Evening Republican, Volume 21, Number 223, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 5 October 1917 — Page 2

War Methods Changing

by Ex-Governor Hoard

Against our will, we have been forced into the greatest conflict ever known. Our' national life and liberties and those of our children are at stake, and we are In this war with very meager preparation. JFortunjQjt ly in the last three years to supply the* allies we have learned how to mannfacture In large quantity guns, munitions and other war supplies. This has given us tens of thousands of mechanics and artisans so trained that a large output of these war necessities can be quickly had. This war has made clear what we all ought to have known and that Is that the volunteer system of service utterly falls In a crisis, besides being obviously unjust and undemocratic. Experience .shows there is only one plan that will work and that is universal military training and service. Aside from the training that will now be given the men called by the selective draft, we must permanently adopt the plan of giving every young man before he enters a business career at least six months of Intensive training to build up his physique and develop him in strength and virility. Nothing else will do so much for him; these men to be subject to call for service, and they should be made available for any kind of service necessary to maintain the army and navy In time of war. It is quite as necessary to plow corn as to-dig trenches. A man may be able to render a higher service to his country behind the plow or at a lathe in a workshop thap by operating a machine gun in a battle line. Everyone must be brought to understand that he owes a duty to his country th*t 4n a crisis mast be paid in personal service of such kind as the country may require of him. No matter what that service may be, six months of intensive military training Is the best possible preparation he can have for it. In return for the blessings and opportunities of freedom we enjoy, we owe our country a duty that must be paid even if life must be sacrificed. We have no right to shirk responsibility and endeavor to place theburden upon others. us. Germany is a mighty foe and to defeat her we must go the limit. If we do not win, liberty and popular government may be lost to the world. There Is one lesson we must now learn, that we should have learned years ago, and that Is never again to be caught In a position where we are so completely unready to defend ourselves. We must adopt and permanently maintain universal military training. Without this our national life will never be secure. There is no —assurance that the present will be the last war. Such predictions have been made after every war. There is only one way and that is to be strong and ready. It Is quite probable that If we had been prepared the kaiser would not have trampled upon our rights and we would not have been forced into this awful war. Now that we are in, we must go through to the end and the harder we fight the sooner it will be over. ~

POULTRY POINTERS

When chicks are confined to a limited range, the ground should be spaded up at frequent intervals, so as to provide fresh ground for them to scratch in. Any pullet that does not begin laying before the first Extremely cold weather will seldom lay many eggs during December and January. On the farm where pullets have plenty of range, hopper feeding gives very satisfactory results; that is, certain food is put into a self-feeding hopper where it is always available. there is no economy in giving only one kind' of feed, because, fowls and chicks need a variety in order to get the required amount of the different kinds of nourishment. ■ A dirty water dish offers a good chance for the distribution of disease germa, and all dishes should be cleanod and scalded with boiling water frequently during hot weather. Unless there is plenty of gravel or other grit which the fowls can pick up about the place, they should always have a box of commercial grit where they can reach it time, for grit is necessary for perfect digestion. ‘Geese do not need shelter except during cold winter weather, when open sheds may be provided. As the weather changes in the fall IL is poor policy to let the pullets roost outside. . Frosts and chilling winds retard their ronm aerioHs setback from which they are slow to recover. If your flock is penned up, do not neglect the meat constituent- of the ration. k -- ——* i - The chief danger in feeding oats lies in the hulls. It is too expensive to buy hulled oats, and about the only way to eliminate the trouble is to soak the oats, or. still better, sprout them. Poultry uses feed more economically probably than any, other class of farm animals when it Is carefully handled. y , Mites can -easily be eradicated by apraying with common kerosene plus ls» |w>r cent crude? carbolic odd <OO

