Evening Republican, Volume 23, Number 34, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 7 February 1920 — Page 2

New Process an Aid in Reducing Sugar Shortage

The housewife may be experiencing continued difficulty in securing sugar, but this commodity might have been more scarce and the price much higher had not ice-cream manufacturers adopted a new process suggested by the agricultural experiment station of the University of Illinois. In the last year and a half a vast majority of the makers of this semiessential food have saved approximately 30 per cent of the amount of sugar formerly used and effected this saving without decreasing output or lowering the quality of the product. Of course, there is no way telling just how great a saving this particular work of the university has meant to the state and nation, but it has certainly been large, because it has enabled ice-cream manufacturers who used the suggestion to maintain output from the time the government cut their sugar rations to eighty per cent of the pre-war amounts to the present time. Here is the suggestion that was sent out by the university: It was found that cane or beet sugar could be inverted by the simple process of heating in the presence of acid, the chemical reaction taking place resulting in the same products being formed as are formed when sugar is taken into the human bodk And so 100 pounds of sugar, 44 pounds of water and 50 grams of powdered tartaric-acid, «ixedr together-aud bulled flora thirty or thirty-five minutes in a steam pressure kettle or open candy kettle, produced 140 pounds of syrup. The resultant inverted sugar syrup was not unlike strained honey in appearance and taste. It contained 71.4 per cent sugar, tasted considerably sweeter than sugar, did not crystallize, and mixed readily with the ingredients of ice-cream. It could be used in the same proportions as sugar —the amount necessary for ten gallons of icecream being six and one-half to seven pounds. So successful did the tests prove that manufacturers immediately adopted it and are continuing to use it today. It was readily seen that by using the method the sugar supply could literally be stretched, for with only 71.4 per cent as much sugar used as formerly, the same degree of sweetness was obtained. There was thus a saving of approximately 300,000 pounds out of every million pounds formerly used.

Money and Value

More in Silver Coin Than Appears on Face of it

The person who doesn’t know much about monetary science finds certain facts which puzxle him. If he has among his souvenirs, for instance, a perfectly good trade dollar, plainly stamped “420 grains," he may find it refused if he attempts to use it as legal tender. It is quoted in the coin market at something less than half a dollar. Yet he knows that an ounce of silver, which contains only 480 grains, is worth on the market upward of 51.86. T'He silver in that coin, then, has a market value of about $1.20. Or perhaps he gets "stuck” with a coin of Canada, . containing a less abundant weight of silver, but practically equal to United States coins of the same denomination; it is refused or he has to pass it at a discount. Yet this also has more than Its face value of silver. Silver that two years ago was worth only 50 cents an ounce is today headed for $1.40 an ounce, apparently. Knowing that when silver is at $1.30 or higher there is money in melting any of our coins for the metal, our financial powers are worried. At any time they may wake up to discover that silver currency has disappeared from circulation. There’s more money in it than appears on the face of it —Hartford Times.

GETHSEMANE

In golden youth when seems the earth A Summerland of singing mirth. When souls are glad and hearts are light And not a shadow lurks In sight. We do not know it, but there lies. Somewhere veiled under evening skies A garden which we all must see — The garden of Gethsemane. With joyous steps we go our ways. Love lends a halo to our days; Ught sorrows sail like clouds afar. We laugh and say how strong we are. We hurry on; and hurrying go Close to the border land of woe. That waits for you, and waits for me— Forever waits Gethsemane. Down shadowy lanes, across strange streams. Bridged over by our broken dreams. Behind the misty caps of years. Beyond the great salt fount of tears The garden lies. Strive as you may, Tou cannot miss it on your way— AU paths that have been or shall be Pass somewhere through Gethsemane. AH those who journey, soon or late. Must pass within the garden gate. Must kneel alone In darkness there. And battle with some fierce despair. God pity those who cannot say. "Not mine but Thine.” who only pray, this cup pass.” and cannot see The purpose of Gethsemane. —Ella Wheeler Wilcox.

The World’s Population.

A conservative estimate, based on rough estimates of the world's population, which even now are hardly more than guesses, shows that there are probably about as many people living oow as have died within the last 140 years.

