Evening Republican, Volume 22, Number 155, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 2 July 1919 — Page 3

PURE WATER FOR THE CANAL ZONE

This is a view of the large sedimentation tanks at the Mlraflores filtration plant, where the water used by the population of the Panama Canal zone is purified. This water comes from the Chagres river and is pumped from Gamboa through a large pipe line.

AMERICANS LAUGH AS GERMANS RAIL

Smell of Doughnuts Cooked in Coblenz Makes Teuton Noses Wag. TRY TO PUT YANKS IN BAD Anti-American Propaganda Published in German Newspapers Purports to Give Feelings of Germans in Occupied Area. Coblenz. —Considerable anti-Ameri-can propaganda is being published in German newspapers by German newspaper men who have visited the Rhine zone occupied by the American army. Some of their writings set forth what purports to be their own opinions of the feelings of the Germans in the occupied territory. The writings of one German in a Leipsic newspaper have afforded amusement to the American intelligence officers, though he wrote with the evident intention to put Americans in a bad light before the German civilians. “On account of the sundry annoying acts of the authorities/’--he writes, “the population is not at all satisfied with the American occupation and is loud in its abuse of these molestations, though, to be sure, this is all kept within closed walls. Nobody dares to make any criticism in public since recent heavy sentences were imposed on those guilty of careless rumors.” Truth About Food. Civilian visitors from unoccupied Germany expect to find great stocks of food In all stores, many coming to the occupied area with the hope of securing supplies for themselves and taking them back with them. This is not allowed. Regarding food the writer In the Leipsic newspaper says: “There have been all kinds of stories In Leipsic recently about the marvelous things one can purchase in the American occupied territory. It was related that American stores had been established where all kinds of food was sold at unbelievably low prices. That Is all very true; but the German Inhabitants are permitted only to look at all these beautiful articles. They can buy nothing. Everything Is for the troops only. And only to be gazed at by the Germans are the doughnuts, the savory odors of which fill the city of Coblenz and which are baked from early morning until late at night by the American soldiers in no less than twenty great bakeries.” The writer also touches on the work of the military police, saying: “A very unpleasant institution 'in Coblenz is the spy system. Possession of American property Is forbidden. Whoever buys from American soldiers cigarettes, food, shoes and clothing and is caught with the goods is punished with a drastic fine or prison sentence.” Yanks Very Proper. Summarizing, after writing several

5,000 Fish Successfully Elude Fort Worth Police

Fort 'Worth, Tex. —The season’s first fish story broke here, but as yet Fire Chief Bideker is unable to explain how the elusive Annies got away. Five thousand young bass were shipped here in a ten-gallon tank from the San Marcos hatcheries to be used in restocking the waters of Lake Worth. All arrangements had been made for taking the bass to the lake, but when the chief and several ofhis men went to the Texas & Pacific station it was found the fish had been previously receipted for and taken away. Police and city detectives are trying to solve the mystery.

columns, the writer says in conclusion: “Disregarding the arrogant behavior of the conqueror, the Americans in Coblenz and the bridgehead on the night of the Rhine conduct themselves in a very proper manner. Of course there are cases of disturbances by soldiers now and then, but if an American soldier tries to assault a German and a military policeman is near enough to arrest the soldier one may rest assured that the military court will punish the American accordingly. “All in all, judgment of the Americans may be summed up thus: They do not in reality behave worse than would any other army of occupation, although the soldiers do annoy the population —annoy it in many respects. And that is a desirable state of affairs. Thereby the idea of separation, which has already made considerable progress here and there in the Rhineland, will lose more and more of its supporters, and it will be easier for the people of the Rhineland to remain a part of the empire.”

