Evening Republican, Volume 21, Number 29, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 12 February 1918 — Page 2

A Bird in the Hand

(Special Information Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture.) FEEDING TO MAKE SMALL FLOCKS LAY.

This Hard-Working Backyard Poultry Plant Has Its Poultry Houses—in the Rear—Elevated to Avoid Rats, a Sunshade at the Left, and Individual Coops for Hens With Chicks at the Right.

KITCHEN SCRAPS GOOD FOR FOWLS

Waste Material Will Go Long Way With Poultry Flock. HELP REDUCE GRAIN NEEDED Good Plan to Produce Eggs Is by Feeding Garbage, Some Grain to Be Scratched For, Dry Mash, Grit and Clean Water. You can maintain a backyard flock on kitchen waste alone —not in these days of patriotic conservation —but you cap make waste material go a long way in the hen yard. With egg prices at high tide, it will not pay to skimp in feeding the layers, but using all the kitchen garbage and left-overs available will help reduce the amount of grain heeded. Scraps of meat, or left-over vegetables which cannot be utilized in any other way, make excellent chicken feed. There are also many other waste products, such as beet tops, turnip tops, carrot tops, potato peelings, onion peelings, watermelon rinds, the outside leaves of cabbage, waste lettuce leaves, bread and cake crumbs and so on, all of which are relished by the hens. In saving the scraps from the waste it is well to separate the portions adapted to “feed! ng and place them in a receptacle or pail by themselves. Decomposed waste material or moldy bread or 1 cake should never be saved to feed to the hens, as it is harmful to them. Slop material such as dishwater should not be thrown in with the other waste for the flock. It is also useless to feed such things as banana peel or the skins of oranges, as these have little or no food value. Any sour milk which is not utilized in the house should be fed separately, however, either by allowing the hens to drink it or by allowing it to clabber on the back of the stove and then feeding it in that condition. , Use the Meat Grinder. Table scraps and kitchen waste are best prepared for feeding by running them through an ordinary meat grind-

EGGS FIVE CENTS APIECE—TIME TO START HENNERY

Eggs at 60 to 70 cents a dozen I More than that in some places I Isn’t it about time for you, Mr. Town Man, to “do something” about the egg supply? Be a producer. Put that backyard to work—six or eight hens should furnish eggs enough, when used economically, or five persons. Table waste helps to pay the feed bilk With eggs at present prices you scarcely can lose. Don’t take a flier In hens. Get reliable advice and then gp ahead. “Backyard Poultry Keeping,” Farmers’ Bulletin 889, recently published by the United States department of agriculture, points out safe paths with poultry. Send for it.

er. After the material has been put through the grinder it is usually a rather moist mass, and it is well to mix with it some cornmeal, bran or other ground grain until the whole esmhes a crumbly condition. The bestmethod is to feed the table scraps at noon dr night, or at both times, as may be desired. In a trough or on a board. AU should be fed that the hens will eat clean. With the table scraps ft is well to feed some grain. Perhaps this may best be given as a light feed in the

morning. Four or five handfuls of grain—about one-half pint—scattered in the litter will be sufficient for a flock of 20 to 25 hens. By handful is meant as much as can be grasped in the hand, not what can be scooped up in the open hand. By scattering It in the litter the hens will be compelled to scratch in order to find the grain, and In this way they get exercise which is decidedly beneficial to them. If the house Is too small to feed in, the grain can be scattered on the ground outside. A good grain mixture for this purpose is composed of equal parts by weight of feeding wheat, cracjced corn and oats. Another suitable grain mixture would be two parts by weight of cracked corn and one part oats. Have Dry Mash Accessible. In addition to the grain and the table scraps, it is well to feed a dry mash. This dry mash is composed of various ground grains and is placed in a mash hopper or box from which

LET NEIGHBORS SAVE ALL WASTE FOR YOUR FLOCK

Maybe your neighbors who do not keep chickens would save the -waste from their kitchens, if you asked them, for your hens. Scraps from the table make excellent feed and they enable a saving in the grain bill. Many people, doubtless, would be glad to save the useful material if-a smal| pail is furnished.

the hens can help themselves. The advantage of feeding such a mash is that the hens always have access to feed and this tends to make up for any faulty or inexperienced feeding. Hens do not like dry mash so well that they are likely to overeat. A good dry mash may be made of equal parts by weight of cornmeal, wheat bran, bran middlings and beef scrap. Fish scrap when available may replace the beef scrap or cottonseed meal 'may be made to replace one-half of the beef scrap in the mash. The hens should have access at all times to a supply of grit or stones of a size small enough to be swallowed readily. Grit is used by the hens to help in grinding in their gizzards the hard grains which they eat. A supply of ordinary gravel will answer the purpose of grit very well, Crushed oyster or clam shells also should be given to the hens and be kept before them at all times. If this is withheld the hens are likely to lack sufficient shell-forming material in their feed, and soft-shelled or thin-shelled eggs may result. Grit or shell can be purchased in small quantities at any feed or supply store. A plentiful supply of clean, fresh water must always be available for the hens. They drink freely, especially when laying heavily, and should not be stinted in this necessity. Keep the water p’an, or dish, clean. If the water pan Is raised a foot above the floor the hens will not kick it full of straw and other litter when scratching for their feed.

