Evansville Weekly Journal, Volume 14, Number 5, Evansville, Vanderburgh County, 23 March 1848 — Page 2

THE EVANSVILLE JOURNAL

?nnrrED asp ppblishep BY WM. H. CHANDLER fc CO, The Tei-Weekly JocnaAg. Is published on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays, at 4,00 per annum, in advance. Ttie Weekly Jockxal is published on Thursdays, at S-.uu per annum in advance. FOR r EES ID EXT: ZACHAHY T A "ST LOR. WHIG ELECTORAL TICKET. SENATORIAL ELECTORS. JOSEPH G. MARSHALL, of Jefferson. GODLOVE S. ORT1I, of Tippecanoe. OICTEICT ELECTORS. 1st DisC-John Fitches, of Posey. 2d " John S. Davis, of Floyd. 3d " Milton Gregg, of Dearborn. 4th " - David P. Holloway, of Wayne. 5th " Thomas D. Walpole, of Hancock. 6th " Lovell H. Rousseau, of Greene. 7th " Edward W. McGuaghey, of Park. 8th " James F. Suit, of Clinton. 9th " Dakiel D. Pratt, of Cass. 10th " David Kilgore, of Delaware, CITY OF CVAKSTUIiEi THURSDAY, MARCH 33 188. CCjT We are greatly pressed for room just now, being entirely overrun with advertiser ments. Several articles of interest original and selected are necessarily crowded out. . CC3"Ye &fe requested, to call attention to the Card of J. Dajjfqbth & Son, Dry Goods Merchants, Louisville, in our columns to day, Their Stock is very heavy, and embraces tjje greatest variety. CO" A Gre "occurred in the suburbs of our city on yesterday, which destroyed a frame dwelling house. The building belonged to the estate of Samuel Manusel, aqd was occupied at the time by Mr. Harvey, The fire was occasioned by the ash-barrel being placed too near the building, and while the family were at dinner it set fire to the weather-boarding and 6aon enveloped the whole house in flames, "Fithian's Daouerrean Gallery." We recommend our citizens to call at the rooms of of Mr. Fithian, Exchange Hotel, and see some of the finest specimens of Daguerreotype likenesses ever exhibited in this city. The gentle man is a perfect master of his art as his numerous specimens will show, and takes great pleasure in exhibiting his skill to those who visit him. Hon. Cvrcs Taber, -The committee of our citizens who were appointed sometime ago to invite the Hon. Cyrus Taber to partake of a public dinner, and to tender him the thanks of our citizens for the manly and upright stand he took ia regard to the canal question when before the Legislature, addressed him a letter on the subject, to which he at the time replied, but which reply never came to hand. Learning this, Mr. Taber has again addressed the Committee, enclosing his first answer to their letter, a lid concluding with the following promise to visit us and join in thecelebration,which wiM, no doubt, be got up when thisgreat work shall be completed: ''I will do myself the honor to visit your city if my life is spared, when our great canal shall be completed to your city; when the wa ters which have run through our great Inland Seas to the Gulf of St. Lawrence, since the commencement of time, shall mingle with the waters 01 your noDte river, at me ctiv 01 .vans ville, on their way to the Gulf of Mexico; when anticipation shall have become reality: Then, sir, 1 hope to have the pleasure of going to see the citizens ot your city and county. saw the first spade, full of earth thrown out of the Wabash and Erie Canal, and I hope to live to see u united who ine uoio river. Bank Robbery in Virginia. The Richmond Enquirer, mentions a report that the Exchange Bank of Petersburg has been robbed ot $id,uuu, taken trom tne cashiers room, in the temporary absence cf the Cashier. The particulars are not given. C3The New Orleans Delta has sent a re porter to Puebla, to take down the proceedings of the Court of Inquiry in the case of General Seott, Gen. Pillow and Col. Duncan. 03" Lykn Boyd, a member of Congress from Kentucky has been nominated by the Locofoco Convention as a candidate for Governor of that State. Torture or Americans. A letter to the St Louis Reveille, dated on board the U. S. stea mer Spitfire. atTlacatalpan, February 20, says: A horrible affair took place atTalascoya four days since. Five Americans, captured near Vera Cruz, were taken to Talascoya, tied to stakes in full view of each other, and then the tongue, eyes, nose, ears, and bands of one were deliberately cut out! After the first one died another was treated in the same way, and so on. If this does not call for retributive justice what will: Barbarous. A letter to the N. O. Delta dated Jala pa, Feb. 15, says: "A horrible piece of barbarity, which occur red at this place, clearly shows, that though the inhabitants may appear lriendly to ou .troops. till when an opportunity offers for evincing tLeirhatred withoutrisk to themselves. lhey dofiol let it pass. Mr. Curran, who was ientut hereon the part of some of the citizens f ll'liaoi to take home the remains of Lieut. Thomas Davis, wjbo fell at Cerro Gordo, and was buried here, canse jup with a train, and on "his proceeding to the grae of the young warrior, be found it had beenopened, and the body .mutilated and burned almost lo a cinder, a fire Jiaving been lighted in the -eoiiia. With the assistance of some friends, be collected what rvmained of the bod y and proceeded homewards on his mission.", . War Expenses. Daniel Webster year ago&y clared in the U. S. Senate, that the expenses ol the war would amount to one million and a half per week. The government press, and its eehoes every-where jjdiculed the estimate. But the War Fecretary, has made a report to the Senate, at their call, in which it i stated, that the "Wat Department alone, has expended during die first year Forty one mill ions, seven hundred and eighty one thousaad, erven hundred dollars. Precocious Wi ked.vess. -An aged baldfceaded teacher, says 'ae Boston Post, told an impudent boy the story of F-liha and the bears. When he had done. rlie bov said, "Uo up, baiu steaa:-now vnnS u

From te Louisville Journal Extra.

