Evansville Weekly Journal, Volume 14, Number 1, Evansville, Vanderburgh County, 24 February 1848 — Page 2

THE EVANSVILLE JOURNAL. frinted and published BY WM. H. CHANDLER & c6.

The Tri-Weekly Journal is published on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays, at $4,00 per annum, in advance. The Weekly Journal is published on Thursdays. at 2,00 per annum, in advance. FOR PRESIDENT: ZACHARY TAYLOR. CITY OF EVANSVILLE: THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 24, 1919. WABASH AND ERIE CANAL. In consequence of the numerous inquiries made as it regards the prospect of our canal, one of our citizens thought it would best relieve public anxiety by addressing a letter, and obtaining his answer, to Charles Butler, Esq., of the city of New York, who it is well known is the agent of the bond-holders, and for them negotiated the bill of last winter, from our legislature, which arranged pur public debt.and secured the making of the canal to this place. Mr. Butler is also one of the Trustees of the canal. We have understood there have been some who have felt an apprehension, that the Trustees did not intend to carry out their promises in good faith iu finishing the canal to this place. Such an idea appears to us absurd, foron failure to do it, the whole contract made by the bond-holders, is forfeited. Not only do they forfeit their canal bonds, in whichis expressly inserted a condition that they complete the canal to this point, aiid- all the advances they have made or shall make onaccount of it, but the Slate would be discharged from obli gation to pay those, which in consequence of this arrangement, were thrown upon the State. It will be remembered, that those of our publid debtors who surrendered their bonds, had new bonds given them-one half to is paid by the proceeds of the canal, the other by the State We subjoin extracts from the letter above referred to, so far as relates to this subject. In regard to the Canal, I assure you that I am gratified to have you write me so frankly; and your views and opinions will always command my sincere respect and I hope you will never hesitate to address me with entire freedom. It seems to me that you over look one very important view of the case. The Trustees have decided on tije pla'n' of finishing the Canal to Evansville, and have published it to the world, not only in thejr report, byi in the newspapers, and have eta ted the time, a3 nearly as they could, when the different divisions of the tutir tin will be put under contract. 'Now we conceive that intelligent men in examining into the plan of progress adopted, will some to the conclusion, that, the Trustees have adopt ed the very best plan to secure the tnd,xiz:'m the pom pletion to Evansville and any one,iu looking at the work to be done, and the cost of each division of that work, would see at a glance that if the Trustees were toouday any considerable anpunt of nuney, in the first instance u pou the southern end of the-line, that they would inevitably break down in other words, their funds would fail before they eoujd possibly finish the work. I am sure that you misapprehended my letter to Judge Law, when I have spoken of th? southern end of the Canal,! have, always had the Canal from Terre Ifaute to Evansillj in ray mind, as constituting the southern end or portion of the main line, regarding the entire .Canal from the State line to the Ohio river I never have entertained or expressed tny idea in conversation; or in letters, different from ifaat which has bean cdopteJ viz: to finish as w go and to go as fast as our means will justify, till we get to the end. In settling finitely uixm the plan of completing the tire line from Terre Haute to Ev ansville, and advertising to place some 40 miles of . that line under contract in May, to be followed up by other letting of the remaining portions at slated periods, as fast as circumstances would justify I did feel that my Iriends at Evansville would see in this action the most satisfactory proofs of the wise action of the Trustees, insuring the certain completion, of the Canal, in the the shortest possible time. As 1 am obliged to keep my eye constantly on the enly mtans or resources provided, and which can be relied 13 to finish the work, J am convinced that no greater oi more fatal error could possibly be committed by the Trustees than to spend a dollar of money where , ;t would "not tell in the construction. We shall gaii strength now as we prcci-ed for we shall be extending the Cana. rapidly dencn. into tbeVincennes Land DujrUt among our tanda making them valuable aad insuring sales at fair prjees. We have experienced great difficulty iu" obtaining labor, and unless we can get labor into the country, we thall be delayed very much. I have had a notice addressed to Emigrants, contractors and laborers, extensively published in the German papers in this Country inviting them to come into that Vincennes District, and work on the Canal, sad settle on the lands I hope you will take pains to send all such 33 come to Evansville upon the line. .or if they prefer to settle in back of Evansville, they can do so with the entire certainty that the Canal is coming down as fast as labor and meartacan bring it. Our friends at Evansville, should take pains to give a proper direction to this class of pers ns. In May, we have a large letting, and all who want work, can then get it. In order to jjidg? qf the best plan of pro.gressing with the work, you should be .'placed in the office of Trustee with the responsibility resting upon you of hiving the work don. It would be as great a disappointment to the Bond-holders to have it fail. as it would be to the citizen! of Evansville, and if my life is spared, I mean that wither shall be disappointed in that wished (or .consummation. I shall vi-it you when I go into Indiana again, (at least euch is . my determination,) and I have regretted not being able to do so last fall. Nothing but the most nnintermiting and confining labor at Terre II aiite for a month prevented me from doing so. Truly, your friend, CHARLES BUTLER. The Loan Bill. It will be seen from the proceedings of Congress under the telegraph head that the bill for .the negotiation of a new loan of 616.0C0.0O0 has passed the House of Representatives, Mr. .Kay's substitute proposjj the issue of $16,000,000 '.of Treasury notes instead of the negotiation of a loan having been defeated by a majority of one rote. . The Matamoros Flag, say?: The collection of internal taxes goes oh swimmingly. We ucderstand. says the Flag, that nearly 810,090 Jiave been received by Qapt. Chapman within the last month, without including the tax for merly collected by the central government of Mexico. Assessment rolls are being made out or the latter, which, when added to the State, irityarid other ta 12s collected here, will swell the receipts to a handsome mm. It was reported by Maxicans, recently arrived at Matarr.oros from the interior, that VoT TTrnnn lpT! fiovernor of the State of T ai viiuu-v- r mau'.ipas Uca. Canaies, nnn uoi vrrascu concocted a scheme having for its object tl independence of the Nonnern mates 01 iu-x. (in nnw rndeavorins to ob-

teincouverts to their views. Canales, we believe, has been outlawed by- 's govern mea , ,sd tL coloaa i ia rather bad odor with ail. '

