Evening Republican, Volume 22, Number 163, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 12 July 1919 — Page 2

TURKS AND HUNS REFUSE TO FIGHT FOR DAMASCUS

Australian Tells of Victory Gained Over Superior Force. ENEMY MORALE SHATTERED Interesting Account of Capture of Ancient City by Australian Forces —Could Have Sustained Siege for Months. Sydney, N. S. W.—Ari Interesting If belated account of the capture of Damascus forces last fall is given by a returned Australian soldier in the Sydney Morning Herald. The narrative starts with the Australians’ advance from Tiberias and the subsequent encircling operations which resulted in the fall of Damascus Itself. "Leaving Tiberias behind the Australian division pushed on northward to Lake Huleh. where they tried to cross the Jordan, but the enemy had blown up the big stone bridge, and pests of German machine gunners lined the precipitous river banks. Up and down the river the patrols reconnoitered, but always they were met with a burst of fire from the eastern bank. But the old Jordan had to be crossed, bo the Tenth Light Horse, under cover • of darkness, forced a passage near the lake, while the Fourteenth Light Horse did the same further south. In the morning they converged on the enemy from either flank, capturing a number of prisoners, a few guns, and m ari s machine guns. The bulk of the enemy rear guard bolted. .So once more was continued the great race toward Damascus. Enemy Rear Guard Routed. -At Kuneltra the rear guard machine gunners wer®again encountered, and once more at Sasa. At the latter place there was stiff fighting, and we had some casualties, but the last obstacle was removed, and we pushed on to the great city. - “Away to the eastward we could see clouds of dust rising from the Hedjaz road. It was the remnant of the Fourth Turkish army from Aman. Bq, in spite of their long start, we had made a dead-heat of it. Their fate was already sealed. We had been in the saddle all the previous afternoon, all night, and all the morning, but there was no chance of a bait. General Hodgson—commanding the Australian division—pushed the Third Light Horse brigade toward the 'south of the city, while he sent General Onslow’s Fifth brigade on a wide encircling sweep to the west and north of Duinar, with a view to blocking the escape. "The battle of Damascus, which followed will be studied in years to come as the perfect example of the Influence of morale. Napoleon said that morale to material is as three to one. Here one found it a hundred to one. A few thousand exultant horsemen hemmed in and captured an army. The city was surrounded. The roads to northward were held. Having abundance of arms and munitions, food and water, nnd being in such overwhelming numbers, they coukLhave sustained a siege for months, even if they feared to risk battle In the open. But their morale was shattered. “There was little fight left In them. A fringe of machine guns and a few pieces of artiliery held off the attackers for an hour or so. Then the horsemen broke through. The Third Light sands of the Fourth Turkish army from Aman. “The Fourth regiment entered the outskirts of the city, found the big barracks swarming with Turks and Germans. But they wouldn’t fight and the Victorians rounded up 10,000 of them and led them awayi Another column, several thousand strbng, fleeing from the Arabs, tried to escape by the northern road to Honin. But the Third Light Horse brigade started in pursuit, charged the rear guard of German machine gunners and captured the whole column. “Meanwhile the Fifth Light Horse brigade—which used to be the camel corps—broke through the cordon of machine guns, hiding in the northern

Blind Girl Reads Raised Print With Her Lips.

Boston. —“We have a girl at our school now with scarcely any sense of feeling left in her fingers who reads raised print with her Ups." Director Edward E. Allen of the Perkins Institution and Massachusetts School for the Blied is telling the service men who have lost their sight In the war. Director Allen is endeavoring to raise the depressed morale of these wounded, heroes and . makes it plain to them that there is much hope for their fux tures. “Your life is not spoiled,” he continues. “The lessons of over- 1 coming obstacles are that it is ‘ not what we see in another that counts, but what we do not see. Every handicapped man, boy or girl can transform the stumbling block into a stepping stone, and that's what we ve proved at - our institution.

