Evansville Weekly Journal, Volume 13, Number 49, Evansville, Vanderburgh County, 27 January 1848 — Page 1

1 ' VOL. xiii. EVANSVILLE, IND., THUSKDAY JANUARY 27, 1848,

I

THE JOUIIN AL.

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" " six months, , " ' ," ,. 18,00 . " " " one year, '..W,00 Longer advertisements in proportion. 5KT All advertisements must be paid for m advance unless otherwise agreed upon by the parties.

SATURDAY, JANUARY 22, 1818.

The reader will find on our first page the Message of the President, declining to give the information desired by the House of Representatives in relation to the return of Santa Auua to Mexico,, &c., and the debate which sprung up in the House on its reading. Among Other official documents accompanying the message is the celebrated pass to Santa Anna, as follows: Private and Confidential. U. S. Navy Department, May 13, 1846. Commodore: If Santa Anna endeavors to

enter the Mexicans ports, you will allow him to pass freely. Respectfully, yours, GEORGE BANCROFT Commodore David Conner, Commanding Home Squadron. In reply to this Com. Conner informs the Navy Department of the arrival of Santa Anna at Vera Cruz, and says: 'I could have easily boarded the vessel, but I deemed it most proper not to do so. allowing it to appear as if he had entered without my concurrence." He then entersinto speculations as to the reception of Santa Anna would probably meet with from the people. "Whig State Convention, The reader will find in to-day's Journal the proceedings of the "Whig State Convention recently held at Indianopoiis. We publish them entire. The State Journal pays the Convention the following merited compliment : We have been present at all the State Conventions which have assembled in this' city since 1839, and innone of them did more union and harmony prevail than characterized the proceedings last. Wednesday. Every Whig present was actuated bv one motive, all de sired the consummation of the same object the elevation of a man to the Presidency, who will administer the affairs of the nation as in tended by the Republican Fathers who brought it into existence. Although a diversity of opinion existed among the numerous delegates in attendance as to who ought to be selected by a national Convention, there will be no difference among them when that selection is made. The electoral ticket is one that cannot fail giving entire satisfaction. It will not lose in comparison with that formed by our opponents, and we think it exceeds them in every particular. The delegates returned to their homes with a full determination to go to work from now until the Presidential election to secure the triumph of their principles. ' New Loan. The Philadelphia Enquirer ' says that the Cashiers of several of the Banks of New York and Philadelphia, have been invited to Washington. The object no doubt is to confer as the best means of raising a new loan for Government. - State Trustee. We learn by gentlemen from Indianapolis that Mr. Puett, locofoco, heshoen elected hy the Legislature. State Trustee. " ' fXjT"Wenre again under obligations to Mr. James Russell, clerk of the Cue packet Hiberhernia, for late Louisville papers. ' C3 Allen C. Hallock, is the Agent for the New Jersey Mutual Insurance Company, saidto be one of the best institutions of the kind in the Union. "The dutv of the husband and parent to pro . vide, when in health, for those who are dependent oa him, is conceded by all. A r?gard to thasams obligations should bad him, while living, to provide for their comfort and support after his death. - Amid all the plans formed to accomplish this object, -none have piovecl moie successful than those furnished by well-regula ted associations for Life Insurance. ' Those who wish to learn the particulars in relation to this company, rates, &c, are di rected too call at the Agency, Main street Evansville. . . , . . - . Gen. Bl'tleu's Division. One Regiment of Indkna and one of Tennessee troops arrived in the city of Mexico on the 16th ult. Th are the advance or Gen. Butler's train. ' The remainder of the Division was expected there ina day or two. They all looked well, though somewhat worn by the-fatigue of the march. A Fugitive from Ireland Arrested. A heartless Irishman named Wm. R. Derensey has been arrested in New York, for running avvay from" the county of Monaghan, Ireland, with JCGOO being, part of the donations contributed infhis country for the relief of the starv- ; ing Irish v.-Ha had bought a farm in. New Jersay, with the money, and was living very ca : fiily upon it. He got possession of the stolen money as a Commissioner on Works at home. He was iu this country six years ago, and left a wife and two children here. Shortly after embezzling the relief funds, it is. said he marlied another wife abroad, from whom he ob- ? tn2d sflrrie 1.500 more, and then deserting V heT, fled-to this country, and joined his first vvie and children. On being arrested he confessed the embezzlement, and' refunded some 62900. Thomas Warner, , Esq., - counsel Sqi the British officer, proceeded -to Washington or authority to deliver him for trial in Eng land.- -' y "V ' ' ' . t. 1 CCSInfbrmation from Washington say3 it " ;-will be' made manifest on the highest authority, that there is a deficit ot fourteen : millions 'wore- than is represented by; the' Secretary of

jhc Treasury, .

