Evening Republican, Volume 21, Number 243, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 29 October 1917 — Page 2

War Must Go On Until Liberties of the Future Are Guaranteed

By Senator P. J. McCumber

We cannot, we must not, emerge from this conflict until the great nations of the earth have entered into binding and solemn international obligation, signed and sealed by each of them, defining and proclaiming the inherent and inalienable rights of every nation, great and small —the right of each to live and work out its own destiny, free from the shadow of impend-, ing war or the danger of annihilation by some mightymilitary neighbor; and that no nation shall rob a weaker nation of its territory; that it shall not murder] its people; that it shall not deprive another of its inde-

pendence or infringe upon its sovereign rights. We must provide for a court in 'which every international dispute must be settled and obliging the world-family of nations to jointly enforce the decrees of such a court, and thereby forever prevent the recurrence of such a holacaust of blood as now incarmines Europe. _ \ Unless this war is fought to such a finish, this conflict* will have been worse than in vain. Unless we are prepared to fight it to this finish, we have committed a grievous crime against humanity and our own people in ever entering it. We are battling for the liberty and happiness of future generations. This generation is suffering that the next may live under the reign of peace and justice. If we allow this war to close leaving the situation just as it was before the war, then we can rest assured that the same causes will bring about the same result, and that our children must meet that which we were unable, through inability or lack of courage, to settle. That we must not do.

Military Training Benefit to Youth in Time of Peace as Well as in War

As the world is constituted, and has been through thousands of years of strife, there is only one safe plan, and that is to follow the advice of Washington—in time of peace prepare for war. If we had done this a few years ago, we would have saved billions of dollars and tens of thousands of lives. It is common knowledge in military circles that trained men, by knowing how to take care of themselves in camp and in the field, reduce the mortality and casualties at least two-thirds, and, what is even more vital, men of special training only can be used in modern warfare; Nationally we need a little foresight, a keener appreciation of the necessity for providing for future contingencies. We cut ice in the coldest sort of weather when nobody wants ice, for we know it will be demanded a few months later; so we prepare in midwinter for our comforts during the heated period of summer. The plan of universal military training as outlined in the Chamberlain bill would make available at all times millions of young men who have had sufficient military training to enable them to become excellent soldiers with a few weeks of additional training. This would safeguard the nation and prepare it against'any contingency that would probably arise, and if one should never arise, the training and discipline would be the very best experience that any young man could have. It would make him stronger physically, more alert mentally, quicker to see and to act. Also, it would increase his earning capacity and give him a better chance to win success in his life work. Our boys appreciate this. I think the majority Of them would be glad to take the training. Since the boys may at any time be called upon to defend our country and our flag, we owe it to them to provide them with a careful pretraining so that they may perform this important national function both efficiently and as safely as possible. * —_ —•—;

All the Burden of Food Conservation Should Not Rest Upon the Housewife

By Either Moran, Supervisor

The average American man can do much toward stopping food waste and irrational eating. All the burden and blame does not rest on the housewife. Many wives are willing to make or buy conservation bread, but the husbands laugh and refuse to eat it. Many wives try to substitute vegetable protein for animal protein, but the husband demands meat. He likes to see plenty of food on the table and then to heap up the plates, expand his chest and “What a good fellow am I.” Wouldn’t it be better to ask for a second helping rather than have any ■waste at all ? Does the average man know what he should eat ? What is a balanced ration ? Does he eat soup, roast, gravy, potatoes, beans macaroni, bread, butter, pie, cheese, crackers and coffee ? Man must be educated on the food subject, but oftentimes his habits are ingrained and so the best the intelligent housewife can do is to begin with the children and teach them to eat just enough good, plain, wholesome food, to eat the right combinations and to refrain from spoiling good food so that it must be thrown away.

“Business as Usual” Not Good Slogan for United States in This Great War

By Frank A. Vanderlip.

The sooner the public gets over the idea* that we want “business as usual,” or can have “business as usual” during this great war, the better for all. ' • . ' n We want to stop all unnecessary work and unnecessary expenditures short off, and concentrate on the immense volume of work which has to be done. Business men should get rid of any foolish fears that economy will bring on a general paralysis of industry or trade. The country should immediately awake to the fact that it has a great task in hand, and that it cannot carry on a war like this with one hand and continue to do all the business it did before with the other.

By William Wrigley, Jr.,

of Domestic Science, St. Pau! Public Schools

President National City Bank of New York

of North Dakota

of Chicago

THE EVENING REPUBLICAN, RENSSELAER, IND.

RIGHT SEED BED OF GREAT IMPORTANCE

DISKING A FIELD FOR CROP OF WHEAT.

