Evening Republican, Volume 21, Number 309, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 4 January 1918 — Page 3

Facts About Big Guns of the Navy

turned to an exact fitless several thousandths ojjah ineh, then red*untfb expansion peivmtowitrto' be drawn on. It cools and adds strength not only by its thickness but by the grip of its shrinking. The first or inner tube has helical grooves to give rotation to the shell just as in any sporting rifle. Tremendous firing pressures between 15 and 20 tons per square inch cpmblnfed with acid gases and other products of* explosion cause erosion or ■wearing away and pitting of the grooves. Inner tubes must’ be renewed periodically. The life- of the gun, so-called, is about 150 shots. Since frequent target practices are held few years elapse before guns must be taken ashore and refubed. The total cost of retubihg a 14-inch gun is in * the neighborhood of $25,000. Besides the inner erosion constant shocks of explosion crystallize the whole steel structure. Crystallization of metal may be likened to the drying of cheese. At first the mass is relatively tough and elastic. After the • heavy punishment of protracted firing gun tubes weaken and become brittle. Microscopic examination reveals contraction and disintegration of metal iparticles just as cracks and crumbly sections occur in a cheese. Further

JUST FOR FUN

Taking No Chances.

Starting It All Over Again. She-r-I suppose ts I were to tomorrow you’d marry some other woman immediately? He—Not right away.' I’d take a little rest first. * Self-Praise. “I don’t see why I keep trailing around after you when I could marry a dozen other girls,” complained Charley Dubson. “It may fie in bad taste for me to say so,” replied Miss Peacher, “but I presume you care for quality more than quantity.”

Information. Irate Patron —I dropped a penny /'"tk into this machine and nothing came wSpBI <> ut - fl Yjj Agent —If nothIng came out that T T -shows it’s 1/ VU I empty. IJIJ “But, sir, what do I get for my penny?” “Information.”

Preparedness.' Little Ned—Must I sleep in the •dark? Mamma —Yes. Little Ned —Well, then, wait a minute; I’ll get out and say my prayers a little more carefully. A Poor Compliment. “I have never heard a more informing address.” “Thank you, sir. Thank you very mjich,” replied the 'beaming orator. , “Er—what part of my Speech did you find the most instructive?” “The part you quoted.” Foxy. Ma—-I don’t know how I can get Willie to take hlsTmedicine. If I tell him what it is he won’t take it and if I don’t tell him he won’t take it. Pa —Just put it on the table and forbid him tp touch it and then he’ll take it

Some Doubt. ~ Business Caller —Who is the head of this house? Knowing Neighbor—Mr. Smythe thinks he is, but then he hasn’t been married long enough to know better. Oh, Woman I Kitty—Jack miserable when he kissed me good-by at the .station. Catty—He needn’t have been. He didn’t have to kiss you.

Trading in Human Hair.

Gradually changing styles' in hairdressing in the United States and Europe have dealt a death blow to the trade in human hair in Hong Kong, China. In 1910 this trade reached its highest level, the United States alone buying such hair to the value of $695,137 direct, in addition to a large amount which went by way of Europe. With the advent of the war, says Leslie’s Weekly,- the European demand has fallen away, and the changing styles in the United States have cut down the demand from New York.

By Lieut. Fitzhugh Green of the U. S. S. Texas

Mrs. Dix I was ashamed of you, Ephraim, to see you dust the chair you sat on at Mrs. . Henshaw’s. I saw her little boy watching you. Dix I saw him, too. I’m too old a fish to be caught on a bent pin. " *

sooner than is expected. Thej tins crack or burst. Pnjha Michiga » 15 -feAxff la ■EMncirgun Intake off ana fell on deck. On the next load the gun captain, having opened the breech to report “bore clear,” shouted “There ain’t no bore!” Fortunately no one was killed. \ The charge of a 14-inch gun is 385 pounds of smokeless powder put up in four silk-linen bags. The back end of each bag is painted red add contains about four ounces of black powder called the ignition charge. A brass primer similar to a'rifle cartridge except it has no bullet, ignites the black powder which in turn sets-fire to the smokeless powder. Contrary to popular belief there is no real explosion but a progressive burning of enormous rapidity. Vast volumes of gas at high temperature and pressure are produced; forcing the projectile out. A 14-inch shell weighs 1,400 pounds, is five* feet long, and contains a bursting charge. - Twelve strong men lift one with difficulty. Yet from the gun it can sink a’ battleship 12 miles away. It travels at the rate of 2,600 feet a second or a mile every two seconds. On striking it expends an energy of 65,687 foot-tons, or enough to transport a load of two tons to twice the height of Mt. Everest.