Despatches by the Magnetic Telegraph. ADDITIONAL FOREIGN NEWS BY THE-JUBERNIA. . : ; -t " : m - . -. Liverpool, January 30. Flour is scarce and heldfttlast prices. Wheat has declined 2d per bushel, but at the lastaccounts symptoms of improvements began to be manifested. Corn ineal is unchanged and the marke t dull. Money is abundant. Consols are quoted at 89 J aS9J and market unsettled. The influx of specie has beeiA-erylarge. "- " . Business in ihe manufacturing districts is improving and but few failures of minor im-

porta nee have tafcen place. At London on the 2st, American flour was held firm" with offers to buy at lower rates. Grain had declined On the 24th, a further decline tf 2s per quarr ter jn wljeat was experienced. Flour, with the exception of the finest brands, was still de clining. - On the 26th, but little business was done and prices were steady. On the 23th the market was inactive, but prices were fully maintained. Iron was unaltered. Several furnaces had been compelled to stop. 'j The most reliable quotation for flour is 27s 6d to 23a for best Ami rican descriptions and market dull, Willmer's European Times quotes fine leaf lard at E8s to 60s in kegs and bbls, and 4S a 5Cs L r ordinary descriptions, The principal failures that have transpired have induced the stoppage of several Indian houses. The Wales Bank has resumed busiuess. Thi disturbances in .the mining dis'ricts, caused by'the striking of the workmen, continues. Hope & Co., in a circular, invite the holders of Louisiana bonds to deliver them up with acquiescence, in the proportion agreed upon, at the Louisiana Citizeu Bank. Cardinal Massina died at Rome. Abdel Ivadar, in his imprisonment, is treated with great rigor, because he refuses to write a letter of thanks to the King for his hospitable reception. , The Indian news by this arrival is unimpor tant. . , . ? CONGRESS. Washington, Feb. 17, 9 P. M. The Senate was called to order at the usual hour, and proceeded to the consideration cf the regular morns ug business. Mr. Dickinson's resolutions were takeji up and Mr. Yulee advocated his amendment to the resolutions at some length. Mr. Rusk sp o!se in favor of the ten-regiment bill." He was for prompt and energetic action on our part, and would not be satisfied with any boundary short of the Sierra Madre, with a total and unqualified relinquishment of -the Californias by Mexico. In the House of Representatives, the morn ing business was mostly of an" unimportant character. "' ' On motion, the House resolved itself into a Committee of the Whole and proceded to the consideration of the loan bill. . The question, after considerable debate, was taken on Mr. McKay's substitute, to Mr. Yinton's amendment, providing for the issue of S16,000:000, of Treasury notes. The yeas and nays being called thereon it waslost by one majority. The previous question was then called and had, and the original bill was passed. Washington, Feb. 18,9 P. M. . The President called the Senate to order," and it proceeded to the consideration of the morning business. Mr. Ashley, from the Committee on the Ju diciary reported a -bill relating to the district courts of Michigan. An amendment was offered, and, after much discussion it was rejected. The bill was then passed. A bill relative to the compensation of postmasters was reported from the same committee read a third time and passed. Mr. Baldwin submitted a resolution, declining on the part of the United States the revenue collected in Mexico, and that all such moneys ought to be applied to the payment of the claims of our citizens against that country,. The Yice President laid before the Senate a report from the Secretary, of the Treasury, which was ordered to be printed. A bill for the relief of the widow of Major McRea was passed. On motion, all further business was aside laid in order to take up the special order of the tlay the ten -regiment bill. Mr. Green spoke at some length in opposition to the bill. Mr Mason then obtained the floor, and the Senate adjourned over until Monday. In the House of Representatives, Mr. Haralson, from the Committee on Military Affairs, reported a bill providing for the past services of volunteers. The bill was debated at some length without any definite action, when on motion, it vas laid over. A bill was also reported appropriating some public laud to aid in the construction of a railroad in Georgia. Considerable debate ensued upon it. On motion, said bill was referred to Committee on Public Lands. the The Womes ofTuekey. A writer in Blackwood says: "The lot of this portion tf the Musselmau population is much less unhappy than one would be led to expect. They cer tainly hold a secondary station to society; but, brought up as they are in the most cornplete isnorance! thev are unconscious ofilieir detfraLV j ed position, and know not there is a better. 3 they are, in general, treated very kindly by their buabands and masters, and do not under "go, as it supposed, either capricious or brutal treatment. Although in Europe they still believe a Turk to be constantly surrounded by a multitude of odalisks; at Constantinople there ro vrv fw Osmardees who have thrpp rr q wjves. and even lhese 0(lge ia e . aratean!,ionSt jn general far distant from each other. Almost all the Turks, with the exception of the very few above mentioned individuals, possess, in general, but one wife, to whoia they are most faithful."