CORRESPONDENCE OF THE JOURNAL

i Indianapolis, January 12, 1848. Messrs. W. H. Chandler rf Co The .Whig State Convention has been in session during the day, and just closed its labors. The number of delegates in attendance is unusually large. Much good feeling "and a steady devotion to Whig principles has been manifested. All seem to be fullof hope that the contest upon which we ase soon to enter will result in Xht complete triumph of the Whig Party. General Tayloe had in the Convention many warm mentis anu entnusiasticaumirers. bo haduenrat Scott end Judge McLainJ But every "Whig heart thrilled with rapture, whenever the name of Mr. Clay was mentioned. "The Convention, however governed by a wise and pru dent policy, decliued expressing a prefference for any man. Delegates to a National Conven tion have been appointed, and they go without instruction. John MiTCHrax,'lsq".i is the delegate from Vanderburgh. J. G. Marshall and G. S. .Orth are Electors for the State, and John Pitcher, of Posey, for the First District. - Nothing of importance has been done in the Legislature, since'it met on Monday last. A bill has been introduced into the House grant ing a charter for the construction of a Rait Road from Terre Haute to Evansyille, and referred to a committee composed of the Represeutatives from the counties through which the road will pass. " ' The Governor delivered his annual message on yesterday. . A large part of it is taken up in the discussion of the Bank, Tariff, and War questions. But vou will receive the document itself as soon as you will receive this letter The weather, for a few days past, has been intensely cold, but is now moderating. We have had a fine deep snow; and the sleighs have been dashing about the streets filled with glad hearts, ardent in the pursuit of the pleasures of the season. Yours, &c, : j. e. b. To the Editor of the Evansville Journal. Sir: In your paper" of the 4th instant I had the pleasure of reading an excellent cominuni cation copied from the Indiana Journal, over th? signature of Marion" in relation to our Probate System. Marion is right when he says that under our present System, "Children are de fraudedEstates squandered lands sold un iustly and cn-diters cheated by the Probate

Court, not Wickedly but ignorantly.Z TJiaLoni0.'

question ikw --" v - shall we haveaClroait r Pobatc B)'stem, or shall we. transfer the Probate business to the Circuit Court? Marion is in favor of the latter plan, and so is the writer of this communi cation ; but I cannot agree with him in the opinion that it will be necessary to increase the number of circuits to the extent that he desires; uor do I believe that three terms of the Circuit Courts will become necessary; Annihilate the present Probate Courts and transfer the busi ness to the Circuit, Courts confer upon the Clerk enlarged surrogate powers enable him to adjudicate upon accounts to issue cita'ions and to make all necessary interlocatory orders require him to give notice of the time estates will be settled change the practice of the Circuit Courts so that Probate and Chancery business shall be the first business transacted at each term of the Circuit Court, to which might be added the making up of issues- and let the Petit Jury be summoned for the 3d day of the term, or on such day as the Courts at previous term should direct, repeal four-fifths of our present Probate Act. We now have Probate Act of near one hundred pages in our Revised Code, embracing 471 Sections make the law as general as is consistent with pru dent Legislation, and let the rules of practice be settled by the Courts and for this purpose and for ths purpose of securinguniforrnityi re quiring that all of the President Judges in the State shall meet at the capitol on a day to be fixed, (say 1st Monday iu June,) and by and with the advice and consent of the Judges of the Supreme Court, adopt a set of rules for Circuit Court and Probate practice with a pro vision that the Judges of the Supreme Court may alter them when necessary. By this means we can have a uniform practice through out the State; we have now too much statute law upon the subject, our Probate Act has 471 Sections, while that of Pennsylvania nas but 6.1. In Massachusetts and North Carolina, (in both of which States they ha ve'excellent Pro bate laws,) it is believed that their Legislative enactments are not as voluminous as in Penn sylvania. I repeat it, we have too much Leg islation. The details of practice can be better settled by the Judges than by the Legislature Increase the pay of your Circuit Judge to S12: 00 per annum, and.require them to be present in court when Probate business is transacted unless unavoidably absent. This subject has been repeatedly before the legislature, but there has hitherto been such, a wide . difference opinion that the details of a bill could not be settled. Let the Judiciary Committee prepare a bill, and let the members yield their private opinions to the united judgement of the gentle men who compose that committee, and I be lieve that a eood bill can be passed. Some may say that the sum of &1200 is a high salary In reply I have only to say that a Judge ought to receive a salary sufficient to command the best talent in the State, this is'what has al way sustained the high reputation of the Judiciary of Massachusetts, New. York, Pennsylvania, Louisiana, and Kentucky. The people at large are deeply interested in having an intelligent and efficient Judiciary. . Multiply Circuits and keep down the salaries of your Judges to what it now is , and in a few years none other than third or fourth rate lawyers will preside in your Circuit Courts. . J. The London Punch says it is not true that the railway works are being stopped for want of iron; but the fact is that they are delayed for want of tin. . ' ' ' ; ' " . ' " ' '.