HIGHLY IMPORTANT NEWS FROM ETJ.KUJE. Tl T a ftEVOLCTlO? IH f RAJTCE ABJUICATIO DP Louis Phillipfe. The following very excit ang news from France have just reached us by telegraph. That country is once more in a state of revolution, and consequences of the greatest importance must necessarily result therefrom: New York, March 18,10 A.M. The royal mail steamer Cambria was telegraphed off the harbor this morning at 6 A. M.. and shortly after arrived at her moorings. She sailed from England on the 2b ih ult., and briugs the following highly important and interesting news: The intelligence from France is of a start ling character. That country is again distrac ted by a revolution. Louis Phillippe has been forced to abdicate the throne, and a republican form of Government has been proclaimed. The royal tamily nave been compelled to leave Paris. The revolution is spreading with rapid sti ides over the country, attended by dreadful loss of life to all those who oppose its progress, ilia commercial Intelligence by this arrival quotes best Western canal flour at 27s to 27s n.i.,nc ,i ru; ,n a x ,n 0-7.. ci Correspondence of the New York Herald, AFFAIRS IN EUROPE. Paris, February 9, 1848. Affairs in Continental Europe. The progress of the revolution Another Joan of Arc, A revolution, complete but bloodless, has taken place in Naples: thirtv thousand people collected, to demand a change in the govern ment, and the dismission ol the Kings minis ters. They cried, among other things -'long live the King and the constitution;'" and the king becoming alarmed, and acting under the advice of those in whom confided, dismis sed his ministers, and gave notice that in ten days would be prepared a constitution, under the advice ot his new rnmisters, which should provide for a Chamber of Peers, to be appoint ed by the king; a HUse f Representatives, to be chosen by the people: lor the independence of the press, and the establishment of the Ca tholic rejgjon. Order is said to have be en restored in Naples for the present; and the peo ple are waiting tor the lululmeut .of their sov ereigns promises. In Sicily, the king's troops have been beaten, ana have retired to a distance, and signed an armistice for the present those sent from Na ntes are expecting to be recalled immediately: and the king seems to have surrendered all hope ot controlling the people, except by submitting to their demands, f ius I a, lias refused a pas sage to the Austrian power iu this respect, as she dares not disturb Europe so much at this time, as she would do, bylorcinga passage through the States of the Church, without con - onsent. By sea, Austria is not in a condi tion to succor her kinsman, and she dare not lazard such a movement in the present condi tion of France and England. In Florence, Genoa, Turis:. Rome, Bologna, &c, the people have assembled in thousand, to mamtest their joy at the progress ot events in Naples and Sicily; and at Genoa a Te J)eum was to be performed at the church of Meuziata in honor of the successof the revolution in Si cily. The Sicilians do not seem to demand that the king shall reside a part ot his time in Palermo, a representative government, and other guarantees against future oppressions, and to hold in possession the forts, till the performance of the king's promises shall be guaranteed by some foreign power. Neith er they nor the Ntopolitans demand any con cession or form of government inconsistent with the acts and guarantees of the Congress of Vienna. They thus avoid bringing themselves in collision, necessarily disturbing the peace of Europe and theiracts, hitherto, have been characterized by great moderation and firmness and less that is afflicting, than is usual W such thorough and general insurrections. But the end is not yet; the insurrections are progressing in the interior otaicilv, amidst a good deal ot contusion, and some bloodshed; and the recent movement and triumph of the people in Naples have rendered the stability ot other govern ments in ol Italy more than doubtful. ihe sovereigns ot Modena and luscany have already made large concessions to the people of their dominions; and --have refused some that were praved for by the people. The move ment of the Pope of Rome, in conceding pow er to the people, and calling round himself a council of conference of his most worth? sub jects, is no less novel than praise-worthy; and the king ot Naples would have acted wisely at an earlier day, had he followed the example of the Pope, and the two sovereigns before referred to. This European movement is revolution izing government after government, and still stopping short of a republic in the case of Switzerland excepted; and the concessions of the sovereigns of several of the minor States to their subjects, granting general amnesties, seems to be auspicious for the increasing nn provement in the condition of the people of Continental Europe, and to indicate that Eng land, as she is charged with doing, is giving countenance, and promises support to the move ments. The King of Denmark has lately granted to mssuujecis a constitution; ana uius, wiinin tew months, no less than five constitutions have been conceded to nations before subject to the absolute will ol their sovereigns. Russia, Austria, Prussia, and the ministry of France stands back under these circumstances, and content themselves, at present, with solemn warnings and angry words; save the movement which Austra is making in Italy. Both par ties in the t rench Chamber agree that Eng land is encouraging all these movements; and while M. Guizot denounces her, the opposition applaud, and tauntingly reproach him with his subserviency to Austrian despotism; the perversion of the feelings of the people of France and the loss of favor, and the friendship of rortugai, Italy, Switzerland, Ureece, and some of the other minor States of Europe. The bombardment of Palermo by the King's troops called lorth a spirited and energetic pro test from the consuls resident at Palermo among whom were those of the United States England and France. While the struggle was going on in Sicily, the most influential ladies in Palermo volunteered to protect and nurse the wounded, and exposed themselves without reserve to the fire of the King s troops. One lady of great family e ninence, dressed herself in men s apparel, took the command of a large body of insurgents, and fed them to battle and to victory. Since the days of Joan of Arc there have been few similar examples of female heroism. In Paris it is not yet known how the Sicil tans have received the announcement of the King, that such a constitution should be grant ed to the people of the two Sicilies. There have beeu strong manifestations of a disposi tion.to reject the Jving and his government al together, and to chose Count d'Aquila, the brother of the King, for their sovereign, and to make Sicily altogether independent of Naples. Indeed, nothing is yet certain as to the details of any form of government, or whether the King of Naples will or will not, be finally re jfeted by the Sicilians. These stirring events in Italy add to the excitement in r ranee, and tend to increase the dissatisfaction of the neo pie with M. Guizot and his government. Thev increase me a nun way 01 me xwigusa ana French cabinets, and tend more and more strongly to throw the French ministry entirely into the Austria; Russia, and Prussia, and to force a re-union between England and the smaller powers, whose interests she appears to be favoring. Lord Palmerstou's despatches are remarkable for their directness; and no one can fail to comprehend fully his meaning. The '.Spanish alliance has evidently crippled thejow-