To “Break" Broody Hen.

When hens become broody and It is not desired to allow them to hatch chickens, they should be “broken up as quickly as possible. The sooner this is done the sooner they will, .resume laying. To break a hen of hroodlness she should be confined to a small coop, preferably with a slat bottom. Give her plenty of water to drink; sheW beefed or not, as desired. Not much difference will be found in the time required to break her l of broodiness whether she is fed or made to fast. Usually three to six days of confinement will do the work, but some hens require ten to twelve days. The broody hen will be recognized by her inclination to stay on the nest at night, the ruffling of her feathers and her durtre to pick anyone who ap- I proaches her, and by the clucking noise she makes. When these simptoms disappear, she has been “broken up." ' \

THE EVENING REPUBLICAN, RENSSELAER, IND.

The Poisoned Dove

By Richard Washbum Child

I came back from China and Japan a few months ago. A reporter on the pier in San Francisco said, “What do they think in the far East about when the war will end?” That was the first expression about the war heard by an American returning to his native country and aching to know what Americans at home had been thinking, planning, doing, how we were expressing our manhood and womanhood, whether we would soon find a way to .mobilize America and throw the giant force of her against the menace of men. I heard this query with a sickened spirit. The reporter would never have asked the question unless in behalf of the readers of his paper. Could this represent the spirit of the people—the spirit of America? I had heard the same question in England back in the days when the Zeppelins had just begun to come over London with the slogan “Women and children first.”

“Over there,” however, they learned long ago of the folly of living daily life with the sound of this question in their ears. They have learned that insidiously, quietly, imperceptibly, the persistent tap, tap, tap of thlsjlttle question weakens the cause, turns the edge of determination, enters the subconscious mind like a slow disease draining off fighting spirit, manhood, and the dash and power of the one purpose, and beats upon that which should be the unbreakable will of people who must win. More Dangerous Here. For America, this question haunting the minds of its citizens is more dangerous than it was “over there.” Our soft prosperity, our distance from the struggle, tempts weak men to cling to the comforts of peace. . We have not felt the gaff of war. Not yet have we learned the pain of that full deep thrust of regret that when democracy called for us, we, the pioneers of liberty, asked why and how and when — but, at first, did not come. We have not learned even the prelude of that day when the war will have seized upon and wrung our hearts, when the ghosts of our men come back to sit in the farmhouse kitchen or in the leather chairs of the club, to click the latches of village gates, and march in Invisible brigades up the asphalted avenues. So the flabby men and women among us still go on asking in that voice of childish eagerness, “How long will the war last?”

And the selfish retailer, trader, or financier, fat with gain and ease or lean with avarice, thinking of the effect of peace upon the market, asks, “What would be your guess about the end of the war?’’ And even the thoughtless and the Ignorant and empty-headed, who would otherwise say, “Is this hot enough for you?” or “Do you think it’s going to snow?” say now, “Well, when will the war end?” The Two Types. Test the spirit of these questions by the two types —those who ask them and those who do not. Which is the type of person whom you would trust for character, courage, and sense, for unflinching determination when something has been begun, to “see it through?” I remember leaving Kitchener’s office in London to visit the recruiting at Scotland Yard. Six feet four Inches and 250 pounds of retired British army veteran, hardened, reddened, grizzled, was my escort. That was in 1915. “There’s too much wondering when the war will end,” said he. “My three boys have gone.” “To France?” said I, misunderstanding. “To rest,” he said, straightening. “Killed in action. Perhaps ’tis that which makes me squirm when .1 hear any Britisher guessing about the end of the war. My good sense would tell me anyway. If you see two men fighting, would you put a bet on him who was wondering when it would be over?” “No.”

