Evening Republican, Volume 23, Number 237, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 1 October 1920 — Page 2

RENSSELAER REPUBLICAN . non lil I I I "■■ ■■ nntornd Jan. 1 in?, at Meond claw lull mattar. at under th! Act at Mwh t 1H JXnUKtATT ■naouraoi masmb . ■ SomlrWoeldy, year, la advance. •».••- Dally, bycarrtor, 1» ©eats a weak. Slnclc copins. 1 coots. IA»Q a year. _ ~ „ * mwb »©b auuMsm a»». •Baum**of U The and co?u?p«r line' first insertion? * ©•»*© per line each additional Daily. 6 ceuta per line flrat ineertlon. X peTline each additional laeortloaJ No reader accepted for leu than Bale Adi vittel ngSingle oolutnnreadlnF matter type. It-00 for fiSt inaction. |I.H for each additional uyertion. ' No dieplay ad accepted for tore than SO oeata CARRIER BOYS. • Thomae TVnnnslly Phone 253 Morgan Lynge Phono 455 cS WdS- ?»«»• Pater Van Lear -No Bud Myere Phone 434 Ward Sande ———Phone 434 GALL BILLY CAMPBELL. If your carrier boy mhaoi you with the Evening Republican call E7R and William CampbellwifT supply the missing paper. FRIDAY, OCTOBER 1. 1920.

HARDING’S FARM POLICIES.

Senator Hardin* presented a comprehensive program for the aid of agricniture in bls speech at the Minnesota ■fata fair, delivered at Minnas noils. His understanding of the farm problems and his sympathetic attitude assures the farmers of the Lud that they will have a genuine friend at the head of the government if Warding is elected. ' The Republican candidate set forth, tn dellnite terms, his policy for the farm, which includes the following developments: Larger representation for farmers in governmental affairs, particularly With regard to trade and finance. Bstabllahment of a system of cooperative associations for marketing farm products. A scientific study of the world market tor farm products with a view to stabilization of prices. Curtailment of unnecessary price fixing and of efforts to arbitrarily re duce farm product prices.. Administration of the farm loan act so as to decrease tenancy, promote diversified farming and provide for long term credits. Restoration of railway faculties to a state of highest efficiency. Revision of the tariff to protect American agriculture from - unfair competition. The candidate stressed the need for diversified crops and expressed the conviction that both reclamation and intensive farming projects are urgently. needed and should have their proper places in any national undertaking for the benefit of agriculture. He deplored the drift of population from the farm to the city and advocated improvement in the social and home life of the farm. The part played by the farmers in the war was highly praised, and, the delator said, “it will never be under stood or fully appreciated by our pooPM-"

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SENATOR HARDING GUARANTEES FAIR DEAL FOR FARMER

Declares Definite National Agri* cultural Policy Is Vital to Country’s Welfare. WOULD PUT END TO PRICE FIXING OF FARM PRODUCTS tn Address Before Minnesota BtsU Fair Republican Nominee Shows Profound Understanding of Farming and Its Problems.