Muedee of a Child by its Mother, and Soicideofthe Mother. One. of the most painful tragedies, says the Rochester Advertiser of the 8th inst., which has been our province to record, occurred in Irondequoit, about four miles from this city, on Sunday evening, being no less than the murder of an infant child by its mother, and the suicide of the mother by hanging! The circumstances, as far as we have been able to gather them, at this early hour, are as follows: On the evening in question, between 6 and? o'clock, Mrs. Barnard, w jfe of Alanson Barnard, one of the constables of Irondequoit, requested her husband to go to a neighbor's and procure a pail of milk. Mr. B. was absent something like an

hour, having stopped to talk, as is usual amongst neighboring families, and returned home between 7 and 8 o'clock. On reaching the door of his house, he was met by a little girl, some eleven years of age, who said to him thathe '-'could not find her ma." Running hastily into the house, he examined the beds in the several rooms, the outhouse, &x, making a loud noise at the same time to attract the attention of the neighbors one or two of whom came irre few minutes By this tima'a light had been procured by the little girl, and the house thoroughly examined, and on proceeding to the cellar, Mrs. Barnard was found suspended by the neck with a handkerchief to a beam On looking further they discovered her infant child, about eleveu days old, lying dead in bed, who appeared to have been strangled. From the story of the little girl it seenis that soon after Mr. Barnard left, the mother remarked that she was sleepy, and would lie down for awhile and proceeded to the bed-room for that purpose wheii it is supposed she strangled the child. In a short time she camerfflo the room occupied by the little girl, and told her to go and get in to her place iii the bed, and lie still not to stir wheu the mother undoubtedly proceeded to the cellur, and put an end to her own life as stated above. Nj possible cause can-be as signed for the commission of this rash act. The mother wasan amiable, pleasant woman, agreeably situated, and highly "regarded by ner lamily, and her friends, tor some, time, however, she had occasionally exhibited a dis taste for company, and went less frequently amongst her friends and neighbors, inclining rather to a melancholy state of mind. .After the birth of her child, on the-20i.h. ult., she was extremely cheerful, and recovered in health very rapidly, so much so that she had partaken of her meals with the family for' two or three days. On the day on which the sad act was committed, she came to the table both at moruing and noon, and nothing was discovered dif ferent from her usual manner. The only solution thatcan be given, is in the supposition that in a sudden fit of derangement' produced by childbirth fever, he put an end to her own and the life of her offspring. She was about thirty-two years of ag- and leaves a husband and four children. Coronet Frost held an in quest on the bodies yesterday, aud the jury re turned a verdict in the case of the mother of death from suicide, probably the result of in sanity; and in the case of the child, death from some cause to the jury unkno wn. There were no marks of violence on the child; lut at that age it could have been easily smothered with out leaving any appearance of ioul play. The Cholera.-All accounfs. from the Old World'show that America must inevitably be vibited, and that shortly, by the terrible scourge of Cholera; and, as yet, nothing is done either by national, Sttite, or municipal authorities, to prepare for it. Most of our readers tvill re member that the Cholera of 1832 and 1833 was .preceded by a remarkably mild and humid win der Lke the one now passing: If this be not proof of what may be expected, it certainly is a remarkable coincidence, as in both instances accounts of Cholera in Europe reached this country aV the same season. We look for some slight attacks before the dawn of another new year, and its prevalence, as a pestilence, du ring the spring and summerof 18-18. BickneU's Reporter suggests that a commission be ap pointed to visit the scenes of the pestilence, to inquire minutely intp its history, and ascertain the best prevential aud remedial measures. We heartily endorse the proposition! Wi.ile, how ever, we perform every possible preparatory duty, let the dread enemy be met without fear Mr. Dawson says, in relation to the Cholera of 1832, that it was generally remarked that the most pefect immunity was amongst those who combined habits of cleanliness, temperance and industry, with a happy and tranquil mind Jear being reckoned among the most active causes 01 the. disease; a proposition borne out by the medical men who visited the sick, and who generally escaped all attacks. N. Y. The Goveemnent's Enormous Expenditures Frightful Increase op theNational Debt Modes of Pa yj eg it. 'lnuependent," the Washington correspondent of the Philadelphia Nonh American, writes as follows in his letter of the 9ih inst.: We are now going on at a cost of fully scnty millions -of dollars a year, against Iwcniysix millions of annual resources, which are diminishing dailv, leaving a deficiency of fortyfour millions. When it is proposed to aug ment the revenue by increasing the duties on imports aud by extending a fair protection to iron, coal, and other large domestic interasts that are now severely buffering, the Administion answers, "the taiilx oi 4b shall not be touched." When it is proposed to raise three millions from tea and coffee, the detnagogueswho brought on this war, skulk from the responsibility of supporting it, and vote "it down, lor tear ol losing their seats. v hen a direct tax ol hve millions is proposed", the President's organ de nounces it furiounsly, fearing nothing but its dangerous effects upon the party. JSpw ask houi-rable and honest men, in it right for us to saddle the vastdebt of this Executive war 011 posterity? If i t is popular and just, the peopie will pay for it as they did in the last con test with Great Britain. But it is evident the President and his party dare not submit to such a test. They will not provide, a dollar of additional revenue, and now on the eve ot go ing out. of power, this Administration asks for scores ot millions to carry it through its career regardless of cost or consequences. All thev want is money to pursue their scheme of con quest, and in a shape through which their extravagance cannot be estimated until the con cern is regularly wound up. i T.hev resist any change ifi thetariff thev refuse to abandon the Sub-Treasury they hold on to everv party measure, and yet they have the audacity to demand treasury notes, to hide their iniquity and to carry them through the Pr-jsHleuUiil election.