BY TELEGRAPH TO LOUISVILLE. ARRIVAL OF THE CAMBRIA.

FOURTEEN DAYS LATER FROM EUROPE. To the Editors of the Louisville Journal: New York, January 18, 8-1/2 P. M. The Royal mail steamer Cambria arrived at this port to-day, with fourteen days later intelligence from Europe. She brings Liverpool dates to the 1st. The sessions of Parliament were prorogued till after the holidays. Prices for most, articles had declined and then again rallied. The supply of cotton in Liverpool was small. Quotations: Louisiana ordinary to middling 4-1/2 a4-5/8, good to fair 5a5-1/2. fair to good fair 6a6-1/4; Upland ordinary to .middling Ah, good to fair obaii. the present range oi prices waswitn in half a penny of the lowest ever known. Wheat had advanced m England, it was quoted at 2a3s per 70 lb better than was re ported atthe sailing of the last steamer, viz 6s to 9s 6d. The fine qualities of flour had advanced Is; American in bond was quoted at 30 a 31s. : Indian corn was held at an advance of Is per 4801b; it was quoted at 34 to 38s; cornmeal loalbs per DDI. Provisions were firm. JNo change in rork or Bacon. ' ; j The iron trade was flat; prices have retrogaded from'l to 2s per ton. '" . Ireland was still in an alarming condition. The amount of bullion in the Bank of Eng land is said to be 12,000,000. The bank has reduced the rate of interest to 5 per cent. A new ministry has been established in Por tugal. ' . , , Maria .Louisa, the widowot iNapoieon, is dead. . '- . The news from India is unimportant. The commercial news is regarded here as faorable. -'' 1 ''"' Washington, Jan. 18, 10 P. M The Congressional proceedings to-day are unimportant. In the Senate, Mr. Mangum s resolution eat ing for Gen. Scott's plan for the further prose - tion of the war was adopted.' Mr. Bagby offered a resolution declaring that the General Government had no power to make internal improvements. -j Mr. Uadger oftered a Tesolution declaring tne ten regiment bill, and the further , prosecution of the war as unconstitutional. The House was engaged in debating" Mr. Trist's correspondence with the Mexican Com missioners. ,' '. : . Washington, Jan. J9, 7 P. M. In the Senate, sundry -petitions and memoials were read and "referred. Mr. Badger opposed the ten regiment bill with energy and spirit. " Mr. Foote delended the bill earnestly, ana contended that it ought to pass: He replied to the objections who had been urged against it with force and animation. In the House, many bills were reported, among which was one by Mr. Botts, chairman of the Committee on Military Affairs, providing for the clothing of the volunteers, anil allowing them the same price as the regulars. Also, a bill to provide for disabled officers, and another to provide an asylum for enfeebed officers and soldiers. Mr. Vinton, chairman of -the Committee of Ways and Means, reported a bill tor obtainin a loan of 818,500,000. ' The House went into Committee of the Whole to take into consideration the annual message of the President. Onmotion, so much as related to Military affairs was refered to the Military Committee. . . - - . Mr. Broad head spoke at some length against the present war. Mr. McLane defended the President's courp He was frequently corrected in his statements. Mr. lompkins tollowed, condemning tne course of Mr. Polk in refusing to give to he House, the information called for relative to Santa Anna. Mr. Hall, of Missouri followed in defence of the President. ;- . - At the close of his remarks, Mr. Barrow obained the floor, and the House adjourned. : Doings in the Cabinet Gen. Scorry&c. We copy the follow ing from the N. Y. Cour ier and Enquirer: Washington, Jan. 12, 1S48. I can inform you most positively, "that notwithstanding all that is said by the press, Gen. Scott has not yet been positively recalled from Mexico. , His recall was determined upon, and will no doubt take place, but I should not be astonished if the report should reach General Scott before the' official document, so as to give him a fair chance of shaping his course accordingly. . Were Gen. Worth not implicated in the matter, then Gen. Scott might be withdrawn at once; but if active military operations are contemplated in Mexico, and Gen. Worth is hors ducomoat. men tne rresiaent win nave nis doubts as regards the entrusting cf the supreme command to a volunteer general. Pillow and Duncan are no doubt to be tried by a court mar tial. There has been a strong disposition on the part of certain members of the Cabinet to in duce the President to entrust the supreme command of the army in Mexico to Gen. Taylor; but, though the President has listened to the proposition, and is partially convinced of the necessity of such a measure, he has not yet brought his resolution to the sticking point, and there may be some two or three more Lab met meeting be come to. . before a definite conclusion w ill CCjTA fellow calling himself W. Cornelius, found himself at the Mayor's office this morning on a chaTge of stealing Lieut. Sandford's purse and one hundred and ihirty or forty dollars. '' He broke into Lieut. Sandford's room sometime during last night and stole the money from his pockets, one hundred and two dollars of which was recovered this morning. For want of bail he went to jail. Comet Expected. The almanacs for 1848 eays that a return of Filigree's comet, which aDneared in 1262 and 1456, is ; expected this year.Gallantry. There is a place in New Hamp shire where they never have any old maids. When a girl reaches twenty-nine, and is still on the ladder pi expectation, the young fellows club together, and draw lots for her. Those who escape pay a bonus to the one who gets her. There s gallantry tor you. Yielding to Public Sentiment.; The Pope has lately granted a dispensation in a case of marriage of a Catholic with a Jewess; and in doing it, suggests tnat tnougn these marriages are uncannouical, yet when consummated by the civil authorities, they hod better be vnnfted at bv the Churches. :.. :,:':-;n