erof the French ministry, and deprived them

of that independent position wbich it is tor the interest of prance to occupy, By this alliance, Louis Phillippe has offended England and the Queen personally and he dares not offend the three other great powers of Europe. Hence, when Russia desires to occupy Cracow and to violate her territory; or. Prussia desires to take one or more, of the cantons of Switzer land underprotectjon, and to make war upon Switzerland tor disputing her rights so to do; or Austria desires to occupy Ferrara, to send uer troops into Modena and raunce, and to seize upon the strongholds in the independent States in Italy M. Guizot thinks of the danger to his Spanish alliance, and acquiesces in those violent.nieasures, What a complicated cobweb is the diplomacy of Europe! Observer. State of Europe High Political Feeling in Paris, and all over Europe. The European intelligence is highly interesting. Revolutionary feeling seems to increase in Paris, and all over Europe. A decided movement has taken place, in Naples, the particulars of wnicii wilt be lound elsewhere. In Paris a crisis seems to be approaching, somewhat sim ilar to that which preceded the revolution of ot I5o0, driving out the elder Bourbons, and elevating the Orleans family to the throne, The movement in the Chamber of Deputies, and the feeling of the journals and the populace cannot be be mistaken. It appears that a series of political banquets, held by the opposition members and their friends throughout France, have increased and concentrated political feeling so much against the government, as to demand from the ministers some decided action.- A debate accordingly took place in the chainberof deputies, of a niostexcitiiig character, at the termination of which the ministers declared their intention of puU ting down those banquets, as being contrary tq 4y, Qn the other hand, the opposition members have put forth their declnrition to attend them, and to take measures to support them at all hazzard. or secede from the Chamber. The first coutlict will produce a crisis ip. Pa.;i3, and probably throughout France. This popular movement, growing out of the reform banquets in France, resembles in some respects the premonitory symptoms of the rev olution of 1830. The Bourbon dynasty became very restless and uneasy under the freedom of the press. They published ordinances repress ing that freedom, and on the back of that, two hundred and twenty-one members of the Chamberof Deputies organized what may be called a secession from thrir seats in the house. Phis lighted the train which produced the rev olution of that day. The steps and symptoms of the present crisis are similar. The minis ters declare that the reform banquets are ille gal, and that they mean to put them down by lorce tne opposition members equally declare that they will attend them, and, if force is used to put them down, they will secede from the Chamber, and throw themselves on the country for support. This will bring on another crisis in Paris, and no one can tell what may grow out of U. I he whole Paris press, with the exception of the Journal dea Dtbata and the Conservateur, ate, we believe, are ar rayed against the present dynasty or the pres ent government. Popular agitation in Paris has not been higher for the last twenty years. Recent events in Switzerland, Naples, and in the tioman states, and other portions of Europe, have only added fuel to the fire of revoIntion, which has been increasing gradually for the last few years. Such is the present position of Parif, France, and the Continent. The next news, therefore. will be extremely important. If the French ministers put down these reform banquets by force, and the opposition members abandon their seats in the Chamber of Deputies, nothing would seem to prevent an attempt at revolution in Paris, and throughout the depart ments. The King and the government have, however, got three hundred thousand troops under their command, fifty thousand of-whom are constantly stationed in Purisand that neigh borhood. If the troops are faithful, they may sustain the government for a while; but the extraordinary force of the newspaper press and popular agitation produced by the steps of the government, may reach the materials ot the army, w hen that shall have been accom pushed, all will be over with the present dynasty. Ve wait, therefore, with extreme impa l!pnri for the net! I1(1VS wlllrh mair Krincr accounts 01 a revolution in fans and trance. British Designs' on Cuba. By the Britan nia, we have the following report of an inter esting debate in Parliament. In the House of Commons, on the 3d ult. Lord George Bentinck said: The noble lord then referred to a letter which he had received from a naval officer, describing the horrors of the slave trade, as carried on in the swift sailing vessels which are equipped expressly to escape the cruisers offthe coast of Africa. Htf(LordG. Bentinck) agreed entirely with the writer of the letter referred to, in deeming it a ruinous task for England to have to blockade a coast of26o0 miles in extent.He would, instead of pursuing the blockade and preventive system; strike a blow at the chief resort of the slavers, and would smother the hornets in their nests in Cuba. He had recently seen in the Times a paragraph taken from a New York paper, whereiu the views of Eng land upon Cuba were very broadly speculated upon, and the reasons which would justify her 111 seizing that island, in payment of the debt due by Spain to her citizens, set fully forth.Everyone knew that the slave trade could not be put down as long as a market existed in Cuba. Destroy that mart and you would at once be able to withdraw your blockading squadron, and lurtner the ends ot lustice in liquidating the claims of the Spanish bondhol ders. He would say. take possession of Cuba and settle the question forever. Hear, hear. it would be only be distracting lor a just debt; and it would have the effect ol completely de stroying the slave trade. Mr. Labouchere Would you also take Brazil.' Lord G. Bentinck There was a material diuerence 111 the two cases; we had no just claim against lirazil. In possessing Cuba, Eng land would have the key of the Gulf of Mexico as she had 111 1 tb2, when she took it with six sail of the line. Then we need have no alarm for our American colonies, because we could cut the trade of the United States in two, by destroying tne communication between Aevv York and the Mississippi. We. should then hear no more boasting from Uncle Sam about stretching his length from California to the Pacific, and turning Cuba into a kitchen gar deu. Important Inrelligence from China MOEE 1 ROUBLE BETWEEN THE ENGLISH AND Chinese Probably Blockade of Canton.' The ship Panama, Captain Grisworld, arrived on Saturday last at New York, from Canton, whence she sailed on the 14th of December: Sir John Davis, the Governor cf Hong Kong, had arrived at Canton, and demanded from the Chinese Government the fullest redress for the murders committed; but no satisfaction having been received, a consulation of the officers was held, and they had partly concluded to blockade Canton. The force, however, was not sufficient. , The British steamers were ordered to pro ceed as far up the river as practicable, in order that tneymay be in readiness to blockade as soon as determiued on.

