Evening Republican, Volume 22, Number 5, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 6 January 1919 — Page 3

Plans for Better Rural Schools

Modem Buildings Provide Adequate Sanitation and Environmental Conditions .1

Johnny Jones and Mary Brown, who live in the country, will assimilate the lore of the three B’s under more favorable conditions, if the suggestions of the division of rural engineering of the United States bureau of public roads are followed in the constructioH~of one and two-room rural schoolhouses. Not only do modern, serviceable schoolhouses provide better sanitation and a more desirable environment in which the country children can be developed, but they add distinctly to the assets of"rural communities. For the service of those country communities which demand a larger schoolhouse than one room, the government engineering experts Recommend a two-room school to accommodate 84 pupils. In this building a folding partition or doors completely separates one room from the other. This house is

also provided with special domestic science and library rooms which open from the teacher’s platform and have private entrances through fire-exit doors from the outside. Plenty of coatrooms also are provided. In particular this schoolhouse is novel insomuch as the folding doors between the classrooms permit of throwing the entire space Jint<l-.one, large hall which can be used for community meetings, musicals, suppers, theatricals, or similar entertainments. Here again the library and domestic science rooms may be used by adults for other, than educational purposes without Interfering with school sessions. Furthermore, this school is provided with a basement which may be divided into play and lunch rooms, with still other rooms for cooking, manual training, furnace, I‘uer storage and toilet. If it is not desirable to excavate

First Floor and Basement Plans of Model Two-Room Rural Schoolhouse.

the entire basement some of these rooms may be omitted. The basement cooking room is valuable as a place where the children’s lunches may be warmed or prepared. This schoolhouse may be constructed at first with one classroom and then as conditions demand the second classroom may be added. Furnace heat is used, the ventilating flues being so arranged adjacent to the furnace flues that a forced draft, Involving a complete circulation of fresh, warm air is obtained. The' windows are numerous and so situated as to favor the admission of a maximum of sunshine and light.

I RENOUNCE FOREVER

Text of Former German Emperor’s Act of Renunciation

The text of the former German emperor’s act of renunciation which was issued by the new German government “in order to reply to certain misunderstandings which have arisen with regard to the abdication,” follows : “By the present document, I renounce forever my rights to the crown of Prussia and the rights to the German imperial crown. I release at the same time all the officials of the German empire and Prussia and alsjp officers, noncommissioned officers and soldiers of the Prussian navy and army and of contingents from federation states from the oath of fidelity they have taken to me. As their emperor, king and supreme chief, I expect from them until- a new organization of the German empire exists that they will aid those who effectively hold the power in Germany to protect the Ger* man people against the menacing danger's of anarchy, 1 famine and foreign domination. ’ —7“Made and executed and signed by our own hand with the Imperial seal at Amerongen, November 28. : —— ' ’ “WILLIAM.”

WORTH KNOWING

i A torn patent leather belt can I be mended by court plaster. i Pieces of ingrain carpet can j often be used up by weaving into • a rug. i ! Very nice French fried pota- ! tees are made from cold boiled i potatoes. There is almost no limit to the t ways in which chestnuts may be ! used. ■ n -' I- All woodwork close to stoves t or furnaces should be covered ( with sine. • s. L M aw—nWW.IUH.il II '■■■■ ■ffaiiwlnWw' l II ■ I ■

Model Two-Room Rural Schoolhouse.

Battles Fought During Two Years of the Mexican War

The Mexican war of 1846 lasted nearly two years. The first actual collision and bloodshed was on April 25, 1846, between a band of Mexican troops tliat had crossed the Rio Grande and a company of American soldiers. On May 17, 1846, President Polk sent a special message to congress reciting the facts and grievances, -and said: “As war exists, and nothwithstanding all our efforts to avoid it, exists by the act of Mexico herself, we are called upon by every consideration of duty and patriotism to vindicate with decision the honor, the rights-and the interests of our country.” During 1846 the battle of Palo Alto was fought, May 8; battle of Monterey, September 21. In 1847 the battle of Buena Vista, February 22, battle of Cerro Gordo, April 17; City of .Mexico captured September 14; the Stafs and Stripes were placed on the national palace and a treaty of peace was signed February 2, 1848. . f ■

Ten Cabinet Officers.

