Evening Republican, Volume 21, Number 259, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 4 November 1918 — Page 3

The Woman’s Peace Party

By HARRIET CHAPPEL

ot n»viaumtu

Ages ago—that is, in the early days of the European war, the Woman’s Peace party undertook the noble work of curing the world’s war sickness.] They attracted my attention by announcing a two weeks’ course of lectures which promised vast enlightenment. On their list of speakers were notable names? I remember- hearing Professor Hull, Professor Nasmith, Norman Angell, Madeline Z. Doty, and Crystal Eastman. 1 attached myself to them with great hopes. I thought, “Now I shall hear of a substitute for war, effective enough to check evil doers,” for I bad .a Philistine feeling that there were evildoers yet about Daily I listened to those lectures and even timidly put my questions when the proper time for question came. They were nice people, those friends, and L am very grateful for the opportunity of study which they afforded me. But my first question, “Suppose some evil-minded nation is really bent on aggression, what means Can be used for curbing it without warfare?” never received a direct answer. That was because they blandly assumed that all nations are really bent on peacejyxd wars arise purely from misapprehensions; therefore what is needed is agreements to arbitrate and to boycott fretful nations. So simple! Might Be Sinner Nations. My supposition that there might be sinner nations must have seemed frightfully crude, but somehow it lingers with me yet. Their plans, based on International agreements and economic penalties, appeared to me so remote and so conditional upon the good will of the parties—which good will would keep the peace anyway—that I grew doubtful of their practical value. But a second problem there was, which might bring to light a remedy for war. “In case an aggressor appeared, would he be disarmed by nonresistance?” I thought. Perhaps a nation of willing martyrs, ready to be stripped of land and life rather than fight, would shame the world into peace. “But,” thought I, “what an

Why Can’t I Kill a German?

By WILLIAM HAMILTON OSBORNE

of The Vigilantes

I am, well say, a loyal American citizen, over draft and enlistment age, with not the slightest present chance' of going to war. But I am war-like, we’ll say,—and I want to kill my German.. Why won’t they let me? One day along comes my opportunity. I overhead two men Conspiring to blow up a bridge over which a troop train Is to pass. I follow them. While they ore engaged In their operations 1 draw a gun and shoot them dead. I am satisfied. I have killed two Germans instead of one. And I have saved the lives of a thousand American soldiers. I am a hero. Nevertheless I get a jolt. Instead of lauding me to the skies, the authorities arrest me, and hold me on the technical charge of murder. Why? Well, In the first place, when the facts come out, the situation is a little Inconvenient. One of the two men- I have killed turns out to be a secret service man, who has pretended to be a German spy, and who has pretended to fall in with the other man’s plans—-his idea being to arrest him; or even shoot him before the plan can be carried out. Therefore in this particular case, one of the men I have hilled turns out to have been not only a patriotic American citizen, but a very valuable American citizen. In my excess of zeal I have overstepped the mark. Perhaps I should be held for manslaughter in the case of the secret service man —but why should they hold me for the murdCr of the German? And yet they do. He is an enemy alien. Why the Slayer l« a Murderer. The facts above are purely fanciful of course. And yet, they are significant. He is ’a slayer, In the suppositious ease, guilty of murder —and If so, why? He is a civilian, not assigned to duty, and not acting under orders. He is not a warrior—he is not a police oflicer. Now, every citizen is vested with several rights. In the first place, he may defend himself, his home, his household, his chattels, to the death. In the second place, he has the right of arrest. Where a crime Is committed In his presence, he arrest the offender; if the offender resists arrest, the civilian may enforce arrest; If the enforcement ‘of arrest endangers his own life, then he may take life in enforcing the arrest. Take two cases: a belligerent mob,’ or a detachment of enemy soldiers, descend upon a village or community, with the evident and avowed purpose of attacking it. Every man, woman and child In that community has the right to the advances of that mpb or squad of solidlers, and in defending that right, they, have the right to kill. So, too, as in the Instance of the German who had conspired to Now up a bridge, the citisen has the right of arrest —but be