From the N. 0. Picayune Narch S One Week Ziater From Mexico. ARRIVAL OF THE NEW ORLEANS. Colonel JJiscoe's Conflict With the Guer rillas.

The steamship New Orleans, Capt, Edward Auld, arrived at an early hour yesterday morning from Vera ' Cruz, having sailed thence on the 2d inst, That we may do no injustice to Col. Biscoe or his command in regard to his skirmish with the guerrillas which is represented by some private accounts as discreditable to our arms we copy the following account ol it from the Free American of the 1st inst., it was written after the return of Col. Biscoe and his command to Vera Cruz ; Lieut, Col, Biscoe left this city on the morning of the 19th of February, with detachments of Louisiana and Georgia Dragoons, on that evening, at about 4 o'clock, some forty or fifty guerrilleras were observed at a place called Matamoras. A charge was immediately made on them, and the Mexicans retreated to the edge of a chapperal, when our troops numbering about twentyfive men. at that time, commanded by Capt, Wafford, of the Georgia Dragojns, came close upon them, some four hun dred guerrilleras rushed out of the chapperal, and a deadly conflict ensued. Our troops, however, succeeded it) passing through their lilies, and then gallantly returned and again opened the ranks of the Mexicans. At this moment the main boJy of the Americans, consisting in all of about seventy-five men, came up to the rescue of this gal'apt Jiltle band, and a general fight took place, hand to hand, in which we haye tq regret the loss of a friend, Lieut. Henderson, of the Louisiana volunteers, who wag lanced, shot, and deeply cut in the face by the Mexicans. He died like a hero, and his name deserves to be recorded in the pages of the history of his country. We have also to mourn the death of four of the gallant Georgians, who so nobly charged the enemy. Two other men of the same corps, were severely wounded, and three Louisiana volunteers slightly. The mules have given out from fatigue, it was thought absolutely necessary by Col. Bis coe to abandon them, although we understand that he made all possible exertions to save them, The guerrilleros having retired from the field thev were at different times pursued, but they were not anxious to come to close quarters with our troops. Ihe command then proceeded on to Cordova; and then to Orizaba. A train of 160 wagons arrived at Vera Cruz on the 26th ult,, escorted by a portion of Lieut, Col. Biscoe's Mounted Volunteers, consisting of the companies of Capts. Fairchild, Connelly and Kerr, Capt, Howe's company of the 2d Dragoons, and two companies of Michigan Infantry 280 in all. According to the Free American of the 1st inst., a Mexican, who ar rived with the train, reported that on or about the 23d ult., Gen. Santa Anna with 2000 men had an engagement with about 400 Americans at Tehuacan, and that eight men had been killed on the American side. By this train the dates from Orizaba are to the 25th, and from Cordova to the 7th. Colonel Bankhead is Governor of the former city, with a command of 1200 men, consisting of 13th infantry, the Alabama Battalion, a company of Dragoons under Lieut. Dorn, and various detachments of infantry. Col. Stockton, of the Michigan Volunteers, is Governor of Cordova, and his regiment forms the garrison at that point. A company of Alabama Voluuteers is also stationed there, but would come down to Vera Cruz with the first train. Another garrison is to be stationed at Paso del Macho, under the command of Major Juile, of the Michigan regiment who will have two companies of the same regiment with him, and such other force as will be thought neces sary to command that place. The following is from the Free American of the 24th ult : A company of Louisiana volunteers, who fancied themselves enlisted as cavalry only, and who hesitated to do infantry dutv when ordered, were yesterday morning sent to the castle by order of Brig. Gen. Twiggs. Previous to embarking the general gave them a "war talk,"5 the severity of which will certainly deter them from any attempt to repeat the offence, and we fear the ringleaders will suffer a heavy penalty. FROM THE CITY OF MEXICO. The cMes from the city of Mexico are to the 26th of February. Letters written that day say that an armistice for two months would be signed by Gen. Butler the following day. Our correspondent at Vera Cruz agrees with the Free American that such an armistice had been arranged and determined upon. We have no letters from the city of Mexico so late as the 26th ult., and the New Orleans sailed so soon after the arrival of the express from the capital, that the news by it had not finally transpired. Our latest papers from the city of Mexico are to the 19th ult., but our extracts from the papers will be best introduced by the following letter from our excellent correspondent, 'D. S." Mexico, Feb. 19, 1S48. You will find in the enclosed extracts from the Star, all the news worth mentioning. Among other things is a translation of a letter from Santa Anna, iu relation to bis escape. Tehuacan, and of a note soliciting- fiom his Government a passport to leave the country. His charge upon Gen. Lane's command' of having taken his plate is false, and his insinuation, as to the conduct af the General while in Tehuacan needs no refutation in the U. States. The spleen he vents is in some measure excusable, since he was driven out of Tehuacan bv our troops without time being given him to get on his "new uniform," and since he was driven out of Oajaca with as little ceremony by his own countrymen. A man thus made a shuttle cock of, may be allowed some displays of temper, which though directed by nis char acteristic disregard ot truth, win narni no one. General Cushing, with an escort of two companies of Dragoons, left here on the 15th for Puebla, to assist in organizing the court of Inquiry appointed to investigate the unfortunate difficulties between the general otlicers here It is understood that on the court being organ ized, it will adjourn to this city, and here transact its business. On Sunday night a Texan Ranger named Adam Alsence, of Capt. Robert's company, was attacked by a number of Mexicans in the suburbs of the city, and killed. He was man gled in a brutal manner, and the Texans. exas pera ted at the cruel death of their comrade, sauied into the streets the next evening, to the number of fifteen or twenty, and proceeding to the quarter where Alsence was killed, took fearful vengeance upon a party whom they found armed with pistols and knives. Seventeen of the Mexicans are reported killed, and forty wounded. Alsence was a German had served in Bonaparte's cavalry, and was a good andfaithful soldier. Yesterday Colonel Jnckson, bearer of des