Minneapolis, (Special)-—“The time has come when, as a nation, we must determine upon a definite agricultural policy. We must decide whether we shall undertake to make of the United States a self-sustaining nation —which means that we shall grow within ©ui own boundaries all of the staple food products needed to maintain the high est type of civilisation —or whether we shall continue to exploit our agricultural resources for the benefit of wur industrial and commericai life, and to leave to posterity the task of finding food enough, by strong-arm methods, if necessary, to support the coming hundreds of mllllona “I believe In the eolf-oustalnlng, In dependent, self-reliant nation, agriculturally, Industrially and politically. We are then the guarantors of our own security and are equal to the task." So declared Senator Harding in a masterly address before the Minnesota State Fair here. In which he revealed a most profound understanding of agriculture, its problems and its relation to the farmer and the consumer in the titles. This speech has been described as the greatest speed) on agriculture which has ever been made by a Presidential candidate. Among other things be said: “A good many years ago a Chinese philosopher uttered a profound truth when ho said: The well-being of a people Is like a tree; agriculture is Its root,- manufacture and commerce are Its branches and its life; if Bio root Is injured the leaves fall, the branches break and the tree dien' Cause for Concom. . “It may seem strange to many good people that at this particular time any one should quote this saying of a wise old Chinese. Never in all our history have prices of farm products ruled so high, measured In dollars, as during the past four years. Farsi land in the great surplus-producing states has advanced to unheard of prices, with every Indication that, but for the tight money conditions, it would go still, higher. Apparently the farmers of the land ard enjoying unprecedented prosperity. Why then, even by Implication, suggest that something may bo wrong with our agriculture, and that the trouble may be communicated to our manufactures and commerce? People in the cities are disposed to think that if there is anything wrong It is in the cities where food is selling at such high prices, and not in the country whore the food is produced. But both form and city students of national problems see th the present agricultural situation certain conditions which give cause for real concern to every lover of his country.* . Me then referred in a most interesting way to the development of the ■rMt central west and sketched briefly the settlement of the great central valleys, as follows: “Through the homestead law th* government gave a form of the richest land m the world to every man who wanted ona Railroads were built, the prairies were plowed up, and almost »ymlght the agricultural production of the United States Increased by 50 per cent Grains were produced and sold at the bare cost of utilising the soil, and the farmers of the older states to the east were smothered by this flood of cheap grain. The only thing that could bo done with this superabundance of food was to build cities out of It And great cities wo did build, not only In the United States, but across the seas." He spoke of the hard conditions which came upon the formers of the central west as a result of their overproduction, and then of the gradual Improvement which began about 1905, when the Increased population tn the cities began to catch up with form production, and how this increased de mand for food was accelerated by the groat World War. Speaking of the part played by the former during he said: Splendid Part of Farmers. TThe splendid part played by the formers of the nation during the war probably never will be understood or folly appreciated by our people. More than 25 per cent of all our fighting mon came from the forma, and after sanding their sons to the camps, the fathers and mothers, with the help of ♦He younger children, turned to and produced more food than was ever be for* produced tn the history of th* world In the same time and from th seme area of land. Their workin; data were smasured not by the clock but by the number of daylight houre They took to themselves the respon afontty of feeding not only onr pwi people, but also our allies across th» saa. In more ways than one. our farm era made the war their *ar *nd count ed no sacrifice too grea t to help fight i through to a successful finish. Th* what, they did, written b, some one who understands It, wiL furnish one of the most glorious chapters is American history. One thing I may say—ln every American oonwletp frem the rwatiroon tot wee to the world war for maintaißM righto, th. farmer has been PM ant American imM ready for oemy “ifottin pointed out seme of the m

- THE EVENING REPUBLICAN, RENSSELAER, IND.

