Evening Republican, Volume 21, Number 131, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 19 June 1917 — Page 3

TYPICAL AMBULANCE OF AMERICAN RED CROSS

Scores of motor ambulances similar to the one shown in this picture are being constructed especially for the American Red Cross. The war department has announced that it will see to it that the Red Cross has ail possible co-operation in its important field of activity.

A SLICE OF BREAD

"Many a Mickle Makes a Muckle." A single slice of bread seems an unimportant thing. In many households one or more slices of bread dally are thrown away and not used for human food. Sometimes stale quarter or half loaves are thrown out. Yet one good-sized slice of bread — such as a child likes to cut—weighs an ounce. It contains almost threequarters of an ounce of flpur. If every one of the country’s 20,000,000 homes wastes on the average only one such slice of bread a day, the country is throwing away daily over 14,000,000 ounces of flour —over 875,000 pounds, or enough flour for over a million one-pound loaves a day. For a full year at this rate there would be a waste of over 319,000,000 pounds of flour—l,soo,ooo barrels of flourenough to make 365,000,000 loaves. As it takes 4% bushels of wheat to make a barrel of ordinary flour, this ■waste would represent* the flour from over 7,000,000 bushels of wheat. ' Fourteen and nine-tenths bushels of ■wheat on the average are raised per acre. It would take the fruit of some 470,000 acres just to provide a single slice of bread to be wasted daily in every home. To produce this much flour calls for an army of farmers, railway men, flour-mill people. To get the flour to the consumer calls for many freight cars and the use of many tons of coal. But, someone says, a full slice of bread is not wasted in every home. Very well —make it a dally slice for every four or even ten or every thirty homes —make It a weekly or monthly slice in every home—or make the wasted slice thinner. The w’aste of flour involved is still appalling. Any waste of bread is declared to be Inexcusable when there are so many ways of using stale bread to cook delicious dishes.

Easter Island.

Rapa Nui, Isla de Pascua, Easter island, an arid scrap of volcanic desolation, lost in the Pacific, 2,000 miles from the South American mainland and 1,000 miles from the nearest Polynesian archipelagoes, is owned by Chile, and is leased by the government of that country to a private company, which exploits its resources and the labor of its inhabitants. The yield in dividends is not wonderful, but if the scanty products of the island were annually disposed of to meet the needs of the natives, at least a small fraction of the misery now due to twentieth century vassalage would be relieved, says the Christian Science Monitor. The island, a lonely' sentinel of Polynesia, received the name by which it is best known from*he Dutch navi-, gator, Roggenwein, who discovered it on Easter Sunday, 1721. The world, which had been told of many marvelous things in the two preceding centuries, was hardly prepared to accept what Roggenwein and his party had to tetr of Rapa Nui, and it was some time before their stories were confirmed, even to the satisfaction of the usually credulous.

Do You Know That

is the first duty of a citizen? Disease is the greatest foe to human progress? It’s the unused- body that deteriorates quickest? Fly destruction is its own reward ? A walk in the open is worth two in the house? Personal hygiene is the first requisite for community health? A small mosquito is a dangerous thing? Most of the diseases from which man suffers are peculiar to nan?

Slight Change.

Geyer—Seems like since Herb Is married he thinks only in terms of money. Dreyer—What makes you tbiqik that? Geyer—Oh,, he says that since he has taken a better half he has had to (Change his quarters.

DANGER

By George Matthew Adams.

Danger, in itself, holds great training power. For it is in times of sore distress and open Danger that the Souls of men are put to the test. Few men are born Cowards. Mostly they make themselves or are made Cowards. In the face of Danger either the Hero looms or the Coward cows. Learn to face Danger —Calmly. There are few great Soldiers, but that will admit the first impulse in going into Battle is to immediately turn and run. But once they get into Action,' mere Danger looks trivial and only the chance to prove Courageous and of Mettle, counts with them. Personal safety, to such, soon becomes the minimum thing. Learn to face Danger—-Calm-ly. We are daily beset with Danger. Danger is one of the Mystery gods. But to him who daily schools himself to EXPECT Danger, at any hour, when Danger does Come, it is to such a one, but a new Situation to meet and face and ' Conquer fortified as he is, against all thought of Cowardice. So, daily— Learn to face Danger—Calmly.

Milk and Dairy Products Are the Cheapest Foods. Says Agricultural Expert.