patches from Washington, arrived withat small escort from Vera Cruz iu six days.- Shortly after his arrival it was known that be brought despatches both to Generals Scott attd Butler, and the inference was at once drawn that the former was recalled, and the latter placed in chief command of the Army. This proved true, and enclosed you will find the farewell address of the late general-in-chiefto the army. It is brief, pointed, and feeling. Now that he is leavingthesceneofhisgloriousexploits, those who shared danger and victory with him in many a great battle, weeplike children parting with a favor. His recall may possibly nave an effect upon the treaty, should it ever be returned fiom the United Slates ratified. No doubt the gentleman who succeeds him, will do all that he thinks his duty requites, but General Scott had identified his fame with a peace as the result of his operations in this valley, and would have exerted himself more than any other man to bring the war to a close. He, too, from his longer residence here, has a be iter ac

quaintance with the Mexicans, and, therefore knows better bow to operate upon them. It is added, that the despatches bring orders to restore the swords of Gens. Pillow Worth and Col. Duncan. If I can before the mail leaves, I will learn the certainty of this. Gen. Lane, with the same command he had in his expedition to Tehuacan and Orizaba, left here about one o'clock in the afternoon, day before yesterday, and took theGuadaloupe road. The expedition is a secret one, and nanv are theconjuctures as to his destination. From the road taken, the most plausible supposition is, that the General is after Jarauta, or Rea, We copy from the American Star of the 19th ult., the following article in regard to General Scott's withdrwal from the command of the armv in Mexico in obedience to the orders of his government, regretting extremely that the whole farewell address of the Commander-in. chief has not reached us, It has, unaccountably, been lost. Major Gen. Scott.' By reference to general orders it will be seen, that Gen. Scott has turned over the command of the army to Maj. General Butler. We promised to inform our readers of this when officially advised on '-he subject, and we now do so, though with re gret. Although we were told in Puebla that the general had requested to be relieved, when active operations ceased, we were not prepared to receive the news that such had been the case. We do not think that either the Gov. eminent or Gen. Scott's inclinations should take him from the army until a peace is made. He has accomplished so much and against such a great odds; that we regret to see him part with his companions in arms, and we have no hesitation in saying thatsuch are the sentiments of the American army. It matters nt bow accomplished and gallant his successor may be, under the circumstance bis place cannot be filled, and if we know Gen. Butler, we believe that will echo that sentiment, for he is not so weighed down by ambition as to applaud the recall, although the act places him in command of the proudest army in the world. Winfield Scott, this morning, takesleave officially of the army, of that gallant band with which he has carried his and their names upon the highest point of fame's column. Many an eye will fill with tears this morning, when they read this last order. Even in his short order he pays the following deserved compliment to bis successor a brother officer, who was his companion in arms in 1812, as he was here until to-day. "In taking official leave of the troops he has so long had the honor personally to command in an arduous campaign a small part of whose glory has been, from his position, reflected on the senior officer Major General Scott is hap py to be relieved by a general of established merit and distinction 111 the service of his coun try." The latest dates from Queretaro are to the 17th ult. The American Star of the 19th thus sums up the news: Uueretaro 'Advices have been received from the Seat of Government up to Thursday last. Several new deputies had arrived, but the meeting of Congress was going 011 very slowly and some were beginning to loss all pa tience, The writeradds that the passport asked for San ta Anna, by Sr. Tngueros, has been made out for him. The Arco Iris, of the 1st inst., has rumors that Santa Anna has changed his mind abou leaving the country, and that he was about to try his fortunes again amidst the internal con vulsions which threaten to distract the nation He is represented as being in the neigborhood of Tehuacan, at the head of eighty followers. His design is said to be to unite his fortunes with the Vice Governor of San Luis and Gen Alvarez, and then march upon Queretaro, overthrow the Government of Pena j PenaT and establish a Dictatorship. But before execut ing this grand design, he proposed striking a blow at the Americans, in order to. recover credit with his countrymen. The Arco Iris puts as little faith in the projectas we do; but that Santa Anna is still lurking about Te huacan there would appear to be 110 doubt. Without further preface we proceed to ex tract copiously from that excellent journal, the American Star, extracts from which have been sent us by our correspondent. Tke latest previous number of the Star received was that of February 13th, From the Star of February 17th. Queretaro The Armistice. The Monitor of yesterday announces that Sen. Mora y Villimill, one of the commissioners on the part of the Mexican government to negotiate an ar mistice, has arrived in the city, and thatSenor Quijano is hourly expected. The QuerMaro correspondent of the same journal says that Herrera continued very ill, and that the story that the house of Drusina & Mackintosh had made a contract to furnish 'means to the government was un found. On the other hand, the Monitor prefers that matters should remain in their present lamentable state, rather than accede to the exhorbitant proposition of the firm just mentioned. mere were thirty deputies and nine senators present on the 13th inst., ( Suuday last.) The city was infested with ladrones of all kinds, who were robbing the people with impunity, without aay effort on the part of the authorities to arrest them. The dilligence had been frequently robbed by these ladrones, who abound not only in the city, but in the suburbs. The writer thinks the government is too much occupied with negotiating a peace to attend to public matters. We are glad to see that the members are beginning to make their appearance at Queretaro At our last advices, there were but twenty-four deputies now there are thirty. We think the severe penalties which are to be enforced upon the recusant members, will have the effect of bringing them to their senses. The Toluca diligence was again robbed yesterday at the Rio Hondo. All the passengers, numbering twelve, were robbed, and an Amer ican soldier, who was going up to Toluca, was taken out to be shot, but at the instance of a woman was saved.

