Evening Republican, Volume 21, Number 240, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 25 October 1917 — Page 3

This World Cannot Exist Half Despotism and Half Democracy

By Nicholas Murray Butler,

ciples which cannot live together in this world. And that is why this contest must be settled by force of arms. =■- If those two principles had anything in common, an adjustment between them might possibly be reached; but each principle absolutely excludes the other. As Abraham Lincoln said a generation ago, “This nation cannot exist half slave and half free,” so it may be said today. “This world cannot exist half despotism and half democracy.” Democracy must in its way dispose of despotism or despotism will in its way overcome democracy. Therefore it is to no ordinary task that this nation goes forward. It is not a struggle to which one may be for a moment indifferent. It is the deepest and most tremendous conflict that all history records.

Would Life Be Tolerable if the Power of Prussianism Held World by Throat?

It is the purpose of a common determination to fight and to bear and to dare everything and never to cease nor rest until the accursed thing which has brought upon the world the unutterable calamity, the devil’s visitation of this appalling war, is destroyed beyond all possibility of resurrection. 1 That accursed thing is not a nation, but an evil spirit, a spirit which has made the government possessed by it and executing its abhorrent and bloody bidding, an abomination in the sight of God and men. Speaking as one born of German parents, I do not hesitate to state it as my jjeep conviction that the greatest service which men of German birth or antecedents can render to the country of their origin is to proclaim and to stand up for the great and fine ideals and national qualities and traditions which they inherited from their ancestors, and to set their faces like flint against the monstrous doctrines and acts of a rulership which have robbed them of the Germany which they loved and in which they took just pride, the Germany which had the good will, respect and admiration of the entire world. . . . I measure my words. They are borne out all too emphatically by the hideous eloquence of deeds which have appalled the conscience of the civilized world. They are borne out by numberless expressions, written and spoken, of German professors employed by the state to teach its youth. The burden of that teaching is that might makes right, and that the German nation has been chosen to exercise morally, mentally and actually, the overlordship of the world and must and will accomplish that task and that destiny whatever the cost in bloodshed, misery and ruin. Would life be tolerable if the power of Prussianism, ruh mad and murderous, held the world by the throat, if the primacy of the earth belonged to a government steeped in the doctrines of a barbarous past and supported by a ruling caste which preaches the deification of sheer might, which despises liberty, hates democracy and would destroy both if it could? It is not for glory or for riches or for honor that we fight, but for liberty alone, which no good man loses but with his life.

Railroads’ Handling of War Work Shows What Can Be Done by “Team Work”

By R. H. Aishton,

Every railroad man in the United States, from section man up to president, owes it to himself and his country to do everything in his power to help win the war. At a meeting in Washington immediately after the declaration of war with Germany, the heads of the railways agreed voluntarily and unanimously to subordinate every other interest to helping to win the war. The railroads made this pledge to the government and the public and they have kept it, regardless of the individual interest of any road. The English railroads are being operated on a similar plan, but under a guaranty by the government of the same net earnings that they made before the war. Our government was not asked for and has not given to the railways any guaranty of net. earnings. The railroads did not get the advance in rates which they felt was absolutely necessary in order to render the service required by the government and the public. Did the railroads sulk and grumble as a consequence?. On the contrary, they redoubled their efforts to discharge the enormous responsibilities forced upon them by war conditions. Sacrificing individual interests, I believe the railroads have given the greatest exhibition of “team work” the world ever saw. It is almost impossible to realize what an enormous task the railroads are wrestling with. The combined freight traffic of fourteen of the largest countries in the world in the year 1915 is just about equal to the increase alone in the freight traffic of our railroads in this calendar y ear —if the present rate is maintained —over that of the year 1915. Even more remarkable is the fact that this gigantic volume of traffic is being transported with practically no more equipment than otir railroads had at the beginning of the war, because the builders cannot furnish the equipment which was ordered, owing to the demands of the government for the materials which would go into cars and locomotives. From the great 'majority of shippers and receivers of freight the railroads have received hearty co-operation, in the more prompt leading and unloading of cars, tod more i intensive loading, and I believe that when the war is won the railroads and their officers tod employees will be given the credit they deserye by the nation.