CUT TIME OF TRIP TO PARIS

Twenty-four Hours to Be Lopped Off Journey From New York. RAIL PROJECT THE MEANS New Lines to Be Constructed Which Will Expedite Progress of Voyager Between United States and French Metropolis.” London—There are plans afoot which will cut down the time now necessarily spent in traveling from New York to Paris. Of course, eventually we are .to skim through the air in a day or so. But for the average American that experience may be a little remote. In the meantime, according to the Madrid correspondent of the London Times, certain railway projects in Spain are tending to expedite the progress of the voyager. It may at first thought seem curious that one’s transatlantic passage should be affected by such means. But the correspondent shows us why: Rail Projects In Spain. “Considerable Interest is being manifested in Spain in two great railway projects. The first, already voted as a bill by the Spanish senate, is for a direct line from Dax, in southern France, 'to Algeciras, near Gibraltar. This line is a project of the English and French governments, and will form a link in the great railway from London to the Cape, the completion 'of which is now only a matter of time. This line across Spain will be of the international and not of the Spanish gauge; it will be worked by electric traction, and will take the shortest possible route. “Many schemes have been prepared, but, although the final decision has not yet been made on many points of detail, the broad principles have been agreed upon. 'The northern section of the line, from Dax to Madrid, to avoid unnecessary competition with the Norte railway from Irrin, will not touch the points of junction from which that line draws its chief goods traffic? but will pass direct through Pamplona and. Sorlac. The southern section, in the plan which seems most likely to be approved, will for similar reasons take a straight course through a practically uninhabited part of the country. « "It Is proposed to make only one

THE EVENING REPUBLICAN, RENSSELAER, IND.

Woman Asks $1,000 for Unwelcome Kiss

; Hornell, N. Y.—“He threw his arms around me, hugged, me, kissed idg and then gave me 25 I cents.” This Is the reason why the exclusive farming section of Hartsville, N. Y., Is all agog over an hctipn brought in court here by Mrs. Alice Newman against Burdell Evans. Mrs. Newman demands SI,OOO. On the lonely road that passes her home, Mrs. Newman claims she was forced at midnight, December 14, into being kissed, hugged and given a good squeezing.

FOR ELECTRIC BORDER FENCE

Military Authorities Think That Best Way to Cope With Mexicans. Fort Sam Houston, Texas. —An electrified barbed wire fence along the Mexican border from the mouth of the Rio Grande to the Pacific ocean Is favored by; the military authorities who are familiar with the conditions that exist in that wide scope of frontier territory. As an adjunct to this barrier against bandits, it is proposed that a government highway be constructed along the bank of the Rio Grande and the remaining part of the international line. * ■ It is roughly estimated that the cost of building the highway would be approximately $12,000,000. No figures have been made public as to the probable cost of constructing the barbed wire fence. The proposition has been laid before the war department by N. Garper and Is said to have met the approval of the officials of that branch of the government.

Cruiser Brings in Whale.

San Francisco.—Speed of the protected cruiser Marblehead, steaming here from San Diego, was mysteriously impeded off Pigeon Point. Investigation by searchlight showed a 60-foot whale on the cruiser’s bow ram. It •was towed into port and Commander Charles P. Huff said it would be placed on sale for S3OO, which amount has been needed by the crew for an entertainment to be given soon.

Cleveland. Della Krawiewlc told the police that one of her tenants, who left during the night, took all her window's, gas fixtures and light globes with him.

stop between Madrid and Algeciras, at Cuenca, where —as the line will be, at first at any rate, a single one—the trains from the north and south will cross. The northern journey will .be made in six-to seven hoiirs, as against the present thirteen from Irun to Madrid. “The other line is designed to run from Vigo to the French frontier, probably at Hendaye, and is part of a great American project for developing the port of Vigo by the building of docks, warehouses, and all the equipment of a great commercial harbor. By this scheme the journey from New York to Paris can be shortened by twenty-four hours and its importance can be measured by the fact that its realization will give America a commercial entrance to Europe. "The vast contracts connected ■with these schemes are already the subject of rival studies and investigations, and Englishjirms purposing to tpke a part should lose no time in getting into touch with the conditions on the .spot.”

HER BANK BALANCE $9,401,778

Hetty Green’s Account Made Public In New York Through Claims for Taxes. New York—The amount of Mrs. Hetty H.. R. Green’s bank deposits in this city at the time of her death was $9,401,778. Besides she had interestbearing certificates aggregating $4,230,504. These figures became known when State Comptroller Travis asked the surrogate, to hold that these sums were used in her business in this city and consequently are subject to the tax. The aggregate amount which the comptroller contends is taxable is $36,610,369. The deposits were: Seaboard National bank, $3,145,694; special deposit in same bank?’ $1,386,927; Colonial bank, $359,753, and National Park bank, $380,374; certificates of deposit. $5,141,649; loans on collateral, $6,781,690; mortgages ori real estate, $5,812,000.

China to Have Wireless Service.