M’GRAW STILL HOPES JIM THORPE MAY LEARN TO HIT

Giant Leader Seems Obsessed With Idea That Big Iridian May Yet Become Great Ball Player. There is something about Jim Thorpe that John McGraw can’t resist. The Giant leader has sent Thorpe on his way several times since he signed him in 1913, but has always brought him back to the Giant fold for another trial. McGraw appears to be obsessed with the idea that some day Thorpe is going to make a wonderful ball player. He has “made Thoiiie a sort of a hobby and nothing would please - him “better than being able to teach the big Indian hovi- to hit major league pitching consistently. When Thorpe was sent to the Reds early in the season everyone thought it was a final farewell Insofar as the Giants wore concerned. But when Mathewson finally turned him back to the NewYeritelub, in- -August.McGraw decided to keep him on the payroll, and as a result Jim became one of the ellglbles for the world’s series. Lucky for J'horpe? Well, rather. Any other manager in the two big leagues would have turned Jim over to some minor league club without a moment’s hesitation, and he would have watched the world’s series from the outside. In everything but hitting Jim Thorpe is a very capable ball player. He fields well and runs the bases well. He can cover outfield territory with less effort than the average fielder, and he is by no means the slowest thinker in the big leagues today. But when it comes to walloping the ball" Jim’ Is lacking. A curve ball will cause Jim to tie himself into a bow knot, and every pitcher In the National league is Jerry to his weakness. Now and then Thorpe gets liold of a fast one, and when he does it Is tough on the fences, for he Is a long-fly hitter. But the trouble is that Jim doesn’t hit ’em often enough to be of much use

Women to Replace Men in Industry

The only method of solving the labor shortage here is the solution which was accepted by. Europe. Gradually women will be more and more drafted into industries.- In England over 7,000 went out to harvest the crops. Into every industry they swarmed night and day to keep the wheels going. However, we must profit by the bitter experience that England and France suffered when they overworked their women and even their children. We must protect our women from a universal breakdown by providing proper conditions- wages. Only thus will we be able to get the full output from the woman worker without injury to her. It is interesting to note that the army and navy have lately announced that wherever woman applicants can take the place of men m the routine work they will be given the preference. This is significant of the tendency in other departments. It is also the tendency of the big manufacturers and merchants. Banks have replaced their clerks with women railroads have put in woman operators, munitions plants are training women so as to gradually release their men for service. Women have proved in France and England that they are courageous and eager to bear their share in war. We did not think of women as soldiers yet the recent example of the Russian women’s legion has thrilled’those watching for Russia to find herself as one of the most interesting factors.

Mother’s Cook Book.

Strong is that man, he only strong, To whose well-ordered will belong. For service and delight. All powers that in face of wrong Establish right. Something Different. An omelet may become as obsolete as auk’s eggs unless feed becomes cheaper and more people keep hens. For the fortunate ones who keep a hen here is something good to try: Omelet Lattard. Put a cupful of dried bacon in a hnt fryirrg pan. add a cupful of eggplant cut in dice, with half a cupful of apple, cook all together and season with salt and pepper. When done remove the ingredients with a skimmer and add the fresh eggs, using the desired number to serve, add a tablespoonful of cold water for every egg and cook as usual. Just before turning the omelet, add the cooked ingredients and fold; dish up quickly and serve at once. v Butter Cakes. __ Other shortening may be used in place of butter! with good results. The fat of chicken Or many of the cooking oils answer very well. Take a cupful of butter, two cupfuls of brown sugar, jthreel cupfuls of flour, two tablespoonfuls of cinnamon, and one egg. Cream the butter, add the sugar, cinnamon ami egg, then a little flour at A tfrhe a nd Knead ’untti well mixed. Roll out on a cake board one-quarter of an Inch thick and cut with a cake cutter. Bake in a hot oven until browp. These are delicious to serve with tea. t v — Marshmallow Pineapple. Take a half pound of marshmallows and cut them in quarters, pour over them , a can of shredded pineapple,

THE EVENING REPUBLICAN. RENSSELAER. ,INlj.

as a regular, for the outfielder whe falls to htt has no business In the lineup of a major league club. '' Thorpe is one of the most wonderfully developed athletes In the game today. He is big, powerful, and fast on his feet. His fame as a star on track and field and on the gridiron is.well-teown r but his fame as a bull player is a minus quantity. Thorpe Is twenty-seven years old. He was born at Tucson, Arlz., in 1890, and he stands 5 feet 11 Inches In

Jim Thorpe.

height and weighs 185 pounds. He got his A. B. C.’s In baseball at Carlisle, mid before signing with the Giants he played with Wilmington, N. C.: Rocky Mount. Fayette and Beaumont. Since he first came to the New York clulr he has prayed wnTi - Jersey City, Harrisburg and Milwaukee, and although he always hits well in the minor leagues his bat fails him when he faces big league slabbers. Lucky Jim Thorpe? Yea, Bo!

dust with powdered sugar and let stand. When ready to serve, whip a cupful of cream and cover the top of the pudding. ■ Marshmallow Parfait. Make a sirup by boiling together two cupfuls of sugar and one cupful of water until It spins a thread, then pour it boiling hot on the stiffly beaten -whites of two eggs and continue beating to a smooth, creamy mass. Gradually add one pint of whipped cream. Flavor with’ rose extract and freeze to a mufeh, add one cupful of nutmeats and cut-up marshmallows. Continue freezing until smooth, packing in ice, and salt for two hours to ripen.