(From the United States Department of Agriculture.) “Make the seed bed fit for the seed. Do not ‘intern’ wheat worth $3 or $4 a bushel for seed purposes In a condition of soil Impossible for germination.” ■That precaution is urged by the United States department of agriculture on all farmers who contemplate sowing the high-priced seed of a highpriced food this fall. To plant seed on poorly prepared land not only wastes the seed that does not germinate, the specialists point out, but it may mean the loss of an entire investment if a paying stand is not obtained. Right Condition of Bed. A seed bed for wheat must be firm, moist, and well compacted beneath with a mellow, finely divided upper three inches of soil, the specialists advise. If wheat is grown in rotation with oats or after wheat, the stubble should be plowed to a depth of at least seven inches immediately after harvesting the preceding crop of grain. The ground should be harrowed within a few hours after plowing and cultivation with harrow, disk, drag, or roller should be given as necessary thereafter until planting time. These operations are necessary to kill weeds, to settle and make firm the subsoil, and to maintain a soil mulch on the surface. The earlier the preparation of a seed bed for wheat is started the better the condition of the soil will be at planting time. Late plowing does not allow time for thorough preparation. If a cultivated crop precedes wheat,

INSTRUCTIVE HINTS FOR THE ORCHARDIST

Big Tree Is Not Always Most Desirable —Learn to Outwit Disease and Insects. s (By L. M. BENNINGTON.) ) Plant apple trees five or six Inches deeper than other fruit trees. It is a mistake to assume that a big tree will always come into bearing sooner than a small one. If too big the storms may cause them to be seriously injured before the roots have become thoroughly fixed. A tree which is infested with insects will not thrive any better than--a pig covered with lice. The farmer who starts an orchard and has not studied the effects of spraying might as well save his time and expense. He will fall without spraying. ' The Ben Davis makes a brave showing on the city fruit stands, but doesn’t It cause prejudice among the ignorant against all apples? An old broom from which most of the brush has been worn off will remove loose bark from the trunks of trees, and at the same time destroy many hiding places of insects. A tree which is properly sprayed and cared for, however, seldom has any rough bark to remove. Do not let the pears remain on the trees until thoroughly ripe, or they will become soft and mealy.

CONCISE DIRECTIONS FOR FILLING A SILO

u Everything Should Be Made Ready for - Continuous Run When Cutting Is Begun. (By L. B. BASSETT, University Farm, ■ St. Paul, Minn.) Silo filling is a hurry-up job in order to get all the growth possible and to avoid frost. Consequently everything should be made ready for a continuous run when cutting starts. The cutter, should be put in firstclass shape, special attention being given to the knives and knife heads. An extra set of knives should be on hand. The blower, fan and both knives should run at the rated speed. Poor joints and a leaky blower mean more

frequent cultivation given to this crop will preserve moisture and maintain a soil mulch. If level cultivation has been practiced, a good seed bed easily can be prepared by disking and harrowing after removing the crop. However, if weeds are present, it may be advisable to plow shallow, the disk preceding and following the plow. Conserving Moisture. Early plowing followed by thorough tillage aids in catching the water which falls and in conserving this and the water already in the soil for use by the wheat plants. The firm seed bed under the mulch thus made enables the young plants to make use of the subsoil waters which rise when there is a perfect union between the plowed soil and the subsoil. Sufficient moisture is thus assured for the germination of the seed and for the early fall growth of the seedlings, a very important consideration, Plant food is also likely to be more abundant in the soil when such methods are employed. Ts the Importance of thorough tillage were more generally recognized and proper methods of seed-bed preparation were more widely employed throughout the so-called humid areas, there would be less frequent losses from drought and better whCat crops would result, the department specialists declare. In this area the mistake is often made of thinking there will always be moisture enough present for a maximum crop growth, with the result that short crops often are obtained where more attention to moisture conservation would have assured good yields.

power and clogging. The cutter bar should be in good condition and the knives and bar properly adjusted to each other. If any extras are likely to be needed for the corn binder they should be on hand. Authorities agree that the nearer ripe the corn .is, if it contains enough water to make good silage, the sweeter the silage will be and consequently the more palatable; also the greater the amount of digestible nutrient it will contain. Roughly speaking, a majority of the ears should be dented. When large quantities are to be cut it is necessary to begin before the corn is at its best, otherwise the last cut will be too ripe. Short-cut silage means greater silo capacity, less air space, and if the corn is a little dry, less likelihood of spoiling. Short cutting, also, means reduced capacity of the machine and more power. If the stalks are coarse and woody the waste is greater in longcut silage. In fine stalked corn that is very green there is less difference between the long and short cut. When corn is very dry from being overripe or frozen, it is often •necessary to apply water to the silage in order to make it keep. Enough water should be applied to moisten thoroughly the whole mass. There is little danger of applying too much water;. ■ Roughly speaking It takes one and one-half to two horsepower gas for every ton per hour of green corn cut one-half Inch in length and blown 30 feet high. From this it will be seen that to cut ten tons per hour one-half inch long and blow into a silo 30 feet high will require approximately a 15 or 20 horse power gas engine. If the same amount per hour is cut onefourth of an inch long it will require considerably more power.

ESSENTIALS IN PLANT LIFE

Finer the Seed Bed the Quicker the Seed Germinates and the Faster the Plant Grows. - Plants cannot assimilate food elements that exist in the toil until these elements are chemically changed or broken up. Bacteria, rflr, heat and water are the agents to On this. Ohly in the liquid form can plants feed upon soil elements. The finer the seed bed the quicker the seel? germinates and the faster the plan* grows, provided, of course, that the water ( supply is all right. Every act and condltlon that reverses this condition of the seed bed is a hindrance to plant growth.