A Sword to Gen. Lane. On the 11th inst,

Mr. Howell introduced in the Indiana State Senate a resolution authorizingthe Governor to present a sword to Gen. Jos. Lane. Mr. Cassatt moved to amend by inserting "also to Gens. Taylor and Wool," which was lost. The original resolution then passed unanimously. " The report of the superintendent of the New Albany and Yincennea. road was laid upon the table by the President, and 500 copies ordered to be printed, On leave being granted Mr. Randall reported back the bill creating the Tippecanoe Court ot Common Pleas without amendment. Mr. Orth briefly explained the main features of the bill - its necessity and objects upon which the rules were suspended and the bill passed. Mr. Robinson, in order to accommodate those Senators w ho were not in at the time of the adoption of the resolution, voting a sword to Gen. Lane moved to reconsider that vote. Some objections being made, Messrs. Houghton and Hainiick expressd a desire to havi- the vote reconsidered, in order. that they could record their, votes in its favor. Mr. Holloway expressed a desire for its reconsideration that he might have an opportunity to record his vote against its passage. He had served with Gen. Lana on this floor and highly esteemed him for his good qualities. Since Gen. Lane had been in the army ; he. had won and justly won a name as a military man which would survive many years.. But he was opposed to appropriating the money of the people for any such objects, when the State Treasury was nearly bankrupt, and we had but a few days since to resort to a loan to sustain her credit. He wanted also to record his vote against it for the reason that it was encouraging a war contrary to the opinion and wishes of nine-tenths of his constituents-a war brought on by an unconstitutional act of the President, and altogether derogatory to the honor and prosperity of the country. He wanted it reconsidered he might offer an amendment by voting a sword to J. K. Polk, of Tennessee, for the part which he had taken in this war by. furnishing the Mexican army with a commander to contend against the American forces. He thought Mr. Polk entitled to this mark of respect for giving the enemy such a distinguished eader as Santa Anna has shown himself in this war, He was not in when the resolution passed and he hoped the vote would be reconsidered so he could place his name on the call of the ayes and nays in opposition to it. Pending the question of reconsideration, a message was received from the. House inviting the Senate to their hall to listen to the- annual communication of Gov. Whitcomb, in which the Senate concurred. After the message of the Governor was communicated the Senate re turned, to Iheii . The reconsideration of the . vote authorizing! the Governor to present Gen. Lane a sword lor his conduct at the battle of Buena Vista, pend ing when the senate lelt their Chamber, was further considered. Mr. Read was in favor of reconsidering the vote provided it could be done unanimously, He heard it intimated that there was no quorum present when it was adopted. This he did not want to hear. He wanted all to have the privilege of recording their votes on its passage. Mr. Zencr moved to lay the resolution for re consideratiod on the table, which was lost. The vote was then reconsidered, when the question was taken upon the adoption of the resolution, by ayes and nays, and resulted as followes ayes 43 nays 3. Recall of Gen. Scott. A telegraphic des patch-in the' Philadelphia North American, dated Washington, January 10, is in these words: ; Things are taking a serious turn. On Thursday it was determined in Cabinet to recall Gen. Scott from the command of the army, and a special messenger was despatched w ith the order. He was stopped at Richmond by a telegraphic communication, and re-called, as intelligence had been received that, Gen. Pierce washurrying on, and it was deemed advisable to take his opinion in the premises. General Pierce has not yet arrived, and it is probable that there will be a suspension of further action for the present. This comes from high Democratic authority. . The Washington correspondent of the Baltimore Sun. says: "Gen. Scott will no doubt come home, and Wm. O. Butler remain Com-mander-in-cliief of the United State forces now in Mexico.-' The editors of the Philadelphia North American make these strong and just comments upon the subject: Rumors have been afloat for some days indicating the recall of Gen. Scott from Mexico, which we have not, from the monstrous character of the story, deemed it necessary seriously to notice. We could not believe it possible that, in the full blaze of his military triumphs Gen. Scott could be arraigned as a criminal, dragged from under the colors that he had borne from Vera Cruz through Cerro Gordo, Contrerass Cburubusco, Molina del Rey, and Chapultenee. conouering impossibilities, winning for our arms an immortal glory; we say that we could not believe it possible that this great chief should be arrested and stigmatized as an offender.. Who is his accuser? He has none. What is his offence? No one is alleged but that he has won trophies for his country, which all time mav envy. Under such circumstances, who could believe that an outrage so extraorJ I nA. n nvo m nla1 ' nit 111 A Vkk TP T r0 f TS t rl ? umar Yj uucAauiiu v-v una w i.v . Heisin the midst of a career of unparalhl tri umph he is the terror of all Mexico he has the unbounded confidence of his own troops and of the countrv. He has been the plan ol those glorious operations his is now the plan bv which thev are to be, consonantly with the past carried out. That plan is, in reference ot its most important and minute details, in the brain of its author alone. To drag such a general from such a career is wholly without a parallel, . All ages nave reDroached the suoercession f Lucullus: but this measure leaves no triumph for the succes sor, for the entire policy must be deranged by the removal ot its head. . ihe Urench iJirecto rv thus recalled their generals but never in the midst ot interrupted victories and France has no page in her history to compare with the progress ot bcott in Mexico. Uy our telegraphic despatch it will be seen that this measure has been resolved upon. It will thrill every nerve of the Republic with in dignation against the Administration that thus sports with the rights of the nation's benefac tors.' . .. - ' . We have seen this Administration appoint ing Taylor and attempting to degrade him, per secuting Scott, and then appointing him, and playing the one agaiust tne otner, in tne vain attempt to break down both; but we were not prepared, the country is not prepared, to wit ness, with patience, an outrage so serious as the recall of Gen. Scott in the full career of vie tory,; without a crime charged, or an accuser ac knowledged. '' '