“Do not-buy meat until you have bought three quarts of milk a day,” is the advice of one of the foremost American authorities on nutrition. This applies to a family of two adults and three children. The advice is good, according to L. S. Palmer of the Missouri College of Agriculture, because milk at 9 cents a quart, butter at 45 cents a pound, cheese at 30 cents a pound, and cottage cheese at 15 cents a pound are still by far the cheapest human foods from animal sources. “The ration per individual for the civilian need not exceed 2,500 calories of energy and 2.5 ounces of protein a day, according to the British food controller. Three and one-half quarts of milk, or one pound; 3% ounces of cheese, costing 32% and 36% cents, respectively, will furnish this amount of energy, whereas it would be necessary to buy nearly two pounds of the cheapest cut of fresh pork, containing considerable fat, at a -cost of 45 to 50 cents, to obtain 2,500 calories of energy. As an economical source of protein it is interesting to find that 10 cents’ worth of cottage cheese, 16% cents’ worth of Cheddar cheese, and 18 cents’ worth of milk, at the foregding prices per pound will furnish 2.5 ounces of protein. The cheapest meat proteid one can buy is lean veal steak and it is necessary to buy 25 cents’ worth to obtain 2.5 ounces of protein. Eggs at 35 cents a dozen are practically on a par with lean veal. Nine eggs are required to furnish 2.5 ounces of protein. In addition to their economy dairy products have the following points in their favor: (L> There is no waste connected with their use in the household. (2) They contain valuable salts. (3) They contain other invaluable food? substances which many other foods contain either in much smaller quantities or not at all.

Do Not Touch or Wash Wound, Is Injunction of Red Cross

If the wound is touched by the hand billions of pus germs will be carried into it. If washed with water even more germs will be carried into the wound, and not only that, but the deep parts of the wound, which previously no germs had reached, will have billions of germs carried to them. Therefore do not handle or wash a wound, says the Red Cross Magazine. Even if an antiseptic solution is used, It will carry pus germs from the skin and deeper than they-have been before, and no antiseptic, such

THE EVENING REPUBLICAN, RENSSELAER, IND.

Mother’s Cook Book.

The mother who demonstrates thrift in her home, making saving rather than spending her standard, is doing much for her country even if she has no sons to send into battle. Now is the time to swat the fly as it will save the labor of swatting a million for each one a month later. Cleanliness demands that we keep files out of our homes and away from oqr food.— F —... . . To protect our health flies must be banished. They fly from sewers and filth carrying with the filth disease germs which they deposit on any food to which they have access. All perishable foods like meat, fish, milk and eggs begin to spoil when they are allowed to become warm. Bacteria and germs multiply rapidly In warm, moist food and in a few hours make it unfit. A baby may lose its life from a very small amount of spoiled food. Dust in the air carries molds, yeasts and bacteria. Food should be carefully protected from all dust. Home Canning. Grow plenty of green vegetables, planting several times during the season thus having new peas, lettuce, radishes and string beans until late in the fall. When there is a surplus of fruits or vegetables in the garden can or preserve it for winter use. Asparagus may be successfully canned at home. Be sure that the cans are perfectly sterilized with good rubbers. Blanch the asparagus by letting it stand in boiling water for a few minutes to shrink, then pack it tips up in the jar leaving an inch or two at the top. Remove the tough butts as they aYe not tender enough to serve. They may be peeled aud cooked or made into soup. Fill the jars with boiling water, allowing a level teaspoonful of salt to each quart can of asparagus. Put on the covers and do not fasten tightly. Set into a boiler and fill to the shoulder of the can with hob water and boil one hour, then remove and seal the can, let stand and the next day repeat, loosening the top each time before putting into the boiler and sealing when It is removed. Boil the cans of vegetable three days in succession, then place in a dark place for winter use. Any vegetable may be canned in this way. If one has a steam-pressure canner one cooking will serve to keep the vegetable. As canned fruits and vegetables in tins will be used largely this year as army food, we who stay at home will need to supply our own canned vegetables.

as bichloride of mercery, can be used strong enough to kill these germs, as it will also destroy the cells of the body and so make them less able to fight the germs. Peroxide is specially dangerous in deep wounds, as it carries pus germs everywhere and is not strong enough to destroy them. Placing a clean dressing, which means a dressing that has been sterilized surgically (such as the Red Cross dressing) on the wound will introduce no more germs and will not injure the delicate tissues of the body exposed in the wound. Moreover, the flow of blood and blood serum (the liquid part of the blood) will be in the direction of the dressing, so the germs will be constantly going out. This, therefore, is the way to take care of a wound.

FAVORITE OF THE FILMS

Fay Tincher.

She was born on “AU Fqols Day” and won her first recognition in the movies in comic roles, but she has graduated into more dignified parts.

Lots of 'Em.

Applicant —Have you any vacancies in your office, sir? Facetious Boss —Oh, several. My stenographer has a, vacant stare, the chief clerk has a vacant house for vent and about noon-time we aU have our little individual vacancies Which receive attention around the> corner.

THE GENTLE CYNIC

The sure things demonstrate the uncertainties of life. The man who preaches that nothing is impossible would even eat an onion and try to lie out of it. About the only time you can really size up a man is when he thinks no one is watching him. Don’t jump at conclusions. Many a man has sustained a compound fracture of the reputation that way.