Popular and Electoral Vote.

The number of electoral votes and &e popular vote for Prerident Wilson and Charles B. Hughes in the last election were: Popular vote: Wilson, Huzhes. 8.53 a Electoral: Wilson, 277; Hughes, 254.

Mother’s Cook Book

A pound of patience and- Belt-control With words of honey sweetEndurance a quart and energy roll : —ln-an"Y6ira&BTretb"eat. When'mixing a cake be not a machine. And learn from lessons of sorrow-"hy-glene” But study the why and the how, The effects of all you allow. —Mary C. Upham. re— Dishes to Tempt the Appetite. Shape rich bread dough in sticks similar to bread sticks. Place on a buttered sheet, cover and let rise in a warm place 15 minutes. Brush over with the white Qf egg diluted with a tablespoonful of water. Sprinkle with powdered sugar and chopped nuts. Bake in a hot oven about ten minutes. These are delicious served with coffee or chocolate. They are called "flutes.” Baked Banana With Sultan Sauce. Cook one-half cupful of sultana raisins in 1% cupfuls of boiling water for 30 minutes. Mix well one-half cupful of sugar with two teaspoonfuls of cornstarch, then stir into the raisins and water which should measure a cupful. Boil six minutes, add one teaspoonful each of lemon juice and vanilla. Serve poured around baked bananas.

Apple Souffle. Pare, core and stew four tart apples In just enough water to keep from burning. Put through a sieve. To one tablespoonful of butter in a saucepan add four tablespobnfuls of cornstarch and one tablespoonful of flour, one-fourth of a teaspoonful of saltfour tablespoonfuls of cold water and cook until clear. Add one cupful of hot apple pulp, e and one teaspoonful of lemon juice. Remove from the fire and add three wellbeaten egg yolks, then cut and fold in the whites beaten stiff. Pour Into a well-buttered baking dish and bake until puffed and delicately brown.

Blanquette of Chicken. Make one cupful of cream sauce, put It in a double boiler and add one pint of cooked chicken cut in bits and one k tablespoonful of minced parsley. When hot beat the yolks of two eggs, add two tablespoonfuls of milk and stir into the chicken. Serve in a rice or potato border. Home-Made Breakfast Food. Take three-fourths cupful each of graham and wheat flour, mix well, add salt and winter and cook as usual to a thick mush. Serve with cream and sugar.

Legion Posts Throughout Country More Than 6,500

Z, American Legion posts in the United States and foreign countries now total 6,561, it was recently announced at national headquarters in Indianapolis. France, England and Canada each have one post, Alaska has spur posts, Hawaii five. Cuba one, Panama one, Mexico one and the Philippine islands one. Ten states have more than 200 posts each. New York leads the states with 777 posts ; Pennsylvania is second with 497, and Illinois is third with 309 posts. lowa has 345 local organizations, Ohio has 298, Massachusetts 238, New Jersey 224, Missouri 220 and Indiana 203.

Early Playing Cards.

In early playing cards swords took the of “spades” and representations of coins were the equivalent of “diamond*,* ■. t —

THE EVENING REPUBLICAN, RENSSELAER, IND.

Negro Supreme in Liberia, but Must Endure Conditions That Very Few Could Enjoy

The negro Is supreme in Liberia. No one of another race can own land or vote in the republic. But after considering the irritations that those who live In Liberia must endure, as Emory Ross outlines them in the Geographical Review, few people would care to ■hare the negro’s privileges. Besides the trying conditions of climate and disease, there Is a host of pests, and little irritations constantly occur. Moths eat up clothing; cockroaches devour bookbindings and nest in the cookhouse; rats climb to impossible locations and leave nothing but the fragments of what they have eaten there- white ants consume the sills of houses and the rungs of chairs; driver ants sweep through the house and force every other living creature therein, from the lord and master down to the lurkink'lizard, to flee even in the dead of night or in the midst of rain; jiggers bore under the skin of the foot and lay their eggs; fleas bite; the heat produces a rash against' which the lightest clothing feels llkenetales; and, to crown all, comes dhobie’s-itch, These things and the proverbial one thousand and one others like them are real and Irritating at any time, but through the blur of a“toucho?sun” or the haze of a burning fever they assume proportions out of all reason. The odors, the mists, the sights, the sounds get on the nerves; the heavy, drooping, silent, impenetrable green forest everywhere shuts one in like a smothering grave; the mind grows sick, and the body follows. No one should stay on the west coast of Africa longer than 18 months at a time.