There are ten cabinet officers: Robert Lansing, secretary of state; Carter Glass, secretary of the treasury; Newton D. Baker, secretary of war; Thomas W. Gregory, attorney general; Albert S. Burleson, postmaster general; Josephus Daniels, secretary of the navy; Franklin K. Lane, secretary of the interior; David F. Houston, secretary of agriculture; Willitfin C. Redfield, secretary* of commerce) ;William B. Wilson, secretary of labor.

Pea Canners Prepare.

A $40,000 warehouse will be erected by the Wisconsin Pea Cancers’ association. The 1 warehouse will be controlled by the Wisconsin Canners’ company. The warehouse company will aid canners during the rush period of their business. Through the warehouse pea men will be financed bymeans of warehouse receipts. The plan has the approval of the govern--IMT-' “ * ' •'"I ■ '"I ' I ’ rmenu 4

THE EVENING REPUBLICAN. RENSSELAER. IND.

Claim Porcelain Industry Successfully Launched In U. S. as Result of the War

- An important development in the pottery industry of the United States Is the production of chemical porcelain, the manufacture of which in this country was considered impossible before the war. Several operators are now making chemical porcelain, says the U. S.'Geological Survey Bulletin, which satisfactorily meets the exacting requirements of the laboratory. * In 1917 the value of the output of every variety of pottery classified by the geological survey, except red earthenware, was greatCt than in 1916. White ware showed the largest increase—$2,729,079, or 15 per cent. Porcelain electrical supplies also showed a large increase—s2,4l7,l66, or 34 per cent. China, the highest grade of pottery, has been a minor product In value, yet its value in 1917 showed an increase of $1,327,534, or 38 per cent, compared with 1916. Its value in *1917 was nearly twice as great as in 1913. The value of white ware, including china, which comprises the general household wares and constitutes more than 45 per cent of the value of all pottery, was $25,726,375 in 1917, an increase of $4,656,613, or 19 per cent, over 1916. If to this sum is added the value, of the high-grade products, sanitary ware and porcelain electrical supplies, the total value in 1917 was $47,814,178, or $7,998,579 more than in 1916.

U. S. Gasoline Substitute Reputed to Reduce the Cost by Sixty Cents on Dollar

A gasoline substitute which can be manufactured to sell at two-fifths of the present cost of gasoline may be on the market by the first of the year. An "announcement by the war department states that such a substitute has been produced by the research and development division of the department. According to the present plan, the formula will be released to manufacturers, probably under some agreement with the war department as to the margin of profit that will be allowed. The product, which has kerosene for a base, is odorless, colorless and non-corrosive, according to the war department’s statement, and tests have proved it to develop a thermal efficiency greater than the best gasoline. It was said that Capt. E. C. W eisgarber, a gas and oil engineer connected with the department, who is responsible for the discovery and development of the substitute, will be relieved from duty and placed in charge of its distribution.