REMARKS OF MR. GRAHAM OF PIKE CO

Against the engrossment of the bill ' incorpora ting the jvammue, V mcenncs ana 1 erre. Haute Railroad Company in the House, vf Representatives the Ut pj ttoruary, is-i. Mr. Speaker:. I feel a jreat interest in relation to this bill so do my constituents. My constituents. are one, and all,v ith the whole body of the State of Indiana, interested deeply in thisactofincorpoiation. In their baste t.o get through with the business before us, gentlemen must be careful what they do; although bills innumerable, incorporating railroads which are local intheir bearing, and influences, have passed; yet they must not take it for granted that all are so. By looking at the route contemplated by this act, Mr. Speaker, it will be seen that it runs from Evansville tolhetown of Terre Haute the very points eonnKted by the termination of the Wabash and Erie Canal. 2ow it is known by all that that Canal by the bill ol last winter, a solemn contract is granted to the bondholders, they releasing in consideration thereof the greater portion of our State debt. This railroad will most effectually interfere in the opera tions of that fanal can any doubt it ? At the furthest point, there js no't a distance exceeding thirty miles between the two routes. By- the fcButler BHI," all the privileges, facilities and ppurtenances belonging to said canal were granted by the State lb the bondholders. I his bnj then involves die faith of the State. . To pass this bill will be an infringement, 1 repeat, of the rights of the bondholders in The Wabash and Erie canal. Mr. Speaker, by the contract of 'ast winter, there was an advantage gained to the State of Indiana that should never be lost. By that arrangement, a large portion of nr public debt was wiped out, the credit of the St a te raised ta its f irmer height. Shall we then by our acts lose to ourselves these advantages, giv ing tif the bondholders the power over us they had, and blight again our StatecreJitl There is that beneath this project of which we are not apprised. What is it? Is the project of this railroad concocted by the agent of the bondholders? It is likely to be so. Who would gain more by the breaking of this contract than tlwse bondholders? No one. Look at it. Why this railroad, along side this canal; along side the Wabash river The citizens directly on the Wabash river do not want it, for ap propriations to improve it are being spent upon it to he amount of several thousands, th at it may be ren dered safely navigable. The citizens of Vincennes will not give one cen: towards the construction of this railroad; not one cent! Who is it then that wants the railroad? would not the bondholders then be glad for an opportunity to relieve themselves of a bad bargain? What would please them so well as an op portunity given by the State to fly from the ."bond?1' This railroad terminates at the town of Evansville, a point of termination also to the canal; the rail road begins fif. Terre Hautp, also where the canal touches; it where contemplated, would of course compete and successfully too, with the canal in parrying freight, thus' destroying all the benefit arising from the canal to the bondholders. What good would the canal be to them or the State in such event? Would not this be a breach of faith on the part of the State? -Would not this be an opportunity for them to fly from the contract, which is without any competition of any railroad, a bud bargain for them to whose benefit then would this railroad be? Why it is perfectly plain there is something at the bottom of the whole affair. Those bondholders have a land office, and agency at Terre Haute why arc those agents not here working against this bill? Why? Does it not look very much as if they were but. waiting for this legislature to throw the door open for an opportunity to again saddle upou this, and the coming generations a burdensome debt relieve themselves of an incumbrance? Mr. Speaker, I repeat there is no usef this railroad. The citizens along the route do not want it. run one side ol them they have the Wabash and Erie canuf,on the other the Wabash river, which is being ren dered navigable. It cannot assist the town of Evans ville more than the canal let that be finished; let it be rendered ofuse, tini; bed, and Evansville will do as well as with the railroad. But if you charter this company, you by iueffectually destroy the object; the usefuluesa of the canal you break in upon the pro visions ofihe bill of last winter; you infringe upon vested rights they, the bondholders will withdraw fromjhe arrangements made with them by the State. and thus by the act of the State herself have- placed her in the gulf of despair, from which she has but jnst raised herself and again be placed among non-paying States. I call upon geatlemen to reflect carefully upon what they are doing, and do nothing of which wrong may conic. ' . . Mr. Speaker, I must come to a close as I have detained t:.e House longer than I intended todo, but the people whom I have the honor to represent, have a great interest in the matter, and for them, I must and will stand up at all hazards, whether I meet the frowns of other members or not. - , . --- Laconic Correspondence. The Baltimore correspondent of the New York Herald, gives the following correspondence as having passed between Messrs. Johnson and Brent, prior to the settlement of their recent difficulties: ' " . " Mr. Johnson to Mr. Brent. Sir: You called me a liar in court, and I respectfully request a retractionv Mr. Brent to Mr. Johnson, Sir: You charged me in open court, with a violation of the courtesies of the bar, and not only refused to retract, but reasserted .it, which called forth tho accusation of falsehood from me. 1, theretore, cannot retract. Mr. JonssoN to Mr. Brent. Before I enter into an explanation of the language used by me you must withdraw the word falsehood. Mr. Brent to Mr. Johnson As you seem dispos ed to think an amicable adjustment of the matter may result from a temporary withdrawal of the language used by me please consider it temporarily withdrawn. . Mr. Johnson to Mr. Brent. Dear Sir: I was angry, and you were angry, I 6aid what I didn't mean, and you said what you didn't mean, .c. Hoping that this lucid explanation will be deemed satisfactory, &.C. . Mr. Br.ENT to Mr. Johnson. It. gives me great pleasuru to say that your explanation is entirely sat isfactory, and my offensive language is freely with drawn. Mr. Johnson to Mr. Brent. Your la9t pote ends our correspondence, and leaves us where our mis understanding found us friends. Recreation f or the Yocno. Tho following is an extract frum the remarks of Rev. Mr. Burton, at a re cent tern perance meeting in Boston: " "In conversation, a few days since, with a notori ous liipior soller, he said to him, "You see the evils which afflict the community by intemperance what shall we do to. rid ourselves of those evils?" This li-quor-sellw frankly replied, "Go on, sir," continue in the course you are pursuing and all will be right But one thing else you must do provide suitable amusements for tho young young men must have recreation, and if you do not provide it, they will come to ma for it." " - Mr Burton said he would take that reply as a text, and would like to have the whole city, and especially the Christians of the city, to hear his remarks upon it. Ho believed there was a want of proper amusements for the young, and until they were provided, the'evils of intemperance woulJ continue. He would have an Institute established where every one would go and obtain the recreation necessary forthehumansystem; not oaly innocent games now known should be practised, but he woujd put genius J.0 its test to invent others. He related many instances Which had come to his knowledge of young men from the country, full of hope and promise, who, for lack 6f other amusements, visited the dram-shops snd theatres, and had gone down to ruin. . ' "Another step reouiied, was that of elevating the Uate of jcoujBg men lor literary pursuits. - ,