Bees Are Supplied With Two Sets of Eyes; One for Near, Other for Far Sight

The eyes of an animal can only work together when they can be brought to bear ppon an object at the same time; so that, as a rule, the eyes of a fish must work more or less independently. This is sometimes also the case when the eyes can co-operate, as anyone who watches a plaice or other flat fish in an aquarium will soon discover. _ Many insects possess more than two eyes, which do not act together. A leech, for example, has ten eyes on the top of its head, which do not work in concert, and a kind of marine worm has two eyes on the head and ar row down each side of the body. SOme lizards have an extra eye on the top of the head, which does not act with the other two.

A bee or, wasp has two large, compound eyes, which possibly help each other, and are used for near vision, and also three little simple eyes on the top of the head, which are employed for seeing things a long way off. So that for close sight Inside the hive and for far sight the bees will never need spectacles.

Italian Museum Has Most Valuable Book in World.

The Mqdlco Laurentian museum of Florence, Italy, has in its possession what is said to be the most valuable book in the world. This book is called the . Codex Amiatinus and is pronounced by some scholars to be perhaps the oldest and by all odds the best ancient Latin manuscript of the Bible. The work is believed to have been copied from the .translation by, St. Jerome, which he made direct from early Greek and Hebrew scripts. Its origin is placed in the ninth century, and is thought to have been the handiwork of English priests. Only recently has the true character of this book become known. For many years it was owned by the Monte Amlati convent, without anyone being aware of its true value. Of course it was known to be of great antiquity, and was highly prized on that account. But it remained for Italian scholars to discover its real significanqje. The work' is now priceless. It can only be examined by virtue of a special permit from the highest Italian authority.

A Good Old Game.

A man ninety-three years old, whose home is. in a Massachusetts town, walked 11 miles one day recently to indulge in an annual checker orgy with his 'former neighbors. He left for home, at the end of the forty-fifth game triumphant in the thought that he had made the, best record known in 14 years. He had won thirty games and lost seven, while eight were a draw. In these days of golf apd tennis and pool and bowling, the sedentary of checkers has fallen into some disrepute, remarks an exchange. • Men who boast of athletic tastes speak slightingly of it as tame and. tiresome. But it has its faithful adherents who are undisturbed by criticism. The game entertains them; it even arouses their enthusiasni; they become mildly excited over it. The old man in Massachusetts had undoubtedly been aided to pass his ninety years by the pleasant stimulus of the simple game. His mind was agreeably stirred by the effort to enter G hls opponent’s king row, capturing as many “men” as possible on the way.

Placing the Blame.

“What is the matter, Henry T? questioned Mrs. Joslin, anxiously. . “Ob. matter enough! That precious son of ours is in financial difficqfttles again." ' “Well, It’s Just as I expected; and It’s your own fault for starting him in business. Algy always did all right as long as he did nothing I"

THE«V MgllUl* Ol 1 Issi-

Red Is Warm Color, Blue a Cold One, Because of Their Places in Nature

Colors affect one’a flßßdpflat bee use of Si nee due BuggeiftWi*Rnip J WWdS*sky and ice, it should not bj! we<l dark and fegwhy out Miss Grace ■ in home ayjiiq c State' Agr cultural college. .ThaO-—S,I’ “One thinks of re&»-heipg Wm because he sees something of red-in fire,” said Miss Averill. “He realizes that it is an irritating color —it has been used with effect In bullfights. Even the old turkey gobbler is excited by red. “Each color has its own individual characteristic. Red gives the idea of warmth and cheer, just as some persons have the faculty of making warm friends. Red, on the other hand, is likely to be irritating- unless it is usedsparingly. The effect of a touch of red in a room is cheering, but a r,oom should not be papered in bright red. “Blue denotes a different characteristic. It is like the cool, sedate, dignified person. Blue retreats instead of advances. For this reason a small room may be made to look larger if it is papered in blue. Because it Is a cool color, its use should be reserved for rooms vriiicir are naturally cheery and admit much sunlight. A north room should not be papered in blue..”