amount of educating it will take tune the minds of a whole people . this self-sacrifice. Perhaps these friends seek to do that work of education?" But no. They scarcely admitted the case of invasion of an unresisting people. Neither did I hear advice to endure all that might be inflicted by a foe. Friend? might persecute a pacifist, but a so Since that time Russia’s conflagration has illuminated the idea, but even Russians have not been consistent martyrs. They have done some lively fighting when antagonists have proved to be not altogether harmless. < ' J Finally. I thought, “Although they have neither a practical substitute for war. nor a holy teaching of non-resist-ance. perhaps still they offer the clearest, swiftest leadership we have, and in a little while they will, perhaps, formulate the practical remedy.” But a third time I was disappointed. Could Not Follow Them. . .J 1 As the current of events swept the United States toward war, these people' might have joined in the needed..,w.mjk. of the hour, making themselves useful as Norman Angell has, and “deferred their teaching of ideals until the people returned to a teachable mood. In such a course they would have shown practical leadership and good pedagogy. Instead they persistently forced their cry for “peace” upon a nation angrily conscious Of a throttling hand ar its throat. They did more. They went to Washington and hung upon the skirts of a sorely-tried government with the alm of hampering its action. And their I broke with them. \ Regretfully I wrote to them saying I could no longer follow a leadership so lacking in propriety, so out of touch with the actual American spirit, so dominated by fantastic theories made in Germany. But I had to resign a second time before they could understand it. They are, however, well-meaning people and very earnest in the pursuit of the ideal, and I am grateful for the opportunity for study which they offered in this institute. But—l wonder if now, in the light of recent history, they have discovered that much-want-ed substitute for war? Or —that there may be sinner nations? Or —if they are ready now for the alternative of non-resistance, as in Armenia? Or —if they have discovered the American principle of co-operation and neighborly solidarity, as an adequate social method in place of socialism?

cannot kill without first arresting. Why? In the case at hand, note what would have followed an attempt to arrest. The citizen, acting within the law, might have drawn a weapon (assuming his right to carry one) and inform the two men that they were under arrest. There, tlten, is a notification to them thpt he is about to enforce his right. This notification draws forth an explanation—one man says, we’ll say: “I am a secret service officer. I am engaged in the performance of my duty.” On both sides then there is an understanding of the situation. The citizen still may enforce arrest, if he can, for the two men have conspired, and he has overheard theff conspiracy. Attempt to enforce arrest, would, In the case at hand, lead to the exhibition by (he secret service man, of -his credentials. Result, no hasty murder —no breaking of the law. Instead of that, our man, without affording the two men a trial, prejudged their case In his own mind, tried and convicted them, and then executed them on the spot. It cannot be done. Be on the Watch. What is the object of presenting here, this peculiar situation? Are American citizens to be discouraged In the exercise of their patriotic zeal? Is a man to think twice before killing a German engaged in the performance of a traitorous or seditious act? Yes — because the man may turn out not to be a German, gnd not to be engaged in the performance of such an act. He is entitled to be heard in his defense. The national government, in this crisis, needs the civilian’s intelligent aid, not his unreasoning, erratic, impulsive, eft-times' dangerous blundering. The government department can cope with any situation —if you will put them wise to anything suspicious that you see or hear. One fortunate phase of the matter is that German citizens loyal to America are at work all over this country engaged in trapping and running down disloyal Germans or enemy aliens. The disloyal German cannot trust his loyal German neighbor. German spy activity has been well checked. Once a man comes under suspicion, the expert sleuths of the country can handle him. It Is up to us, the average. American citizens, to sharpen our wits, to act, not with blind and dangerous and blundering zeal—but with care and caution. Do not do anything that will spring a trap too soon—do not spoil the stratagems of perfectly competen* sleuths. Your friends and acquaintances may laud you as a hero—yet you may have set at naught weeks and months of careful secret service plans. Watch-2-report—go back and 'watch again.

Origins of Military Titles.

Commodore and commander are forms borrowed and corrupted from the Spanish comendador, a knight, a commander, or the superior of a monastery. The French have the word commandeur, the Italian comandatore. Commandant, however, meaning the officer of a fortified town’s garrison, etc., comes from the medieval Latin commands tor, a commander, and eda mandate, to command.

1 ; r ■ THE EVENING REPUBLICAN, RENSSELAER, IND.