AFFAIRS AT WASHINGTON. The Washington correspondent of the N.Y. Herald, although a Loccfoco by nature or calculation, has still a mischievious propensity to let out disagreeable truths, which he displays in the following letter: The Heads of the Committees Every year discloses, more and more, the responsible and important position of the chairmen of the lead

ing committees of the two houses of .Congress ifiey are the organs of communications between theexecutiveand legislative departments of the government. The whig party being in the ascendency iii the House of Representatives, the confidential persons in communication with the President and Secretaries, are necessarily the chairmen of the Senate committees. In a state of war, the chairmen of the Committets cf Foreign -Relations, of the Military, of. the Navy, of the Militia, and of the Judiciary, hold the most important posts. Has it ever occurred lo you to inquire who fill those high places in the Senate, and what great States or interests they represent? 'From the above named committees originate all the great measures which involve our national expenditures. Mr. Savier, from ArkSnsas, a State vvjth one representative in the House; presides over our loreignrelations. To him all treaties and negotiations for restoring peace tot.he country must be referred; herepresentsa State that, lor more than six years, has wholly neglected to pay one doliarof the principal or interest of its public .debt, and laughs its creditors ju the face. . la case money is to be raised to carry on the war.lArkansas would, contribute, if she paid her honest quota, not to exceed one dollar.out of every two hundred and, thirty required to be reisecU crabout eiglfty-five thousand dollars put of twenty millions. Sltr Ashley, from the same State, presides over the Judiciary; to him would be referred all judicial questions arising out of the belligerent attitude, of the two countries--the right to levy contributions in Mexico, &c. .. Mr. Cass, of Michigan,, presides over 4he military. cmmittee, which-originate the bills calling for the immense army expenditures. He comes from a State wi,lh thre representatives a State which has, also allowed its public credit to be dishonored, and its debt to remain unpaid. .. ''.-.. Mr. Yulee hails from the State of Florida, with one representative, He, presides over tiie naval committee a -State, which, when a Territory, contracted large debts, and substantially'repudiated them. . -. ' Mr. Rusk, of the new State of "Texas, over the militia of the Union a State, though it makes no offer of payment, it is understood has suggested a compromise with its creditors, at about ten cents on the dollar, upon a long credit. When these distinguished gentlemen find themselves liard pressed in the Senate, they call to their aid the Senators from Mississippi, Indiana, and HlinoisAvho are never behind hand in urging the outlay.of large sums for the war. Such are the confidential organs to communicate with the President and his cabinet. Well may they say drive on .the war the whole of Mexico it is our destiuy curse the expense! it reminds me of the famous game supper gived by soma of the genteel loafersabout ygur city, who invited their responsible and more respectable acquaintances to the entertain ment plied them with delicious viands, fruits and wines; but alas! the invited guests were lett to loot tne mils. FURTHER ITEMS OF MEXICAN NEWS Eds. Delta Two days ago some ten or twelve of 1st Tennessee Volunteers went out from San Angel (their present camp) some few miles, in search of one of iheir men who had been missing several days. . They were without arms, excepts a;small revolver, and while in their search they were attacked .oy about a hundred Mexicans with stones, club3 and knives. Thev succeeded in keeping the Mei icansat buy until all the shots vere fired from the revolver, when they were compelled to make an effort to' reach camp. Whiie the row was going on in the fields, Col. Burnham, of the N. Y. Regiment, happening to pass a road in the vicinity, observed that there was some thing serious afloat, immediately went to see what it was, hen he found one oi the men be longing to Company H., of the 1st Pennsylva nia Volunteers, dying lrom wounds lnnicted with a knife, and one or two others slightly hurt." He then sent to camp for assistance. Upon the arrival of the messenger, some of the Texan Rangers, who were already mounted immediately setut at full run for the scene of the disturbance, and arrived before the. main body of the assassins had lime lo escape. The revolvers of the Hangers soon settled the diffi culty. It is useless to say that no formal ceremonies were gone through with in chastising the Mexicans lor their unprovoked assult. tren. . Cushing reports 4 Mexicans killed. One of the Rangers told me he saw between 30 and 40 "dead creaters." Yesterday k a smalt party of Col. C. F. Smith's Police Guard of the city was fired on by a band of robbers or guerrillas occupying a house in the suburbs of the city. , Not deeming their lorce sufficient to assault they took a position that would prevent Ahair escape, and seut for a reinforcement., The doors were then forced, an l all its inmates captured except one, who jump ed out oi a window, mounted a horse, and dasned off at full speed. . , . " As he started off, he drew a pistol and fired it pack1nthe crowd without,, however, injuring any one. There was one of Jack Hay's Rangers, jstanding close by, apparently a silent spectator to the whole affai.r but as soon as the Mexican'fired his pistol, he leisurely drew his revolver, remarking, "ah, ha, my larkey, that's a game, that two can play at !" aud at the crack of his pistol, down tame the Mexican. 1 must tell you an anecdote thatoccurre'd the first day we arrived. The people had been told that the Ami ricans eat children, and all these pledges had been removed. Lieut. . M., of the dragoons, having heared of this story, accosted a man, and asked him il he knew where he could get "a nice fat boy for supper" adding that he was "very hungry." ' The astonished Mexican answered, with a doleful shake of-the head hay no" - "Well," said M., "as I'm hungry", I ain't particular let us have a little girl, then.'" The poor man, still more horrified, declared that there were none of those, in the village. M. then turned to him and inquired. "Well show me a market where I can get a nice piece 01 a iuu grown man. This was too much for the Indian, and he took to his heels and was off in the twinkling of a jack-knife. ' Col. Wm. Polk. Col. Fremost. The Washington correspondent sf the New York Courier and Enquirer writes in bis letter of the atn inst : Since the rejection of Kit Carson as a cap tain of Rifles, because he had been 'appointed over the heads of meritorious fellow-soldiers. Col. William Polk, brother of the President, stands a nrst-rate chailce of being rejected as a major of dragoons though the principle which produced the rejection of the one, is scarce appucauie to trie case ot me otner. Col. Fremont is sentenced, and pretty severe ly in the bargain. The President has had the case under advisement, but upno this moment no satisfactory conclusion has been come to. Meanwhile Major Polk is doing very' well in Mexico, dree.mirjg as little of the precaciousnessof his situation as the most modest clerk of your customhouse. In ihe midst of life there is. death, in the midst of success there' is dauger. f It would be. a hard case thoueh, if a man were to resign a charseshiD for which he was confirmed, in order to accept a maioritv for

