Evening Republican, Volume 22, Number 181, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 2 August 1919 — Page 3

GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY HONORS ITS WAR DEAD

Georgetown university, Washington, situated on an immense promontory overlooking the Potomac, planted memorial trees in’ honor of its 54 dead in the war. The trees, each marked by a bronze tablet with the name of a soldier, were placed along the college paths with appropriate cere monies.

ICEBOX IN ATTIC COOLS HIS HOME

Dr. Bell Turns Trained Mind to Keeping ComfortatJte in Hot Weather. '■ , * BIG VICTORY FOR SCIENCE Air Reduced to 65 Degrees and Inventor Works in Ease While Capital Perspires—Pipes Cold Air in Home. Washington.—Dr. Alexander Graham Bell, inventor of the telephone, has found a way to cool a house and make it comfortable on the hottest day of the year. Recently while other ■Washington people were sweltering he, worked in a room which had been cooled to 65'degrees. His plan, which can be used by anybody, is to store ice in the garret and conduct the cooler air to rooms belows Explaining his discovery to the National Geographic society. Doctor'Bell declared: “You heat your house In winter, why not cool it in summer? We get up to the arctic regions and heat our houses and live. We go down to the tropics and die. “I have found one radical defect in the construction of our houses that absolutely precludes the possibility of cooling them to any great degree. You will readily understand the difficulty when you remember that cold air is heavier %han warm air. You can take a bucket of cold air, for example, and carry it about in the summer time and not spill a drop, but if you make a hole In the bottom of the bucket, of course the cold air will all run out. His Tank-Room Felt Cool. “I began to think that it might be possible .to apply the bucket principle at least to one room in my Washington home and thus get a place of retreat in the summer time. It seemed to be advisable to close up all openings near the bottom of the room to prevent the escape of cold air, and open the windows at the top to let out the-heated air of the, room. “Now it so happens that I have in the basement of my house a swimming tank and it occurred to me that Since this tank holds water it should certainly hold cold air. So I turned the water out and made a room of it. The tank seemed to be damp and the sides felt wet and slippery. • "I reflected, however, that the Condensation of moisture resulted from the fact, that the sides of the tank were cooler than the air admitted. Water vapor will not condense on anything that is warmer than itself, and it occurred to me that if I introduced air that was much colder than I wanted to use, then it would be warming up in the tank and becoming dryer all the time. It would not deposit moisture on the sides and would actually absorb the moisturethere. “I therefore provided a refrigerator

TO SAVE LIFE IN MINES

First Aid Workers Show Advantage of Training. Skill to Be Demonstrated at Contest to Be Held by Bureau of Mines. Washington. That America can bind her wounds as skillfully as she ‘can fight will be shown in the great ■ national first-aid and mine-rescue contest to be held under the auspices of the bureau of mines, department of the interior, at Pittsburgh, Pa., Sep; tember 30 and October 1. Coal and metal miners all over the country are engaging in first-aid and ’mine-rescue contests to fit themselves for the national demonstration. In 10 different mining states, local/or state meets have already been held or will be held in the near future. It ta aatimated that out of the mtl-

ORGETOWN UNIVE

in which were placed large blocks of ice covered' with salt. This was placed in another room at a higher elevation than the tank, and a pipe covered with asbestos was employed to lead the cold air into the tank. “The first effect was the drying of the walls and then I felt the level of the cold air gradually rising. At last it came over my head. The tank was full and I found myself immersed in cool air. I felt so cool and comfortable that it seemed difficult to believe that Washington stood sizzling outside. I climbed up the ladder in the tank until my head was above the surface, and then found myself breathing a hot, damp, muggy atmosphere. I therefore speedily retreated into the tank, where I was perfectly cool and comfortable. Pipes Cold Air in House. “Guided by this experience, I tried another experiment in my house. I put the refrigerator in the attic and led the cold air downward through a pipe covered with asbestos into one of the rooms of, the house. The doors were kept shut and the windows were opened at the top. The temperature in that room was perfectly comfortable, about 65 degrees. “some time ago the newspapers

