Evening Republican, Volume 21, Number 293, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 16 December 1918 — Page 3

"SERBIAN ADVANCE”

“Serbians advance” read the communiques, and we begin to remember the heroism and the sufferings and the need of the courageous, terribly, tortured little nation which we had almost forgotten in the overwhelming mass of nearer suffering that fills our minds. No other nation, not even Belgium, has suffered during this war as Serbia has. - France is full of Serbian refugees. She has given them a wonderfully warm and friendly welcome, but she cannot fill all their needs, and the American Red Cross must help. ' , ; Milossavllevltch is a Serbian officer. He has five brothers in the Serbian army. He himself was Jn Russia when the war broke out and served with the Russian army until it ceased to fight the Germans; He was eight times wounded and was decorated • with the highest honors t that Russia can bestow. After the Russian break he escaped to France, badly wounded in the head and ill with tuberculosis which he had contracted during his long campaign. He brought his wife and little baby with him. He had been a man of some importance among his own people, a man of education and considerable wealth. Now he came to France with nothing, not a penny in the world,, but he found friends. He is now in one of the splendid Scottish women’s hospitals, which makes special provision for Serbians, and the American Red Cross Is taking care of his wife and baby until be gets well. Three? old Serbian soldiers with long gray beards came into the Paris offices of the Red Cross the other day. They had been'fighting for seven years in the Serbian army and had just been released because they had attained the age limit of fifty-five. They were looking for work in some French factory and thfey needed clothes. The Red Cross fitted them out .with wahn; durable garments. Stephanovitch is a soldier, too; all have been soldiers at some time. He made a terrible retreat in 1915 with a group who followed a route leading through the country near Monastir, right where the French and Serbs were fecently advancing. Stephanovttch is tall. He was once broad shouldered and handsome, but when the Red Cross discovered him in France he was wasted and thin with tuberculosis. He was sent to a Red Cross sanatorium near Paris and in one month gained fifteen pounds. They are little things to do, but in the multitude of them Res a testimony of America’s love and admiration for the courageous little nation which faced « destruction rather than desert her allies and which is now making such a gallant fight for existence. . t ’

TIPS FOR THE POULTRY GROWER

Do not kill the laying hen. Separate the good layers from the poor ones and send the poor layers to market. Progress In all breeding is based on selection. Apply selection to your poultry. Keep the best and breed from them and watch the improvements. Keep the hustlers—those that are on the range early and go to roost with full crops. 4 ■ The good layer is active. She is a hustler for worms and bugs. She has a bright red comb and a bright eye. The plumage of the good layer is usually much more broken up .than the plumage of the poor The higtf-egg-yleld hens are usually late to ftyoult. They may also have pale oi* faded shanks and beaks. The pelvic bones, or lay-bones, of the laying hen are far enough apart so that three fingers can be placed between them. These two bones can be felt, one or each side of the vent, somewhere above the vent. The good layer has thin, pliable pelvic bones. - There should not be less than three or four fingers distance from the pelvic bones to the point of breast bone. There should also be good distance from the ribs on one side around to the ribs on the other side. In other words, the abdomen should be large and roomy, indicating that the hen has a.large capacity for the assimilation of food and for the production of eggs. The skin of the abdomen should be loose enough to suggest an udder that has been milked out . The inferior laying hen of the meat type has thick, beefy pelvic bones, with hard lumps at the ends. Such hens are not heavy layers. Sell them. They usually weigh heavy. Sell hens that have arched, hard lay-bones, especially if the distance between the lay-bones and breast bone Is not great , ; Sell any hen that seems to lack vitality. , ? ' Market any hen that has a decidedly crooked breast bone, scaley legs, long toe nails, or Is “broken down” behind. Hens of the light breeds may be profitably kept for three seasons; those of the 'heavy breeds, for two seasons. Do not sell early hatched pullets as broilers. Keep them and they will be your winter layers. They will also prove vastly superior as breeding birds to those later hatched pullets that are not mature enough to lay until spring.

Significance of Adage “Crossing the Rubicon.”