lorxunate resmts in agriculture, growing out of war conditions, especially the premium put oo grain growing at the expense of livestock production. Ho referred io the heavy losses suffered by many livestock producers and feeder a and pointed out the urgent need of restoring the balance between livestock and grain production as quickly as possible On this subject bo said: “For two outstanding reasons the maintenance of a normal balance between livestock and grain production Is a matter of national concern. One Is that we are a meat-eating people, and should have a fairly uniform supply at a reasonable price. Conditions which either greatly stimulate or greatly discourage livestock production result in prices altogether too high for the average consuming public er altogether too low for the producer. The other is that the over-stimulation of grain production depletes the fertility of our land, which Is our greatest national asset, and results in a greater supply than can be consumed at a price profitable to the producer, and-finally to widespread agricultural distress from which all of our people suffer." Speaking of the trend of prices of form products during the next two or three years, he said that no one could forecast them with any accuracy. as a nation we are undergoing the same experience that the Individual undergoes when recovering from a . long and dangerous illness. And then he made this significant statement: “It must be evident, however, to any one who has given the matter even superficial consideration, that we have now come to the end of the long period of agricultural exploitation tn the United States. No longer are there great and easy and awaiting areas of i fertile land awaiting the land hungry. We have now under the plow practically all of ©hr easlly-tillablo land though idle areas await redamatidn and development by that genius and determination which ever have made nature respond to human needs. Additions of consequence, which we may make to our forming area, from this , time on, must come by putting water on the dry lands of the arid and semi- i arid country, or by taking water off of j the swamp lands, of which we have large areas in some sections, or by dig- ■ gin* the stumps out of the cut-over timber lands of the north and south. Other Altematlv© an Unhappy Ono. “If wo should unhappily choose the course of Industrial and commercial promotion at the expense of agriculture, cities will continue to grew at the i expense of the rural community, ag- l ! riculture will inevitably break down end finally destroy the finest rural civilization, with the greatest possibilities the world has ever seen. Decreased farm production will make dear food and wo shall be obliged to send our ships to far-away nations tn search of cheap foodstuffs, the importation of which is. sure to Intensify agricultural discouragement and distress at home. “If, on the other hand, wfi shall determine to build up here a self-sus-taining nation —and what lover of his country can make a different choice? —then we must at once set about the development of a system of agriculture which will enable us to feed our pee*ple abundantly, with some spare for export in years of plenty, and at prices which will insure to the former and his family both financial rewards and educational, social and religious living conditions fairly comparable to those offered by the cities. A sound system of agriculture can not be maintained on any other basis. Anything short of a fair return upon Invested* capital, and a fair wage for the labor which goes into the crops, and enough in addition to enable the farmer to maintain the fertility of his soil, and insure against natural hazards will drive large numbers of formers to the cities.” Senator Hardin* made it perfectly clear that this is a problem tn which city people have Just as much Interest as the farmer. That unless we can work out a rational and fair agricultural policy, the drift to the city will continue and our trouble will grow constantly worse. Speaking of farm organisations, h< said the form organization of the prea ent day is quite different from the on ganlzation of the past; that formers have learned sound principles of or ganlzation; that they are adapting ti their work the methods which .bush ness men and working men have found successful tn furthering their own interests. He referred especially to the successful organizations established by tiie fruit growers of the west and by the grain growers of the northwest, and said the formers of the corn belt states are also rapidly perfecting the most powerful organization of formers ever known In the country. He pointed out very frankly the danger ♦hat would come to the nation if the problems of the former were not frankly recognized, and if the former was not given absolutely fair treatment. ■ Mo said we have witnessed restricted production of manufactures and of labor, but we have not yet experienced the intentionally restricted production of foodstuffs, and expressed the hwe ♦ha* wo never nmy have that mvon “while frankly recognizing the need of a national agricultural policy, he disclaimed any intention of suggesting that tiie government should work out an elaborate system of agriculture and then try to impose it on tiie formers of the country. He denounced sach an effort as utterly repugnant to American Ideals. He said that government paternalism, whether applied to agriculture er t© any other of our great national industries, would stifle ambition, impair efficiency, lessen predueties and make us a nation es ent tncmnpetaata. He said foe formfo requires no special fovors at the hands of tha government All he needs Is a fair chance and anfo Jnst conrideriitien for agriculture as we ought to give to a basic Industry, and ever qpek to promote for our comm<m good. Senator Harding then definite policies to which foe Bepubli can party is committed, and which he as its candidate, Farm Ropreoentatlon. , HraV—The need es farm repynta tian In larger governmental affaire Is reoognlaad. During foe past seven years the right et agriculture to a