5 Toluca. A person who came in from Toluca vpswlav sava that the night before a Mexi-

rn 11 mounted, and well armed, rode into the plaza, and after cutting around on his horse tor a lew minutes, approacueu auu uicmi of our officers, saying at the time "I am orfe of the men of Alvarez."' The citizens of the" place,- believing that Alvarez was near them, became greatly excited, and Gen. Cadwalader had some of his command turned out. Thp. Mexican manaaed to escape before his arrest. Zacatecas, after a long silence has spoken, and recognizes the government of Pena y Pena. . From the American Star of February 13. The merchants whose goods have been taken bv robbers on the road to Toluca, and who went out to buv back their property, told the editor of Ell Monitor that the alcalde of Santa Fe had been kilh dday before yesterday by the robbers, because he had taken part against them. Lower CaliforfiA. 'Advices from MazatIan have been received to the 30th January. The guerrillas, under Mijares, made an attack upon the Cape, (Lower California) and were completely routed Mijares and many other Mexicans being killed. La Paz, further, north in the Peninsula, was also the scene of a sanguinary conflict, between the guerrillas, under Capt. Pineda, and the Americans. The place was reduced to ashes by the fire that took place between the" combatants. The Mexicans were finally compelled to retire. There are rumors of other engagements, but nothing to be relied on. Attack upun a Patrol and its serious Result Night before last, the 14th, between 7 and 8 o'clock, as the patrol; stationed hear the Plazuela del Carmen was passing through a neighboring street, accompanied by the officers of the guard, it was stoned and fired upon by a body of Mexicans. We cannot learn that then was the least provocation. The attack seemed to be a concerted matter, quite a large body of "Greasers being armed with pistols. They were fired upon by the patrol, and took flight into a neighboring street, where they were suddenly met by a second patrol, the firing also brought out the Texas Rangers; quartered.in that vicinity, when a general melee fol m 111 1 1 lowed. I he resul t was, nine Mexicans killed and some forty or fifty taken prisoners, and placed in charge of the polite near el Carmen. No American was iniured. The officers of the guard were extremely vigilant, and shot several of the attacking party. FOURTH DESPATCH OF MAJOR DOWNING. private, To James K, Polk, President of the Uuited States, and nearly half of Mexico certain, with a pretty tolerable fair chance yet for the whole. City of Mexico, Doubtful Territory, February 14,1648. Dear Colonel; If any body asks j ou that imprudent question again, "Whatare we fightin for?" jest tell him he's a goose, and don't know what he's talking about, for we aint fightinatall; we've got peace now; got an armistice, they call it; so there's no sense at all in their putting that question to you any more. We've got the opposition fairly on the hip upon that question, if no other; fairly gagged 'em; they can't say to you any longer now, "What are we fighting for?" This is some consolation for the shabby trick Trist has served us. That fellow has made a bargain with the Mexicans to stop the war, in spite of the orders you sent to him to come right home and let things alone. I felt uneasy about it when I see him hanging about there so long after he got his orders to come home, and 1 said to him, once or twice, "Mr.Trist, what's the reason vou don't go off home, and mind the President? This unlawful UVtUIJl SO KU VISUIIJ 14 Ol IO I (IV III a "Why, Major," says he, "he that does his master's will, does right, whether he goes according to orders or not. The President sent me out here to make peace, and it's a wonder to me if I don't fix it yet, somehow or other before I've done with it." And then he pu his finger to the side of his nose and give me a sassy look, as much as to say, Major Downing you Detter not try to be looking into diplomat .u: i ... .' j r.. iu iiiM.-jyi umi a iuu uctrp lor juu. Says I, "Mr. Trist, I'm astonished at you; thought you was a man of more judgement, and looked deeper into things. Don t you see what advantage it gives the President to let thing now stand jest as they bef lie solleri'd peace to tne Mexicans, and they have refused it Therefore, the opposition at home can't cry out against him any more if he goes ahead with the war. lie s shet their mouths up 011 that score lies made the war popular, and can go into the Presidential campaign now with a good chance ot being elected another term. Am now 11 you go to dabtiiin 111 the business any more, I'm sure you'll do mischief. As things now stand, peace is the last thing 111 the world that the f resident wants, xouvedone your errand here and got your answer, and it a mm ed out jest right; we can go on with our annex in an iviexico now, witnoutsucn an everiast ing growling among the opposition at home, for we've offered the Mexicans peace, and they would'nt take it. So you've uothin to tlo now but to be off home", for the war is jest in the right shape as it is." Well now, after all this plain advice for felt it my duty to be plain with him he still kept hanging about here, day afterday and week aiter weeK, ana me nrst thing l knew we was took all back by being told that Mr Trist had made a treaty and General Scott was to order an armistice. 