President of Columbia University V ‘' i; ■■ : -. —•

One of the oldest and subtlest philosophies in the world teaches that the whole of history consists in the struggle between the principle of good an,d the principle of evil. It teaches that now one, now the other, is uppermost, but that as the good principle overcome# the evil, or as the evil principle overcomes the good, so mankind marches forward to freedom or it falls back into serfdoiir amTslavery. The great struggle between the good and the evil principle has taken, m this twentieth century, the form of a contest between two political and social prin-

Banker and Philanthropist

By Otto H. Kahn,

President of Chicago & North Western Railroad

THE EVENING REPUBLICAN. RENSSELAER. INI).

Great Variety of Fashions Offered

New York.—There comes a time in every woman’s life when she grants fashions in paragraphs or, probably, a better way to put it is that she wants her news capsuled so that she can digest it in the quickest and easiest manner. These are stirring times in the world of buying and selling women’s apparel. Contrary to all the expectations of the pessimists and the croaking of the gloomy prophets, there is a scramble for enough merchandise to sell to the women on this continent at this moment. They have money; they want new clothes; Paris has sent alluring costumery quite in keeping with our spirit of war-time dressing; the shops are crowded, and the bulk of the buying has gone to the people who offer clothes that are not eccentric or overpriced. When fashions are slack, women have time to read about them In detail when they are being rushed across the stage; but now, as in an exciting movie, there Is no time for comment or philosophy, for theory or observation. “News! Give us news!’’ is what the people cry who want to go out tomorrow morning and buy. . This Is no time, therefore, to dwell upon one subject and embroider It a

The material used in this evening gown is supple satin in pink and mauve orchid tones. The bodice is cut in irregular points over hips, and there is a watteau train dropped from the shoulders. The short sleeves are finished with chinchilla.

bit in an attempt to entch a woman’s fancy. There'ls so much to say that there is not half enough space in which to say it. A colossal cornucopia of fashions has been shaken out over the heads of women, and one is catching as one can catch here and there. So much is changed, so much that is new is offered, so vast a variety of stimulating and enlivening fashions have fallen from the skies, as it were, that women, ever alert for interesting clothes at this season of the year, are asking a thousand questions and adding more before these are answered. Under this stimulus, the one who reports fashions must try to meet the situation by turning out the news in that old, old form of journalistic expression known as the reporter’s notebook. After a while, affairs will simmer down. They will establish themselves on a sound basis and probably remain on that foundation until next

’ ,'bruary. IHowever, there is no hope for calm at this moment and therefore, I pour out all the news of the hour in paragraphs. They cover, the situation as far as it goes. High Collars In Blouses. The strongest evidence that women will wear high collars in the winter, is that they are appearing in the cheap, ready-to-wear blouses. Some of these are boned and fit the neck. Others have a ruffle at the top of the high edge. Neither style is as attractive as the one that- flares at the top in the French fashion and envelopes the flesh at the top of the neck instead of pushing ijt r '. ' The strong desire shown by the great designers is to follow the lines of the figure in all gowns. This eliminates petticoats in a large measure. When they are worn, they must be exceedingly slim and of soft material. The tendency toward the dfrectoire gown is more marked as the autumn advances, especially as regards colorful waistcoats that fit the figure. Kolinsky will hold its place as the leader of peltry this season. It will be lavishly used for trimming street suits. Hudson seal ranks high. Its soft and pliable skin allows it to fit in with the clinging drapery of the year. Manufacturers say there is A strong demand for fine grades of Hudson seal, especially for coats. Straight boxcoats that, flare slightly at the hem, will be fashionable. Jet, in every form, will be acceptable 1 this year. The reopening of the did mines in England, which were once worked by the monks, has given a. Strong impetus to the trade in black crystal. Sequins will not be used. The surface will be facetted and highly polished. Entire gowns of jet in superb design, mounted on black tujle, will

be offered as the first fashion for evening, although they are very expensive. Jet buttons will be put on gowns of serge, satin, velour and velvet Belt# of jet will be used on one-piece frocks for the afternoon. The cadet sash of the hour, which Is used on short coats as well as frocks will be weighted with thick jet tassels. In more ways than anyone could think were possible, gray Is mixed with other colors. It is especially effective when placed with subtle shades of blue. Violet, heliotrope, salmon, watermelon pink and flame red are some of the colors which are put with gray gowns to be worn for ail hours of the day and evening. Gray one-piece frocks for the street, offered as a substitute for tailored suits, have fitted, medieval corselets made of braid. Careless cravats on the most formal suits, gain in importance. This kind of neckwear started in Paris last May, but the American dressmaker did not take It seriously until the new autumn models arrived.