PROVED TRUTH OF OLD ADAGE

—————— That “a Little Learning Is a Danger, out Thing** Seems Shown by . This Anecdote. A certain lawyer of a bygone generation, Mass Jonea by name, had a case ■before a justice of the peace out In the country, says Case and Comment. He was for the defendant, while a wiseacre of a schoolmaster who had picked up a fRw Latin words, appeared for the plaintiff. The facts were all in the schoolmaster’s favor, and in summing up he would exclaim with great gusto as he made his points, “and that is the summum bonum of the matter, and the case must go to the plaintiff.” Mass had really no defense, but his ready wit and keen sense of the rldlcu; lous supplied him with one. So when he came to reply he said to the justice, “I have a great regard for that old law of summum bpnum, on which the gentleman wholly relies, for its antiquity. It was an old English law, and served well its day and genera tion. But the people finally outgrew it and became dissatisfied with it; and it was one of the laws England tried to force upon the colonies. “BUt,” said Mass, raising his voice and arm on high, “our forefathers fought and spilt their blood in the Revolution to* overthrow that law, and they did overthrow it, and then they reared in its stead the Idw. of e pluribus unum, which must govern this case.” 4

Thereupon the justice said, “I have a great,deal of respect myself for that old English law, summum bonum. It was good enough for that time, and good enough for the English, but I agree with Mr. Jones that our forefathers tumbled that law over in the Revolution, and this case will be decided in favor of the defendant under the law of e pluribus unum, which was put in its place.”

KING ARTHUR’S ROUND TABLE

Legend of Sir Galahad and the “Holy Graal” as Recorded by I ■ English Writer.

Sir Galahad of Tennyson’s “The Holy Graal,” was the noblest and purest knight of the Round Table. The title was invented by Walter Map In the “Quest of the Graal.” Morley, in his “English Writers',” says Sir Galahad was the son of Map’s L’Ancelot and Elaine. The son and namesake of Joseph of Arimathea, Bishop Joseph, to whom the holy dish was bequeathed, first instituted the Order of the Round Table. The initiated at their festivals sat as apostle knights round the table, with the Holy Graal in the midst, .leaving one seat vacant as that which the Lord had occupied and which was reserved for a descendant of Joseph, named Galahad. Whatever man else attempted to sit in the place of Galahad the earth swallowed. It was called therefore the Siege (seat) Perilous. When men became sinful, the Holy Graal, visible only to pure .eyes, disappeared. On its recovery depended the honor and peace of England, but only Sir Galahad, who was at the appointed time brought to the knights by a mysterious old man clothed in white, and placed in the Siege Perilous —only the pure Sir Galahad succeeded in the quest.

Gulls as Human Food.

“The flesh of gulls,” says one of the best-known cyclopedias, “is rank and coarse/’ So it is. You have only to shoot a .gull and cook it to find this is the case, and that as a dinner dish it is a complete failure. Yet in Iceland gull flesh Is one of the principal winter foods of the people. There, in early summer, when the cliffs swarm with nesting gulls, parties are organized and men are let down over the lofty precipices by ropes. They catch young gulls, which are as fat as butter, and send them up to the top in sacks. The moment they reach the top the birds are skinned. A great caldron of boiling water is ready and into this the bodies are dipped and held for a few seconds. This completely does away with the fishy taste, and the birds are then taken home and hung in smoke until they are thoroughly dried. When winter comes they are cooked and eaten, and are as delicate as any chicken or game bird, but far more fat "and nourishing.

Air Gliders.

No one knows how long ago ambitious navigators learned to hitch their frail barks to the breeze to carry their cargoes, but it is certain that in the very ages the pines and other tall trees learned to take advantage of the wind In like manner, as a means of spreading their seeds, writes Herbert W. Faulkner in his book, “Mysteries of the Flowers.” So each seed was built like a biplane or air glider. We have seen them floating down from maple trees and twirling as they slowly fell. The lightest breeze can carry them a long way ere they reach the ground. We find similar seed sowing practiced by the elm, ash, birch, hornbeam, linden and catalpa. ’

Just Signifying Happiness.

Seward Is a favorite In the neighborhood. One afternoon he was wending his way homeward and dinnerward, accompanying himself with the most heartrending * howls and mournful noises. -' i . A young neighbor, thinking somejphftW dreadful had happened to him, called out: ‘.‘Why, what’s the matter, Sewn rd ?** . He called back: “Oh. nothing! Tw Just happy!”

By RUSSELL T. EDWARDS.