. How the Yankees Make a Living. A wri

ter in the Boston Recorder, who has lately been travelling through Connecticut, thus describes the way in which the people get a livelihood-. Beginning in the. northwestern part of .the State where, by the. way,, some of nature's true noblemen dwell we find many- furnaces smelting down iron ore, of the best quality, irorn their own mines, making each from two to three tons of pig iron per diem, and each consuming at a single blast of, eleven - months a million bushels of charcoal. There is shon manufacturing some, of the mast delicate- and best cutlery; and another making huge anchors and chain cables, for our nayyfrom iron wrought at ftieir own puddling furnace. -; . . ' Fifteen milts eastward lies a village of 1500 people, situated at the 6utlet of splendid sheet oi water, which in its. descentof iG feet carries alLheeded machinery. : Here the business is scythe jnaking. Another town -is ialaous for its brass kettles; an article:-made, nowhere else in the nation, and the trade oi" making which, it is said, was stolen ir jut EHgland. Hard by are twocontiguous towns made densely populuuseven on the rugged, hill sides, and independently rich by the manufacture of brass clocks..- These articles of ; the ordinary khid, costing from nine shillings or two dollars are sold over the world at an advance of 500 or 1,000 per cent. ;.,.-.. , Coming farther eastword into Hartford county, you find a gaug of hands digging copper ore from the bowels of mother earth. Then you enter a town of a 1,000 people, supported entirely by making axes. Following the Fannington river, and passing many establishments, you alight at a town of 1,500 inhabitants, right iu the gorge, where the, river, in its dashing freaks, like a lover without eyes, instead of making its way easily and honestly dowa to New Haven, breaks its way through tha : T alcott taountaiu for the purpose of making a union .villi the Connecticut. These people are Scotchman making carpets. , ; But this is. only a part of 'he "establishment, the remainder is located ten o:; fitteen miles northeast, where is found a community of 1.800, from the same country, ' i . i , 1-1 l . and engaged in like business, Ot.ierve he.re,-i these two towns, are - three very old-fashioned Presbyterian churches Pas sing by a community of Shakers, who supply the land with garden seeds and brooms; and Hazard's well known power mills, where the "villainous saltpetre" is made into an abomin ation to cast missiles at the Mexicans, also some distilleries, too detestable to blot paper with, you. enter a growing town where are made paper, cloth ot different kinds, ironware, and card teeth, the last set to. order and in quantities sufficient to strengthen all. the fibre whichever gre.w on a sheep's back, or a cotton plantation. i Passing through the city of Hartford you find a town ot 3,000 inhabitants, man nfari tixi"';tor inenuon which kindd would be to write half the namas or ar ticles of a hardware shop. Hooks and eyes must be particularised; enough to hook togetherall the ladies' dresses in the land, besides those of one-half Queen Victoria's subjects. ' ,.Uut, to return over the Connecticut river, form our rapid flight we have already crossed it twice, and, in making our way into Tolland couuty, we enter the region of cotton and wol-lea-tniUs., And here, at the eutlet of a .beautiful lake rendeied memorable by the "life of poor Sarah'' who died on its banks, ydu must stop to see a village of 1,200 people, grown up in the course of a dozen years, having some. six or eight mills making satinets and the nicest cassimeres in the country. In other sections of the country are furnaces, cotton and wollen mills, and machine shops. . . Here, too, is