Webster on Dorrism. - We extract the following interesting notice from the Washington Correspondence of the N. Y. Tribune: - In the Supreme Court of the United States to-day Daniel Webster used up the last remnant of Dorrism. The court room was crowded with ladies and distinguished gentlemen, to listen to the great effort, A a copy of the Speech, reviewed by himself is to be published in a day or two, I shall not attempt to give you any imperfect report. He showed that the American system of government was founded on the great principle that the people are the source of Power. The man who, tor political effect claims to be the champion of this doctrine against any party in this Country, is more out of his mind than Don Quixote.' Don Quixote saw in windwills armed opponents, but he gives "to airy nothing a toca. habitation and, a name." He saws the air, he sets phantoms -We all concede this principle. 'i'Ue people, here are all sovereigns, and tins gave a certain writer the opportunity toremarK that, "Americans were ail sovereigns, with no subjects only a few colered persons!" But even this-sovcreignty was limited. The General Government was limited. The State Governments were-limited. The sover eign powej was deputed by Representation. The basis is suffrage. . This mifsl be guarded from force and fraud. Its exercise is to be prescribed by previous law. Officers are to be appoiu ted and results certified to the central power, 10 the e'nd that every man may vote and have his proper weight ia the -general re-

suit. - : The people limit thisTri-rht of suffrage. Thev take ava- from themselves the power, unless under . certain ciicuirtatances, tt exercise that right. To lake the'sense of the people from tumultuous assemblies is not an American custom, and never was. It would be reducing us to spasmodic liberty to South' American liberty and robbing us of that liberty, as beautiful as ever adorned the Angel of Fieedom. Our liberty has been aptly described by the Poet: , - ' ...... "Though deep, yet clear; though gentle, yet not dull; Strong without rage; without overflowiHE lull." The stream is as strong a3 the Missouri, vet clear as a chrystal lojte. ' - Ihe vvill ol the people in our country is as ve reign as that of a Czar or an emperor but it is not so easily made known. it is not by ukase or rescript, but according to prescribed rules. In the case before the Court we have ho evidence that the sovereign power passed into uorrs constitution. I fie very -acts here set up have been pronounced criminal by the State authorities. The pretended officers, ap .ll .lT-v Ti. r pointed dv me uorr L.ein statu re, never exer cised authority. The Dorr Government was all patriotism on paper. It ceased lo exert itself on the second day of its exist-nce regard ed by all the world as a contemptible tham. This episode in our history may do good. It may ciear me pouucai aimospnere. it wui bring men's minds to contemplate the regularity oi our system, which has stood the test and .torluers of this? and other crises which has steered through all straits and difficulties, both free from the rocknd the' whirlpool. May it under the guidance of Providence so continue till the end of time. Champagne Wine. This wine takes its name from the Province in which it is made. It takes much labor to prepare it from the juice of the grape suitably for market. It also costs much money for bottles and corks, many of the tormer breaking during fermentations. Ten per cent.' breaking is not regarded as a loss, be cause tne wine is considered Detter aiia rises in proportion. M. Jaqueson a wine merchant of Chalons sur Marne, it is said, has cellars in which he ferments Ins wine, more than a mile inextent lie alone" pays for corks yearly, 833,000, which is sfsoOOO morf than the salary ol the President of the United States. What all of the wine merchants of the Province of Champagne pay tor corks, would delray tne Balanes ot the Pre sident and Congress, and what all the wine growers of - France employ, for