton and tobacco excepted,)to Great Britain

;vm Ireland, l.nssia, rrussia, Holland, 4"C

We are not joking. We see it stated that live

factories near Springfield, Mass. annually use

40,000 lbs. ol starch. It is ascertained that at

itsitkL- rlfion in mr imii.i i-1 1 rv n ti mkituvn it ..11.

The chief products of our agriculture '""'j tj two great stjVpi.ks' of our foreign trade and egeiable and animal food and wool, tobacco stjforcij?I1 demand, for the protection of which latter, tb considerable quantities of flax and hemp,or eiterof them, we always stand a prepared even

one factory in Massachusetts, employing 2fJ0 hands, 300 barrels of flour were consumed last year. Mr. Mallary states the latter in his masterly speech, which we intend koqn to publish.

tThat distinguished member of the Pennsylvania delegation in congress, Mr. Sttart'm his excellent speech on what is called the wool bill,v said 'The plain question is now, shall we abandon our manufactures and our agriculture, and import agiicultural productions wool and

woolens, from Great Britain, whose policy now

compels her people to starve before they dare

consume a mouthiul ol American bread or A-

merican meat, though it were offered to them

for nothing It is made by their laws a penal offence to do so. This is the uuestion. We

are told that we must buy from Great Britain that she might buy from us! How is this? Great Britain buy from us.' What does she buy from the middle and northern states? Nothing. Great Britain from whom we bought in 1825, upwards of 42 millions of merchandize 10,Go2,(J00 of it wool and woollens, took in tx change of ihe agricultural produce of all the

states north of the Potomac and Ohio, an a-

mount less than 200! and yet we are told by American statesmen, gentlemen representing

these states, that we must purchase wool, (and why not llour too?) from Great Britain, to induce her to purchase from us! I repeat it, and

defy contradiction, for it is proved by our re

cords, that in 1025, the whole exportalions

into Lnglaml, Scotland, Ireland, from this coun

try, to leed and support their manufacturers, did not amount to 200! Sir, only 151! Of

flour, rye, corn, w heat, oats, pulse and every other species of grain, Sii Of all kinds of

animal food beef, pork, &c. 34! And of all

kinds of drink whiskey, gin, beer, cider, &c. 29! With these facts staring him in the

lace, the British minister himsell would blush

to ask the grain grow ing states of the union to "buy from them, that they may buy from us."

Sir, I would say when Great Britain resorts to

prohibition, 1 will countervail her policy by a like resort to prohibition. If s!ie prohibits our llour and provisions, 1 will prohibit her wool and woolens. We c:id live as independently of her as she can of us. Ifshe w ill take but 151 worth of our bread and meat to feed her manufacturers, I will take but $151 worth of her wool and w oolens. I will go to New

England or Stcubeville, and buy from those who will buy from me, and who will gladly give us cloth iu exchange for our provisions and wool.

1