A Sufficient Excuse.

“Eh-yah!” agreed the,,.landlord of tho Petunia tavern. “Our streets are in pretty bad condition. After every rain they are practically quagmires, interspersed with the automobiles of i plutocrats and the wagons of honest husbandmen stuck in the mud like plums in a pudding. Of course, Wu have held several mass meetings aht denounced the outrage in no uncertalt tones, and appointed committees, and so forth, but we really haven’t done anything etoe yet. You see, it seems likely that some of our boys will have to' go into the frenches in France, and we feel that it Is Just as well for ’em to have a chance to get used to it here at home.”—Kansas City Star.

Exclusive.

Mrs. Nurttcb —Yes, our son Reginak is to go away to boarding school soon His father-will go next week to takt the entrance examinations. Mrs. Lesscoin —His father! _• Mrs. Nuritch—Yes; the school Is very select one, you know, and no one is admitted unless his father is worth at least twenty million.

NEW WAR PLANES IO CARRY 19 HEN

| - —A__ * - *-"V Britain Sends Us Plans for Grants of Air to Be Built Here. WILL PARALYZE THE ENEMY Great Number of The«e Craft to Make Impossible Re-enforcement of German Lines—Engines Very —— Powerful. London. —American airplane manufacturers are in possession of working models anfi' blueprints of aero motors leveloped &y and France during years of warfare. The United States airplane factories have received gratis the secrets of new alloys, and improvements in construction which previous tn Am price’s entry into the war could not be bought at any price-secrets that were guarded with men’s lives and were never mentioned beyond the doors of certain offices. Personal messengers have left England by every departing steamship; mail bags have been filled with priceless blueprints and cable dines have been jammed with messages, all bearing on the development of the American itlr squadron. 2 The governments of France and Great Britain know that upon the efforts made on the other side of the Atlantic within the next six months depends the fate of the armies afield. Important above everything else in the struggle for victory Is the airplane, which must be produced in myriads, and the task now falls squarely to Uncle Sam. Doubters Are In Minority. "There are doubting - Thomases on grandiosestatements coming from New York and Washington and who assert that even if the United States organizes for the aerial construction program the product will be so Inferior that it will be useless for actual fighting. Fortunately these doubters are In the minority. Officials and men in a position to know what already has been done are highly optimistic. They believe that American methods applied to the manufacture of air craft will result in just as good a product as is now coming from factories organized here shortly after the war started; Despite all the lurid prophecies regarding the great fleet of airplanes that eventually will lay waste the principal German cities, the experienced airmen on this side only hope for thousands of machines with which to fight the German armies in the field. The success which America’s efforts are to insure will come only wh£n the allied armies in France have sufficient airplanes to retain mastery of the air and to patrol every mile of the territory immediately ’behind the German lines. When the day finally arrives, Germany will not be able to move a train back of the lines and to move reserves will be impossible. She will be unable to feed the men-Avho are in the first lines. Her heavy artillery will be silenced and In the end her entire fighting forces made useless. The way will then become one of movement, with the chances for together on the side of the allies. There are various types of airplanes which will be manufactured in America that are already being used In France. of unbelievable power are being put Into the newest type