Rubicon was the name of a small river which formed part of the boundary line of ancient Italy, and on one occasion Julius Caesar precipitated a war by leading his troops across the river. From this the phrase passing or crossing the Rubicon became a figure of speech to designate any decisive or important step that was beyond recall. - John Adams, an American/ patriot of the Revolutionary period, declared in a letter written about the beginning of the war: “The die is now cast I have passed the Rubicon. Sink or swim, live or die, survive or perish ■with my country, is my unalterable determination.” The letter was written just after the battie of Bunker HIIL

Orange Twelve Centuries Old

The orange was originally a pearshaped fruit, but not much larger than a cherry, and it is said that its evolution is due to twelve centuries of cultivation.

By MARGARET L FARRAND

Time Required to Cook the Beans Depends on Length of Time Beans Have Been Kept.

In cooking dry beans, the time required either in the oven or the cooking box will vary with the length of time the beans have been kept; the older the beans the more cooking re* quired, according to the United States department of agriculture. Soak one quart of beans over night} in the morning drain them and cover with cold water and heat to boiling. Let boil until the skins will burst when touched very lightly, adding one-quar-ter teaspoonful of soda a few minutes before taking from the fire. Drain through a colander. Return to the kettle and add one teaspoonful of salt, one teaspoonful of mustard, three tablespoonfuls of molasses and one-half pound of salt pork, washed and scraped, and cover with boiling water. Let boil 20 or 30 minutes, then place In the cooking box. If the beans are new, six hours In the box will be Ibng enough. Old beans require longer cooking and should be left In the box over night, then reheated in the morning, and returned to the box. They will be ready to serve for fh6 middaymeal. ’ Dried vegetables, such as peas, beans, Lima beaks, lentils or corn may be soaked in cold water several hours, and then after the preliminary boiling of a few minutes kept from six to twelve hours in the cooker. They may be cooked with salt pork, and thus prepared they are liked by many, or they may be cooked with vegetable oil, as olive oil, or they may be cooked plain and seasoned with salt, pepper, and butter or cream. The longer, then, dry yegetables are cooked in the box the more palatable: and the more digestible they will be.

We Are Living in Changed And Fast Changing World.

To us all there has come of late the Inescapable, fact that we are living in a changed and fast changing world, says the Christian Herald. Under the stress and strain of a world upheaval our physical, domestic, economic and social life is undergoing daily the process of change. We are adjusting ourselves to a new environment ; are living under new legal restrictions and abiding by new social customs and obligations. Through It all there are going on within us equally great changes in our attitudes to life and its problems and tasks. We have been forced out of our provinciality and provincialism into a world outlook; an international spirit is rising; our interests have taken on a worldwide aspect and our concerns embrace the political and economic welfare of all humanity. , ■« ..

Popular Science.

The heart weighs only about half a pound. Yon should breathe once every three seconds. You consume about 18 pints of air per minute. The temperature of the body is maintained evenly during health. The heart pumps the blood a distance of almost 385 miles in one year.

Early Use of Coal.

Though wood and turf formed the fuel of our early ancestors, investigations have proved that the Britons, even prior to the Roman occupation, made use of coat But as it was possible to utilize only such coal as lay at or near the surface, the practice did not make headway for many centuries.

the EVBKIWO REPtTBLICAN. RENSamAER. TXP.

Size of Greater New York Is So Huge It Can Only Be Expressed in Superlatives

In 1917 exports passing out of New York harbor had a greater volume than the 'confined exports of Asia, Africa and Australia. The imports coming through its customs lines exceeded in value those of the continents of South America, Africa and Australia together. ’ For such operations as these, writes William Joseph Showalter in National Geographic Magazine, New York, perforce, must be a great metropolis. In population it outranks any one of half the nations of the earth, surpasses that of the entire continent'of Australia and matches the combined strength of the six Westernmost states of the J American union. In annual expenditures jt exceeds aU except seven of the fifty-odd nations on the map. Its water system could supply the whole earth with drinking water, and its storage reservoirs hold, enough to slake civilization’s thirst for more than a year. Its electric transportation lines carry nearly twice as many passengers in 12 months as all the steam railroads of the United States. They could give every man, woman and child living a ride every ten months —so much for the yardstick comparison. It seems unbelievable, but if every resident whose parents were born in America were to leave New York its standing as the second most populous center in the world would not be affected. In other words, the number of immigrants and their children resident' in New York is almost equal to the combined populations, of Paris and Philadelphia and greater than thte combined populations of Chicago and Berlin. Three people out of every four in the great metropolis were born under alien flags or are the children of the foreign born. But who that has studied the situation can gainsay New York’s Americanism?