One-Half of Precipitation Evaporates, Two-Thirds Runs Off, One-Third Is Absorbed

Water power, or white coal, as It is called on account of the white, tumbling foam at the foot of a waterfall, is full of romance. It Is really amazing to think of a city miles away from the falls being lighted by their power; but few, perhaps, realize whence the falls receive their energy, or how it may be measured before It reaches the powerhouse. The only source of inland water supply is virtually the precipitation on the earth’s surface, which comes in the form of rain or snow. Of the total precipitation practically 50 per cent is evaporated, 33 1-3 per cent runs off to the sea, and about 16 2-3 per cent is taken up by plant growth. Of these the run-off is all that Is available, and a part of this must be used for domestic and municipal supply, a part for artificial Irrigation, a part for manufactures, while the balance only is available for water-power development. and is useful for that purpose if sufficient fall is found In a reasonable distance. In the United States the annual precipitation varies from 150 inches in the mountainous regions to 9 Inches at low altitudes. In the valleys of Idaho, for Instance, it is 20 Inches, and on the mountains of the eastern range it reaches 40 to 60 Inches.

Oldest Conductor in World Runs Southern Indiana Train

If Doctor Osler were to visit Orleans. Ind., with a side trip on the Monon railroad, he probably would receive a shock —not so much from the rumble of the train but at John Bills, age eighty-nine, alert and active, its conductor, — Bills makes the round trip three times each day between Orleans and French Lick, a distance of 18 miles. He has been in the Monon service approximately forty years, having been a railroad man prior to that time in the West during the pioneer days. Bills is married, he and his wife having made -their home there for manv vears. He not only performs the usual ‘duties of passenger conductor, but at times when it becomes necessary to turn the accommodation into a mixed train. Bills helps out as a brakeman. As the slow-moving engine picks its way through southern Indiana hills John Bills frequently may be seen sealing a box car and riding atop his train. He is the oldest active railroad conductor in the world.

WORTH REMEMBERING

Friendship rings truest in adversity. Poverty need never fear that sunshine will be rationed. Many a hero owes all to the thought 'that he gave to his comrade. An unjust sentence is never known in the. court of conscience. The wrong we do to one another is sure to return with its sting. If the sum total of health could only be calculated, there would be very few who could truthfully say. that they are poor today I

Four Eclipses During Year.

Here is a little meteorological information for 1920 that may be of interest It indicates four eclipses will be seen during the year. Two will be of the sun and two of the moon. The first will be a total eclipse of the moon on May 2; the next eclipse will be a partial eclipse of the sun. May 17; the next a total eclipse of the moon, October 27, and the last a partial eclipse of the sun on November 10. Tboinis from the government weather bureau. '

Community Vaudeville

Special Entertainment Wn Provided fa .the CMAm ci ——= Washington During the Holiday*.

vaudeville on a trailer was brougnt to the children of Washington during the holiday season by the District of Columbia community service. The outfit had room for two dressing rooms as well as a stage, and three entertainments were given each afternoon in different neighborhoods without charge to the children.

