Evening Republican, Volume 23, Number 214, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 4 September 1920 — Page 3

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July.

July was originally the fifth month of the Roman year. In the Alban calendar it had a complement of 38 days, which was’reduced to 31 and then to 80, and' it stood- thus tor many centuries. ▲t length Julius Caesar restored it to 81. He felt a personal interest in July, as it was his natal month. After the death of this great law-giver and reformer .Marc Antony changed the namo from Qulntills to July, in honor of Caesar’s family name, in eider to note that as the sun was most potent at this time so was Caesar the mqst powerful potentate who had ever lived. Our Saxon ancestors called July “Hey Mona th” because they usually moved their hay at that period of the year.— Chicago Journal.

Black Hole of Calcutta.

This name was given to an apart*meat In Calcutta in which a party of English were confined on the night of June 20, 1756. The garrison of the fort connected with the English factory at . Calcutta was captured by the Nawab Siraj-ud-Daulu, who caused all the prisoners taken to be confined in a room 18 by 14. feet 10 inches. This cell had only two windows, obstructed by a veranda. Of the 150 people who spent the night in a horror of thirst, heat and agony from pressure, only 23 survived the experience.

Natural Explanation.

“Why is it that the dark horses in a political convention always keep so quiet?” “Because under the circumstances, the word with none of them can be nay.”

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MUST HAVE SURPRISED CZAR

John Randolph Had His Own Ideas of What to Do When Presented at Russian Court. When John Randolph, erratic American statesman from Virginia, was in Russia he was about to be presented to the czar. Someone undertook to teach him the presentation etiquette of the Russian court. As minister he was to enter the room and bow; at the center of the room he was to pause and bow a second time, after which the czar would meet him and engage Mm in conversation. But Randolph was Indignant at the thought that anyone could presume to teach him anything, and declared that he knew all about H without being shown. The day of presentation arrived and Randolph entered the door of the audience chamber and bowed very low; he advanced tn the center of the room and bowed again very deeply. Then he approached nearer to the czar, took off one gauntlef'and threw It to the right ot the czar, removed his • other gauptlet and cast It to the left of the czar. Next he pitched off his hat In front, threw off his mantle, unbuckled his sword and discarded It upon the floor and then fell upon his knees at the feet of the czar. The court was speechless and the czar astonished. However, the czar was equal to the occasion, so he'approached the prostrate Randolph, required him to rise and engaged him in conversation. But the reception did not meet Randolph’s expectations, and within a month he left Russia in considerable of a huff at what he deemed mistreatment at the hands of the czar.

Czecho-Slovakia.

The new republic of Czecho-Slovakia has an area of between 50,000 and 60*000 square miles and a population «f 12,500,000. »

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THE EVENING REPUBLICAN, RENSSELAER, IND.

HAS FOUND CRADLE OF EEL

Scientist Tells the World All About the Habits of That Migratory Aquatic Creature. The eel has been tracked to his cradle. It has taken us 2,000 years to learn that eels, living in ponds and rivers climb out when full grown, crawl over the land, find a river running to the ocean, go out to sea, and lay eggs which produce offspring that come back in billions up the rivers from which 1 their parents descended, says London Tit-Bits. A scientist has now tracked down these elusive marvels to the spawning grounds. It is the Sargasso sea, that enormous sea garden through which Columbus first sailed to the terror of his crews, from September to October, 1492. Of course, that is not the only nursery. Upon hatching, the eel larvae drift with the current, undergo a marvelous transformation, reach Europe, swarm up the river, climb the batiks, cross dusty fields and parched meadows to Inland ponds and ditches, and then settle there for the next seven or eight years, when they swim back to the Sargasso to lay their eggs and die. Is not that a crowning marvel of the migratory instinct? Across the Atlantic in infancy, to fatten In a wayside Hngllsh pond, and back again, grown up, across the wide ocean.

Names.

Most men of high destinies have high sounding names. Pym and Habakuk may be pretty well, but they must not think to cope with the Cromwells and Isaiahs. And you could not find a better ease in point than that of the English admirals. Drake and Rooke and Hawke are picked names for men of execution. Frobisher, Rodney, Boscawen, Foul-Wather, Jack Byron are all good to catch the eye in a page of a naval history. Oloudesley Shovel is a mouthful of quaint and sounding syllables. Benbow has a bulldog quality that suits the man’s character, and it takes us back to those English archers who were his true comrades for plainness, tenacity and pluck. Raleigh is spirited and martial, signifies an act of bold conduct th the field. . . . —“Virglnibus Puerlsque.” by Louis Stevenson.