TILLMAN’S SUCCESSOR

N. B. Dial of Laurens, 8. C„ is the senator elected to serve the long term succeeding the. late Senator Tillman. He is. of course, a Democrat and is a lawyer, banker and manufacturer.

gardens, and reached the Barada Gorge 6,000 strong, Streaming , out along the road to Beyrut. In one place a house on the hill overlooks the gorge, where the rail, the road and the river run within a few yards of each other, and here a party of 13 men of the Fourteenth regiment, N. 8. W., with two officers, opened fire on the big column. Turks and Germans fled in all directions. “Several were killed and the horsemen then killed the horses and mules in the gun teams and blocked the road. The column was cut in two and more than 3,000 surrendered. A mile further

FIGHTER LIVES 35 DAYS IN HOLE

British Private’s Experience Considered Most Remarkable of War. AIDS HIS HELPLESS COMRADE Lives on Food Taken From Dead Bodies —Wanders Too Far Afield and Is Taken Prisoner by Germans. London. — Private Peters of the British army lived five weeks with a helpless comrade in a hole within thirty yards of the German trenches. Their experience is considered the most remarkable of the war. It was in 1917, at Crojselles that the fifty men then remaining of Private Peters’ company were ordered to dig in. , The spot was a sunken road. The men had passed the., objective and run into their own barrage fire. They fell like ninepins. When Private Peters looked up from his digging only his captain, himself and a comrade named M'cGuiness remained. Then the captain was shot dead and the comrade fatally wounded. Private Peters went out for a look around and found a stretcher bearer with a shattered thigh. He hauled him into the dugout. The stretcher bearer had iodine and his wound was kept free of infection. “That night two German officers came along, but we shammed dead

SEAWALL THAT PROTECTS PANAMA CANAL

View of the massivo breakwater or seawall at the Atlantic entrance to the Panama canal. Severe storms occasionally visjt_the isthmus during the season from ApriL This breakwater keeps the heavy seas «ut pf Colon, harbor and makes the Atlantic entrance safe for shipping. Each of these blocks weighs IS tons.

THE EVENING REPUBLICAN, RENSSELAER, IND.

along the roadjrthers of the Fifth brtga'de 'ofient'd with machine guns nnd rifles on the leading twrtion of the column. The enemy was absolutely at their mercy, and after a futile halfhearted resistance surrendered. Hun Starts Destruction. was nightfall. More than 20,000 enemy had been captured, and still they camt The town had not yet surrendered —probably there Was no. one there in authority to capitulate. But the Hun started on his work of lltion. Suddenly we saw a huge conflagration near the wireless station. Flames leaped skyward hundreds of feet., expulsions- funded fromtime to time, sending myriads of sparks into the nlr. It provided a gorgeous pyrotechnic display of gargantuah proportions. Ammunition, benzine and stores all fed the fire. It lighted up the city like moonlight. “Then we knew that the Germans had decided to surrender. From the east the victorious Arabs swarmed into the city, yelling with triumph, and biazinu a veritable feu de joie into the air. Turks and Germans fought in the streets, then fled to the shelter of the gardens and surrendered at dawn. “Baek to the Barada Gorge, the Fifth brigade held the road, and a small proportion was able to snatch an hour’s sleep—the first since leaving Kuneltra 42 hours before. “So fell the ancient city, and as our casualties were very small we called It a bloodless victory, but within a fortnight the Desert Mounted corps had thousands of men down with malaria, ttml hundreds died —right on the eve of peace. That’s the pity of it. Secretary Tumulty learned of Fox’s action when, receiving delayed- informntion of the property sale, he -wired C. R. Sibbs. tax collector of Riverside eountv. News- of the sale was published in newspapers here and read by Fox.

MAN IN JAIL AIDS PRESIDENT

California Convict Prevents Sale of Wilson Ranch for Delinquent Taxes. *Los Angeles. Cal—George A. Fox, convicted of obtaining money by false pretenses, prevented the sale of President Wilson’s ranch in Riverside county for delinquent taxes by paying them himself, it became known here when Fox, in the county jail, received a telegram of thanks from J. P. Tumulty, the president’s secretary. “I considered it my patriotic duty,” was the only comment Fox made. The tax bill was $37.21. The property Is 61 acres in extent and was purchased before Mr. Wilson became president.

and they passed on briskly, for the British stuff was coming over,” says Peters, telling his story. “Shrapnel lodged on top of our dugout; bits found their way inside. The German officers stood over us the next night. But they never searched our hiding place. “There were sixty dead men lying about outside. Each night I went out and took away their iron rations and biscuits. The first few days we were short of water; then it rained every day for a while and I caught water in mackintosh sheets. “I made a stove of a bully-beef tin, broken candles and a flahnel rag, caught the rays of the sun wifti a per* iscope glass when it shone, and so lighted our stove. “We had hot coffee, >x»coa and beef cubes this way. But we soon were reduced to rifle oil and wood for fuel. Food of Dead Gives Out. “The night came when the food of the dead soldiers outside had all been taken, and I went further afield, with a compass. I got lost and fell over a German telephone tvire. I was captured and sent to Germany, where I was held until armistice day.” Taylor, after Peters’ capture, was examined by the Germans, who lifted his sound leg. but he shammed dead and they passed on. Then he crawled through the German trenches, which -were by that time thinly held, over the barbed wire, across No Man’s Land and to the British lines. But his leg was so long unset that he will never walk right again.