“Nor L When they ask me when the war will end, I say, ‘Something like a year or two after the Prussians think it time to stop.’ ” , For a contest between two men, two football teams, two nations, or two great alliances struggling in the greatest war of all, over the greatest issue of all, there can be no other doctrine. When John Paul Jones’ antagonists asked him if he was ready to stop fighting and he answered that he had not begun to fight, It was not John Paul Jones but his enemy who was wondering “when it would be over.” No man, no woman who contributes even by innocent, thoughtless mouthing to a mental attitude expressed in wondering when the war will be over is.fulfilling the obligation of Americans to go straight and hard and together for the one united, persistent purpose to which the United States has dedicated our strength. A job is to be done. A job is to be finished. Dangling Peace a* Bait. Germany will be glad at any moment to divert us from the idea that the job is to be finished, when in our judgment it Is finished, and attract us as much as’ possible to the idea that our job will be finished some place short of that by dangling peace as bait for cowards and fools. \ - Here in Washington this policy of

Germany Is understood. It is iht primer lesson in an analysis of Germany’s policies. The state department knows well enough that Germany has tried unsuccessfully endless moves to makfe peace a decoy—to create a morbid appetite among the peoples who have been trying to make democracy safe —an appetite for rest, for an end of deprivation, loss, suffering, for relief from stress, for a temporary comfort bought at the price of principle—the principle of finishing the job. The secret service of the allied countries know well enough that millions of German money has been spent to make Americans talk and think not of the job to be finished but of peace. Some day there will be exposed, in all its extent, the systematic, elaborate methods which Germany has used in an endeavor to poison the opinion of neutral countries and plant among the weaker and more gullible citizens of those countries fighting to rid the world forever of war and the tyranny of militarism the weed of premature peace. It Las been Germany’s purpose to choke the crop of courage and steal the nourishment away from determination.

Trail Is Found Everywhere. The trail of this well-organized attempt can be found everywhere. In Russia, back in the days of the czar, industrial leaders of Petrograd and Moscow who came in contact with workmen, bureaucrats In the offices of government, and officers at the stAff headquarters of the Russian army ftt Mohileff, who came in contact with soldiers recruited, from various parts of the empire, told me that one of the well-defined purposes and special efforts of German agents was to stimulate among the industrial and laboring classes in Russia thoughts of peace, of the comforts, the relief, and the hope of peace, all of which would serve to eat like a rot into the hearts of the people, tolling them away from the will to fight and the will to make a final peace upon sound principle only, and only when the job had been finished. “Men will not fight hard when there is peace talk behind the trenches,” General Alexieff said. And he expressed also almost the identical idea expressed to me by the retired British petty officer who took me to Scotland Yard, when the latter said, “li you see two men fighting, would you bet on the one who was wondering when it would be over?” Should Learn From Experience. The experience of other countries and our own experience with the desire of Germany that her enemies shall thiqk, talk, and wonder about the coming of peace, ought to be enough for us. .

Any contribution made by any American citizen to aid this purpose of Germany is an act which compares with a soldier at the front w’ho turns his face to the rear. Such a contribution may be actually traitorous. There are still constant instances of treason among those persons who stimulate peace talk with full knowledge that they are adding and abetting the enemy. Such a contribution may be morally rotten. There are those who talk peace because peace to their warped souls is dearer than the end for which we have entered the war.

Such a contribution may come from flabby sentimentality. There are still men and women who can only think of the horrors of this war instead of the greater horrors of other wars which are sure to come if we do not now make the menace of Prussian plotting and militarism impossible for the ages and generations of the future. Such a may be the result of a love of the sensational. There are still individuals and even newspapers who seek to attract attention by pretending that they have advance information of the coming of peace. Such a contribution may be ignorant. 1 There are still individuals so benighted that the cause of America is not clear and real in their minds. They fail to understand that America has entered this war to make democracy safe; to guarantee small nations the right of freedom from ruthless conquest; to crush the doctrine that the choice of development of each human being must be wrested away from him or from her and put -in a dominant and autocratic machine of govermpent. Failing to understand the nobility of our purpose, they endure the war passively and prick up their ears at any word of rumor which concerns the end of the war.

Such a contribution may b« merely sloppy. There are those who forget, who do not think, who lapse into lazy nothingness, and as yet far away from the bite of war, ask each other, “Well, when will the war end?” Comforters ot, Enemy. Consciously and unconsciously these are all comforters of the enemy. Upon them and upon their traitorous or lax attitude of mind, Germany depends. She leans upon all “peace gossipers.” Germany has no need to fear a nation interested in peace and always talking and wondering about peace. She may well fear.when every last man and woman of us has no Interest higher, more constant, and more single of purpose than that of finishing the job. l ‘ While she believes she can hoodwink Americans, she will release over andt over again, by petty secret agencies; and by great diplomatic plays for the galleries, her peace poisons. Only when the job is finished, however, can we be Interested in peace or peace talk. The dove of peace that anyone see* flying before that time is Germanstuffed and loadedwlth Prussian poison. - - -V