These cravats are made of the cloth of the suit, lined with a fanciful fabric, or they embody a brilliant color scheme, which has many advantages in that It brightens the suit and often makes it more becoming to the wearer. So far, the high, stiff, military coat collar has not appeared, but every other kind of collar that mounts to the chin has been employed to supply the demand for high neckwear. The trench muffler is delighted In by many women, whether it is made of fur or cloth. It almost disguises the face, it envelopes so much of the lower part of it. Ostrich Plumes Again. Ostrich plumes are slowly coming back into fashion. Paris provided them for the great middle class of women who suddenly became well-to-do through high salaries. These women believe that sealskin coats, diamond solitaires and ostrich feathers are still the symbols of wealth. ' What was true of France quickly became true of England. Although plumes are selling there today at S9O and SIOO apiece, because of reduction in supply, there are buyers aplenty for them. It is expected that the industrial condition of America will be the same as that which has prevailed in England and France during the latter pari of the war, and that the women, who are the real spenders of a nation, will buy clothes more lavishly and recklessly than they have for a century. The reason for this is that i they are taking the places of men and getting money to spend without asking men for it. As for the ostrich feather in America, it is slowly making its appearance, but it is sponsored by so mahy good houses that no doubt it will appear

Four-cornered black velvet hat with crown of horizon blue ribbon. Upstanding ostrich plume also in blue.

on many hats when the cold weather comes. Hatter’s plush Is strongly indorsed by the milliners for women’s street hats. It will also be used for the brims of the large picture hats which have collapsible velvet crowns. Fortunately for the majority of women, the bellshaped hat vj-hlch was in fashion last summer, will be retained for the winter in this new material. (Copyright, 1917, by the McClure Newspaper Syndicate.)

Are French Heels Going?

There is no doubt of the fact that French heels are doomed for street wear, but this does not mean that they will not still be worn indoors. French heels were never really intended for walking, and the wonder is that women of good sense and good taste have for so long been willing to follow the vogtte for high-heeled walking shoes. The French-heeled shoe undoubtedly gained popularity because of the short skirt, and many persons have predicted that the feasible tvalklng shoe would not return to favor until the short skirt had passed out of fashion. But as indications point now skirts are still to be moderately short, and at the same time women are to wear sensible heels.

Belts Are Buttoned.

The use es jyide belts is almost uni versa!, and they are buttoned, instead of being tied, as, were true of thp models shown last year. Both metal and celluloid buckles are used on belts, but for ornament instead of use.

RAPID GROWTH OF BABY-BEEF INDUSTRY

WELL-FATTENED, FINISHED CATTLE IN YARDS.

The demand for small, high-quality cuts of meat and the increased cost of producing beef have combined to foster the rapid growth of the babybeef industry. Baby beeves may be described as well-fattened, finished animals, weighing from 900 to 1,200 pounds and marketed when between fourteen and twenty months old. It takes less food to produce a pound of flesh with them than mature cattle, they sell as high as the best of other fat cattle, and markets for baby beeves have been very stable during the last ten years. The young heifers sell as well as the steers, and the returns from the money invested in the production of such cattle come quicker. On the other hand, It takes more experience to succeed with baby beeves than with mature cattle, a betted grade of stock is required, and farm roughage cannot be substituted for grain to the same extent. First Beef Necessity. In a new publicstion of the United States department of agriculture devoted to this subject (Farmers Bulletin No. 811) it Is pointed out that the first necessity for the production of, baby beef is a herd that has at least a fair amount of beef blood. The cows need not be purebreds, but they should have at least two or three crosses of such blood In them A preponderance of dairy blood will not give profitable results. The cows should, however, produce enough milk to keep the calves well and growing without much additional feed. A good bull will do much to offset defects In the cow herd. A good beef form and a strong tendency toward easiness of maturity are essentials; the owner’s success, in fact, depends to a great extent upon the bull’s ability to transmit the latter characteristic to his offspring. Money spent in acquiring a bull that will do this is likely to prove a good .investment, for the