7,450,200 IS WAR’S TOLL

Estimated Total Battle Deaths for All Belligerents. Total Cost to United States $21,850,000,000 —50,000 Fall in Battle. Washington.—American casualties during the 47-day Meuse-Argonne offensive aggregated 120,000 men, or 10 per cent of the total of 1,200,000 engaged, according to a statistical summary of the war with Germany, prepared by Col. Leonard P. Ayres, chief of the statistical branch of the general staff, and published by the war department. •‘Of' every 100 American soldiers and sailors who took part In the war with Germany,” the report said, “two were killed or died of disease during the period of hostilities. In the northern army during the Civil war the number was about ten. “Among the other great nations in this war, between 20 and 25 in each 100 called to the colors were killed or died.” Best information obtainable by the general staff places the total battle deaths for all belligerents at 7,450,200, divided as follows: Russia 1,700,000 Germany 1,600,000 France 1,385,300 Great Britain 900,000 Austria 800,000 Italy . • • 330,000 Turkey

lion miners in the United States more than a hundred thousand are well trained in emergency first-aid work and hate been instrumental in saving many lives in and around mines. It is said to be a frequent occurrence for hospital surgeons upon receiving an injured miner to declare that the firstaid treatment received in the mine from the- miners had undoubtedly saved the man’s life. These first-aid teams are shattered 1 throughout the United. States where mines are found, and are the results of the pioneer work of the bureau of mines In maintaining a mine-resoae car or station in each of the mining fields for the purpose of training these men. In addition to this work, the bureau’s experts teach the miners bow to save life in. mines, and especially the use of the oxygen mine-rescue apparatus that permits the wearer, after a mine explosion or disaster to en-

THE EVENING REPUBLICAN, RENSSELAER, IND.

were speaking of an ice plant that had been installed in the White House, and congratulated the president, then Mr. Taft, upon a temperature of only 80 degrees when the thermometer showed 100 degrees outside. Uijder similar conditions I enjoyed ih my house a temperature of 65 degrese (the Ideal temperature), with a delicious feeling of freshness in the air.”

WAR CHANGED SIGN POST

As a result of the war the name of a cross road ih the Champagne forest, in common with hundreds of other French roads, has been changed. The road is now called the “Armistice” instead of the “Port."

Serbia and Montenegro 125,000 Belgium * 102,000 Roumanla 100,000 Bulgaria 100,000 United States 49.900 Greece . 7,000 Portugal 2,000 American participation is summarized in the report in the following table: Total armed army, navy, marine corps4,*Boo,ooo Men who went overseas 2,086,000 Men who fought in France.; 1,390,000 Tons of supplies, shipped from America to France 7,500,000 Total registered in draft. 24,234,031 Total draft ImAictlons 2,810,296 Cost of iwar to April 30, 1919, $21,850,000,000 Battles fought by American troops 13 Days of battle —2OO Days of duration of Meuse-Ar-gonne battle 47 American battle deaths in war.... 50,000 American wounded in war.......... 236,000 American deaths from disease..... 56,991 Total deaths in the army 112,422 Under the head of “Sources of the Army,” the report shows that 13 per cent came from the regular army, 10 per cent from the National Guard, and 77 per cent from the draft. A concise history of the military operations In which American troops took part is given in a chapter headed “Two hundred days of battle." Attention was called to the fact that “two of every three American soldiers who reached France took part in battle.”

A reserve supply of perfume for milady is now carried in a hollow finger ring.