of plane. The averh'ge American is more or less familiar with automobile engines add has some idea of what weight of engine will develop 100 horsepower. If this average American were to look at some of the newest air motors he probably would judge them Yo be ten or 15-horsepower. In fact, he could lift some of the engines unaided and would probably be astounded to learn that such a machine was capable of developing not 100, but 150horsepower. Every newspaper reader in the United States has been well informed of the plans for building airplanes, but it Is doubtful if one in a thousand can picture the size of some of the planes that eventually will be loaded on transports at the Atlantic piers. The cor-, respondent has had an opportunity in the last few weeks of inspecting the newest type of aircraft; the type that will be turned out in vast numbers by America, and Itls bigger in every way and more powerful than laymen imagine. To begin with, the body of the new machine resembles in many ways a big motor launch.’ Its under part is rounded and beautifully constructed of finely grained wood. It is so big that to enter it one must clamber up a ladder and go down through a hatchway as big as the cabin door of a motor yacht. It is of the biplane type and from tip to tip of each wing -there is room enough for a dosjen men to He out full length. Its two motors will develop 600 horsepower and their combined weight is so little compared to Jhe power that the actual figures would look untruthful in print. Where the -phi this machine carries tons. Can Carry Nineteen Men. This new plane is manned by a pilot, two or three observers, a forward gunner, a bomb-droppepp® mechanic ahd. If necessary, a dozen passengers. It has an electrical-lighted passageway leading from one compartment to another. The flooring of one compartment is a strongly constructed grating through which the occupants can view the earth below. The sides of two of the compartments are built to open and u£ord a view of the surrounding

clouds, or. In case of combat, of the enemy planes. When' the leviathan motors are started their roar Is aweinspiring, and the wind from the propellerssends backward a blast in front of which a strong man would find difficulty tn remaining erect. Thls’ls a picture which must be impressed upon the public mind if the great mass qf the people is tn realize what the United States Is going to do. The.task set for the American workers is not that of turning out light, hurriedly built scouting machines to the number of tens of thousands, but to construct carefully with the last degree of ingenuity the highly developed war craft needed in modern; battles. That is what England expects of her newest ally and what she has striven valiantly to teach authorities across the Atlantic! The vast technical detail developed by continuous fighting in the air has been turned over entire so that the United States begins the work with the most favorable chances of success. The invention of some new fighting machine after the manner of the tank Is what all Europe expects of America, and they expect to see the new machines, airplanes or walking seaplanes or flying torpedo boats come to France fully manned, nicknamed and prepared to Ahrow new terrors into the heart of an enemy who Invented terrorism. — New York Sun.

UNCLE SAM AT PEACE TABLE

This Government Will Be in Position to Dictate Terms When Time for Negotiation Comes. Washington. —President Wilson’sreply to Pope Benedict’s peace proposal has temporarily halted the widespread demand for a definite statement of the, war aims of the United s “The purposes of the United States in this war are known to the whole world —to every people to whom the truth has been permitted to come,” the president said in his reply to the pope. “They do not need to be stated again.” In his Flag day address the president said the reasons for America’s entrance into the war must be apparent to every thinking man. Still, there is confusion in the minds of many Americans. The attempt of the commlttee on public information to clear up this confusion with its pamphlet, "“How -the War‘Came to America,” was only partly successful. “I shall not discuss here how America came, into this war,” Secretary of War Baker told the Fort Myer reserve officers on the day of their graduation. “That issue is settled for the American people. Our task now is to plan for victory." In these words Secretary Baker summed up the attltiide of all Washington officials. There are others, however, who believe the reasons for America’s entrance into the war have a very Important beaming on peace and on the future history of the world. Just as there were underlying causes of the European conflict that never have been mentioned in the official documents, so there were causes for America’s entrance into the war that were slighted in the president’s address. One of these causes Is generally believed to have been that France was “bled white” and that the allies were in danger of defeat. Many Americans find the best justification America’s entering Into" in the statement that “we went in to save France.” This-notion was given a severe Jolt; when Andre Tardieu, the French purchasing commissioner in the United States, made public his letter to Secretary Baker giving statistics on the present military strength of the French republic. With facts and figures supplied by the French war Office, Tardieu disproved the theory that France was “bled white.” One of the highest officials of the United States government said it was not true that the allies were in danger of defeat just before America entered the war. * France and England both could have held out for years and it was very doubtful, he said, that the German war machine could ever have achieved a military decision over the allies. . The United States, the president believed, would be in no posltlon to assert its views at the peace conference if it remained a neutral. It was the avowed intension of leaving matters such as disarmament and an international organization to prevent future wars to a congress that would follow the peace conference. The president believed that guarantees for the future would be the only results that would make the three years of fighting worth while, and that they should be made an integral part of the peace treaties. By the entrance of the United States, President Wilson became the world leader. It was made certain that by the aid rendered the allies the United States would be in a position to dominate the peace conference and to force that convention to accept Its views. Thus it would seem to be established that the real underlying cause for America’s entrance into the war was not to succor an alliance in danger of defeat, but to insure and to dictate if necessary a just and lasting peace. There is reason to believe that the allies will be forced to accept terms of, peace that they never would have considered but for the Influence of the United States. And by the same token there is ground for hoping that through the United States the world will, in fact, be “made safe for democracy."