Mother’s Cook Book

For Meatless Day. Where fresh fish are obtainable there are countless ways of preparing them so that there is no need of sameness. Carp, though a rough fish, may be made most appetizing, if the smaller ones are used. The skin should be removed, as in it lies the objectionable flavor, more noticeable in the larger than in the smaller fish. Roll in cornmeal, well seasoned, and fry in hot pork fat, using a bit of onion with the salt and pepper for seasoning. Fish Chowder. This dish may be made of either fresh or salt fish. Dice a few slices Of pork and fry brown in an iron kettle. Add enough water to cook a half dozen potatoes and three onions, and when the vegetables are partly done add the fish if uncooked. If cooked or salted it need not be added until ten minutes before taking up. The fish should be shredded, using a pound to the aihount of vegetables. Season well, then add a quart of scalded milk and a half dozen milk crackers which have been scalded with boiling water and well drained. Serve piping hot.

Salmon fritters. Separate one cupful of cooked salmon into large flakes. Lay the flakes on a flat dish, sprinkle with vinegar, pepper and salt and let stand while the batter is’ being made. For the batter, add one beaten .egg to a half cupful of milk, a little salt and paprika, a tablespoonful of olive oil and a cupful of flour. Mix/until smooth and glossy. Allow it to Stand for an hour in a cool place, then add one teaspoonful of baking powder. Dip the flakes carefully into the, batter and fry in smoking hot fat to a light brown. Garnish with parsley. Baked Salmon. Place a pound of fresh salmon In a saucepan with water enough to cover, add one teaspoonful of salt, a half teaspoonful of white pepper, three tablespoonfuls of vinegar and cook slowly until it comes to the boiling point, then remove front the Cie and set aside until required. Place the fish in a baking dish, surround with vegetables add a little btoth and bake until tender, , Salmon Steaks. Cut slices 1% Inches thick, and wipe dry. Lay the fish in a well-buttered pan and add the juice of a lemon, salt, pepper and red pepper. Lay buttered paper over the fish and let -cook, allowing twenty minutes for -each pound of fish. Garnish with cubes of cucumber, finely cropped parsley and tarragon. 'MextCc Tywwtte,

Wise and Otherwise

Until Cupid recovers his sight marriage will continue to be more or less of a failure. Some men attempt to practice what they preach, but they soon get out of the practice. No w’onder the way of the transgressor is hard when one considers the amount of travel thereon. “In times of peace prepare for war,” quoted the young man who had just squandered a lot of his hard-earned coin on an engagement ring.

Alone.

“Alone," murmured the poor man. At least it sounded like that Yet the man was not alone. Unfortunately his wife was with him. . “Alone,” he continued to mutter. His wife laughed a harsh, brutess laugh. In dulcet tones she hissed, “Nix!” ~ “Alone 1" This time there was pleading in his voice. • And his wife laughed harshly and shook her head. “Not a sou, you poor fish," she ejaculated. *. . He was asking for a loan.

Small College Has Its Own Work to Do and Must Do It Efficiently

By L.P. POWELL.

There are a few small jjgfl of them mend their ways they enaMei* a* the; year* for supporters are not going to confuse smallness with inefficient, and the small college, however small, must function efficiently, or it will cease to have a reason for existence. But here and there you find a small college of which the alumni can proudly as well as truly say, with Daniel Webster, “It Is a small college. And yet there are those who love it.” The small college is the real college. It has no ambition to be a university. It is not tainted seriously with the distinctively university spirit. It still stands, for general mental discipline; a liberal outlook on life and what we cp.ll cultural interests, without longer narrowing the term merely to the pursuit of classical study. The small college today must serve a valid purpose. It cannot rest on the laurels of the past. The small college today must do well its own special work. Problems it has. What live institution has not problems, whether it is big or .little? The small college has suffered much through the persistence of puerilities, but they are going. Sense and solidarity are taking their place. Brutal “hazing,” vulgar “horsing,” premature “rushing,” vulgar “paddling” and excessive drinking, made possible by scholarship funds given to the college by good Christians, are going because they have to go—and they are going rapidly because they cannot withstand the pitiless publicity of good breeding. • ...............