voice In governmental administration baa been practically Ignored, and at times the former has suffered grievously as a reaolt. The former has a vital Interest In our trade relations with other countries, in the administration of our financial policies and In many of the larger activities of foe government. Sooond,—Tha right of fannore to form co-oporatlv© associations for the marketing of their products must bo granted. The parasite tn distribution who preys on both producer and consumer must nd longer sap tiie vitality of this fundamental life. Scientific Study. Third. — Th© Republican party pledges itself to a scientific study of agricultural prices and farm production costa, both at homo and abroad, with a view to reducing the frequency of abnormal fluctuations here. Stabilization will contribute to everybody’s confidence. Farmers have complained bitterly of the frequent and violent fluctuations In prices of form products, and especially in prices es live stock. They do not find such fluctuations in Che products of other industries. In a general way prices of farm products must g© np or down, according to whether there is a plentiful crop or a short one. The former’s raw materials are the fertility of the soil, the sunshine and the rain, and the size of bls crops is measured by the supply of these raw materials and the skill with which be makes use of them. He cannot control his production and adjust it to the demand as can foe manufacturer. But be can see no good reason why foe prices of bis products should fluctuate so violently from week to week and sometimes from day to day. To Stop Price Fixing. Fourth,—We promise to put an end to unneceesary price fixing es farm products and to 111 considered efforts arbitrarily to reduce farm product prices. Government drives against food prices such as we have experienced during the past two years are vain and useless. The ostensible purpose of such drives is to reduce foe price foe consumer pays for food. The actual result is unjustly to depress for a time foe prices the farmer receives for his grain and live stock, but with no appreciable reduction la the price foe consumer pays. Such drives simply give foe speculator and foe profiteer additional , opportunities to add to their exactiona Fifth.—Wo favor the administration of the farm loan act so aa to help men who farm to secure farms of their own and to give to them long time credits, needed to practice foe best methods of diversified farming. We also favor the authorization of associations to provide the necessary machinery to furnifo personal credit to foe man, whether land owner or tenant, who is hampered for lack of working capital Unfortunately as lead increases in value tenancy also increasea » An Increasing fivll. This has been true throughout hie tory. At foe present time probably one-half of foe high priced land tn the corn belt states is formed by men who because of lack of capital, find It necessary to rent This increase In ten ancy brings with it evils which are a real menace to national welfare. The tengut who lacks sufficient working

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capital and who .tea is werklni under a abort time lease is forced to farm the land to the limit and rob itef Its fertility in order to pay the rant Amid sueb conditions we have ineffi dent schools, broken down churches and a sadly limited social life. We should therefore concern ourselves not only in helping men to secure farms of their own and In helping the tenant secure the working capital he needs to carry on the best methods of diversified farming, but. we phould work out a system of land leasing which, while doing full justice to both landlord and tenant, will at the same time conserve the fertility of the soil. Transportation Systems. Sixth.—We do not longer recognize the right to speculative profit In the operation of our tranaportation systems, but we are pledged to restore them to the highest state of efficiency aa quickly as possible. Agriculture ban suffered more severely than any otber Industry through the Inefficient railroad service of the .last two Many farmers have Incurred disastrous losses through Inability to market their grain and live stock. Such a condition must not be permitted to continue. We must bring about conditions which will give us prompt aerv Ice at the lowest possible rates. Seventh. —We are pledged to the revision of the tariff as soon as conditions shall make It neceasary for the preaervation of the home market for Almerican labor, American agriculture and American Industry. If we are to build up a self sustaining agriculture here at home the farmer must be protected from unfair competition from those countries where agriculture is still being exploited and where the atandards of living on the farm are much lower than here. We have asked tor higher American standards; let us maintain them. So long as America can produce the foods we need I am tn favor of buying from America first Fewer Land Hogs. Under a sound system of agriculture, fostered and., safeguarded by wise and fair administration of state and federal government, the farmers of the United States can feed our people for many centuries—-perhaps Indefinitely Farming is not an auxiliary; It is the main plant, and geared with IL inseparably, is every wheel of transports tlon and industry. America could not go on with a dissatisfied farming people, and no nation Is secure where land hunger abides. We need fewer land hogs, who menace our future, and more fat hogs for ham aad bacon. We need less begullement tn cultivating a Quadrennial crop of votes and more consideration for farming as our basic industry. We need less appeal to class consciousness and more resolute intelligence in promptly solving our problems. We need rest and recuperation for a soil which has been worked out in agitation and more and better harvests in the inviting fields of mutual understanding. We need less of grief about the ills which we may charge to the neglect of our citizenship and more confidence in Just government, along with determination to' make and bo* It Just

Farm leases tor. sale at the Republican office, grain and cash rent., Job work at the Republican office, office.

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Fine Peaches WE WILL RETURN THURSDAY WITH ELEGANT MICHIGAN PEACHES COMER AND SAIDLA AT THE Isaac Saidla Residence Lincoln Avenue Phone ■ lIS Green or 904-L

C2TY BUS LINE CALL FOR TRAINS AND CITY SERVICE STOCKTON & SON PHONE 107. ' 1