ROW UNCLE SAM TRAINS FLYERS

Student Aviators at Mineola Field Learn to Worry the Germans. SOME TESTS OF SKILL SHOWN Men Go Up About Half Mile, Then “Slide” Down at Sharp Angle— And, Say, This Is No Job for Nervous Man. Mineola, L. I—While hundreds of thousands of men in America are learning how to jab bayonets through German soldiers in a leisurely manner, some of the most promising embryo officers of the American forces are here learning how to destroy Boche blrdinen. To judge by their training, they will do the job both efficiently and quickly. * Under the direct supervision of Bert Acosta, one of America’s most successful civilian aviators, scores of candidates for commissions in the aviation section of the Army Signal corps are being taught to extricate themselves from the most dangerous positions imaginable while several thousand feet from the ground. For military reasons it Is forbidden for details of the fighting Instruction for aviators td be made public. Here however, Is an illustration of the dangerous situations the aviators are being put through: While about two thousand feet- above ground, with the machine going nearly straight up, let her quietly slip backward and downward, tail first, for 75 or 100 feet, then get the machine under control again, go up still higher, and try it once more. It’s quite easy—that is. it is easy to watch Bert Acosta or Edward Holterman, his first assistant, pull it off. All you have to do is to let the machine drop backward and downward until you feel that you have gone far enough, then pick up speed and make her go upward again. Simple I

Another simple little test of—your skill as an aviator is to ride up 2,000 or 8.000 feet, then comp down in a... spiral, with the wings of the machine almost vertical. Acosta recommends this for nervous persons. Notwithstanding the apparent recklessness of the flyers, each “stunt” is carried out in an absolutely scientific manner. Instead of courting danger for “the fun of it” the aerial movements are carefully planned with the factor of safety always being among the first things Considered. Nothing is undertaken for exhibition purposes excepLto demonstrate how to escape death over the battlefield. “To fly around putting the machine nt all kinds of angles and going through all the* manipulations may appear silly and dangeroiis,” Acosta said. “As a matter of fact. It is the only safe thing to do wheh you are abdve an enemy’s battlefield. “Infantry officers in our training camps are telling their men that ‘lgnorance courts death, in a battle with bayonets. In the aviation service ignorance is certain death.” High in the ranks of the men seeking commissions in the aviation corps stands Capt. Cushman A. Rice, veteran of half a dozen wars on the American continent and a former member of the general staffs of three brigadier generals of the American army. Captain Rice, “The Cuban Millionaire,” made a fortune in Cuba following his resignation as a captain of infantry in the regular army in 1902. He is temporarily a sergeant in the corps of men slated to receive commissions. Recently he told how it feels when you make your first flight in an airplane. “When Mr. Holterman, who was driving the machine, and myself were gliding along about 1,200 feet up, for some unaccountable reason I felt a strong desire to leave my seat and walk out on one of the wings to learn how it felt out there. I don’t know why it was, but I felt that desire so strongly for about ten minutes that I almost had ,to go. “Really you feel quite safe and secure, no matter how high you go, when you have confidence in the man driving the airplane—or when you are driving it yourself, if you really understand running it. Everything is so new and different way up there that you do not have time to think of being afraid." Captain Rice will be among those whose time to go to France is rapidly approaching. Captain Rice stands out as a mm, who took the hard road to a commission, although he could have had on« without working for it. Notwlthstancb ing the fact that he could have become a lieutenant colonel of .infantry, because of his military record, he chose to enlist in the aviation corps and work for his commission, which he will receive at the end of the regular five months’ training period. His military record includes participation in three Latin-American revolutions, the Spanish-American war as a captain in the regular army, the Philippine campaign in command of a detachment of mounted scouts and service in China. A number of (candidates here are awaiting commissions, which have been authorized, and will shortly leave for France to go into the last stages of their training over there. Additional candidates from the various ground schools will replace them.