1 could nt hardly believe my ears at first. I posted right off to Gen. Scott to know what it all meant. "General," says I, "are you going to order an armistice? "Yes, Major Downing," says he: "Mr. Trist and the Mexican Commissioners have signed tne preliminaries 01 a treaty, so ol course we shall have an armistice." "Well now, General," says I, "Idon't think the f resident will thank you for that." "Can t help that," says he, "I must obey the orders ot the uovernment, thanks or no thanks. And when Mr. Trist was sent out here to make a treaty, 1 was directed whenever a plan of a treaty should be signed on both sides, to order an armistice, and wait for the two Govern ments to ratify the treaty. Well. Mr. Trist and the Mexican Commissioners have at last nxed up some kind ol a bargain and signed it. and of course according I o my orders we have nothing to do but to stand still and wait for the two Governments to clinch the nail." But," says 1, "Gineral, you know Mr. Trist has no right to make a treaty any more than have, for the President has ordered him to come home; and if he has made a treaty, it's no better than a piece ofblaukpaper.and you shoud'nt minait. "Don't know any thing about them matters." says he, "1 can't go behind the curtain to in quire what little mancsuvers are going on be tween ine rresident and his Commissioner. Mr. Trist came out here with his regular commission to make a treaty. He has brought me a treaty, signed by himself and lha Mexican Commissioners; and my orders are to cease hostilities. Of course we can do no thin els but halt and stack arms. "ieu. savs 1. "iiinerai 11 aint riohi- iic bad business; it '11 break up this grand annexin . - . .... r : . --- plan that was jest going on so nice that we might a got through with it in a year or two more; and then it will bother the President most to death about his election for the second term. That treaty must be stopped; it must'ut be sent home: and I'll eoright and see Mr. Trist about it." So off 1 went and hunted up Mr. Trist. and had a talk with him. Savs I, "Trist. how's this? They tell me you've been makins a trea. j ty with the Mexicans."

"Should'nt wonder if I had," says he: "that' jestwhat Icomeout here for." ' ;Wf 11, 1 must say, sir." says I, "I think this is a pretty piece of business. How do you dare to do such a thing? You know the Presidestjhas ordered you home!' "Yes," says he, "and I mean to go home as soon as I get through the job he sent me to do," Well, now," says I, "Trist, I claim to know what the President is about, and what he wants, and I'm his confidential friend and private embassador out here, and I shall take the liberty to interfere in this business., This highhanded doifigs of ybiifri must be nipt off in the . bud. What sort of a bargain have you been making? Jest let rfle look at that treaty." "Can't do it," says be; "it's half way to Vera Cruz by this time ; I sent it off yesterday' Blood and thunder!" says I, "then" ym have knocked the whole business in the head, stare enough. You've committed an outrageous crime, sir, and a great shame; and don't you know, sir, that great crimes deserve great punishments? I don't know what Col. Polk will do; but I know what my friend old Hickory would do if hs was alive ; he would hang you right up to the first tree he ccukl corneal." "What, hang me for doing jest what I was sent here to do?" says he. "For I've made jes t such a bargain as the President told me to' make; only a leetle better one." "That's nothing here nor there," says I, "you? know circumstances alters cases. And" yod know well enough, or ought to have sense enough to know, that as things now stand, the. President don't want a treaty. Now, says Mr.Trist, answer me one plain question : Do youthink you have any right at all o make a trea--ty after the President has ordered you home ?" "Well," says he, "I think circumstances alters cases too ; and when the President ordered me home, I suppose he thought I could'nt get through the job he sen't me to do. ButI thought I could, and so I kept trying, and I've got thro' with it at last, and done the business all up according to my first orders ; and I don't seewhy the President should'nt ba well satisfied."