HOGGING DOWN CORN IS MOST PROFITABLE

When Properly Managed Hogs Gain as Rapidly and Economically as on Feed. Practical feeders and experiment stations have shown that hogs, when properly managed, will gain as rapidly and as economically when allowed to harvest the corn crop as when the (Top is harvested and fed in the usual manner. As a matter of fact, even more pork may be produced from an acre when the hogs do their own harvesting. This statement is proved by tests conducted by various experiment stations. Henry and Morrison, In “Feeds and Feeding” show that 68 pigs which were allowed to harvest their own corn, gained 1.4 pounds dally during 53 days, and required 488 pounds of concentrates for 100 pounds gain. Another lot of 31 pigs which were fed ear corn in a yard, gained 1.1 pounds during 57 days and required 546 pounds of concentrates for 100 pounds’ gain. L. A. Weaver of the University of Missouri college of agriculture points out that summer pasture, combined with hogging down corn in the fall is a profitable method of fattening hogs, since less high-priced grain is necessary when pork Is produced tn this manner. The Missouri station has shown that 20 to 40 per cent less grain is required to produce a given amount of pork when good pasture crops are supplied throughout" the grazing season.* To effect such a saving, however, it is necessary to limit the amount of ‘grain which is fed to hogs on pasture so that St the end of the grazing season they will not be fat but will be grown and in excellent condition to hog down the corn necessary to finish them for markets This system of hog management not only reduces the amount of grain required to finish the hog for market, but saves labor, removes less fertility from the farm, keeps the swine herd more healthy, and offers other advantages for cheapening the cost of production. The number of acres qf corn neces-

whole baby-beef industry depends upon the speed in finishing the animals for market. Getting Stock to Market. A herd at least large enough to produce a carload of calves a year is recommended in the bulletin already mentioned. Shipping in carload lots Is usually the only economical way of getting stock to market, from 29 to 27 baby beeves constituting a carload. Some allowance must, of course, be made for loss and for calves that are not suited /or treatment as baby beef. Since a well-matured bull can easily take care of 1 50 or 60 cows, the bull charge per calf alsj will be greater when the breeding is small. On the other hand, great care must be taken not to crowd the pasture. Good bluegrass og clover should carry from 50 to 100 cows on a hundred acres; other pastures from 50 to as low as 5. The amount of available roughage is another important factor in determining the size of the breeding herd. _ Roughage should form the hpsal portion of the ration for the cows. It cannot be bought with profit at the prevailing prices, and no more cows should be kept, therefore, than the farmer can feed with home-grown roughage. Calves for Market The feeding of the calves Intended for market depends on a number of factors, such as the season of the year in which they are born, whether or not any other use is made of the mother’s milk before weaning, and the age at which it is planned to sell the beeves. Suggestive rations In which these points are considered are 1 given in the bulletin already mentioned. These are made up of corn, cottonseed meal, corn silage, clover hay, and oat straw. If barley, mllo, kafir, or similar grains are substituted for corn, somewhat larger quantities should be used.

sary to finish a given number of hogs will vary with the kind of hogs and yield of the crop. It has been estimated that 20 pigs weighing 125 pounds will harvest a yield of 40 to 70 bushels per acre in from 15 to 26 days respectively; 40 pigs in 8 tJ 14 days, 60 pigs in 5 to 9 days and 80 pigs in 4 to 7 days. Most feeders prefer well-grown, thin shoats, which weigh front 125 to 150 pounds—shotes that have been grown through the summer on forage and not been previously fed a heavy grain ration. Such hogs will eat a large amount of feed and will gain rapidly. Heavier hogs such as brood sows and fattening hogs almost finished are apt to break down too mach corn and not clean it up so well as they go, thereby increasing the waste. Some nitrogenous supplement must be supplied to make'the hogs gain rapidly and economically: At least part of this supplement may be supplied in the form of roughage such as alfalfa, clover pasture or soy beans. If provision has not been made for clover, alfalfa or rape pasture In a field adjoining corn, or if soy beans have not been planted in the corn or in an adjacent field, then it Is absolutely essential, with- feeds at the present prices, to supply some nitrogenous supplement, such as tankage, linseed oil meal or middlings. The particular supplement used would depend upon the relative prices of this class of feeding stuffs. Ordinarily tankage is a cheap supplement

AVOID BULL NOSE INFECTION

Some Hog Raisers Prevent Trouble by Pulling or Clipping Tusks of Number of Pigs. Considerable loss and injury often result when y'oung plgA are feeding together. Their tusks are very sharp and while fighting over their feed they lacerate each other about the mouth. Thia would not be so serious if It were not for the “bull nose” infection in the pens. Some hog raisers avoid this trouble by pulling or clipping the tusks of a number of the pigs, but this does not always keep them free from infection. “Bull nose” is a fatal disease. I