Evening Republican, Volume 21, Number 210, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 20 September 1917 — Page 2

SELF HELPS for the NEW SOLDIER

By a United States Army Officer

(OoprrlfbL. I<lT. Dy th* WbMler Syndicate, IncJ COMPANY ADVANCE. iPfe. Up to the point of encountering the enemy’s fire, a company advances into an engagement in close order, whether for attack or defense. The usual formation, because of its mobility, is the , column of squads. The column of squads has the double advantage of affording a convenient front for projgrwming along roads and through comparatively narrow spaces, such as ravines, declivities, or breaks in the trees, and of being at all times convertible Into any other formation desired. The company is deployed upon reaching the zone of hostile fire for the protection of the men, but it may then continue to advance without returning the fire, depending upon the immediate circumstances. The use of “a succession of thin lines” Is a frequent matter of facilitating the advance. This reduces the losses which would otherwise be incurred if the company were deployed by greatly diminishing the man-front offered to the enemy and proportionately Increasing the intervals between individuals. Thus, if the enemy knew that a unit was advancing, and had reason to believe from the apparent extent of its front that it was deployed, he would probably spread his fire accordingly. At all events, if the unit were approaching under cover, or partial cover, he would be compelled to assume that it is deployed if he had indications of the width of the front, in order to cover the whole area with his fire. Meanwhile, the company might be advancing in columns of single or double file, with Intervals between equal to the intervals between the centers of squads or platoons in deployment. This succession of thin lines, known as “platoon or squad columns,” may otherwise facilitate the advance by allowing foq the passage of the company through rough or bushy territory; it also affords a better opportunity to take advantage of cover. The two latter factors are perhaps more importantthan the first with the squad, at least if the advance is against machine guns, for a machine gun, if it had a comparatively unobstructed range, could render the unit’s entire front untenable, whether it were in squad columns, or were advancing in line of skirmishers. Platoon however, moving as they do outside the area of a burst of single shrapnel (about 20 yards) may greatly reduce the losses when under artillery fire, or even under machine guns. The choice of the method of advance is made by the captain, or by the major, if the company is with a battalion, and will depend upon the conditions at hapd. If it develops that the deployment itself is premature, it is generally found best to assemble the company and proceed in close order. Advancing in the fire attack, as we have already seen, may be accomplished by sending forward deployed squads or platoons in a series of rushes. If this is by squads, at command, the first squad (on the right) follows its corporal, running at top speed to the point indicated by the captain, where it halts and finds cover, usually flat on the ground. When the first fraction of the company has thus established Itself on the line, follbwing the command, “By platoon (two platoons, squad or four men) from the right (left), rush,” the next fraction is sent forward by its platoon leader without further command from the captain until the whole company is on the line established by the first rush.

PLATOON AND SQUAD COLUMNS.

Having learned the principle of the advance as conducted by platoon or squad columns —the “succession of thin lines’’—it is now necessary to see how this is to be done. Being in skirmish line, at the command, “Platoon columns, march,” the platoon leaders move forward through the center of their respective platoons. When the company is deployed, the platoon leader is posted in the rear of the line, in order to control the fire of his men. Having moved through the center of his platoon, the men to the right of Rhe platoon leader (as he passes through the line) march to the left and follow him in single file; likewise, those on the left march to the right. This constitutes a double column of files, which is now conducted by the platoon leader. Platoon guides follow in the rear. .

The command, “Squad columns, march,” is executed in a similar way. Each squad’ leader moves to the front, and the members of his squad oblique toward him and follow in single file at easy marching distances. f To reiterate what was said in the last article, platoon columns are profitably used where the ground is so difficult and the cover so limited as to make it desirable to take advantage of a few favorable routes, and no, two platoons should march .within the area of a burst of a single shrapnel. Squad columns are of value principally in expediting progress over rough or brushgreen ground. To deploy platoon or squad columns, the command is, “As skirmishers, march.” Skirmishers then move to the right or left front successively and place themselves in their original positions in line. From platoon or squad columns, the company is thus assembled. At the command, “Assemble. march,” the platoon or squad leaders' signal “Assem-

