Evening Republican, Volume 21, Number 11, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 22 January 1918 — Page 3

TO CURB “U” BOATS

*Sea Jitneys” Suggested for Attack on German Bases. Canadian Naval Airplane Fighter, ' Home to Recover From Shrapnel Wounds Expresses an Opinion. - * ; Theorizing about war conditions has grown quite as tiresome, no doubt, to the people who read newspapers as it has to most of the people who write jfor them. Yet, now and then, you meet a man who' theorizes from the iacts.of experience and knowledge and who poihts something out that gives cfood for thought Such a case, it seemed to several of us, when a quiet kittle chap, son of a Canadian millionaire, told us his view of the war in Its present stage, a New York. correspondent of the Cincinnati Times-Star writes. His brother was killed at the Marne and he himself is home to recover from shrapnel wounds received when he was flying a naval airplane some thousands of feet above a town on the Belgian coast “The outstanding fact, just now,” he said, “is that the German U-boats are doing pretty nearly as much as they were expected to do and that we have no effective defense against them. The Germans are almost justified in believing that they are on the way toward starving England into submission. If we don’t find a new and successful way to combat the U-boatS the (situation in England will soon be very critical. Of course, I fancy a way will be found. But It must be something entirely new in warfare. For my part, Il am convinced that success can be (obtained only by the apparently desE erate undertaking of assaults by sea pon the U-boat bases. I say ‘apparntly desperate.’ By any known or tried method such assaults would be (simply useless and suicidal. “The German harbors are mined, t (netted from end to end and fortified (with tremendous shore batteries of heavy and aircraft guns. How can the (bases be attacked? Well, of course, tthat will be settled by some one else (than I, but I have heard a theoretical (plan of attack proposed by one of our naval men which made a great impresision on me. He said we must build thousands of small submarines —something like the ‘sea jitneys’ which manufacturers have talked about—and go Into the German harbors with swarms of them, at the risk of losing ninetynine out of every hundred boats and crews. Barrage fire and bombing have been the new and successful things in land fighting., “This officer’s proposal is for something like an undersea duplication of this plan of attack. Most of the little boats would be lost, no doubt, but most of them would succeed in doing material damage with one or two torpedoes. Nets would be blown away, mines exploded, guard and such other disorganization of the harbor detenses accomplished as to give the big {ships a chance to complete the work. (Yes, it’s true that a man would hardly (need to worry about his return trip if he went in on one of these little boats. It would be work for volunteers. But the volunteers would be plentiful enough. That I am sure of. “ “If suefi attacks promised to win fthe fight against the U-boats, men would be willing to go. It would be (enough for them to know that they were striking the sea murderers at (their home, and that some of them might possibly get back.”

German Schooling.

German schooling has proved antagonistic to co-operation, although demanding unity of action through mass obedience. It has failed to foster real co-operation, for co-operation Is a method by which persons of their own volition and by no compulsion inay work together harmoniously, writes Winthrop Talbot in the Century Magazine. Only when training and schooling are the common privilege of all is that state of civic development possible which permits society to become cooperative in its action. In other words, a socialized society becomes more and more possible only as all individual members acquire each the widest vision, and thus the power to co-oper-ate harmoniously.

The Crow.

| I have seen no bird walk the ground with the same air the crow does. It Is not exactly pride; there Is no strut or swagger in. It, though perhaps Just a little condescension; it is the (contented and self-possessed gait of a lord over his domains. All these (acres are mine, he says, and all these crops; men plow and sow for me, and J stay here or go there, and find'life ' sweet and good wherever I am. The hawk looks awkward and out of place on the ground; the game birds hurry and skulk, but the crow is at home and treads the earth as if there'were none to molest or .make him afraii. —John Burroughs.

The Mystery of Love.

Love is the great mystery of life. It may be the growth of years, months or an instant, says the Christian Herald. Man sees a million beautiful faces; he hears a million sweet voices; he meets a million vfomen with flowers (at their breasts and light in their eyes and they do nottouch him. Then he secs the one, and she holds him for life and death. She is no nobler, better or more beautiful than were those he passed by, and yet Ms world Is empty without her. Assuredly there Is far more than fashion in this universal force we call love.

FARM RESERVOIRS. FOR WATERING STOCK

BUILDING COBBLESTONE WALL OF RESERVOIR.