Doctors Amputated Legs as Man Dangled in Shaft

Doctors amputated both legs of Henry Shlers, of London, England, while he hung head downward, both legs caught between an elevator cage and the flooring. * *.- It was impossible to move the man and a staging was built out into the shaft from the floor and a platform erected. On this the surgeons stood and while one gave an anaesthetic the other cut off the legs. The victim was removed to a hospital, but died.

ter the deadly atmosphere there with comparative safety, and succor possb ble living miners. These mine-rescue teams, located at the various mines, are also to participate in the national demonstration. A

FERGUS FALLS, MINN., DEVASTATED BY A TORNADO

Ruins of busmess buildings on Union avenue, Fergus Falls. Minn, destroyed by a tornado that killed several hundred persons and wrecked much of the town.

SAVE YANK CITY IN MACEDONIA

Red Cross Cares for People ... Made Dostitute by Buk -- garians. . - LIKE REAL AMERICAN CITY Headquarters of American Oil and Tobacco Interests Opens After Bulgarian Occupation —See Awful Picture of Misery. Ka valla, Macedonia. —Few Americans, except those in the tobacco industry, have ever heard of this little port on Aegean sea. Yet it has many features and activities to commend it to the interest of the, people of the United States. Here the finest tobacco in the world —the bulk of which is consumed in America —is grown. Here the great American tobacco companies have export headquarters. Here the biggest oil company of the United States and America’s, greatest relief organization, the American. Red Cross, have distributing centers. Indeed, Kavalla has Come to have some of the aspects of a real American city. are so many Americans here that one feels hiipself -only a few hundred miles from home, instead of in the heart of a remote region whose beginnings antedate the birth of Christ. Bulgaria Wants Harbor. For years Bulgaria has looked upon Kavalla with a covetous eye. Although defeated and subdued, she looked hopefully to the peace congress at Paris to give her Kavalla as a port. Yet Kavalla is not a harbor. It is merely a roadstead affording good anchorage for coastwise steamers. Millions of dollars and endless development would be required to convert the city into a first-class port. But Bulgaria, which now has only the shallow port of Dedeagatch at the mouth of the Gulf of Enos, was and is anxious to get an outlet through Macedonia and the sea for her large output of tobacco, wheat, live stock, silk and attar of roses, and would be quite ready to spend any sum in developing and deepening the harbor. Kavalla is situated on a rocky pe# nlnsula and is dominated by the ruins of an old Venetian fort. It isfprotected from the south by the Greek island of Thasos. Back from the seacoast is a mountainous district known in Macedonia as the Pangaion.

Coursing through the valley, on Pangaioh’s eastern slope, is the placid Anghista river, which some historical writers believe to be the stream where Paul baptized Lydia. On all sides of the mountains in this region is rich arable land peculiarly adapted to the growth of tobacco. The best leaf in the world is grown here, and so valuable are the fields for tobacco culture that very little else is cultivated. During the war the Bulgarians adopted in Kavalla the same ruthless practices they followed in all occupied territory. They pillaged and destroyed. They, made every effort to make the land uninhabitable. They cut down the trees and carried off furniture and everything made of wood. They sacked the homes and drove the Greek inhabitants out. As a result of all this, when the Greek commission of the American Red Cross established relief posts here, a few days after the armistice, their representatives found living conditions almost unsupportable. First Red Cross Base. Kavalla was the first city in Macedonia to become a base for Red Cross operations. The natives speak with unbounded gratitude of the help .given them by the Americans. They say the food furnished by the American Red Cross was the first substantial nourishment they had in four years. No section of the Balkans ever presented a more depressing picture of nrfsery and squalor. When the Americans came in they found the inhabitants dying by the dozen from famine, exposure and typhus. They immediately established soup kitchens and dispensaries and gave

out tens of thousands of Americanmade garments. They sent in doctors, nurses. and medicalsuppliesThey"" distributed hundreds of - thousands of loaves of bread made of American flour. They established shelters for the homeless women and children. They cared for the hordes of broken and dispirited Greek ar ’ Serbian soldiers who had been released from vile prison camps in garia. Ir* their devotion to the task of rescuing the typhus-stricken population two of their number lost their lives and three nurses contracted the dread disease.