JESTS AND JINGLES

Aggravating. “Her husband infuriates her.” “Gets mad when she starts an argument?” “Naw. He just yawns." .. ' ■ Unchangeable Feline. Niece (angrily)—That Mrs. Blank is an old cat. . 7 , Uncle Dick—Shouldn’t wonder. I knew her as a girl and she was very kittenish. A Foolish Man. ;

—— I>. MoUrnful Numbers. Earlie—What are “mournful numbers,” dad? i . , His Dad—Figures in bills for fall bonnets, my son. Not fay His Wife. “I wish to purchase a pet." “What sort of a pet?” "Oh, any kind of an intelligent pet. Something for my wife.” “Well, sir, this dog can do anything but talk*” "I’ll take him. That defect will never be noticed.” Large Enough. / \

Salesman —Carpets. This way, lady. Are your rooms of go d d size? Customer —We live in a flat. Salesman —Oh! carpet remnants two aisles to the right

New Way to Read. “Dorothy always begins a novel in the middle of it" “What’s that for?” “Why, then she has two problems to be excited over; how the story will end and how it will begin.” „ -

Plant Called “Quinoa” May Prove Substitute for Wheat

There has long been cultivated on the west coast of South America a plant called "quinoa,” which botanists and cereal experts believe may prove an excellent substitute for wheat, in fact preferable to the substitutes now in use, says Popular Mechanics Magazine. This plant, now attracting particular attention because of the shortage of foodstuffs, has been cultivated in South America, in more or less primitive fashion, since pre-Inca days. The department of agriculture has imported several lots of quinoa seed and seed of related species and is making experiments with it in the hope of finding a suitable soil and efimate in this country for fte cultivation.

Australian Wheat.

Howard A. Treat, secretary to the commercial attache at Melbourne, reports that negotiations have been completed for the sale of 2,000,000 bushels of Australian wheat to NejrZealandat $137 a bushel. /

“I guess I don’t know how to manage a wife.” "It is evident you 'don’t know much about wives in general or you wouldn’t try.”

A Bird in the Hand

(Special Information Service. United States Department of Agriculture.) WIN SUCCESS WITH UNIFORM FLOCK

Pride, One of the Essentials to Poultry Success, Comes With the OneType Flock.

UNIFORM FOWLS ARE PROFITABLE

Owner of Such a Rock Will Find It Aids Materially in Selling Breeding Stock. TO DEVELOP UTILITY BIRDS First Step Is to Discard All Specimens That Do Not Approach Standard Weight of Their BreedSelection of Type. \ ' A .good-looking flock, one in which the birds are all the same breed and are uniform in size and color, is a standard advertisement. The owner, if he is in the market to sell breeding stock,, will find that such a flock materially aids in making sales. > If the poultry raiser is interested in the production of eggs and meat he will, as a general rule, have greater success with such a flock. Good results with stock that does not look good is not Impossible, but it is a matter of common observation that poultry keepers who are indifferent about the looks of their stock rarely make notable successes. Their success is irregular and spasmodic. In practically every case the man who starts in the poultry business with a mongrel-looking flock and who does well with it begins systematically to improve its appearance. Poultry having distinctive appearance seems to be essential to any marked increase in poultry products.

Sufficient attention to secure a pleasing uniformity in a flock is in the highest degree practical. Experience has shown over and over that where this Is lacking Interest is apt to lag if production is not maintained. Beauty and utility of individuals should be combined. These two points should be kept constantly in mind in the selec', tion and breeding of every flock. In the work of developing a uniform i Utility flock the first step is to discard ’ absolutely all specimens that do not approach the standard weight of their breed. The standard weights for adult male and female birds in any breed are the most desirable for breeding specimens. The weight requirement should also apply to young birds, for immature fowls are not fit for breeding and young birds .at maturity that are much under weight are undesirable. While it is impractical to adhere to exact standard weights ft is advisable to avoid variations of more than 5 or 6 per cent either above or below the standard. ‘ Selecting a Type. A second consideration in the development of the flock is the selection of type. There is a difference of opinion among breeders as to the essentials of type. Unlike standard weights there is no exacting rule to guide the poultry raiser In selecting type. Experience pnd a trained eye will make a good judge. A safe rule to follow, particularly for beginners, is to reject all specimens that are unquestionably offtype and to use only the best birds in the breeding flock. - Closely related to the selection of type is the question of vigor and vitality of the birds. The standard type of a breed presents, with a certain size and form, a carriage and symmetry which are the result and expression of vigor, vitality and a perfectly balanced structure and are, therefore, as much a part of type as length, breadth and depth of body or any other characteristic which is taken into consideration by an experienced judge. Vigor and vitality are first considerations in the utility flock. Strong,’ healthy birds are the best layers, make the best gains and should be the only kind allowed in the breeding flock. The ability of the birds to bear unpleasant weather conditions and sudden changes from warm or comfortable to raw, chilly weather, is one of