(Prepared by the United States Depart-' «• ment of Agriculture.) Many small reservoirs have been built in the grazing districts of the West to furnish water for range stock and household purposes, the irrigation of land from such supplies being of secondary importance. These are discussed in this article. , la the Great Plains area and more particularly in the eastern portions of Wyopiing and Montana and the western portions of the Dakotas, there is little stream flow during the greater part ‘of the year and the well water often is so impregnated with mineral salts as to be unfit for drinking purposes. On the other hand, the native grasses are abundant and nutritious but the cattle and sheep which graze thereon are not permitted to feed beyond easy reach of the nearest water hole. Thus without the use of reser-

voirs or other means of providing water, the public range can be only partially utilized and too often the big stock companies, in acquiring possession of the land bordering springs and streams, become the sole beneficiaries of the use of such lands. v Water for Stock. Other reservoirs of this class have been built by transportation companies in order to provide water for cattle and sheep en route from the range to the nearest railway station. The dams for reservoirs of this type are of earth built for the most part in the beds of streams. Before the embankment is begun the surface of the ground under the entire base of the dam, as well as the borrow pit, is stripped for a depth of at least six inches so as to get rid of all sod and other light, porous material which would prevent the earth in the dam from settling in a solid and compact

Cross Section of Earth Dam.

manner. After the ground has been so stripped and before the grading is begun, a trench 12f fest wide and not less than 18 inches in depth is dug the entire length of the proposed dam. The edge of this trench from the upstream side is not less than 3 or more than 10 feet Inside the toe of the inner slope. This trench is dug for the purpose of breaking the seam that otherwise might exist between the natural ground and the constructed dam. Standard Dimensions. The dam then Is built in the usual way by placing the material in uniform layers .under the whole base of the dam. Figure 1 shows the standard dimensions used in embankments and the position of the intercepting trench. It will be noted from this sketch that the flow line of the wasteway is five jfeet below the top of the embankment Wherever possible, a natural wasteway was utilized in direct line with the stream channel and the dam located to pne side so as not to be subjected to the direct force of the stream.

To protect the embankment from waves produced by the high winds of the open range; the inner slope may be covered with rock, brush and rock, or other material. A common kind of protection consists of sheet piling formed of inch boards 10 Inches wide and 8 feet long. Each board is driven into the embankment at the edge of he water of a full reservoir to a depth f 8 feet and then nailed to 2 horizontal ties of 1 by 10-lnch boards. These latter are braced to dead men buried in the dam in the manner shown in fig* ure 1. £ Smaller Reservoirs, 7 Small earthen reservoirs or “settling basins” for the watering of stock are common in Imperial Valley, California. These are usually rectangular in form, 20 by 30 feet being a common size and about 4 feet deep. To keep out the stock they are fenced with the exception of a drinking place about 6 feet long, which is cribbed. ' The cribbing consists of two 12-inch planks spaced 6 inches apart with the intervening space filled with sand. Figure 2 illustrates ♦his cheap method of furnishing water for Stock. In recent years a more Costly equipment to provide water for domestic purposes as well as stock has been Introduced *in the valley. One plant in the valley comprises » reservoir lined with concrete into whith the muddy water from the irrigation, canal is diverted by a supply ditch, a pumping plant, and an elevated metal tank into wMch the settled

THE EVENING REPUBLICAN. RENSSELAER., TNI).

water from the reservoir is pumped. The reservoir is 14 by 18 feet in area, 7 feet deep and has a removable cover in order that the silt may bq cleaned out periodically. The walls are 6 inches thick throughout and the bottom 3 inches thick. The tank has a capacity of 3,750 gallons and this quantity of water serves 100 head of cattle and also provides for all domestic uses for a period of three days., A wdoden derrick supports the taqk at an elevation of 27 feet above the ground and pipes of black iron 1U Inches in diameter distribute the Water contained in the

Settling Basin for Stock Water.

tank to two troughs in the corrals and to two other troughs in the fields. A 3-horsepower gas engine and a 4-inch plunger pump lift the water from the reservoir into the tank. The various items of cost of this plant are as follows : Concrete reservoir, including excavation .....;..........<m Reservoir roof 20 Derrick 103 Tank 75 Engine and pump 240 Piping and extras .. 250 —j Total ... ......4800