HAVE NO ONE TO PUT IN JAIL

Mayor of Canton Wants to Know Wbat Use the Prison Is In His Town. Canton, O.—“ What good is a jail when there is no onp to put in it?” This query was sprung by Mayor Poorman, and when he failed to get any answers from other officials he announced he would recommend that the old city jail in the basement of the city hall be abandoned and the space be repaired and converted into office rooms for the city building commls-. slon. “The jail is of no use now,” said Mayor Poorman. “It has only been used for several years for drunks and slackers and now we have none of these. The new jail is sufficiently large to take care of all prisoners,” the mayor added.

LACK MICE FOR STUDY OF CANCER

Dactor Wood of Columbia Reports Shortage Because Armies Needed Them. HELD UP RESEARCH WORK War’s Absorption of Scientists Who Entered Service Also Retarded Investigations in DiseaseDeath Rate Jumps. • New York. —Study of cancer durifig the war was Impeded, not only by taking physicians from research work but because of the shortage of mice, which were used in large quantities with tije allied armies for the detection of'gas and, the diagnoses of certain types of disease, according to the report of Dr. Francis Carter Wood, director of the George Crocker special research fund of Columbia university. Thousands of mice which had been raised for research work were turned over to the government. The mice breathe very rapidly and are far more sensitive to gases than human beings, so that they were kept in exposed sectors and observed closely, because their behavior would Indicate the coming of gas long before it could be detected by human beings. It was also announced that mice had been sent out on board every submarine, for the same purpose. , Mice React to Gas. One of the most common troubles on submarines has been from chlorine, due to wet batteries. The mice react to the gas long before It is dangerous, or even perceptible, toMtie crew, thus enabling them to find the difficulty and repair it before the air becomes so tainted as to be dangerous. In the British army hundreds of canaries were used, as well as mice, for the detection of gas. In addition to supplying thousands of mice to the government, the George Crocker special -research fund raised enough, however, to supply many medical schools and research laboratories throughout the country. The other use of mice tn the war was in discriminating between the various types of pneumonia prevalent at

HIS ONE AMBITION

A sailor on oqe of the battleships now stationed in the Hudson river, New York, initiating a very interested little pupil into the mysteries of a ship’s bugld* calls. In this cool, cozy spot on the deck of one of Uncle Sam’s great fighting craft, this little chap plays at “sailor” to his heart’s delight, and asks a million childish questions, all of which are promptly and willingly answered by his pal, the “gob.”

different times. Different types of the disease are treated differently, but it is often found impossible to discriminate between the different classes of symptoms in men. When mice were inoculated with the germs, however, effects were produced which readily classified the disease. Doctor Wood reported that various changes in cancer statistics has resulted during the war, especially in England, where large classes of the population had been sent to the war, but that a careful analysis of the figures showed that the changes were mainly due to dislocation of classes of population, not to any remarkable Increase or decrease in the disease itself. ' , Death Rate Jumped. r As cancer is most prevalent in persons over the military age, the proportion of deaths from this cause naturally Jumped, where the proportion of men of younger ages was reduced. In this country, likewise, the records were found to show that cancer was most prevalent in Vermont and least so tn Vtah and Montana, but this was explained as being due to the fact that a large percentage of the youth .of Vermont had migrated and that a larger proportion of the population in the western states was composed of newcomers, generally young men and women. Among countries, cancer mortality was greater tn Switzerland,, and was highest generally where the highest civilization was found. Doctor Wood supposes this to be due, not to any connection between cancer and a high state of civilization, but to the fact that cancer Is less often diagnosed and reported as the cause of death in Countries like Russia.

Saved After Twelve Years.

Altoona, Pa.—High-priced chinaware, rings, pieces of silverware and other articles of value which withstood the flames when a department store on one of the most promient corners in the business district was destroyed by fire 12 years ago are being recovered from the ruins during the excavation work for/a n®F business block. A whole unopened barrel of china dishes was recovered, only a. few on the top being brqken. -