How to Make Torches for Boys in Trenches

Many women and schoolchildren are busy making trench torches for the American soldiers at the front, following the example of thousands of women in European countries- These torches are very easily made. Here are the directions given for their manufacture at home:

Spread out eight sheets of old newspaper and begin rolling at the long end. Roll as tightly as possible until the papers are half rolled. Then fold back the first three sheets toward the rolled phrt and continue to wrap around the roll almost to the first fold. Then fold back another three sheets and continue to wrap around the roll to the last, margin of the paper. On

Completed Trench Torch.

this margin,. consisting of two sheets, spread a little glue or paste and continue the rolling so as to make a compact roll of paper almost like a torch. Cut this into short lengths with a sharp knife. The pieces must then be boiled- in enough paraffin to cover them for. four minutes and then when they are taken out and allowed to cool they are ready to be put In boxes and sent to the front. Candle ends may be used for the paraffin’ if any are available, or block paraffin may be purchased. Not only do these torches help to dispel the darkness of the trenches, but three of them, used together; provide sufficient heat to cook the solflier’s rations and give some Warmth to the trench.

Nunn’s Veiling.

It is said that the shoemaker shoes everyone well but himself. This is true in the case of a wealthy man named William Nunn of Teddington. He was a. member of the famous lace making firm bearing his name—the first firm it is said to introduce lacemaking into England. As a boy of eighteen he bad fifteen hundred people under him. He had a passion for designing beautiful lace, and for inventing improvements in lace machinery. Yet he lived the life of a neglected hermit and the Windows of this man’s bouse, who had adorned thousands of other, people’s windows were hung* with dirty and dusty rags! Only a short while ago he died of cold and neglect

President of Hobart College

Even Steel Gets Tired; Engines Must Have Rest Just Like Human Beings

A train pulled into a station the other day several hours behind time — which in itself isn’t anything unusual these strenuous days of railroading, says an exchange. When the engineer was asked why he could not make the time he said his engine was tired, that it had had no rest. A new employee smiled at the fellow, for he couldn’t believe that a piece of steel actually required rest But it is absolutely true, and the engineer understands it as does no other class of people. . , An engine’s working hours are as definitely fixed as a man’s working hours. There is just as well defined limit to its endurance. It gets tired pulling a train, just as a man gets tired dragging a burden, and the more tired it becomes the less efficient It is, for all the world like a human being. In the case mentioned nothing about the engine was broken. Its parts were well adjusted. But it had been sent out on the road for a second trip after having made a long, laborious run, and It was tired and didn’t do its work as it would have done had it been allowed to rest for 24 hours.,.

Attic Is Made to Order as a Playroom for the Kiddies.

The attic now provides the home with the most delightful; of playrooms, that show in every detail a thorough understanding of what children love, says an exchange. It is a retreat that is their very own, just as they would have dreamed it. If you told them that the alcoves were formed by chance in the plan of the big house, they would smile incredulously. There is an alcove for each child, where each has her own individual set of furniture, decorated with her own storybook pictures. Deep shelves furnish eages in which the wild animals sleep at night; and the tired hobbyhorse finds a stable and rest Baby has a playground all her own, out of danger from prancing steed and raging elephant There is a quiet corner for nurse, too. • What wonderful things are to be seen from the high-up windows, where the sunbeams peep in to wake up the toys! Perhaps the view may show ships far out on the river or bay, or miles and miles of treetops tossed in the wind, and soft whlte CIOUdS. \

A Parliament of Seven

Excelling even the Scottish St Kilda in loneliness is Pitcairn Island, a British possession in the Pacific, almost midway between Australia and South America. About two square miles in area, the island has a population of 169; including three Americans. The people are half-castes of Tahitian blood, but English is the only language spoken." A parliament consisting of seven members, and boasting a president a vice president and a judge, conducts the affairs of the community. All persons above the age of eighteen can vote, and voting is done verbally. The natives are great music layers, and take much pride in an organ presented to them by Queen Victoria. Sometimes a year passes without the arrival of a mail. It once happened that only two vessels called there during a period of 25 years.

Big Game Increasing.