"Well," says I, "what's the items of the bargain? What'have you agreed upon?" "Why," says he, "we have the whole of Texas clear to the Rio Grande; we have all of New Mexico, and all of Upper California. And we pay the Mexicans fif teen millions of dallars, and pay our own citizens five millions that the Mexicans owed them. And we stop firing, draw our charges from the guns that are loaded, and go home." "Well, now," says I, "Trist, don'tyou think you are a pretty feller to make such a bargain as that at this time of day? The President will be mortified to death about it. Here we've been fightin near about two years to make the Mexicans pay over that five millions of dol lars they owed our people, and now you've agreed that we shall put our hands in our own pockets and pay it ourselves. The whole plan of the war has been carried on by the President upon the highest principles to go straight ahead and 'conquer a peace,' inan-fashion; and now you've agreed to back out of the scrape, and buy a peace, and pay the money for it. You kuow very well the President has declared, time and again, that the war should goon till we got indemnity for the pas', and security for the luure them's his own words and now you've agreed to settle up without getting one jot of either. For the past, we are at least a hundred millions of dollars out of pocket, besides losing ten or fifteen thousand men. As for the men, I spose ou may say we can offset them against the Mexicans we have killed, and as we have killed more than they have, may be it foots up a little in our favor, and that's the only advantage you've secured. As for the hundred millions of,dollars, we dont get a penny of it back. So all the indemnity you get for the past is a few thousand dead Mexicans that is, as n any as remains after subtracting whtit they've killed of them. But the cap-sheaf of your bargain is the 'security for the future.' The cities and towns 'and castles that we have fit so hard to take, and have got our men into, and all so well secured, you now agree to give. email right up again to the enemy, and march our men off home with their fingers in their mouths; and that's our security for the future. Asfpr the fifteen millions of dollars you agree to pay for New Mexico and California, you might jest as well a thrown the money into the sea, for they was ours afore, they was already conquered and annexed, and was as much ours as if we had paid the money for 'em." Here 1 turned 011 my heel and left him , for I was so disgusted at the conr,Mct of Ihe feller that I wouldn't have any more ::!k with him. And now, my dear Colonel, there is nothing for us to do but to look this business right in the face and make the best we can of it. If there was any way to keep the thing out of sight, it would be best for you to throw the treaty into the fire as soon as you can get it, and send word 011 to Gineral Scott to go ahead again. But that is impossible; it will be spread all over the country and known to every body. And I'm convinced it will be the best way for you to turn rightabout, make out to be glad of what can't be helped, and accept the treaty. The nominations for President is close at hand, and you must get ready to go into the election for your second term on what you've got, and make the best show you can vt ith it. If you should reject the treaty, the opposition would get the advantage of you again; they would then cry out that the Mexicans had asked for peace and you had refused it; aud there would be no end to their growling about this oppressive war cf invasion. But if you accept the treaty, it puts an end to their grumbling about the war. To pacify our friends that are very eager for the whole of Mexico, you must tell 'em to look out and see how much we have already got; keep tellin of 'em that half a loaf is better than no bread; tell 'em to keep quiet till after your next election is over, and may be you'll contrive some plan to be cutting into 'tother half. Keep Mr. Ritchie blowing the organ, all weathers, to the tune of half of Mexico for a song. Tell the whole country, and brazen it out to everybody, that you've made a great bargain, a capital bargain, much better than Jefferson made when he bought Louisiana for fifteen millions of dollars; tell 'em for the same sum of money you have got a great deal more land. and more men on it. I'm satisfied this is the best ground to take: we must go for the treatv and, bitter pill as it is, we must swallow it as though we loved it. 1 spose it will have to go before the Senate, as the constitution ' now stands, (the constitution is very defective on mat pint, and ought to be mended, for it s dan gerous trusting important matters to the. Sen ate;) but you must drive vour friends all uo to lor 11; uon 1 lei i. lau on no account; don t let'em go to fineerin it over and nuttint, in amendments that will make the Mexicans r mad that they will kick it all overasain. Fnr that would put things into such a hurly-burly I'm afraid you would lose your election. Ratify the treatv. and then pathpr nn oil 4V. A glory that's been made out of this war, twist it into a sort of glory wreath round vour head and march with a bold step and a "stiff upper lip right into the Presidential campaign, and I should nt wonder if you beat the whole bunch ui mi your enemies and all your friends. And iuu weni into vnnr Km-nnA Strfnath rtf hnl f f Vf 11 . term on the . D... . .... , i.iCMtu, u wouia be a pretty good sign that you go into a third term on the. strength of the whole of it. I remain your faithful friend MAJOR JACK DOWNING. Startling Fact. Gov. Brioae i.,0m. peran.ee "ting m Faneuil Hat,' Boston, fl luesday evenine wept tnj .ui. ' n,t of the committee annmnti . g-rd to the idiots in themm onTea tl

wnu mere were from 1,200 to 1 300 of1 E p'arSS1'200 f lhem br