ble” by moving the arm in quick circles above the head; at this, the men of each platoon or squad, as the case may be, advance, and moving to the right or left, take their proper places in line. Each unit assembles on the leading element of the column and re-forms in line. Platoon or squad leaders conduct their units toward the point indicated by the captain, and to their places in line. The company is reformed in line. * Another method whereby the advance may be accomplished by a “succession of thin lines” is as follows: The captain points out in advance the selected position to be occupied, which is generally from 100 to 250 yards to •the front, depending upon the terrain and the character of the hostile fire. The captain gives the command, “(Such numbers) forward, march!” The man designated by this number in each squad—“ No. 1” for examplemoves to the front until he reaches the new line. In this line, the original intervals are preserved as nearly as practicable. The next number in each squad is sent forward when the first has advanced a suitable distance —the distances between these thin advancing lines are purposely made irregular. Each,number halts upon arriving at the new line.

ADVANCING ACROSS WIDE STRETCHES EXPOSED TO FIRE. The advance in such a succession of thin lines as that described in the last article is used to progress across a wide stretch which is swept, or in danger of being swept, by artillery fire, or by long-range rifle fire. In short, this type of advance is undertaken in places exposed to a fire which it would be profitless to return. The advance by short rushes would both be costly (because of the comparative concentration of the men in the fire-swept area) and impracticable, since to return rifle fire against artillery wo’fld be futile. It would be almost equally futile against long-range rifle fire. However, when the thin lines have advanced, as was said before, from 100 to 250 yards, they may then be in a better position to return the fire. The purpose of this movement is .to build up a strong skirmish line at a point where it may engage in a fire fight, and to build it up with the minimum cost. -This method, while advantageous from certain standpoints, also has its drawbacks. Because, during the progress of the advance, there is almost entire loss of control over the company. Each individual Is left to his own initiative in reaching the new line, but unless otherwise specified, the advance is conducted at quick time, and there is a general uniformity of movement. Yet the seriousness of the loss of control depends very largely upon the previous training and discipline of the company. If this has been of the proper kind, and the company is sufficiently grounded in discipline, teamwork, and esprit de corps, it will continue to assert itself even when the man is proceeding across the exposed area alone.

It is precisely the same as with a back-field player on a football eleven: He is alone, his responsibility is single, generally speaking, but at that he never loses his consciousness of teamplay and the essential co-ordination of his efforts with those of the rest of his team. Against the possible disadvantage of a temporary loss of control over the company, moreover, is the more than compensating advantage that such an advance is less likely to draw fire. This is not only Important from the standpoint of casualties, but would in itself reduce the degree in which such control may be lost. In other words, it would be even more difficult to retain control over a deployed company which is subject to a withering fire than over a company advancing in a succession of thin lines, if the fire is scattering and ineffectual. .... The war in Europe has ill many Respects cancelled previous theories of combat. In view of such developments the regulations specifically state that other and better formations may be devised to fit particular cases. But this basic principle remains: “The best formation is the one which advances the line furthest with the least loss of men, time and control.” Training in the existing regulations for extended order work, therefore, schools the young soldier In the underlying purpose of the fire attack, and after comprehending this, he can much more easily adapt himself to any special methods which conditions may require.

Clay Figures for Movies.

In a new style of moving pictures little clay models of human figures are used to represent the actors. The result, when seen on the screen, is bothstartling "and amusing, the tiny clay figures seeming to walk, jump and go through all the motions of talking and singing, as if actually alive. Such pictures are called animated sculpture. They owe their origin to a woman sculptor of New York, whose clayfolk, as she calls them, are photographed in a succession of slightly different poses, each specially modeled to carry out the action of a regular scenario or film story. The process of molding the figures is slow and laborious, as 16 different poses are required to make a foot of film. Thus if the action of the story calls for four actors in the picture, a film of ordinary length, say 200 feet, requires the careful molding by the sculptor’s hands of at least 12,800 different poses for the clay figures. In some scenes, however, only slight changes are needed to give the necessary animation, these being quickly made by the deft touch of the sculptor.—Popular Mechanics Magazine.

THE EVENING REPUBLICAN, RENSSELAER, IND.

AT GREAT LAKES TRAINING STATION

Fathers aneF mothers, If your boys have the honor to be accepted by our Uncle Sam for his navy for four years, be assured that when the youngsters are discharged they will possess a very valuable industrial training that will help them get on prosperously In civil life. This picture shows a group es student seamen at Great Lakes Naval Training station, in Illinois, building a hydroairplane on the shore of Lake Michigan for use in training naval aviators. Leading to construct such a delicate and expensive, machine, the boys will learn also the fundamentals of gas-engine building, electrical engineering, mathematics, wood-working, metal forging, aerodynamics, physics and chemistry. The youth accepted for Uncle Sam’s navy is fortunate indeed!