New Outline Map Of Country Made

Based on Lambert Conformal Projection as Used in the W?r. SHOWS ERRORS IN SCALE Coast and Geodetic Survey Announces Completion of Chart Solving Old Problem Special Interest In Map. Washington. The United States coast anti geodetic survey recently announced the completion of a new outline map of the United States on the Lambert conformal conic projection, scale 1-5,000,000. This map is Intended merely as a base to which may be added any kind of special Information desired. The shore line is compiled from the most recent coast and geodetic survey charts. State names and bouhdaries, principal rivers, capitals, and the larger cities In the dlffernt states are also embodied. ; The map is of special Interest from the fact that It is based on the same system of projection as that employed by the armies of the allied forces in the military operations in France. To meet those requirements and at the request of the army, special publications were prepared by the coast geodetic survey. Many methods of projection' have been designed to solve the difficult problem of representing a spherical surface on a plane. As different projections have unquestionable merit as well as equally serious defects, the announcement states, any region to be mapped should be made the subject of special study and that system of projection adopted which will give the best results for the area under consideration. Value of New Map. The Mercator projection, almost universally used for nautical charts, is responsible for many false impressions of the relative size of the countries differing In latitude, according to the survey statement. The polyconic projection, widely used and well adapted for both topographic and hydrographic surveys, when used for the whole of the United States in one map has the serious defect of unduly exaggerating the areas on its eastern and western limits. Along the Pacific coast and in Maine the error lb scale Is as much as 6% per cent, while at New York It reaches 4% per cent. The value of the new outline map on the Lambert projection can best be realized when It is stated that It shows that throughout the largest, and most Important part of the United States, that is, between latitudes 30% degrees and 49 degrees, the maximum scale ' error is only one-half of 1 per cent. This amount of scale error of one-half of 1 per cent is frequently less than

BIG CONCRETE DRY DOCK AT BALBOA

A 6,000-ton sea-going steamer undergoing repairs in the co “"ete dry dock at Balboa, the Pacific entrance to the Panama canal. This is the large, dry dock in the world.

German Mine Field in China Sea Discovered

Seattle. —German charts recently surrendered disclosed a large mine field in. the China Sea, over which American ships, ignorant of its existence, passed safely many times. Captain J. E. Guptil of the steamer Senator said on arrival from the Orient. The German raider Wolff in Sep* tember, 1917. laid the mines in a field sixty miles lorg by two miles wide, but set them too deep. Chinese trawlers, commanded by British officers, ane removing the mines. One mine floated ashore and killed sixteen Malay islanders who started to break it up.

Doesn't Need Alarm Clock.

Jerseyville, HL —It doesn’t/ require an alarm clock to wake Francis Graves—his watch did it last night Burglars had dropped it on the floor.

the distortion due to the method of printing and to changes from the humidity of the air. Only In southernmost Florida and Texas does this projection attain Its maximum error of 2 1-3 per cent. The Lambert projection is well adapted to large areas of predominating east and west dimensions in the United States where the distance across from east to west is 14.5 times that of the distance north and south. The strength of the polyconic projection, on the other hand, Is along Its central meridian. The merits and defects of the two systems of projection may be stated in a general way as being at right angles to each other. Special Features. Special features of the Lambert projection that are not found in the polyconic may be stated briefly as follows : 1. The Lambert projection is conformal —that is, all angles between intersecting lines or curves are preserved, and for any given point (or restricted locality) the ratio of the length of a linear element on the earth’s surface to the length of the corresponding map elements is constant for all aximuths of directions in which the elements may be taken.

Praise for Italian Army in Albania

New York.—-Brig. Gen. George P. Scriven, formerly chief of the signal corps of the United States army, who w*as for several months attached as American military observer to the Italian forces in the field, and who .recently returned from Rome, speaks enthusiastically of what he saw in Valona, or Avlona, as it is sometimes called, the chief port of Albania, which the secret treaty of London, in April, 1915, allotted to Italy. Valona, he said, is regarded by the Italians as one of the keys to the Adriatic, and their occupation since December, 1914, when troops were landed because of internal disorder, has transformed it from a squalid fishing village to a seaport that is on its way to attain an importance it has not enjoyed since the days of the Roman Empire. Docks have been built, buildings have been erected, and military roads, unsurpassed anywhere, have been constructed from Valona throughout Albania by Italian engineers, he said. . The general described how the Prince of Wied, placed on the Albanian throne by the powers, was overthrown, and a republic set up with Essad Pasha as president. He, too, was forced out, and the little country was left a prey to Austrian intrigue from