Mother’s Cook Book

There are sweet surprises awaiting many a humble soul fighting against great odds In the battle of a seemingly commonplace life. Food for the Family. The following is something different from the usual: Tapioca Pudding. Make a sago or tapioca pudding, using milk, sweeten slightly, add a bit of salt and bake in a slow oven. Send to the table with a pitcher ,of cream and one of caramel sauce, also cold. To make the caramel rrfelt four tablespoonfuls of sugar In a saucepan, stirring constantly until it is clear and bright brown. Add enough boiling water to make It of the consistency of thin sirup. . , .-y ea Cookies. Take one cupful of molasses, onehalf cupful of shortening, four eggs, one cupful each of sugar and chopped nuts, two cupfuls of raisins, cut fine; a teaspoonful of soda stirred into the molasses with spices to taste and flour to make a mixture to roll very thin. The egg yolks are mixed with the other ingredients, but the whites are reserved for icing the cookies after they arb baked. Peasant Pudding. Crumble, bits of rye or graham bread to fill a pint measure, mix with a little granulated sugar and put into a hot oven and let the bread dry. When sandlike in consistency, take out of the oven and cool; mix with a 'tart jam of plum or apricot and serve with whipped cream. Shred half a heafi of crisp cabbage and let stand !ftgp»ld water for an hour. 1 Drain and dry well and serve with the following dressing: Whip half a pint of slightly sour cream until thick; add sugar, salt and a dash of red pepper. Double Cheese Toast. r Toast strips of bread on one side, on the other spread a mixture of eream cheese and grated American cheese, mixed with a little chopped green peppers. Then toast until the cheese is slightly brown. Spice Cookies. ! Cream one-third of-a cupful of fat, add half a cupful of sugar, one beaten egg and a cupful of molasses, in which is dissolved a teaspoonful of soda. Add three and a half cupfuls of flour, cinnamon, cloves, and nutmeg to taste, with currants, chopped raisins and a .fewnuts. Drop on buttered tins and sprinkle with sugar. Bake in a moderate ■ X ' • _■ -1|«w1~ i *:■ ■xff- " < ■- aU

POTATO FLOUR INDUSTRY

Chief of Dehydration Bureau Predicts It Will Revolutionize Food Situation in the United States.

S. 'ft, Proscott, chief nf the dehydration bureau, chemistry division, department of agriculture, sounded a note of national Interest at the recent Wisconsin potato exposition in an address before the Potato Association of America when he discussed the possibilities of the manufacture of potato flour and the dehydration of the vegetable in the United States. “The manufacture of potato flour is a brand neW industry in this country,” said Major Prescott. “There are only.two mills In operation now. These are at Idaho Falls, Idaho, and Canton, Pa. But I am sure that the industry . will grow to vast proportions in the next few years and will cause a vital change, if not a revolution, in the food supply situation in the United States. “The potato crop of the United States is now 360,000,000 bushels. With the new market afforded the farmers by potato flour mills, I expect to see it reach a billion bushels. “Germany.bad three dehydration plants in T 903. Today it has 1,900. Potato flour and dehydrated vegetables enabled Germany to hold out in the war as long as It did. “General Pershing last September ordered 30,000 tons of dehydrated vegetables sent to the soldiers in France. This tonnage will occupy one-sixth the shipping space that would have been necessary for not dehydrated. Dehydration means a great saving In shipping expense as well as shipping space. Canned tomatoes shipped from California can be laid down in France for $7 a case. The same amount of food value in the same vegetable can be shifffed the same distance for 70 cents. “The importance of this saving can be better appreciated when it is known that the vast proportion of the population of the United States is fed bn food shipped from 100 to 2,000 miles. “All the proteins,” mineral salts and-vitamines in the potato are preserved in potato flour because the flour is made from the unpeeled potato. The flour has 2 per cent higher food value than wheat flour.”

CHICKEN HOUSE NEEDS VENTILATION

Good Ventilation in the chicken house is essential to success in the poultry business, according to Ross M, Sherwood, poultry husbandry specialist in the extension division of the Kansas State Agricultural college. “The two methods most commonly used are the open-front house and the curtain-front house,” said Mr. Sherwood. “The open front provides the most fresh air and is giving excellent results in some sections, but many persons find it desirable to have curtains that may be placed over most of the openings during bad weather. It has been found that a house closed on three sides and tightly curtained on the south does not provide enough fresh air. To remedy this, a narrow opening is often made just under the rafters. This causes a freer circulation of air than is possible with all the opening curtained, and yet does not allow the wind to blow on the fowls.” The large curtained openings should be from 30 to 36 inches from the floor tn order tHat the wind may not sweep in directly upon the flock. During the summer months openings on the other sides of the building are necessary to make it cool enough that the fowls will roost there. These openings should be so located that the birds will not be in a direct draft during the night. These extra openings should be closed tightly in winter.