Director, Educational Section, Nation, al War Garden Commission. F TEN million war garden1 ers will set their minds ti resolutely to refusing to listen to German propaganda or vicious knocks against our government —the most powerful arm of the German war machine will be paralyzed. That looks like a big order but it is not when you come to analyze it. The pity is that women will repeat so much of the senseless rumor that is going the rounds. If the women of this country will inoculate the peddler of German propaganda with the “serum of silence” they will bring victory very near, for the big battle of this war is for public opinion right here on this side of the ocean. Turn from the knocker and the propagandist in silence, turn as you would from the £nake in the grass or the snapping dog. But turn in silence f®r then the enemy will know you mean business.

The potato bug is a great success until you separate it from the leaf; the electric light bulb is a great success until you turn off the current; > the prairie fire Is a great success until- it hits the back fired strip and has nothing to feed upon. So with German propaganda, it is a great success as long as you listen to it. Why cannot this supposed wonder of women keeping silent be brought about? Twenty years ago the Wright Brothers were considered insane; today I can see from my office the Airplane mall start, for Philadelphia, New York and Boston and the world’s greatest war hinges upon the airplane.. Twenty years ago Mr. Marconi was unknown ; today the business of the world’s war is conducted by wireless. Some German Propaganda. ‘ German propaganda Is constantly shooting at the war gardeners and all questions pertaining to fo&d. There is the old story about the potato pens and how you can get three or four bushels by simply planting as many potatoes in a three story boxlike arrangement. The leading potato experts of the world denounce this. It is but a sample of German propaganda which hopes.to cause a big wastage in potatoes. Then there is the other yarn that the food administration will seize all the canned stuff of the housewife and all her hard work will-go for naught. This Is a lie but,the national war garden commission used to get-a hundred,, letters a week asking about this. Constant publicity, thanks to the •magazines and the newspapers, has nailed this story. There is the one about the soldier telling his parents he had two legs cut off in a battle at the front. Mrs. Blank hears it from Mrs. Blank up the street. Johnny had got the word to them by writing It under a stamp. In the first place there are no stamps on soldiers’ letters. The campaign of letter-writing to newspapers is a favorite form of German propaganda, but the editors do' not “fall” for this and the “patriots” might better save their stamps and stop cluttering up the malls. The war gardeners of the United States have certainly shown they mean business. The war gardens are the finest offsets to German propaganda I know of. for the garden makes no noise, but goes right on about Its business. It is this point I want to bring home—the terrible power of silence if applied to German propaganda. This war is a battle of publicity. The junker has prepared the German mind for this war for forty years and only as long as he enn control the German state of mind can he continue this war. When the German helmet and then the German skull is penetrated with the X-ray of civilization, kept alive by the white hot flame from

Try Lamb's Wool.

One of the unpleasant aftermaths of swimming is the uncomfortable and oftentimes dangerous presence of water in the ears. To prevent this, this simple precaution may be used: Rub a little cocoa butter on a piece of lamb’s wool and put in each ear. The lamb’s wool. is not absorbent, keeps out all water, and yet at the same time is so constructed that one can hear plainly through it. Never use cotton, as that holds the .wafer and Is worse than nothing.—Good Housekeeping.

"THE SERUM of SILENCE"

A message to the women of the United States from a man who asks them just , s.—to keep still when theu hear German Js/BUBF propaganda —- —*

Above, Russell T. Edwards, director of educational section of National War Garden Commission. Below, Mias Florence King of Chicago, president of Women’s Association of Commerce of the United States. At right, Mrs. Katherine Clemmons Gould, secretary Women’s Association of Commerce. It was at a meeting of this association that the campaign to spread “The Serum of Silence” was started.

the torch on the statue of liberty, then victory comes and not until then. Woman's Part In War. The greatest factor in overcoming the German state of mind is woman, who for the first time in a war has a recognized place outside of hospital work. The Women’s Association of Commerce of the United States of America has taken the initiative In stopping German propaganda by refusing to‘listen to it. The members of this organisation, of which Florence King, the Chicago attorney, is the president, and Mrs. Howard Gould, secretary, have started an endless chain looking to this end. Our quarrel is directly with the German people, make no mistake About that, for we are fighting a system that must be abolished. Therefore this war is not a question of men primarily. It is not a question of food primarily. It is not a question of ships primarily. It is the question of . a state of mind. That, state of mind must be burned clean vvlth the caustic of civilization and If you doubt the bigness of that job let me quote the plans Germany has for you. You will find this plan in a book called “Krieg” written by Klaus Wagner. The whole story is told in this paragraph: Not only North America, but the whole of America must become a bulwark of Germanic Kultur, perhaps the strongest fortress of the Germanic race. That is every one’s hope who has freed himself from his own local European pride and who places the race feeling above the love for home. I call your attention to that last line: “he who places the race feeling above his love for home.” What is your answer to Doctor Wagner’s prescription. The answer is best made b.V Dr. John Mcßae, a physician killed at the front, who never wrote a line of verse until he saw the slaughter in Flanders-"and then penned these wonderful lines: • In Flanders Fields the poppies blow Between the Crosses, row on row. That mark our place: and In the sky The larks still bravely, singing, fly Scarce heard amid the guns below. We are the Dead. Short days ago We lived, felt dawn, saw sunset glow. Loved and were loved, and now we lie . In Flanders Fields. Take up our quarrel with the foe: To you from falling hands we throw The torch; be yours to hold it high. If ye break faith with us who die We shall not sleep, though poppies grow In Flanders Fields. There Is the answer and If you do