War Bread Circular

Since shortage of wheat made the price of flour soar, housewives of the country have been seeking a substitute for white flour. The most practical substitutes are whole wheat flour, shorts, cottonseed meal and cornmeal since they all make palatable bread and may be obtained in most markets. At present prices these materials may be substituted for flour at a decided saving in the cost of bread. The University of Missouri College of Agriculture has recently issued Agricultural Extension Service Circular 25 which discusses a number of substitutes for white flour and offers recipes for making war breads. Some of the breads which may be made by substituting different materials for all or a part of the flour are whole wheat bread, shorts bread, cornmeal and wheat bread, shorts cookies, cottonseed meal gingerbread, corn dodgers and Boston brown bread. ' Whole wheat flour has been suggested as a substitute for white flour because it offers opportunity for utilizing as human food parts of the wheat grain which were formerly used exclusively for other purposes. Only about 72 per cent of the wheat grain is used for white patent flour. The rest is sold as bran or shorts for stock food. Whole wheat flour contains about 85 per cent of the wheat grain. This means that a given supply of wheat made into whole wheat flour will feed a larger number of people than the same amount of wheat made into white flour. . Whole wheat bread is a better food than white bread because it contains' a larger percentage of the mineral matter and other valuable food constituents than the white bread. Both whole wheat and graham flour have the added advantage of containing a large proportion of the coarse fiber of the wheat.

Shorts has also been suggested as a substitute for white flour. It may be used in any proportion up to threefourths shorts and one-fourth white flourx It produces a dark, somewhat heavy texture bread which has a pleasant nutty flavor. Shorts may be used in combination with white flour in griddle cakes, muffins, bread and cake, and in combination with cornmeal in Boston brown bread. Persons who desire copies of the circular on war breads may obtain them by addressing the College of Agriculture, Columbia, Mo,

EPIGRHYMES:

I don’t pretend to be the sort of hero that he was, for Nathan Hale thought ONLY of his flag: I’m glad because there’s deep within my heart a shame-faced feeling of REGRET THAT I am not quite man enough to die like that —not yet. We HAVE BUT ONE LIFE, rich or poor; myself, I have one prayer—that when I come TO LOSE it, they , will say, “That man was There!” And so I’ll give my services, FOR, ’neath his flag and mine, MY love of COUNTRY ought to grow like his —almost Divine. Robert Russell. "I only regret that I have but one life to lose for my country."

(Copyright, 1917, by Int’l press Bureau.)

Are You Particular?

If you want to make anything of yourself you must be particular. You set the standards by which you will be known. If your tastes are high grade you won’t be able to put wjrwftlr things below par. Once let it be known that you tolerate inferior things and a grasping world will see that they are thrust upon you. To receive proper respect you must be particular. See to it that only the best is given you and people will soon come up to your demands. Require honorable conduct in your presence, and your friends will see to it that you get what you ask. It pays to be particular. —Exchange.

Whimsical McGraw.

Al Demaree’s return to the Giants is another evidence of the eccentric whims of John McGraw. When Demaree went to Philadelphia in a trade with the New York club, Gotham fans thought they had seen the last of him in a Giant uniform, for McGraw seldom turns a player loose unless he is satisfied that the player has outlived his usefulness as a Giaut, and he seldom calls a man back. Because of this Demaree’s “come back” marks a peculiar turn in the administration of the Giants. Only a

Al Demaree.

few times in the history of the Giants under McGraw’s management has a player been sold or traded and later brought back to the fold. Herzog is serving his third term as a Giant. He was brought back from Boston and later turned loose to manage the Cincinnati club. After his fling as a manager in Cincy Buck figured in the trade for Mathewson. Red Murray came back, having been sent to the Cubs, but at that was not considered as a likely candidate for a regular job. Demaree may well consider himself a lucky player, although he is to be given some credit, too. When McGraw turned Steamer Al over to the Phils it was spid that he had lost confidence in Demaree’s ability to hold his nerve under fire. The cartoonist-

SOME SMILES

A Lost Opportunity.