THOUGHTS TO THINK ABOUT

Man happy becomes who helps his fellow men. Indecision is the idle man’s imprint on all that he fails to perform; deciding little lets man do less. The thinking done in the factory makes it thrive; the horse power makes the factory’s smoke, but the headpower makes its success. The man who stays out because he lost out is neither a sticker nor a winner; if he won’t dig out when he’s covered up he is pretty much of a sinner.

CONCERNING WOMEN

Women operate taxicabs in Washington, D. C. Woman letter carriers in France receive 5 francs a day. The new labor party in Roumania is in favor of woman suffrage. Miss Molla Bjurstedt is known as the “iron woman” of tennis. Italy is depending upon-her women to till the soil of that country. The repairing of water meters in Philadelphia is to be done by women. Miss Blrdine Bright, factory inspector for the board of public works in Kansas City, is making a survey of employees of stores, factories, restaurants, offices and other places of business where girls and women are employed, In order to get accurate lists of those who are getting a wage of $8 a week or less.

AMONG THE INVENTORS

A new camera-carrying case has a compartment for additional films. A Kansas inventor has devised heels made mainly of coiled springs covered with flexible leather. Polishing furniture by machine Instead of by hand Is made possible by a recent British invention. Concrete may be made to resemble granite so closely by the addition of powdered mica as almost to deceive experts. To keep men who use ladders a great deal from slipping an Inventor has designed roughened metal plates to be worn on shoes. A French invention to warn aji aviator when he is deviating from his intended course consists of a form of camera obscura. An English lighting engineer proposes to Illuminate cities by the reflection of lights thrown against buildings, in order to eliminate glare. A Californian has invented an appliance to tell when orchestra lnstru-_ ments are in tune, which resembles a tuning fork on a large scale.

STRAY THOUGHTS

Thought is a blooming field of pleasures and not of pains, if you think about the • blessings and not the adverse Sin loves the frauds perpetrated by pious people; frauds are the friends of sin. One thing well done is better than many things half done; well-done things are well-arm-ored successes, while half-done. ones leave holes for defeat’s darts. He who seeks first his own comfort becomes most uncomfortable and unhappy; he has stolen for himself what he should have sent to another. Love's harvest never comes in answer to the prayers of him who has never planted seeds of kindness.

SOME POSTSCRIPTS.

A framework that almost automatically lifts an automobile from the floor to relieve the tires as it enters a garage has been patented. Motion picture makers, who use silver salts for sensitizing films, consume about 15,000,000 ounces of silver annually in the United States. To save hauling an additional car a railroad tn Europe has put a wrecking crape on top of a locomotive, which provides the power to operate it. The engine of a motor-driven street sprinkler built in England, also is used t<s operate one pump to fill its tank and another to spreaW the water. I A fuel for internal combustion engines that is made in South Africa from paraffin is said to be superior to gasoline as it leaves no carbon deposit. To defy automobile thieves, a steering wheel has been patented that turns loosely on the shaft except when locked In position by a key carried by Its owner.

SCRAPS of HUMOR

CLIMAX OF SADNESS.

She —I never read anything sadder than her last novel. Har—No? Evidently you never-tack-led a joke book. Language. A highbrow’s speech is all correct. But scientific words expand Until they make a dialect That most of us can’t understand. Telephone Grandeur. “What’s your opinion of Bommaster?” . . “Well, when I first met him he impressed me as being a leader of men, a ten thousand-volt dynamo, a clarionvoiced'czar who would brook no opposition ; but when I met him the second time I sized him up for a pusillanimous mouse. “Where did you meet him the first time?” “On the telephony.”

It Was a Big Night “Some of Jipson’s bachelor friends gave him a farewell dinner on the eve of his marriage.” “I presume he’ll remember that a long time.” “He remembered it for two days at any rate. His headache lasted that long.” A Surmise. “Poets have a theory that opportunity only calls once.” “I don’t suppose it calls very frequently on a poet.”—Louisville Cour-ier-Journal. The Cause. Inquiring subscriber (to editor) — “Don’t see anything of your funny paragraphist lately. Ain’t mad, is he? “No, he isn’t mad. He’s out of humor.” • Sound Advice. He —Will you have French bread? She —No; just ordinary bread. French bread must be stale before it gets here. Grand. “Have you decided to do your bit?” ' “I am going hi for farming. I think it will be perfectly grand just to vegetate.” "

QUALIFIED.

“What reason have they to hope that they can gain admission to the smart set?” “Before they were married each of them denied in at least a dozen interviews that they were engaged, 4 , Between Girls. Bell —Why, where did Charlie Deadhead get all his money? You know BCtsie rejected him because he was so poor. • Stell—-Yes, I know; when she rejected him she sent back all his love letters and he sold them. Explosive. “You shouldn*t smile so much, my dear. It is dangerous." “Dangerous?” “Yes. When a smile lights up your ' face, it might set oft the powder." ;