Pekin. —An agreement was signed between the Marconi Wireless Telegraph company and the Chinese government for the formation of a Chi nese national wireless telegraph company, with a capital of $3,500,000, half the amount to be subscribed each by the government arid the Marconi company. * .

Cleaned Her Out.

The DECLARATION of INDEPENDENCE

r~ THOMAS JEFFERSON wrote Tthe Declaration of Independence. And congress signed it. And the Liberty Bell rang _ forth the glad tidings, proZs rS claiming liberty in the land. L.XJ And George Washington began to fight the British — This is about the way the average schoolboy—not to say some older Americans—thinks the Declaration of Independence came into existence, the Independence of the United States of America was secured and the Fourth of July became a national holiday. While some of the details concerning the Declaration of Independence will always be a matter of argument among historians, the sequefiee of events is clear and runs like this: Fighting between the Americans and the British began April 19, 1775, at Lexington. Even after the fighting was on it was somb time before the movement for independence gained much headway in the. public mind. February 18, 1776, a committee appointed to prepare an address to the country presented its report to congress. This report reads in part: “We have been accused of carrying on the' war for the purpose of establishing an empire. We disavow the intention. We declare that what we aimed at and what we are entrusted by you to pursue is the defense and re-establishment of the constitutional rights of the colonies.” It was not until June 7, 1776, that Richard Henry Lee of Virginia introduced a resolution which was to become only less familiar than the Declaration Itself. This resolution contains the famous sentence: “That these United States are and of right ought to be free and Independent states; that they are absolved from all allegiance to the British crown, and that all political connection between them and the state of Great Britain is and ought to be dissolved.” This resolution was debated many -times by congress. The chief speakers for separation were John Adams, his cousin, Samuel Adams; Roger Sherman, Oliver Olcott, Richard Henry Lee and George Wythe. John Dickinson of Pennsylvania led the opposition for delay, prominent among his followers being John Jay, James Wilson, James Duane, Edward Rutledge and Robert R. Livingston, but it was evident from the beginning that they were in the minority. To save time a committee was appointed on June 11 to frame the Declaration of Independence. Strange to say, Richard Henry Lee, who was the father of the resolution, and by parliamentary right should have had the chairmanship of the committee, was left out of it. The reasons for this omission have been variously explained. It is a fact that he was absent when the committee was named, having been called home by the illness of his wife. The five members w-ere Thomas Jefferson of Virginia, John Adams of Massachusetts, Benjamin Franklin of Pennsylvania, Roger Sherman of Connecticut and Robert R. Livingston of New York. All five were prominent In the congress and in national affairs. Roger Sherman is unique in American history as a “signer of'jthe four great documents: the Articles of Association, the Declaration of Independence,

THAT DREADED SPRING DOSE

Who of Middle Age Forgets the Brimstone and Treacle of His Youthful Days? It stood on the kitchen cupboard, a bowl Of yellow pottery containing a sticky mass of the same color and strangely familiar. Could it be. the spring dose of tier childhood ? It was t Sulphur and molasses ! And the m!dVictorian woman had mixed it for her grandchild, remarks the New York Sun. “You take it three days running,

the Articles of Confederation and the Constitution —all of which he was Instrumental in preparing. The committee elected Jefferson chairman and instructed him to make a draft of a declaration. The committee submitted its first draft June 28. July 2 the congress adopted the resolution presented by Lee and resolved to take further consideration on the morrow. On the third the committee had not finished its labors, but on July 4 It presented a completed draft to the body, and after a long debate, which continued until .the night, the congress adopted the Declaration of Independence. After the committee of the whole had debated the paper for hours Benjamin Harrison reported to congress that the Declaration of Independence had been agreed to by the committee of the whole. The paper was again read and ordered printed. The Declaration was committed to the printer, Dunlap, immediately, and the broadside was ready on the following day, July 5, when it received the signatures of John Hancock and of Charles Thomson, president and secretary of congress, respectively, authenticating the copy to be forwarded to the governments of the thirteen states. The signatures were- followed by the words: “By Order and in Behalf of the Congress.” Copies of the broadside were sent to the various states and to the commanding officers of the continental troops. It is not certain that each of these bore the signatures of the president and the secretary. On July 19 it was ordered that the Declaration “passed on the fourth, should be fairly engrossed on parchment with the title and style of ‘The Unanimous Declaration of the Thirteen Unitel States of America,’ and that the same, when engrossed, be signed by every member of congress.” On August 2 the journal records that “The Declaration of Independence, being engrossed, and compared at the table, was signed by the members.” As to the signatures to the Declaration, a volume might be written. The common understanding Is that the fifty-five men whose names are appended were present in congress on July 4, 1776, and assenting to the Declaration. This understanding Is far from the truth. Signatures appear on the document 1 of men who were not members of the congress at the time the Declaration was agreed on. It has been suggested that the proper interpretation of the orders of congress to have the document signed by every member, was intended to Include those who became members about this time. But Henry Wisner of New York, who voted for independence, did not sign, and Robert. Morris, who did not cast his vote for the Declaration, did. Wisner was absent in New York on August 2 to attend the provincial congress, to which he had been elected, and evidently never had an opportunity to affix his signature to the document. There wap a reason for the delay In appending the signatures apart from the time necessary to have the document engrossed. It was intended to have the Declaration go out to the world as the unanimous declaration of a’l the colonies, and on July Fourth,