One Resemblance. “Here you have scattered bullets all over the range. Thought you said you were like lightning with a rifle.” “Well, lightning never hits twice in the same place.” They Might. “My shoes wear out too darn quick.” “Why don’t you get a pair of them heavy shoes?” “I should think they’d be apt to pinch a chap.” ■ —— ' tr —■ — ■ —— Their Advantage. “I don’t see how anybody can fall out with street car conductors.” “Why not?” “Because they view everything in such a fare light” “Somewhere." Mollie (who has been naughty and condemned to “no toast”)—Oh, mummy, anything but that 1 I’d rath-

Hindenburg (gloomily)— Calling my strategic lines by Wagnerian names doesn’t seem to have done any good. Kaiser (peevishly)—Of course it didn’t. If you wanted to frighten off the enemy with Wagner why didn’t you have the regimental bands play the music? ——

pitcher was knocked out of the box in a number of games which McGraw thought he had no reason for losing, and he put Al down as a player without much backb<ae. But when Demaree became known as a Giant killer, by virtue of numerous victories over the New York club after Muggsy turned him loose, Jawn promptly changed hjs mind and jumped at the change to trade KI 1 duff for him. The Demaree-Kilduff deal was made at a time when McGraw was beginning to look at the spurt of the Reds and Cardinals with an apprehensive eye. He decided that he could sacrifice an infielder for a pitcher of Demaree’s caliber, and at the time the Giant staff was going none too good. As a member of the Cubs, Steamer Al had little to look forward to. Mitchell’s team was out of the pennant race by the middle of July, and, wfth the White Sox struggling for the American league pennant, the chances of a city series and the resultant financial fruit was considered slim at the time the deal was made. Demaree is lucky, and all that, but it must be remembered that he pitched his way back to the Giant berth.

Transferring Photos to Wood.

A method of transferring pictures to wood is given in the Electrical Experimenter by V. C. Mcllvaine, as follows: Dissolve salt in soft water; float your photo print on the surface, picture side up;, let it remain an hour. The wood should be of bird’s-eye maple or other light-colored hardwood. Varnish with the best copal or transfer varnish. Take the picture from the water, dry a little between linen rags; then put the engraving, picture side down, on the varnished wood, and smooth It nicely. If the picture entirely covers the wood after the margin is cut off, so that no varnish Is exposed; lay over It a thin board and heavy weight; leave It thus over night. If you wish but a small picture In the center of the wood apply the varnish only to a space the size of the picture. Dip your forefinger In salt and water, and commence rubbing off the paper; the nearer you come to the picture the more careful you must be, as a hole would spoil your work.

Wise and Unwise.

The keener the critic the more cutting the criticism. Time and silence often succeed where all other agencies fall. A thing of comfort Is seldom a joy to the woman of fashion. .1 It’s easier to play on a hand organ than on some people’s sympathy. A woman’s most amiable fault is her inclination to believe everything a man tells her. Since the war began the babies are up In arms and opinions are fired at random. The patriotism of some men is limited to red, white and blue poker chips. There are times when the brave deserve Immunity from the fair. The wife who chases, her husband with a poker rules him with a rod of Iren. Darwin’s theory may be all right, but lots of men make monkeys of themselves. When a woman calls her husband a fool he habitually pleads guilty on the ground that he married her. The liquid voice of a voluble woman would probably be prized more if she would occasionally turn off the flow. A man may be too old* to enlist, but his age never keeps him from going to the front when there is a spectacular show in town. A refrigerator made of concrete cools by the action of water flowing over the sides of the device.

er have a hard Smack —anywhere you like. —Punch. Not His Fault. The Sire —No, I won’t let you .marry my daughter. You can’t earn your salt. w The Suitor —And yet you. also complain of my being too fresh. Home Exhibition. “Wouldn’t you love to see those tanks in France wobbling along?” “I don’t have to go to France. I can see one every time the old man comes home late.” » - - On His Estate. Willis—What sort of a man is he? Gillis —Well, if he had a country estate he’d have the katydids saying “Katy done it," before a week was up. Literal Ennui. “He’s dangling that big watch of his to amuse the baby because he didn’t know what to do with himself.” “Yes, I see time Is hanging heavily on his hands.”

No Complaint.