How Spiders Travel.

Spinning webs Is second nature with spiders. After they are hatched from the eggs in a cocoon, they cling together for about a week. Then they separate, but their legs do not carry them very far. Facing the wind, and lending on the tips of their legs, the baby spiders raise their abdomens and emit a silken thread. The faintest current wafts the gossamer in the air, and when enough is let out to permit of aerial flight the Insect drifts away. When It wishes to land It hauls in the thread. Wherever it lands it can spin webs without the slightest instructions from older spiders. Older male spiders seem to lose this gift There are about 550 species of splders In America, but only two, the house and garden spiders, are well known. '

A Craven Suitor.

*T am convinced that I could never make you happy,” wrote an abject lover to the lady who had won his heart “You are of a different world from mine. You are to me as white marble to dull red clay. The devotion of my life would not recompense you for the sacrifice you would make In miirrying me. I know I can never hope to make you happy, but If you think otherwise let me know by return.” The woman who could accept so craven a lover as this can scarcely hope to be complimented on her judgment or on her capture.

BIRDS HAVE VARIOUS NAMES

Get Cognomens From Habits or Plumage fhough Not Infrequently . From Song or Call. Birds are given various names in various parts of the country; some get these names from their habits, others from their plumage, while the song, or call, In other cases is responsible for the nickname -of the bird, according to London Answers. The cuckoo has two mates. The meadow pippit is known as the cuckoo’s mate in some parts of the country, because of its habit of always accompanying the cuckoo from place to place throughout its stay In this country. The wryneck gets the same name for a different reason. It arrives in the country about the same time, or a few days earlier than the cuckoo, and therefore the name has been given It. Little “Bread-and-no-cheese” is per- . haps rather a mouthful, but the name! Is given to the yellow bunting on ae- j count of the fact that its simple song resembles these words more than anything else in the worid. “Yaffle” Is the name given to that laughing bird of the woods, the green woodpecker, also known by the less cheerful cognomen of rain bird, be-, cause whenever it laughs the glass goes back and the rain comes down. In other words, the laugh of the green' woodpecker, like the “hee-haw” of the 1 donkey, is considered by many to be a sure sign of wet weather. The whitethroat has a habit of creeping along the lower parts of the hedges, where the nettles grow,: and therefore it has acquired for itself the name of “nettle creeper.”

TIRE KNOWN BY MANY NAMES

Not Including What It Is Called by Impatient Autolst When It Punctures. I — 0 A thing which ties is a tire —say makers of the dictionary. The first purpose of the tire was to tie or band the wheel together. As time passed, the original meaning of the word has been lost sight of the tire is the part of the wheel which touches the road and stands the wear and tear of travel. England and her possessions, except Canada, spells the word “tyre* No less an authority than England's own Encyclopedia Britannica is on reo ord with the opinion that “this spelling is not now accepted by the best English authorities,” yet “tyre” persists. In some of the Spanish-speaking countries, such as Chile and the Argentine, tires are known as “neumaticos.” In Mexico they are “llanlas.” In other places where Spanish Is the language, notably Cuba, the correct word is “gomas.” In Brazil, where Portuguese ds spoken, the name is *pneumatlcoß.” The French have the short name “pneus” for tires.” This is a contraction of pneumatlques. In practically all the Scandinavian countries the Danish word “gummriginger"—rubber ring—is used.

Making a Citizen.

You make the citizen by giving him intelligence. He must learn to see things as they are. He must also learn to see the possibilities and rise in power to put them to the test. There is no place for the coward in the march of progress. We need men, “brave men, who dare while others fly.” And this means they must have brains and brawn with which to fight life’s battles and hold their own in the world. And to intelligence we must add constancy. It avails little to be brilliant if you haven’t the power to stick to your job until you make a success of it. Persistence will help you win, when you put your head to work. These are the first things In the making of citizens. The home and the school must work together to oroduce It.—Grit

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