Operates With Razor

American Red Cross Nurse Equal to Emergency. Performs Llfe-or-Death Amputation With Improvised Instrument* and Succeeds. Drama, Macedonia.—With a spool of cotton thread and a small portion of ether and chloroform Miss Maria P. Kouroyen, an American Red Gross nurse, performed a llfe-or-death operation here as the result of which and her other errands of mercy she has come to be known as “the American angel" by the homeless and starving Greek refugees. Born of Greek parents, Miss Kou royen is a gradpate nurse of the Massachusetts General hospital in Boston. Because of .her knowledge of Greek the American Red Cross sent her to

Fire Horse Refuses to Be Left Behind

Philadelphia—Burglar, an extra horse of Truck Company No. 13, was left behind in th» firehouse on Baltimore avenue when firemen responded to a /fire fifteen blocks away. Burglar, a big, beautiful bay, pushed his way out of ail insecurely locked stall and with instinct traditional of fire h,p rse s ’ galloped unbridled through the streets until he spied the fire. He whinnied with joy as he came up to the engine which was industriously pumping.

2. The meridians are straight lines, and the parallels are concentric circles. ■ 3. It has two axes of strength instead of one, the standard parallels of the map of the United States being latitudes 33 degrees and 45 degrees, and upon these parallels the scale is absolutely free. The scale for any other part of the map, or for any parallel, can be obtained from special publication No. 52, page 36, United States coast and geodetic survey. By means of these tables the very small scale errors which exist in this projection can be entirely eliminated. The map measures 25 inches by 39 inches and will be sold by the government at 25 cents.

the north and the machinations of the pro-Germar. King Constantine of Greece from the south. On Christmas day,. 1914, the Italian government, fearing possible developments in Albania, sent the 10th regiment of bersaglieri to occupy the little fishing hamlet of Valona. Saved Albania for Allies. “By so doing,” said General Scriven, ‘‘ltaly saved at least the greater part of southern Albania from the horrors of Austrian and probably Bulgar occupation, and, in addition, became the deciding factor in the great ultimate success of the Balkan campaign, which now appears to have been the loose stone.in the arch that upheld the German power. “By this peaceful occupation a military position was secured that later became an important naval station for the allies, as well as a strategic and tactical base of such Importance that had it fallen into the hands of the enemy, the great military romance of the Balkans, if played at all, would have occupied a far more narrow stage, and the whole of western Albania would have been thrown open to the Germans. “With the entrance of the Italians into the war, military activity in the Balkans Increased. Additional forces were sent to Valona, from which as a base Italian control was extended over all southern Albania. The Italian troops, without violence, and, indeed, at the request of the inhabitants themselves, occupied the interior towns, or the ruins, as some of them then were, of Tepeleni, Argiro-Castro, Premafl, Llascoviki, Santa Quaranta, and Porto Palermo. Made Modern City of Hamlet. “When the Italians landed, Valona offered only the picture of a fishing village lying asleep in filth on the picturesque shores of what is a really beautiful bay. 1 “With the arrival of the Italians the town awoke as if by magic. Italy went to work to make Valona not only habitable but prosperous. Government buildings rose almost in the night Docks were constructed, electric lights were Installed. Sanitation was not neglected. “To my mind the greatest accom* plishment of the Italians in Valona, and elsewhere in Albania, lies in th« splendid military roads they have constructed. General Scriven has just been informed by the Italian Embassy at Washington that for his service with the Italian armies the Grand Cross ol the Crown of Italy has been conferred upon him.”

Macedonia, where typhus, smallpox -und cholera tread on each other*i "Keels, and where the refugees bury their dead beneath the dirt floors ol their shell-shattered shacks so that the bread cards of the dead member oi their family shall not be taken up. A Greek sqldier, one of whose legs had been crushed, was brought to ths box car on a railroad siding in which Miss Kouroyen was living. Something had to be done .for him gt once. Bor rowdng a razor, Miss Kouroyen anesthetized her patient with her small supply of ether, and performed an amputation, using cotton thread to “til off” the arteries and veins. Despite the prophecy of a local doc tpn that the aged patient would not live, through the night Miss Kouroyen some time later received a visit from her patient. He * had an American artificial limb made for him in th< American Red Cross artificial leg fa® tory for Greek war mutlles in 4thenf