British Columbia’s big game is said to be increasing. In the seclusion of the deep forests and wild fastnesses of the mountains the black and grizzly bears, the moose, the caribou, the mule deer, the black-tail and. coast deer, the Rocky Mountain goat and the sheep, ovis fannlni, ovis canadensis anti ovis stonei, the finest game animals on the continent, have been on the increase during the last few years, it is reported. In the United States, except in the game preserves, the larger game, animals are melting away.

"SOMEWHERE IN FRANCE"

By EMMA COWAN BARBER.

pioon .Bqt t abv anxi itoua car*, at ?io iaa tuft saggggSSMß*Her loyal heart is there, “somewhere tn France.” "Sotrrewhere in France” her lover waltz the call K '' . To hurl himself amid the battle’s pall; S Gone from her side, when an their rosy dreams Had led through peaceful fields, by laughing streams'. ■ She would not call him back, for this she knows. Wherever he may go “Old Glory" goes. Though thus may end for her life’s dear romance, ./ s Her loyal heart is there, "somewhere 1b France.” S "Somewhere in France," her bafoy Ups rapes t; \ She lifts Inquiring eyes, so gravely sweet. Torn from her arms, her father marched < away, And mother’s face grows paler, day by day. She may not know that where their loved one walks, ' %£ By night and day, a frightful spectra stalks; t That now, their pictured faces lie, perchance. Against a silent heart,, “somewhere is Franca”

“Somewhere in France,” her brother, or the field. Presents his splendid body as her shield; Willing to die, or live a hopeless’ wreck. If so, he helps to hold the foe in check. Through busy days she feels the seasoni drag; Her thoughts are with her brother, ant the flag; With heart aflame, defiance in her glance She longs to fight with him “somewhert in France.” "Somewhere in Frafice" her son is at hit post, Impatient to confront the hostile host; Torn from her arms where yesterday, if seems, He lay, an Infant, smiling in his dreams. And now, from smoke wreaths, dart • against the skies. His dear face seems to look, with smiling *' eyes. If he should die, this boon a harsh fats ’ - Krants; ; . He’ll die with honor bright "somewbers in France.” “Somewhere in France,” a million hearts are there, A million souls are rapt in silent prayer. Prayer for the loved, wherever they may be, - And prayer for those enslaved, they fight to fred. Unknown to us • the field where duties call, But one there is. who watches over all; Who guides our flag, that truth may still advance— Our God is with them all "somewhere in France.”

FOR THE POULTRY GROWER

Planning the Poultry House. The height of the poultry house is governed by its width, or, rather, its length as a whole. From four to six feet should be ample for the rear side of a practical poultry house. But the front of the house must be of sufficient height for admitting light to the rear of the house. Houses 12 feet wide should have windows that are at least six feet high to the top, and wider houses in proportion. At least one-third of the front of a poultry house should be open, without glass, and provided with a muslin curtain for closing the opening in extremely bad weather. In planning the poultry house provide a scratching shed, when the house Is limited in size, for feeding the grain food and for exercising the fowls., —■ For ‘ the front use muslin in inclement weather, which gives sufficient light and ventilation. ’ When poultry houses are built as stationary fixtures they should have substantial foundations, with concrete floors, either plain or covered with flooring. Colony houses of the portable type have only wooden floors, which are covered with littfer. Roofs for poultry houses are generally shingles or roofing paper, may be preferred, and no pains should be spared in making a perfectly tight roof. x ■ The walls of the poultry house are another of the important features that should not be overlooked. Strong, tight and rigid walls are. necessary for the wooden poultry house, and there should be no cracks, crevices or openings in the side walls to cause drafts.. Alleys in the average poultry house of a few number of pens are unnecessary and a waste of space, and a wire door in the partitions of the pens is to be preferred. The fixtures of poultry houses ore portable, or at least they should so that they may be easily kept clen— Place all high enough from the floor of the house so that the space underneath may be for scratching. The roosts are placed at the rear end of the house, and all roosts should be on a level to prevent the from crowding. Have-the droppings board directly under the roosts; 10 or 12 inches win be sufficient, and cover the droppings board with dry bran or sand. ‘ The nests should be placed undof the droppings board, and they should be portable to facilitate cleaning and attending to,