"Old King Cole” of Nursery Fame an Ancient Sovereign

The first reference to “Old King Cole,” the “merry old soul” of the famous nursery rhyme, was made in a book written by Dr. William King, who was born in 1«33. It is probable that the song was composed in the seventeenth century, although some investigators think it much older. Halllwell identifies the merry monarch with Cole or Coel, a semi-mythical king of Elritain, who is supposed to have reigned in the third century. The Scotch also have an “Old King Coulr said to have lived in the fifth century. Freeman and other historians say a King Cole ruled Britain in the sixth century. There are many who assert that the reference to the pipe indicates» that Old King Cole lived at a period after Raleigh had introduced tobacco into Europe, but this does not necessarily follow, as a “pipe” might mean a musical Instrument.

Why the Barber Pole Is Painted Red and White

-The barber pole is a souvenir of the days when all kinds of business were represented by pictorial signs, largely because ability to read was not general. An explanation of the barber pole Is that It comes from the time when barberlng was done by surgeons or physicians and when the practice of bleeding for all kinds of illness prevailed. The barber stripes, according to this explanation, picture the blood stain on white cloth so frequently to be observed after taking the bleeding treatment. The barber pole has nothing to do with national colors.

Now for Motor Sleighs.

The government’s first motor sleigh, designed for mail delivery work in Alaska, has been shipped from Cleveland. It is 25 feet long, 3. feet wide ind is expected to cover at least WO miles of - ice and snow track ft day,-with a burden ofsoo. pounds jf mall. Present delivery is made ay dog teams. . ; \ ■ \

Cotton in Egypt.

Area planted to eotton in Egypt is ibout 1368,000 acres, compared with 1,744,000 last year. Weather is favorible, but on account of decreased the production must .be unaller. --if .'. II : -t—rnr Tr.- - -71*

Tell Character of Child By Number of Days It Was Born After the New Moon

There is a very ancient superstition which says that it is possible to tell the approximate character of a child by the number of days it . was born after the appearance of the new moon. The following are the most important indications: If born within twenty-four hours after a new moon the ehild will live to a good old age, and practically everything he undertakes in life will be successful. If born within two days after the new rAoon the child will be fortunate, particularly in accidental things. If upon the third day, this person will achieve success, largely through the help and assistance of others. If upon the fourth day, the child will not be so successful in life, and may have several serious illnesses. Born upon the fifth day, such a person will prove-successful if care be taken to -start certain enterprises at certain times. The sixth is not a good day, as a rule. Dreams are untrustworthy. The seventh day’s child will have many troubles but will -conquer them all. On the eighth, success; dreams will prove helpful and lost articles found. Riches and honor await the child born upon the ninth day. The tenth day is unfavorable on the whole, especially to boys. A long, happy life to those born on the eleventh day. All dreams of the twelfth-day child will prove true quickly.

Shoe Manufacture in China Is Conducted by the Women

All China stays home on wet days. Why? Because Chinese shoes are made wholly of cloth, through which the water readily runs; hence, to keep dry feet, the Chinese stay indoors when it rains. Chinese ■ shoes are made by women. Early in childhoodthey learn the work, and husband and father and sons are all shod by the work of the women of the household. If the women can make more shoes than their own men require, then they still make shoes —to be . sold in the shops. The tiny shoes of the housewife are made in the privacy of her own bedroom, not even the husband watching her work. The sides of the shoes are made of new cloth, anything from cheapest cotton to richest velvet. Soles are made of several thicknesses of cloth or paper put together with paste, with new cloth on the outside.. The soles are from a half inch to two inched thick. The thickness of the sole is an evidence of the financial standing of the wearer.

Canada Appropriates Large Sum to Lend Municipalities

A fund of $25,000,000 has been created by the dominion government from which amounts in proportion to population may be borrowed by the governments of the various provinces for application toward bettering the housing conditions of wage earners. . The provincial governments probably will advance the money to municipalities desiring to attempt a betterment of housing conditions of Industrial workers, although the order in council setting aside the fund provides that it may be administered through municipalities or'otherwise.

Wood and Coal.