a town, and it is our own dear "Mantua," with four or five silk factories, where the great part of our tailors obtain their Italian sewing silkand twist. Here the screwaugur was invented, hut time will fail to speak of all. ' Hard by, in Windham county, is a pop ulation of 1,800 making cotton cloth. In the eastern part of the country, in the valley of a single stream, in tliesnace oi twenty miles.are at least twelve cotton factory villages. : rJew London ancMstonigton are growing rich out of the whale fishery. Lyme, situated at the mouth of tht) Connecticut, furnishes sea captains for the London and Liverpool packets, and seamen to man their yarclT. bailing up that river, now filled with seines for shad, you pass a querry of free-stone.. Then you enter a shop, a branch of a large establishment located at Meriden, who monopolise the Whole business of manufacturing ivory. Here you find ivory combs, piano forte keys, umbrella tips, dire, and all kinds of ornamental work made of the elephant's tusks. Then you need not smile at a ventaule es tablishment for making patent ink-stands, em ploying liiiriy men. iicai juu iinu a uuu turning out axe helves, next a screw factory. Then you pass on the bank of the river, another quarry, a rich vein of gniess, splitting about as readily as chestnut timber, a vein sent vast quantities of stone, to various parts of the Un ion and to the West Indies. And tnen anotner quarry oi reel sana-stcne, employing tjju Irishmen and their overseers. .... 1 had almost forgot a whole town, made rich by the manufacture of all kinds of bells, such as sleigh, horse, clock, and cow bells. . In this city it is no easy task to tell what is man ufactured, except coaches, clocks, intellect, theology, law, and physic. Fairhaven furnishes the whole of New England and some portions of N. York with oysters. Waterbury, with almost 4,000 inhabitants, makes buttons, brass wire, and pins by the ton. And then there is Birmingham and Ansonia, two contiguous villages, makingcu'tlery, pins, and nard-ware. Just above them, a large establishment making augurs, chissels, and the like. Thence you will past westward into the north part of Fairfield county, and here your make an acquaintance with hatters in abund ance. Here it is the superb nats tor tne new Yorkers are made. " The Cholera in London. The London correspondent of the National Intelligencer, in his latest letter, furnishes the following startling intelligence. "A more alarming piece of news is, that the cholera is undoubtedly in London, and has broken out with extreme virulence in Golden Lane and other densely populated parts of the city. Ihe police keep watch and ward there to interdict communication. The symptons of the disease- are of a very alarming nature, exhibiting itself in plague spots and other fearful characteristics. This is truly a melancholy close to mv communication. 1 hope the matter is made the worst of, but have many fears. "Why was the battle of Resaca de la Palma like the marriage of Adam aud Eve? Because it was a short engagement followed by a long w w - race.". . Demand for the Bible. The American Bi ble Society are now printing, at their establish ment in Nausau street, New York, about 70,000 copies of Bibles and testaments monthly equal to 840,000 annuallyand yet are not able to meet the constantly increasing demand. ------ : - -

PRESIDENT POLK'S MESSAGE. The following message from the President, which was received in the House of Representatives, on the 42th instant, caused a warm debate, and excited considerable feeling : To the House of Representatives . of the United States: I have carefully considered the Resolution of the House of Refresentatives of the 4th inst., requesting the President to communicate any