the best tests of vitality and vigor. Susceptibility to such changes shows a lack of robustness of cbnstitutlon and a poor circulation of blood, and birds that are seriously affected by sudden changes of temperature should not be retained for breeders or have a place in the flock which is expected to produce winter eggs. , Causes of Weaknesses. This is true if the fault is with the birds themselves and not with the poultry keeper. Wrong management may put the best and most healthful flock out of condition. Bad ventlla-; tion of poultry houses, improper feed-ing—-either underfeeding or overfeeding, and especially the too free use of highly concentrated feed to force growth or egg production—are common causes which make naturally sound and healthy fowls unduly ceptible to ordinary weather changes. Appropriate size and type and\the vitality that gives and expresses perfect health and essentials In mating stsxifdard poultry for practical results. Every poultry raiser who desires a utility flock of birds of uniform appearance should not neglect to give any one of these essentials his careful’ consideration. They are equally essential to the breeder who desires to produce birds of high exhibition quality, for with these essentials as the foundation he can develop show birds that will be desirable also for their practical qualities.

FEED GREEN CUT BONE.

Green cut bone can often be purchased from the butcher. This material when fresh makes an excellent substitute for beef scrap. It should be purchased in small quantities, as it cannot be kept fresh fbr any length of time and when spoiled may cause severe bowel Rouble. It is best fed in a trough not oftener than every other day, allowing about one-half ounce per bird. Should severe or continued looseness of the bowels follow the feeding of green cut bone it should be discontinued or the quantity reduced. . 4 ’

Treatment of Diseased Birds. The medical treatment of roup may be very successful if properly applied. The sick birds should be removed from the flock and put into a warm, dry and well-ventilated room which is free from drafts. The affected mucous membranes should then be treated by applying antiseptic and healing mixtures. The best method is to use a a good spraying apparatus, but, lacking this, a small syringe, an oilcan, or even a medicine dropper can be mnde to answer the purpose, or the bird’s head may be plunged Into a basin or 0.-,wl of the mixture and held there a few seconds, but not long enough to cause suffocation. The remedies most suitable for such treatment are: Boric acid, 1 ounce; water, 1 quart. Or, permanganate of potash, 1 dram; water, 1 pint Or. boric acid, 1% ounces; borate of soda (common baking soda). % ounce ; water, 1 quart. Or, peroxide of hydrogen, 1 ounce; water, 3 ounce?, , Before applying these remedies it Is well to-wH§h. the eyes and mouth with warm water one teaspponful of common salt to a quart, using a pledget of absorbent cotton and rubbing gently, while at the same time pressing and massaging about the nostrils and under the eyes to loosen the accumulated secretion. If there is much swelling under the eyes it must be carefully . opened with a sharp, clean knife, all the secretion removed, and the cavity washed with one of the above-mentioned solutions. A pledget of cotton moistened with the solution may be left in the opening for an hour or two, or it may be dusted with iodo form powder. >Vhen the swelling under the eye is not very large or hard it may often be reduced by massaging it in such manner as to press the eou tents toward the nostril.

“OVER HERE”

By MARIE BUCKLEY.