that purpose, would pay all the expense of our government. including the Mexican War. . . " A bottle of this wine in the Province of Champagne can be bought for about 40 cents. Now the jolly fellows of the United States inniK iney gei uie uesi 01 mis ;wiue to uriOK Why shouldn't . the? Don't they pay two, three, and even five dollars a bottle? The fol lowing facts will show them the chance they have ol drinking pure wine, with a ticket u prize cau be calculated on with more certainty than the purchase of a bottle of wine pure from the vintage, in this country. There are 42.000,000 of bottles of false cham pague every jear sent to Russia, about as much mute isseiR iu jiiian.i, an v. luiiy equal jio that quantity to the united "states. I here is a company in Pans, who make natural .cham prgne, ior instance, sweeten 11 wun canav.-.re-r - . 1 -.l j . &aa it, and then pass it thrpugh an apparatus which cnarges u wun caroonu: acia gas. anu in ntteeii minutes it is ready for the market. Immense quantities are atso made from ci der, by, the employment of all sorts of drugs and in -England, a great dal is made from gooseberries and tiie stalks ot rnubaro. It is not so good as the genuine, but nine out oi ten of those who. drink, can't tell the difference, and it will makMhem just as drunk, and give them the same horrid head-ache and why then is it not just as. , valuables 1 rue some poisonous drugs are sometimes used in the fabrication, but none perhaps worse thau alcohol. The annual production of France, in thisar tide of champagne wine, is about 50,OOO.OOCr bottles. Ihe annual consumption ol the world in the same lime, is 300,000,000, so that 250,000,000 of false wine goes down somebody's throat is a clear case. At Campania, in Italy, the yiutagers, it is said, let themselves to pick the grapes lrom the trees over which the vines grow, on con dition that ir thev fall and are killed, theiremployer.3 are to pay the funeral expenses. If such an agreement was made bv the drinker with th vmdeof wine in the United Stales, the trade would be anything but profitable. : An unexpected recontre. A gentleman who resides in the vicinity of Camden Town, a widower, with a pretty large family, adver tised for a wife in the Sunday Times, of cmirse under a factitious signature. A communication in reply was received, the signature of which was also fictitious; ami after a brief correspondence by letter, arrangements were made as to time and plac for a personal interview. At the apiointed hour, the gentleman wasin waiting in a private room in one of the West-end hotels; and soon afterhis fair corresoondent made her appearance, thickly veiled, andclosemufned against impemnant observation- She entered, of course, with downcast eves, which she did not venture to raise until the voice of her swain in respectful greeting fell on her ear. She started, looked up, and the next moment uttered a loud shriek, in a tone which thf gentleman fancied was not unfamiliar to him. He took the liberty of lifting her veil, and beheld his eldestdaughter.whom he had supposed safe at her boarding-school at Hammersmith. It is needless to say ihat he took precautions to keep the Sunday Times out of the young lady's hands for the future; as, however, eligible a medium it might prove to him for obtaining a wife, he had no desire that his daughters should employ it to obtain husbands - C2The richest man in St. Thomas, one of the principal ports of the West Indies, is as black as ebony. He is said to be worth now less than 83.000.000 and has acquired his wealth by tr&fficjiin iu perccaa cf bis owu color. -

Sober Consideration. .We have ia out war arrived at a point for sober reflection. Looking bacVto the beginning, hardly a man in the nation, we think, will not regret that our troops ever crossed ihe Rio Grande, or even passed beyond the Nueces. We can look . at the present. Mexico is subdued, jtnd lies physically at our feet, and yet tloes not sue for , peace; and hardly has she the ability, remain-