“What are we going to do about the scarcity of meat?" “Don’t say nuffln’ ’tall ’bout ft,” said Mr. Erastus Pinkley. “Es we can’t git ordinary meat we’ll be Jes’ naturally obliged to eat fried chicken."

Safety First. >Nlce Old Lady—Do you play on the piano, Harold? Little Harold—Not when maw’r. around. She’d be afraid I’d fall off.

Faith by Hearing

By REV. W. W. KETCHUM

Director of Practical Work Course, Moody Bible Institute, Chicago

TEXT—So then faith cometh by hearing 1 and hearing by the Word of God. Romans 10:7. \ Faith Is often spoken of as if it were the acceptance as true of some-

Paul, in the fifteenth of First Corinthians, in speaking of the resurrection of Christ, at once adduces evidence to support the fact of his resurrection, and on the ground of the evidence submitted that Christ is risen, he asks us to believe in the resurrection. It is a popular notion that faith is a leap in the dark, but-real faith in the Lord Jesus Christ is based upon good, substantial evidence. In fact, in order for one to believe in the Lord Jesus Christ, there must be something to believe concerning him; otherwise it would not be possible to believe in him. Faith in Christ reaches him through our faith in the facts concerning him. It is for that reason, that the Gospel is spoken of as “the power of God unto salvation to everyone that belleveth.” Of course, we know that Christ is the Savior, yet the Gospel is rightly spoken of in this way, because it is by believing the Gospel which tells us that Christ saves and how he saves, that we in thus believing commit ourselves to him as our Savior. Faith Based on Evidence. Now Paul knew that real faith is based upon evidence, and that it is not simply by urging people to believe in Christ that faith is begotten, so we read of his persuading the folks who came to him concerning Jesus Christ (Acts 28:23). This should be a lesson to us who, perhaps more frequently than we ought, depend upon exhortation to lead people to faith in Christ rather than upon evidence which calls forth faith. People should be exhorted, but they should also be persuaded.

When It speaks of Paul persuading them concerning Jesus, it does not mean that he pitted his intellect and will against theirs, and by sheer force tried to make them believe in Jesus. What he did, as we know, was to present evidence for their faith to rest upon. He did this by expounding to them “out of. the law of Moses and out of the prophets.” That is, he went to the Old Testament Scriptures and therefrom produced evidence concerning Christ’s person and work. As a result we read, “some believed the things which were spoken and some believed not” (Acts 28:24). Thus.it always Is when the evidence concerning Christ Is presented, for though the evidence be sufficient, some will not have Christ to reign over them. A Case In Point. Quite, recently, I dealt with one who professes to be an infidel, and whether <r not he really is one, he was most blatant and blasphemous in his talk. When I pressed him that honesty demanded that he fairly weigh the evidence and put Christ to the test, he .was unwilling to do sp and tried to laugh the matter, as it were, out of court. He called “the whole business,” ns he said, “a myth,” and yet I venture to say that he never with a real desire to know the truth had put himself in the way of evidence by which real faith comes. I do not mean that he had not read the Bible. I suppose he had, but I presume he read it under the blighting criticism of a Thomas Paine or a Robert Ingersoll. Who would believe even his. own good and true mother if he always looked at her through eyes of such bitter enemies as they and their ilk are of the Scriptures? Or, who would ever trust himself to his mother, if he always came to her in the spirit of criticism to find her faults and never tp discover her virtues? If a manndeslres faith, there is a way to get it. It is a divine way that never fails the one who honestly thereby seeks the Lord. It is to put oneself in the way of faith, and just as surely as one does, providing he is willing and ready to believe, faith will come to him as the gift of God.

My infidel friend whom I tried to get honestly to put himself in the wav of faith would not do it, simply because he did not want to believe. When I pressed him further, I found be had settled the matter in early youth. He had turned Christ down In a revival meeting, which he attended ns a boy, and now in maturer years he is trying to comfort himself with th® false hope that Christ is a myth. There is a time, we know not When; - A place, we know not where; That seals the destiny of man. For glory or despair. If you desire to Believe In Christ, remember that faith cometh by hearing, and hearing by the Won] of God.

thing which we have no means of knowing whether it be true or not. Such, however, is not the faith the Bible demands of us. It does not ask us to assent to any proposition as true without giving us evidence to support it Take, for instance, any fundamental fact of the Gospel and you will see that this is the case.