Sea Otter Now Is Extinct; Coat or Cloak Worth More Than Its Weight in Gold

Everyone who has ever done a day’s rabbiting knows the ferret Not so many are aware that the ferret is merely a tame albino variety of the polecat or fitch, and that it Is a near relation of the stoat the weasel and the otter. -.-- — — It Is from the weasel tribe, says Pearson’s Weekly, that the finest and most costly furs in the market are taken. First and foremost comes the ermine. Ermine, the royal fur, is nothing but the winter skin of the common stoat. This animal turns white in snow time, all but the very tip of its tail, which remains black. The marten is common in Canada, but nearly extinct in England. It is a tree-climbing weasel, and It is this animal which supplies that immensely valuable fur known as “sable.” There are Russian and Siberian varieties of the marten. As is the case with most other furs, skins from the far North are much more valuable than those procured in warmer latitudes. In southern and central Europe is found the stone marten, the skin of which, though not equal to real sable, Is quite valuable. So, too, is that of the Kolinsky marten, which is found in Russia. The otter, it must be remembered, is nothing but a large variety of weasel that has taken to the water for a live-, lihood. While the skins of the ordinary fresh-water otter have no particular value in the fur market, the pelt of the true sea otter is today the most valuable of all furs. The sea otter Is, or was. found off the coast of Alaska, but it has been so relentlessly hunted that It Is now nearly, if not quite, extinct. A coat or cloak of sea otter would be worth much more than its weight in gold.

Late Experiments Upset Old Theory That Chilling of the Body Is the Cause of Colds

The question of how we catch cold even now awaits final judgment. The common cold —be it one disease or several —is now regarded as an infection, and colds from infected persons are surely known, but there are still victims who trace their troubles to wet feet, or sitting in a draft. An inference has been that the disease bacteria may rest inert on the mucous membrane of the throat until stirred to action by the chilling of the body. A familiar explanation is that chilling ofthe skin drives the blood to the internal organs, and by congestion lessens their resistance, but the late St. Louis experiments of S. Mudd and S. B. Grant have shown that there is no such congestion. The temperature of the skin and mucous membranes actually falls with chilling of distant parts of the body surface and rises again when the person is warmed externally. .The Investigators conclude that interruption of the circulation may bring infection by upsetting the equilibrium between host and micro-organisms in such a way as. decreasing the respiration of the crfls, retarding waste removal, or lessening the local supply of the antibodies of immunity.

Kangaroo Farming.

Kangaroo farming is an important Industry In Australia. The hides are valuable and the tendons extremely fine; indeed, they are the best material knovtn to surgeons for sewing up Wounds, and especially for holding broken bones together, being much finer and tougher than catgut.

A Worth-While Lake.

The famous Trinidad asphalt lake haw Tweri found of uniform character down to 150 feet below the surface. ’ ■ - .. .. .- •*' - '<t ■

Hieroglyphic and Cursive Writing Unknown to Tribes Until Almost Modern Times

Hieroglyphic writing preceded the art of cursive writing, and the latter, being at first regarded as sacred, was confined to the priesthood. Before the invention of either, communications between individuals, tribes and nations wef^madebymeansof the interchange of material objects, which were regarded symbolically, and a code of signals was thus devised for the transmission of important messages. For instance, Cooper in his “Travels of a Pioneer of Commerce,” says that a piece of chicken liver, two pieces of chicken fat, and a chill wrapped in red paper, meant: “Prepare to fight at once.” Cursive, or even hieroglyphic, writing was unknown to many savage tribes until almost modern times. About 1295. Toktai. a Kipshak prince, sent a symbolical declaration of war to Noghai, one of the most influential of Mongol princes. It consisted of a hoe. an arrow, and a handful of earth, which Noghai Interpreted as meaning: “If you hide in the earth, I will dig you out; if you rise to the heavens, I will shoot you down; choose a battlefield.” The ancient Peruvian Indians used a system of small stones, by means of which they learned the words they desired to remember.

TIPS FOR THE POULTRY GROWERS

Culling the flock of poor laying hens should be done by daylight, when yellow and white can be readily distingulshed,~accbrdlhjg E. Jones, poultry specialist for the extension service of the Connecticut Agricultural college, at Storrs. No one need hesltate to catch and handle hens in daylight if they are not unnecessarily frightened. A convenient and easy way of holding a hen for examination is to place the breast bone in the palm of the hand, with the fleshy part of the legs held firmly each side of the forefinger. The feeling of the breast bone in the palm of the hand at once Indicates the quality of the hen. With the other hand it is easy to measure the distance between the pelvic bones, and from the pelvic bones to the breast bone. While doing this, look at the plumage, comb, shanks, beak, ear lobes and vent, and the examination is complete. It is nbt safe to judge a hen by any one of the indications of production or non-production alone, advises Mr. Jones. There are exceptions to all rules, and it is only by giving each point due credit that a correct conclusion can be reached.