FACTORS IMPORTANT IN FIXING PROFITS

Size, Diversity and Productiveness Are Essential to Successful Farm Business. • * The factors most important In determining the profits in farming are size, diversity, and productivity of the business, according to W. E. Grimes, assistant professor of farm management in the Kansas State Agricultural College. “Of these factors, the one which confronts farmers is diversity of business,” said, Mr. Grimes. “Too many farmers derive the greater part of their Income from one enterprise, which if it falls leaves them without resources. “Seasons vary while the requirements of different crops are constant. Seasons which are unfavorable for one crop are often favorable for another. The farmer-who .is following diversified farming methods usually has a good yield of some crop. “Another difficulty of importance to the farmer who grows only one crop is that he has an abundance of work during rush seasons and has little to do at other times. Under present conditions labor is scarce. Often by growing a combination of crops he can distribute his labor throughout the summer season. u “In the wheat growing sections farmers should plant part of their ground to crops for feed and keep sufficient live stock to utilize them. Live* stock furnish work throughout the winter and often enable the farmer to hire a farm hand for the year. “Feed crops usually do not conflict seriously with wheat harvests and distribute farm labor throughout the summer season more uniformly. They will yield a profit when fed to live stock. Roughage which is of little value otherwise may also be fed. Keeping live stock 18*the most economical method of maintaining the fertility of the soil and only practical method for nearly all sections of the state.

Better diversity in business of the average farmer will Increase the profits, establish farming on a safer business basis and enable the farmer to safeguard against the danger of complete failure in any year and aid in overcoming the present scarcity of labor.?

TO TEACH MARKET GARDENING

Many of Agricultural Colleges Are Offering Winter Courses Fine for Young Fanner. Most of the agricultural colleges are offering winter courses in market gardening. The work is practical and helpfuL Hundreds of our yoUng farmers in every state should avail them selves of this opportunity. > » V

HAVE APPETITE FOR PRAISE

Everybody Craves Words of Approyal and Comment—Effect of (he Timsly Kind Attention. It is a human frailty to want praise. ing notice of others. “There is none like to me,” says the cub in the pride of his earliest kill. “But the jungle is ‘large, and the cub he is small; let him think and be stilt” Children brought up in school can generally be told from those who have been trained solitarily, says a writer in the Philadelphia Ledger, for the children thrown much withother'Children are less likely to develop arrogance, selfishness and conceit. They do not find their schoolmates In a frame of mind to put them on a pedestal or crown their brows with laurel. They are not regarded as Httle tin gods on wheels; they are lost to sight in the ghuffle of the classroom and the playground. Nobody defers to their opinions; nobody minds when they stamp the foot and shout angrily. Children of a larger growth often crave an admiration which they do not get. They think to draw an audience by harping on the, theme of self, and they find that the audience for that kind of recital is likely to be limited to the performer. To knock the “I” out of one’s conversation is not necessarily to make it interesting. -Ijlany times a narrative loses greatly in pith and pungency by the Impersonality in which it is couched. A story of adventure greatly gains by the sense of the first-hand participation of the narrator in the incidents he describes. When the first person is introduced for the sake of the edification of the reader, there need be no apology; when it is introduced for the glorification of the speaker, it is odious altogether.

A man must do his work as well as he can, whether, he Is praised for it or not The taste of publicity is likely to be what the taste of blood is to tiger or lion; it whets the desire for more of the same thing. There are some who rarely do a good deed without rushing to neighbor or newspaper to let it be known. To others the “free advertising” is abhorrent ' They are made happy by a glowing consciousness that the thing was done, and that auto-satisfaction of virtue is their reward. But most of us have not reached that lofty pinnacle whereon we can abide serenely independent of whiJt others think or say. We want a kind word now and then to keep us going. We hunger for appreciation, even when we tell purselves we are not worth it Who has not known the lift a letter of encouragement, a sentence of commendation, has brought? The day is brighter for it, and we feel refreshed, renewed. Blessed are they who speak in time thfe heartening, quickening word.

Goats' Milk is Favored.

Everyone who is at all acquainted with the milk goat knows of the value of the milk for infants’ and invalids’ use—one of the first points about the milk goat that presents itself, asserts a writer. The goat is practically free from tuberculosis. According to the annual reports of the bureau of animal industry (U. S.), covering federal inspection of animals slaughtered for food, there were inspected during the eight years, 1907 to 1914, inclusive, 1579,617 goats, of which not a single animal was condemned for tuberculosis. This fact alone should be the strongest argument in favor of the milk of the goat. The cream globules of the milk of the goat are smaller than those of cows’ milk, and because of this milk being condensed the cream globules are contained in a more perfect state of emulsion than the cow’s milk. An argument in favor of sterilized milk is that authorities agree it is actually more easily digested than is the fresh milk, this referring to goats’ and cows’ milk alike.