a tablespoonful before breakfast, and then omit it for three days, then take it again, and so on until you have repeated this three times,’! the creator of the dose explained. “No need to tell me; I was brought up on it,” the visitor said. “Without it I should never have been able to understand the feeling of the poor wretches of Dotheboys Hall when Mrs. Squeers fed them brimstone and treacle. Our was mixed in the same sort of bowl and mother always set it on the sideboard, lest we forget” ,

1776, the delegates from New York felt some diffidence In voting, as they had no instructions. Wisner, however, did cast a vote In favor of independence, and before August 2 New York had Instructed her delegation to agree to the Declaration. There was a hearty response when: It became known that signatures werei to be appended to the document. Samuel Chase of Maryland was absent; from congress on July 4 and the next! day. he wrote from Annapolis to John Adams, “How shall I transmit to posterity that I gave my assent?” On the ninth Adams replied, “As soon 89 an American seal is prepared I conjecture the Declaration will be subscribed to by all the members, which will give you the opportunity you wish for of transmitting your name among the votaries of independence.” Elbridge Gerry of New York had to leave Philadelphia two weeks after the Declaration had been adopted, and : he wrote to John and to Samuel Adams, “Pray subscribe for me ye Declaration of Independence If ye same is to be signed as proposed. I think we ought to. have ye privilege when necessarily absent of voting and signing by proxy.” Of the signers who did not vote for the Declaration because they were not members at that time William Williams of Connecticut was not elected, until July 11; Rush, Clymer, Smith, Taylor and Ross of Pensylvanla were not elected until July 20. Charles Carroll of Carrollton, as well as Chase, was attending a meeting of the Maryland convention on July 4. George Wythe of Virginia on the same day was chairman of the committee of the whole of the Virginia convention, and Richard Henry Lee was in the convene tion, having been compelled to return from Philadelphia on account of sickness In his family, having left on June 13. William Hooper of North Carolina was absent from Philadelphia at least as late as July 8. Yet all of these members signed the Declaration, although some of them, it has been shown, were not even members at that time, and four members were absent; Thomas McLean of Delaware was the last to sign and did not do so until five years after the adoption of the Declaration and at a time when the war virtually was at an end. It was through no fault of McLean. His name was omitted from the printed copy in the journal. The popular, traditional Idea of the signing, of the Declaration of Independence presents it as a graceful and formal function taking place July 4, 1776, in a large, handsomely furnished chamber in Independence hall, Philadelphia. To give the necessary touch: of vivacity to the picture there is the scene of the small boy darting from the door as the last signer sets his autograph to the parchment and dashing down the street, calling to his grandfather to “Ring! Oh; ring for liberty!" As a matter of fact the Declaration of Independence was signed behind locked doors. The city was not breathlessly awaiting the event outside, nor did the Liberty Bell peal forth on that day the triumphal note of freedom. From these facts It appears that the “Fourth of July” might with good reason have fallen upon either July 2 or August 2 Instead of upon July 4.

And she shuddered as she spoke. But' even at that she knew that the shudder was for effect. So strong is the force of tradition that she went home that very, day and mixed herself the childhood dose, deciding that if there were any virtue in the combination ,of spring and a blood purifier she might as well benefit by it At all events it could not hurt her.

The middleman should not be self* centered and content to do midCMab well.