Investigations by the agricultural department show that* one standard cord of well seasoned hickpry, oak, beech, birch, hard maple, ash, elm, locust or cherry wood is approximately equal to one ton (2,000 pounds) of anthracite. A cord and a half of soft maple or, two cords of cedar, poplar or basswood are 1 required to give the same amount of heat. One cord of well seasoned mixed wood equals at least one ton cf, average grade bituminous coal.

When British Took Gurna in 1914, Arabia Was Put on Map by the Operation

At the junction of the Tlgrla audl Euphrates rivers—loo miles from the Persian gulf—ls the town of (Turna. The few tourists who, in ante-bellum days, says a writer in Asia Maguzine, sailed past Gurna Were told to look with- reverence a t the spot, for here was the original Garden Of Eden. In'December, 1914, the British took Gurija and Arabia was puhofi-themapi The advance which British arms made in the land of Arab was important in proportion, as the Germans regarded Arabia as important. Arabia" loomed large on the Teutonic horizon because it was the door to “Mattel Europa” and because it is the cradle of Islam.— Since Islam is professed by the majority of the population in Tait- ? key, and 63,000,000 of Indians, andi 20,000,000 of Russians, and 24,000,000 in the East Indies, and 12,000,000 in Egypt, and 8,000,000 in Persia, and 5.000,000 in Afghanistan, and 8,000,000 in China —Islam was considered worthy of an attempt at wedlock, holy or unholy. If you look, at the map of the Mediterranean you. will see that Cyprus seeins to have a great finger which points just to where Asia Minor bends down sharply to form the Syrian coast. Napoleon noticed this more than 100 years ago and suggested that there lay the key to any situation which would Involve that part of the world. Follow the finger and it is significant that the objective of the British campaigns in Palestine and Mesopotamia was Alleppo. Thence draw the line straight across, and you draw with almost uncanny accuracy the northern linguistic boundary of Arabia.

WORDS OF WISE MEN

Energy of will depends upon depth of emotion. —Martensen. A narrow mind will not admire, neither will a conceited one. w A man living amid the advantages and activities of the nineteenth century is a condensed Methusaleh. —Chapin. The beginnings Of self-decep-tion are so slight that they are likely to be unnoticed until the .habit is fixed upon us. We can scarcely be too strict and honest with ourselves in little matters and large ones.

Food Price Increase Shows Sixteen Per Cent Average

An average increase of 16 per cent in the cost of 22 basic food commodities throughout the United States during the year ended with September was shown in figures made public by the labor department’s bureau of statistics. The figures are based on price quotations received monthly from more than 2,000 retail stores. Baltimore led the cities of the country with an increase of 23 per cent, while Salt Lake City showed the lowest, 10 per cent. Other points showing a high Increase were Seattle, Wash., 23 per cent.; Scranton, Pa., 21.3 per cent; San Francisco, 20.6 per cent.; Richmond, Va., 20.6 per cent.; Charleston, S. C., 20.3 per cent; Portland, Ore., 20 per cent; Atlanta, Ga., 19.6 per cent; Los Angeles, 19.5 per cent; Washington, D. C., 19,4 per cent; and Memphis, 19.1 per cent

SMILES FOR ALL

A Permanent Sufferer. “I don’t like the way this road Is run,” said the irritable passenger?” “What right have you to kick?” said the conductor. “You only have to make this trip once in a while.” Stumped for Sure.

Correlation. **l hear your daughter raised everything before her.”' * “So she did, but I raised the dust.” Pessimistic. Emersonian—-Do you believe in the law of compensation? Poor Man —I do; but I am also convinced Of the law’s delays. For Revenue Only.

"With all-your debts you have the assurance to ask for the hand of my daughter? What are you * thinking of?” ■ “My debts ”

Spotted. Buck—What’s become of the man who used to lay up something for a rainy day? . Wing—l saw him this morning, and he was buying a spare tire I ' Back to thq Old Ways. “It Seems queer.”. * . “What does'?” , “To admit once more that I am a man of peace.”

“The actor should forget that he has an audience,” said the critic. “That’s easy.” replied the actor. The hard part Is to forget that he hasn’t one.”