Linn o framTviaiit -u-Vifll Tt-rldrl Via worm our recognition. Any ireaty wuica .- her present so called -Government might make would rather be an occasion than a cause for terminating the war. .A great portion" of" her people sit quietly in their houses still. They have been so used to uproar and the din of war tbat this war has but a little, increased the in terest of their feelings. They are notisubdued in feeling nor aroused perhaps to any great effortat resistance. The war so far has cost them much less money thau it has cost us, but more lives, though generally of less individual value. We have gained great military glory, and Mexico Jias lost everything in comparison though in tire abstract . she has shown 'more courage, skill, and resources of all sort?, than the world supposed she possessed. Uyoh4tha whole the damage and the danger Tiave been eater on our side than hers. We put into the wagr a great, prosperous and Jiappj nation with institutions'the freest andchoicest ever possessed by any nation, and the put in a nationality and institutions nardty worm in? keeping. If v,e look to the future we see that the strength is all on our side, and of course the action must be ours. There are certain things which we can do, but others we cannot der. We cannot control the wills of the Mex icans, we cannot compel tnem 10 remain bouml bv the treaty stinulationsof their present Gnvprnmnt. V run fall halkj we call EO forward. But we cannot compel the Mexican to love us. Jour, of Com. , '-. . " The Scientific Mechanic has the following notice of a very wonderful lock: : "The most perfectly secure and efficient, unpickable, unbreakable'aud unburstable lock ever introduced has recently been invented and "perfected by Mr. S. L. Chase, of Lockport, New York., It is susceptible of 734,000,000,000,000 chaDgea of adjustment, has no accessible apperature in to which gunpowder can be introduced, ana could not be picked or unlocked in seven years. even by the manufacturer therof with the key in his possession, unless he bad locked it him self, and as to l!'!- tlneveB, the mcise tneyhoula examine and investigate this lock, by indents,impressions or otherwise, the more they would not know how to open it! ; ; 1 Gen. Pierce asd the West ForNTEU5.Ia the course of Gen. Pierce's late speech at Con cord, N. H., he remarked that he had to retract opinions he had formerly entertained and e pressed in relation to the Military Academy at West Point. He was of Opinion that the City of Mexico couldiot have bee:i entered ia tha wav itit was. but for the science, and intelli-' gt'iice in the military affairs of the officers ot tne army, mostly no:n west romi. - . , J.-P. Whitney. This gentlemen, who died recently at New Orleans.some time since effected, through" some merchants of that city, an in surance ol SdU,0U0 upon his fife which handsome sum will now revert to his widow.. Rome Crumbling. to Decay. -This; famed and proud city is not now what it once was. . Its ancient grandeur and glory has long since departed. For ages the spirit of decay has. been creeping over it. Many of her once thronged streets are now desolate, and her once gorgeous palaces-lie in scattered and crumbling, ruins. For years the population has "been steadily declining. The malaria of the marshes issteadily poi-joningthe atmosphere and paltrying the energies of he whole region.. Causei seem, in the providence of God, silently yet powerfully at work, which will in lapse of years renaer nome line liaDyion aua ineven, -an tininhabilaule desolation. " - Rev. Dr. "Adams, Pastor of the Broorne at church, is delivering a coarse of IlectdVe9on the present condition of Rome, to crowded audiences. In the last lecture which he delivered after dwelling on the ecclesiastical aspect of affairs at Rome, he feaid : "But over this vast metropolis has an air of change and decay passed. . The seven hills aredistinctly vUible, but strewed and almost cov c red with broken fragments, the ruins and dust vs. ... . wa.vv '.wi.v. u ..... m w ...jv. The Tiber still flows,-an insignificant and sluggish stream, between its banks, forgetful of the time when the arms and luxuries of tho world floated on its tide, when it was crowd-' ed with the barges of princes, whose gorgeous bannersand silken sails bore testimony toher magni ficence. As you look forth tpon the sunny plains of the Campagna, far stretching .to the see, you sea a region of sterility and death,' where the peasants who would cultivate thesoil drop into the grave almost asast as tha rain drops, and where the country has been mostly abandoned to Buffaloes aud wild Boars., ti -v..: r r 1 C-... . r. l tie wnoie population oi uie rapai ota.ro is.only one-half the number which once inhabited Rome itself. . Rome has not changed in her claim to ecclesiastical power, She regardsher, claim as the highest in power, her superiority, of divine appointment. , i "So of ils.moral aspects. Preaching is hardly known. One sermon only 1 heard in the Sistine Chapel, in Latin, and only six minu'.es long. Dispensations for reading the Sacred' Sriptures are often granted, but the Bibles are of such size and shape that the common people with difficulty cancblain them. The spirit of Rome is still seen in a picture in which ' victorious angel is represented as treading iof triumph on the prostrate forms of Luther and Calvin. ' "' "But great change has passed over the Roman Pontiff. The wealth of Rome is exhausted. She is poor, hopelessly poor. Withadebt' of 840.000,000, the interest is a .tax of more, than 30 per cent, upon her whole income. . Leo X. raised immense sums for the rearing of churches and the encouragement of the arts and artists, by the sale of indulgences, but the Conn-, cil of Trent forbade the sale of indulgences for money. Kings were once impoverished by this, and wealth flowed into Rome like rivers of waiter, end Augustan eleganca was united ' with Augustan luxury. 5 But no Tezer could' now be sent into Germany to sell forgivei ess forsins and raise treasures in return. - Romo, wears the aspecfof proud poverty. That government is fallen which relies upon bccrowjd : tunds. JV. J . tiVOJigeliet. y Gen Taylor Mr. Clay. The Webbing ton correspondent of the Baltimore San writ 1 in his letter of the 11th inst: " . 'Things have happened hexs within thelatweek which will tend to render Geru Taylor the nominee of the Whignatidnalccavention,J and with Mr. Clay's approbation and aid. - j. will explain these circumstances hereafter." Lefters have been received at Washington -whicb-confidently state that Maj. Van Buren, -who reached Vera Cruz by the last traia from the capital, will bear a project of a treaty of. peace with Mexico and the United States. 5 " Their Ciuculatios. According to the statements as sworn to from their offices respectively. the city circulation of tha- New Yerks II?rald, is 9,031; that of the. New York Tribune is 8.S59. Excess of the Herald, 172. "Bets", have been accepted berwtjea Its Vws i j rruH? tbcfr total circ.ilat.io. . : .