instructions which may have been given to any of the officers of the Army, or' Navy of the United Slates, or mher persons,! ri regard to the return of President Gen.-' Lopez tie Santa Anna, or any other. Mexican to the Republic of Mexico, prior or subsequent to the order. of the President ot Secretary of War, issued in January, IS46, for the March of the army from the Nue ces across the stupendous deserts which inter vene the Rio Grande; that the date's of all such instructions, orders and correspondence be set loriu; logeinwr wriu i:ie instructions anu or ders issued to. Mr. Midctl at any time prior or subsequent to his departure forMexico asMin ister Plenipotentiary of.jhe J. States to the Republic; and requesting the President also to communicate all the orders aud correspondence of the Government in relation to the return of Gen. Paredes. : , I transmit herewith Reports from the Sacre rary of State, Secretary of War, aud the Secretary of the Navy, with the documents accompaiiing the 'same," which contain all the infor mation ot the i-xecuuve winch it is deemed compatible with the public interest to communicate. For further information relating to the return of Santa Anna, I refer to my annual Message of December &th, '46. The facts and considerations stated in that Message induced the order of the Secretary of the' Navy to the Commander of the squadron in the Gulf of Mexico, a copy of which is herewith communicated.- ' This order was issued simultaneously with the order to blockade the coasts of Mexico, both bearing date the 13th of May, 1846, the day on which the existence of the war with Mexico was recognized by Congress. It was issued solely on the View of policy presented iu that message, without any understanding on the subject, direct or indirect, with Santa An na or any other person. Gen. Paredes . evaded the vigilence of our combined forces by land and sea, and made his way back to Mexico from the exile into which he had been driven, landing at Vera Cruz after that city and the Castle of San Juan aUlloa were in our military occupation, as will ap pear Irom the accompanying reports and docu inents. The Resolution calls for instructions and orders issued to Mr. Slidellalong time prior or subsequent to . his departure lor Mexico asMin-Sc-ta rtf tha IT ltuc trt thai P r,i i i, ... , iT-nTra-nBTiirr-TiTggTTanOn -contained in calls of either House has been omitted in the resolution oefore me. ; . The call of the House is unconditional. It is that the information be made public, whether, in the opinion of the Executive, who is charged by the constitution with the duty of con ducting foreign negotitians, -such information when disclosed would be prejudicial to the pub lic interest or not. It has been subject ol se rious deliberation witn me wnetner l comd, consistently with my constitutional duty and my sense of the public interests mvolveJ and to be effected bv it, violate an important prin ciple, always heretofore held sacred by my predecessors, as I should do by a compliance with the request of the House. President Wasnington,'ina message to the House of Representatives of the 30th of March, 1796, declined to comply wit h a request contained in a resolution of thai body to lay before them a copy of the instructions of the Ministers of the U. States who negotiated the treaty with the King of Great Britain, together with the correspon dence and other documents relative to the' said treaty, excepting such of said papers as ! any negotiation may render improper to bedis-i closed. In assigning his reasons for declining to comply with the call, he declared that "the natuie of foreign negotiations require caution, ! and that success must often depend upoa secrecy, and even when brought to a conclusion, a full disclosure of all the measures, demands, and eventual concessions which may have been proposed or contemplated, would be ex-j tremely impolitic; lor this might have a per-i nicious influence on future negotiauons, or produce immediate inconveniences; perhaps danger and mischief in relation to other pow-i ers. The necessity of such caution and secre-i cy was one cogent reason for vesting the power of making treaties in the President with the advice andconsent of the Senate ; the principle on which that body was formdd coufiniug it to a small number of members. To admit then a right in the House of Representatives to de mand and to have, as a matter ot course, all the papers respecting a negotiation with a foreign power, would be to estabiisn a dangerous pre-: edent. . , In that case the instructions and documents called for related to a treaty which had been concluded and ratified by the President and Senate, and the negotiations in relation to it had been terminated, ilere was an express reservation too, "excepting"' from the call for all such papers as related to any existing negotiations which it might be improper to dis close. In that case Gen. Washington deemed it to be violation of an important principle, the establishment of a dangerous precedent, aud pre judicial to the public interest to comply with the call ol the House. , Without deeming it to be necessary to exam ine or decide upon trie otner reasons assigned by. him for his refusal to communicate the information requested by the House, the one which is herein recited is in my judgement con clusive in the case under consideration. .; Indeed the objections to complying with the equestof the House, contained in the resolu tion before me, are much stronger than those which existed in the case of the resolution in 1796. This resolution calls for the "instructions and orders" to the Minister of the United States lo Mexico, which relate to negotiations which have not been terminated, and which may be resumed. , The information called for respects negotia tions with the United States offered to open with Mexico,immediately proceeding the commencement of the existing war. The instructions given to the Minister of the United States, relate to the diiierencea between the two coun tries, out of which the war grew, and the terms of adjustment, which we were prepared to offer to Mexico, m our anxiety to prevent the war. ' .These difficulties still remain unsettled, and to comply with the call of the House, would be to make public through that channel, and to communicate to Mexico, now a public enemy, engaged in war, information which could not fail to produce serious embarrassments in any tuture negotiations oeiween ine two coun tries. . " 1 have theretore communicated to congress all the correspondence of the Minister of the United States to Mexico, which in the existing state of our relations with the Republic can, in my judgement, be at this time communicated without serious injury to the public interest. Entering this conviction, and with a -sin