Field Crops of Canada.

The census and statistics office has issued its preliminary estimate of the total value of the field crops of Canada for the past year, as compared with the finally revised estimates of 1916 and 1915. The estimated values for 1917 represent the prices received by farmers and are calculated from current market quotations. According to this preliminary estimate, the total value of all field crops for 1917 is placed at $1,089,687,000, as compared with $886,494,900 in 1916 and $825,370,600 in 1915. The items making up this total are as follows: Wheat $451,874,000; oats, $236,142,000; hay, clover, and alfalfa, $145,561,600; potatoes, $81,355,000; other grain crops, $134,006,700, and root and fodder crops, $40,974,700. i In the year 1916 the crops were as follows: Wheat, $344,096,400; oats, $210,957,500; hay, clover and alfalfa, $171,613,900; potatoes, $50,982,300; other grain crops, $84,679,800, and other root and fodder crops, $84,165,000.

Kerensky Real Diplomat.

Here is a Kerensky story told by a man lately returned from Petrograd. Kerensky was summoned from his hotel after midnight to the headquarters of the provisional government. A fellow guest at the hotel ’ffie.t Kerensky as he was going out and, learning of the summons Kerensky had received, exclaimed: “Not another revolution, I hope!” . “I don’t know," replied Kerensky, and hurried away. The next day his fellow guest asked Kerensky what had been the trouble which had brought him out so late the previous evening. Kerensky smiled. “I had forgotten to sign a letter," he replied.

POINTED PARAGRAPHS

Just plain ability is a mighty good mascot. Age makes some men cognizant of their lack of wisdom. Every rose has its thorn—and the thorn outlasts the rose. Behavior is a mirror in which everyone shows hjs image. It takes a child to make a wise man feel like an ignorant fool. . j’ Silence sounds aw'fully loud when the boss comes in unexpectedly. Highways of happiness are sometimes cut through with pain and tears. It takes a wise man to write a letter to a woman that doesn't mean anything. When a woman writes a letter she puts in all tiie useless words she can think of. k How a rocky path does enjoy an encounter with a tender foot! —Chicago Daily News. There are men who will pay their debts with promises and then ask for a receipt in full. Don’t expect engraved testimonials to' your loyalty if you go back on your friends to gratify strangers. The sea is the image of the seal; in it storm and calm alternate, and there are monsters and treasures in the* depths.

POPULAR SCIENCE

One and a quarter million women are stated to be engaged in men’s places on the British railways. z • India ink originally came from China, but now it is successfully made in this country of lamp black and glue. An Australian scientist has invented a fluorescent microscope to be used with ultra-vio-let rays, which enables differences in matter noL>perceptible by ordinary light to be recognized. • A Harvard professor of chemistry is making experiment with lachrymogenic gas for use in the trenches. It causes copious weeping that renders accurate ■ marksmanship impossible on the part of the enemy.

SOME POSTSCRIPTS

To enable those unacquainted with any sign language to converse with deaf mutes a Frenchman has invented a device resembling a typewriter which raises letters to spell words as keys ale pressed. Recently compiled official figures show that 753,170,953,000 cubic feet of natural gas were commercially utilized in the United States last year, about 20 per cent more than in the former record year, 1915. Driven by an electric motor, a turntable has been invented for automobiles that is operated without a driver leaving his seat, the motor being controlled by a push button suspended from a long arm. A Texan is the inventor of a combined shower bath and massage machine, brushes being revolved by an electric motor against a person standing within a tall cylinder into which water is sprayed. For handling paralyzed persons an Englishman has invented a bed on which strips of webbing connected to a frame cover the mattress, the frame, webbing and patient being raised together by gearing. By a French invention napthaline has been made available for automobile fuel, pipes conveying hot exhaust gases from a specially designed carbureter which has been primed with gasoline melting the napthaline.— Houston Post.