»*%%♦%%%**»%***%%*♦**♦***♦******• (Copyright, 1918, by McClure - Syndicate.) Lucy Knowlton (tamped into tfae library of her home. Her pretty brown eyes flashed and a deep and burning flush spread over her pretty cheeks. There were signs in her face and manner of ungovernable temper and irritability, somewhat overcast by a shadow of offended pride. Evidently something had gone wrong with the spirit of K -. But for Lucy vain society would have- sat until doomsday trying to Invent a new fad, a new sport or an original style of formality. For Lucy was the clever originator in K of everything clever, of everything the “vogue,” and, if people had looked to the sensibleness of things instead of to the belle Lucy, everything preposterous. But yet Lucy was Lucy, bom Lucy and no other, the impulsive, impetnous, self-willed daughter of her mother. The latter sat unseen by the girl in* a silk plush easy chair, nose glasses held slightly aloof and book in hand, her lips slight!/ parted, as she watched the proceedings, not altogether strange to her. The hat came off with a sharp jerk, and its delicaee little frame, given a terrific jab with a hatpin, was slammed forcibly onto the library table. Mrs. Knowlton rustled the leaves of her book slightly, enough to show her presence. Lucy started at the unexpected break of silence, and seeing it was her mother, gave a little frown as If vexed. "Mother,” she exploded, "I am tired of doing this little bit of Red Cross work I What are a few bandages? I am going to France as soon as Hannah can pack—tomorrow, probably.” Mrs. Knowlton’s mouth opened wide. Then it shut into a firm and angry line. The next morning was/an unpleasant one for the beginning of a long trip. The wind blew In great gusts along the dreary streets. Lucy, after bidding a solemn goodby to her mother, hastened down the steps with a bold, determined air and raised her umbrella. “Ugh! Such horrid weather 1 But I will soon be away from it—-yes, away from everything in this old city. She says I cannot be a Red Cross nurse; well, I will be an ambulance driver, then.” As she murmured to herself she recklessly splashed into puddles, and unaware of it, her stockings and skirt were much spotted with mud. “Mt show them my license If they say anything, and —” There was a high, wild scream. Lucy, in her attempt to keep up her Umbrella against the gale, had been rushing along, umbrella forward, and had bumped into somebody’s stomach. “I beg pardon!” the girl exclaimed as she stepped hurriedly aside, “I really did not mean to;' I—” Her words ended in a little gasp. Then her head went up and she started confusedly to turn and hurry. Her arm, however, was held as in a vise. "Wen, I say, girlie, that was a pretty little Jab you just gave me. I thought for a minute some German had me stuck for sure,” a low,, deep vplce said pleasantly, and a pair of laughing eyes looked down Inta, hers. "I cannot step one minute. I have to catch that train, and I—l am going away from here.” Lucy breathlessly faltered as she tried to wriggle from his grasp. But he pulled her gently toward a near-by shelter. This was an old but small structure, built years ago, to protect people waiting for cars from the rain and snow. One half was for this purpose and the other half was inhabited by the timekeeper. "I say, you’re a bit obstinate today, little one,” laughed Chester Price, as he gently pushed her inside the shelter. “I did not say you could take hold of my arm and take me in here!" flashed Lucy, while she gave the floor a slight tap with her boot. “You did not need to tell me I could," he said seriously. "You are ■such a silly child, Lucy; such a child. You are going to France, eh; and all to avoid me. Now, sh — your mother has told me all about it. She must have guessed the trouble." "Oh, why did she tell?” whimpered the girl. “You hate me, don’t you, Lucy? Tell me you hate me,” he whispered playfully. There was no answer. Lucy’s head had fallen on her breast and her fingers played nervously with the end of her coat. • “I did not mean to be cross with you yesterday, sweetheart. I am sorry if I offended you. Will you forgive me?" Forgive me?” Lucy raised her head quickly. “Forgive you? Oh, Chester! I thought you did.not love me; I —” she burst into tears and wept on his breast. “I do love you, girl,” lie said, "with all my heart I love you.” and their lips met in a kiss. “There never was such a girl!” - 7 “I was going to become a Red Cross nurse,” she said, as she glanced archly up at him, with a twinkle in her moist eyes. j • "Yes, I know. Luqy, do you think you would ever make a capable Red Cross nurse? Now, own up!” "N—n—no,” and her eyelashes feH t under his gaze. “I guess I would only be in the way of the Red Cross,” she added shyly, and Chester Price held her close. / little rain-shelter was the placed where this young couple “made up.” Nobody had heard; nobody had seen, and all was peaceful once more.