Traveled In Father’s Cab.

When Reuben W. Milton of Joplin, Mo., decided to enlist in the marines he was driven to Kansas City by his father. He did not go by auto or carriage, but in the cab of the engine that his father has driven for years over the Missouri Pacific. Reuben had received’ hts transportation from Uncle Ram over the Frisco line, hut at the request of the elder Milton it was changed. “I want to carry my boy on the first tap of his Journey to Berlin,” said the father.

not make like answer you may as well turn out the light on the statue of liberty for you will find a Berlin date line on your tax receipt. How to meet it? The way to meet Doctor Wagner’s plan is by the united co-operation of the brain power of this country. < State of Mind Needed. That job needs the state of mind of the. French women. When a French woman drops a plate and breaks It, or she is informed her husband has been killed in the trenches, she has the same answer—’c’est La Guerre’ —it' is the war. To perform this job takes just that state of mind. I have seen this state of mind displayed by the war gardeners who have made up their mind that General Pershing’s call “Keep the Food Coming” sljall be answered. Theirs has beeA one of the most remarkable tributes to the call of patriotism the world has ever seen. We are told there will be three million men under arms shortly. With the dally average cost of fifty cents to feed a soldier that means Uncle'Sago’s food bill will be one and a.half million dollars every day. Where is that food coming from? It means the people of this country will have to get into a state of mind on the food question. Some of them are as the national war garden commission well knows; for example let me read one of th® thousands of letters the commission receives every day: My Dear Sir: I want to help win the war by having a war garden.* I saw your notice about getting a free book. My father Joined the army In 1916 and was killed In 1917. Will you help me by sending the book? , HARVET CAMERON. New Glasgow, Nova Scotia.

Will you look this job In the face as that boy, who has lost his father, looks at It? Or must you wait until the steel helmets of the kaiser’s Junkers smash tn the windows of your homes and the arm of worse than murder stands your men against a wall and herds you off to worse than decth? Remember ‘‘this is every one’s hope who has freed himself from his own local European pride nnd who place* the race feeling above the love for home.” Remember that prescription. Are you ready to take Doctor Wagner’s medicine? Do the women of the United States want to swallow any potion prepared by anybody who attempts to rule the world In partnership with his royal highness the Sultan of Turkey? Talk Should Be Conserved. We are fighting a cankerous growth that threatens to consume the world. German poison is now running wild In this country. Talk is not cheap. It has gone up like everything else and you. should conserve ft like coal or flour. There are Just two antidotes for German poison. One Is a bullet with the trade mark U. S. A. in the lower left hand corner as ft whistles "Yankee Doodle" in Its scream across No Man’s land. The boys you have sent to the front will administer that dose, have no fear about that, as long as yon feed them. The other antidote Is the serum of silence and It Is just as important in the winning of the war on this side of the ocean. Without It the work of the soldier will go for naught for if the German brain cannot be reached the dragon will rise again. Tn the name of humanity do not let. the soldier’s sacrifice be in vain. To you the torch Is thrown from Flanders Fields. Re vours to hold it high and WIN THE NEXT WAR NOW.

Wily Colonel Moss.

Col. James A. Moss, the author of Moss’ m&iiual and several other best sellers, gtets credit for one in section 4. article 41». He says: “When two soldiers get Into a row a good plan is to set them at work scrubbing the barracks windows, one on the outside and one on the Inside.. making them clean the same pane at the same time. They are thus constantly looking into each other’s face and before the second window Is cleaned they win probably be laughing at each other*