SAYINGS OF A SAGE

There’s many a slip twixt the crop and the lip. , The grin that sqme men put on looks most like chagrin. r . The war is proving that man can be a hero and still smoke cigarettes. It is pretty hard to believe that Adam would fall for a Ben Davis apple. d/great many people get their ideas ofArt from the genius who whitewashes lemon trees.

IN OTHER CITIES

Washington is trying to abolish “jaywalking.” San Francisco now has women on police court Juries. Windsor Locks, Codbl, is replacing town hall used since 1838

Love of the World and Love of the Father

By REV. JAMES M. GRAY, D.D.

-* Deanqf Moody BbUlmtituM, Chicago

TEXT—Love not the world, neither the things that are in the world. If any man love the world, the love of the father is not in him. For all that is in the world, the lust of the flesh, and the lust of the eyes, and the prlde**of life, is not of, the father, but is of the world. And the world away, and the lust thereof; but he that doeth the will of God abideth forever.—l John 2:15-17. By the word “world” the Inspired writer no doubt means everything

that is opposed to God, everything within the sphere of our existence considered as in the kingdom of sin. We are not to love these things, for to love is to surrender oneself, and the creature who surrenders himself to the word is ruined by it ■ If any man loves the world, the love of the Father is not in

him; in other words, we. cannot love God and love the world at the same time. Of course, there is a Jroper regard for the world which we may have; a regard for the beauty and perfection of God’s wprks, for the achievements of science or the acquisition of wealth, or personal Influence, but it is where the regard for these things Intrenches upon our love for the Author and Giver of them that its wrongfulness and calamity appear. Suppose you were to receive two let* ters 'from different friends, each saying that he would visit you at the same day and hour. And suppose they were so uncongenial to each other that It would be embarrassing aid. injudicious to permit them to*meet, what would you do? To one or the other you must excuse yourself, Which shall it be? Other matters aside, It will be the one you love least.

So there comes a time in the life of each of us when we‘ |hear the Father of our spirits knocking at our door and asking to come in and be our .guest. The god of this world is already in the enjoyment of our hospitality, but now we must decide whom we shall choose. The Word tells us that we are not to love the world because all that is in the world is not of the Father. And now it is explained just what is meant. Three things are named: "the lust of the flqsh, the lust of the eyes and the pride of life.” "Lust” in this case refers to an/ passion or propensity of, the heart for forbidden things, or even for proper things when Indulged in overmuch. The “lust of the flesh” pertains to the gratification of the grosser bodily appetites; the "lust of the eyes,” the covetous desire for the things of others, and the “pride of life” points to arrogance and boasting. Nor are these three great principles of worldly-mindedness named at random, for at least twice before do they appear together in the Bible, first in the temptation of Eve In the garden' of Eden and second in the temptation of Christ tn the wilderness. Read carefully the third chapter of Genesis and the fourth of Matthew for the evidence of this. But not only are these things incompatible with the love of the Father, but they are further argued against On the ground of their fleetness, for “the world passeth away and the lust thereof.” • A mysterious curse wastes down and wears out all man’s workmanship, and it is the same even with the physical creation. Seas and shores are continually changing places, and fountains and rivers are drying up. Many ages pass before the eye in the course of a half-hour’s reading of history, and the duration of an Alexander or a Caesar is but the affair of a few moments. Not only does the world pass away, but the lust thereof. We sicken of the world in time. The evil days come, and the years draw nigh when we say: "I have no pleasure in them.” Daniel Webster, in the sunset hours of his distinguished life, said to his biographer: “I care no more about politics than a jackdaw that sits on top of St. Paul’s,” and then he quoted Cowper’s lirifes:

He sees that this great round-about. The world, with all Its motley rout. Church, army, physic, law. Its customs, and its businesses, Are no concerns at all of his, And says. What says be T—“ Caw!” ■ “Oh, who wishes to seize and hold that as an object of his supreme desire which is doomed and perpetual defeat? Is there not a more excellent way? Is there nothing we can love and lean upon when these things of earth are vanishing like a spectre from our sight? Yea, answers the apostle: “He that doeth the will of God abldeth forever.” These were almost the last words of D. L. Moody, the great evangelist and the great educator of Christian youth. They are inscribed upon Ms tombstone. They are suspended in a golden frame over the mantel in the room made sacred by Ms presence in the Moody Bible Institute of Chicago. Hundreds of young and old pass through that room every year and gaze upon those words, and- gain new inspiration and new direction for their Uvea foe them. God grant it to some of yog. j