Most Oriental Nations Write From Right to Left

Most oriental nations, particularly the Semitic, write from right to left, whilst the Aryan nations write from left to right. The Chinese write perpendicularly from top to bottom, beginning on the right-hand side of the sheet. The ancient Greeks used at one time to write in alternate directions, the first line from right to left, the second line from left to right, and so .on; whilst the ancient Mexicans wrote in a circle, beginning from the center.

225 Isles in Fiji Group.

The Fiji islands include about 225 islands, of which some 80 are inhabited. The main island is Viti Levu, on which Suva, the capital, is situated; but there are others ot importance, such aa Vanua Leva, Tuveuni, Kanda vu. Ovalou and the Yasawas and Lau groups. • -

Miniature Trees Produced by Permanently Curtailing the Growth of the Roots

Miniature trees used as parlor decorations generally belong to species which under ordinary conditions grow to a much greater height. These particular examples owe their small size to the fact that their growth has been artificially stunted. The process is simple, according to Popular MeehaniCß. Cut a thick-skinned orange in two, and remove the pulp from one of the halves. Coat the skin on the outside with shellac to preserve it, and fill It with fine, rich soil. Plant two or three seeds of some evergreen tree in the soil, and set it in a room where the growing plant will get plenty of light. Be careful to prop up the skin in such a way that the shoot will grow vertically ; do not allow the room where it stands to become overheated, and water the soil in moderation from time to time. When the roots force their way through the peel, cut them off flush with the outer surface, and in doing so be careful not to injure the coat of shellac. After the plant has attained maturity it may be placed in a large flower pot, and will continue to thrive there, but as its roots have been curtailed, it will be unable to draw more than a reduced amount of nourishment from the soil, and so its growth will be permanently stunted. Cedars, pines and even some fruit trees, endure this process remarkably well.

THESE ARE SMILES

Prediction Disproved. He (after popping the question)— Why are you crying, dearest? Did I offend you by my proposal? She —Oh, no, dear, it’s not that. I am crying from pure joy. Mother has always told me that I was such an idiot that I wouldn’t get even a donkey for jrsweetheart, and now I’ve got one after all.

Not Entirely Well.

/ The Limit. Amateur Hunter —What if I should mistake you Tor a deer? Guide —If I’m more’n fifty yards away that'll be all right. But if I happen to be any closer I’ll come back and jolt you on the jaw. -

Just a Form of Speech. “I've got no use for that fellow.” “Is that a good reason for scorning him? Surely you don’t confine your acquaintance to people you expect to have some special use for.”

Vocational Names.

The Call —Are you known as Mrs. Freemeter, your husband’s pen name? The Poet’s Wise —No, I’m known as Mrs. Smith; that’s my washtub name.

Wouldn't Bite.

The Customer — I want to get a pair of merino socks. - The TTew —Merino? That must be splggoty .for marine. You can’t catch me on that gag. If I am a green clerk. Mexican marines don’t wear socks.

Too Serious.

Mrs. Cunningham—Love laughs at locksmiths, you know. Cunningham—Love has no business to laugh at anything.

RIGHT TO THE POINT

■l' 1 And the woman In the case may be a case herself. The fool who had wanted more —and lost all. A rich man who gives nothing is like a tree without fruit. The sunlight of happiness seldom falls upon a shady reputation. The man in the moon is the only chap who seems to thrive on a high ball. To render marriage a success the husband must be patient and the wife a martyr.

Women Are Not ‘Persons’ According to English Law

“Person” In the dictionaries is described as “an individual human being.” But it is not so in England from a legal standpoint, as women do not come within the class. This was revealed when the Royal Astronomical Society of London decided to admit women as fellows of the council. The plan was found to be impossible until the society had its charter altered. Eliglbles for election in the society’s by-laws were described as “persons,* and when legal opinion was obtained it was decided that a “person” was .strictly of the masculine, sex. The ’ change was made In the charter and the cjever women who had distinguished themselves In stargasing were a* mitted to the society. ■ ■ •- • \

"Doctor, how much do I owe you?” “Now, don’t start worrying over financial matters. You’re not strong enough to be told that yet,**