JUTLAND

JUTLAND, the low-lying, sandy peninsula whose name historians probably will employ to designate the great naval battle fought off its shores by the British and Germans, is the continental portion of Denmark and comprises nearly twothirds the area of the kingdom (exclusive of colonial possessions), but with considerably less than half the total population. It compares with Vermont In size, but has a density of population three times as great, says a bulletin of the National Geographic society. Its most striking physical characteristics are the fjords which cut into the sandy seaboard, particularly on the west coast. Of these the largest, Limfjord, is today a misnomer for since 1822 It has been a sound, joining the waters of the North sea with the Kattegat and making an island of the extreme northern portion of the peninsula which terminates in a cape called the Skaw. Owing to the character of the soil on both banks, the rapidity of the current and the violent impact of the floating Ice In the spring, only a pontoon bridge spanned this sound at Aalborg until recently. The highest point of land in Jutland, which is also the highest in the kingdom, is a 564-foot “eminence” in a line of low hills near the center of the peninsula. Ancient Home of the Clmbrl. Jutland was the ancient home of the warlike Clmbrl, a tribe which for 12 years kept Rome in a state of panic, and which was the first Germanic host to make its way across the barrier of the Alps into northern Italy, anticipating the descent of the Visigoths by five centuries. The Clmbrl came within the purview of recorded history in 113 B. C., when, after having been driven from their northern home, supposedly by North sea Inundations, and having made their way southward through the German forests, they inflicted a signal defeat upon a Roman army under- Consul Papirius Carbo at Norela. Instead of following up their success into Italy, the victors pushed westward into the Rhine valley. Four years later, however, they practically

annihilated the Romans under Marius Junius Silanus on the field Arausio, where 80,000 troops were slain. This terrible reverse sent a tremor of terror through the lawmakers on the Capitoline hill, and the. constitution was set aside in order that Marius, fresh from his triumphs on African battlefields, might be invested with consular powers for five years. He was deemed the man of the hour and the only general who could turn back the tide of barbarians that had debouched from Clmbri Chersonese, the name given to Jutland. While this tribe poured over the Alps, driving the forces of Catullus before it across flie Adige and the Po, Marius administered a crushing defeat at Aquae Sextiae in Gaul to the Cimbris’ companions in arms, the Teutones' The consul then rushed back across tne Alps and at Campl Raudll, near Vercelll, where a c°ntury earlier Hannibal had won his first victory on Italian soil, the invaders were utterly annihilated, all the men being killed or captured while the women slew themselves and their children in preference to being borne to Rome in slavery. Its Agricultural Regeneration. Jutland’s agricultural poverty dates from the beginning of the sixteenth century. which time the peninsula

In a Jutland Village.

had been almost completely denuded of Its forests. It was not until 1866, two years after Denmark had been forced' to relinquish Schleswig-Holstein to Prussia and Austria, that the Danish people began an appraisal of the latent agricultural possibilities of their remaining domain to see if by cultivation they could compensate for their territorial losses. Col. E. Dalgas, an engineer officer of the Danish army, was the leading spirit in the < rganizatlon of the Danish Heath society, which began to plant trees throughout the peninsula, a movement which is still going forward and which has proved to be the salvation of the laqd. Mountain firs were first planted and these were succeeded by red spruce from America. These trees serve as a living barrier against the fierce sanddriving gales from the North sea. The Interior of the peninsula Is fast losing its barren aspect, more than 2,500 square miles of heath having been redeemed by afforestation. Oats, barley, beetroots and rye are now grown profitably, cattle and find good pasturage, and the forests teem with deer and wood pigeons. Typical of the growth of towns in this rejuvenated area is Hernlng, a settlement of 40 souls in 1866 and . now a thriving community with a population of 5,000. Jutland has a familiar ring in the ear of every schoolboy for he remembers that the Angles 4 and the Jutes were among the first Germanic peoples to emigrate from the shores of the Baltic and settle in Britain.

FEZ, A STRONGHOLD OF ISLAM

Capital of Morocco la Regarded as a Fair Specimen of What the Culture Produces. Fez is the capital of Morocco. It Is an odd mixture of progress and medievalism, or tolerance and fanataclsm, of learning and superstition. These generalizations are the typical reaction of the occidental visitor to the life and manners of Fez. As a matter of fact, writes Niksah, Fez Is no city of

A Cattle Fair In Jutland.

contradictions, but quite consistent in view of the fact that the culture of the Orient and Occident have proceeded along somewhat different lines. Fea is a stronghold of Islam and a fair specimen of what the culture produces. There is much poverty, much oppression, much disease; there is also much charity, a justice that is sometimes disconcertingly swift and an atmosphere that can only be described as one of resigned cheerfulness. Commerce is conducted on a ludicrously diminutive scale, but the total of a month’s trad ing in a six by ten emporium often mounts into staggering figures. Slaves are still to be had by those who know where to buy, and religious feeling runs so high that several Europeans have been killed for polluting the sacred atmosphere of mosques with their presence. . Popular ignorance often reaches to the point where the individual in question is not cognizant of the existence of the American continent, and in the library of Fez are numerous absolutely, priceless treasures in’ the shape of ancient tomes of learning. Certain books of Euclid, never seen by European eyes, are said to be guarded here. A garage sign in Yokohama say® “Cars for Rent” in seven languages.