cere desire to furnish anv information which

may be in possession of the Executive Department, nd whicheither House of Congress may Bt any time request, ! regard jt to be mf ..constitutional right and my solemn duty, tinder the circumstances of this case, to decline a compliance with the request of the House contained in their resolutions. JAMES K. POLK. The correspondent of the Baltimore American furnishes the following sketch of the debate which followed theTeadingof the message: The message being read, several motions were made in reference to it. Mr. Truman Smith moved to n fer it to the. committee on Foreign Relations. Mr. John Qtuncy Adams rose and addressed the Speaker. Immediately the whole House crowded around him in breathless attention. He moved that the message .bereferred to a select committee, of which he wished not to be a member, and hoped a report would be made which would show the President that he was bound to communicate information of this public nature which the House of Representatives had called for. Mr. Holmes, of South Carolina, in a strain of fervor, complimented the President upon his firmness on this occasion. He hoped he wrould in all his official acts; as he had done in this act, take Washington for his guide. Mr. Schenck replied, and in indignant terms asked if the President was to be the master of the people and their Representatives -to tell them that although they had called upon him for informatiqii in relation to some of his public acts, and. he possessed it, yet he deemed himself more capable than they to say whether it ought to be made public, or not; that he did consider it inconsistent with the public in terest to make it public, and therefore he should iwt communicate it. He should keep it to himself. Mr. Houston, of Alabama, next took the floor and warmly defended the President in the matter, and replied to the remarks of Mr. Schenck. Mr. Toombs, of Georgia, followed, and declared in preference for the motion to refer the message to a select committee. The question was not whether the President would be justified in certain cases in withholding froi Congress information in relation to public affairs which might be called for, but whether this was one of those cases. Mr. Charles J. Ingersoll (the Chairman of the Committee on Rules, which reported the new rule for a mpmber to address the House if he chose, from the Tribune or Clerk's Desknext rose to debate the quest ion. Some member suggesting that he should take tha Tribune, he did so, and read from the Clerk's desk, from Marshall's Life of Washington, authority from Livinstoii lVif-rrv'.T turn. a -wvrTOarsTran. Tor tne course Mr. rolk had elected to pursue in this matter, and then gave hia views as corresponding with those of the gentleman from Alabama (Mv. Houston) who had proceeded him. He replied that, to Mr. Toombs and also to Mr. Schenck, and closed by moving to refer the message to the committee of the whole house and make it the or-' der of the. day for Tuesday next. -. : : Mr. Collamer, of Vermont next addressed the House on the subject. He siated the magnitude of the great question which the information called for related to. ' The power to declare war was vested in Congress, The President had taken this power into his own hands. The .House had called upon him for some important , information in regard to the matter, and there-' fore it was not one of those cases in which the President could properly withhold the information called for.; , - Mr. Tompkins, of Mjsissippi, next obtainei the floor, but gave way for a motion to-be made. ' The motion to refer the Message to the Committee of the Whole and make it the special order for Tuesday next, wasutand carried. Mr. TompKinsnas tne noor on it, wnen u comes up. On motion the House adjourned. Fortitude of a Woman Jdst Previous to . her Execution. A woman by the name oflary Burdock was tried at the Bristol. (Eng.) assizes for the murder of a Mrs. Smith. She. protested her innocence; but the jury found her guilty, and she was ordered for execution.: The following account ofthesawg froid with which she treated the matter, is given in the Bristol Journal. Such accounts have some thing in them so mixed up of a fulness and ;c-' centricity, that whilst we shudder we can scarce repress a smile: . On quitting the bar, she was taken to tne prisoners room under tne oouri, wnen sue manifested the most perfect indifference to her situation, ahe was visited by ner relations, including her brother and her children. ...... , . Seeing them moved by the scene then pas sing, she desired them to be quiet, "and not to come there to make her low spirited;" and im mediately turning to her solicitor, said. "JSow et us to business about the SaUUin the bank? They can't hold it, that's all stuff. What will be lelt lor the children, when all the bills are paid?" Her attorney having answered her, she turned quickly round to her brother and said, "Mind, Jem, you tax his bill." On being pressed not then to think of this world s con cerns, she said, "i must attend to Dusiness. She then called Mrs. Vowles, the matron of the prison, and asked. "Who makes the jail cof fins?" - . - .- On receiving an answer, she again turnedto her brother and desired him "to get a good strong plain coffin," adding, "but mind you are not to pay more than 2 for it," at the same time moving herselt up irom the bed, and ; lit--, ting her eldows, she said, "Mind, it must be full sized, and let it be lined with flannel, and mind that 1 have a warm comfortable shroud. and don't let the coffin be screwed down tootight; recollect that it must be brought to me this evening I'll have it put by bed side.". Her conduct during the final and awful scene was equally cool. When the hangman was adjusting the tope Tound her neck, she asked him if he could not "put something soft round!" On reaching the plattorm it rained, aud an umbrella was asked for by an offi.er, for the clergyman, The crimnal being desired by the Governor to move on withhim,she said,. "No, will wait for the umbrella. She .was again reminded to proceed, b.it repeated that she would wait for the umb.ella. Edwin Croswell, editor of the Albany Ar gus, it is rumored, is to have the appointment of Minister to the Russian Court. . COIt is said that two or three cases of small pox are reported at Indianapolis. One of the editors of the Sentinel has been attacked with it. It is believed another stampede will take place among the members of the Legisk: ture. The only pity is that they found their way back the last time. - . " fX3Maj. W. W. Bliss of Gen. Taylor's staff, passed through Montgomery, Alabama, on the 13th, on- bis route to" Washington city. " ' - "