JUST FACTS

One-half of all the girls between sixteen and twenty years of age in New York state work for wages. Citric, tartaric and sulphuric acids are to be manufactured at Messina, Sicily. Sicilian fruit growers are financing the venture. Oil pressed from copra, the dried meat of coconuts, is rapidly replacing animal fats in the manufacture of artificial butters in Europe. A school of aviation will be established in Lima, Peru.' The government has passed a law providing for an annual appropriation of $24,335 for its maintenance. A company of Japanese capitalists has started a plan to manufacture egg products at Tsingtau, China. Sales will be made almost exclusively to the American market. Swiss dairy cattle breeders have discontinued the feeding of oil cake to their stock because of the difficulty of obtaining this food, which was formerly Imported from France. An idea of the enormous extent of electrical industries may be gained from the fact that their annual income equals the total annual expenditures of the United States government. A radio station has been installed by the United States lighthouse service and is in operation at the Cape St. Elias light station, Alaska, now under construction. The call letters are NLQ.

WORLDLY WISDOM

Life is worth living better than most men live it. Some people appreciate beautiful things, but most people merely care for ornaments. It is good to be wise, but it is wiser to be good. Mystery’s other and equally enticing name is woman. ' Many a man thinks himself a genius because he lives by his wits. It is well to watch virtue which employs a press agent. Many Jives would be a great deal sweeter if they were not quite so sugary. If a man is unable to sleep in the morning when he should get up he has Insomnia in its worst form. Be particular about the people who praise you. The hog has a high opinion of his wallow.

FLASHLIGHTS

Unless you are doing your bit your country isn’t as strong as it might be. A woman may call it just a cheap little hat, but It’s a cinch that her husband could have bought hlipself four hats for the same money. The other fellow doesn't cut much figure with us until we have made a mistake that we want someone to share the blame for. /What answer do you make to people who never stay home, when they ask you, who also never get a chance to stay home, why you haven’t been around to call on them lately? The way some of our young folks have been hiking off to get marriage licenses nowadays one would think the papers had never printed a word about the high cost of living. ,

QUAKER QUIPS

Every man who enlists hopes to be pushed to the front. ~- Do it now. It’s never too early to jnend. Tn considering your country’s need, don’t be weak-kneed yourself. A plain duty is always more attractive after it has been dressed up a bit. Every man should do his bit, but mighty few are clamoring for two bits’ worth. The man who marries for money is apt to express his affection C. 0. D. ’ t—■ . ■ As a general rule when a man marries Ms stenographer he eeases to die tate to her.— Philadelphia Record. * * ' ■ ■ ■ /

Wilhelmshaven and Memel

WILHELMSHAVEN, the scene of a terrific explosion which Is supposed to have wrought great damage to the imperial docks and shipyards recently, is one of the two most Important naval stations of the German empire, says a bulletin of the National Geographic society. Only sixty-five years ago the site of this now strongly fortified town of 35,000 inhabitants given over chiefly to shipyards, dry docks, fitting out harbors, iron foundries, boiler foundries and boiler factories, was a desolate, low-lying, marshy tract of land on the edge of a shallow inlet of the North sea, known as Jade Busen or Jade bay, which had been formed by inundations in the thirteenth and sixtenth centuries. In 1852, however, the nascent spirit of Prussianism awoke to the fact that the kingdom did not own a single inch of sea coast on the North sea.’ In order to acquire a foothold on the western shore of Europe the Prussian king purchased from the grand duke of Oldenburg the marsh, four square miles, upon which now stands Wilhelmshaven, and the purchase price was 500,000 thalers (about $355,000). Seventeen Years Building Town.

For seventeen years a large body of workmen w’as engaged at great expense in building the town, dredging the bay, and sinking piles In the peaty soil upon which to erect the docks and shipyards. It was a herculean task and frequently months of labor would be wiped out in a single hour by a high tide or a violent storm. In the end, however, the work was completed and the harbor was formally opened by King William, afterward Emperor William I, in the presence of many British naval officers who little Imagined what a momentous ceremony they were witnessing, for with the dedication of Wilhelmshaven began in earnest the development of modern Germany’s sea power. One of the odd difficulties with which Prussia had to contend in the building of Wilhelmshaven was the unfriendly attitude of the kingdom (soon therafter to become a Prussian province) of Hanover, which refused to allow the construction of a railroad across its territory from Prussia into Oldenburg, so that all the material for the harbor had to be shipped from Prussia by the long sea route. Wilhelmshaven is less than 40 miles in an airline northwest of Bremen, and is only 60 miles by rail from this great commercial center.

The new x harbor of Wilhelmshaven has an area of 170 acres and a depth of more than twenty-six feet. Memel, Germany’s Northern City. ""Another of Germany’s important seaports is Memel, in East Prussia, which the Russians partly destroyed early in the war. Memel is land’s end for the Germans. It is the most northerly town in the empire, lying but a few miles from the Russo-German border. Before the war, Memel was a city of considerable consequence, a city rushed with commission business and a port whose harbor was always filled with sail and smoke columns. The port is midway upon the Baltic sea, conveniently placed for trade with Stockholm, Sweden, to the north; with Riga and Petrograd, Russia, to the northeast; with Copenhagen, Denmark, to the west, and with the many north German ports. It has an excellent harbor, well improved, protected by two lighthouses and by forts toward the open water. Memel was the center of the Baltic lumber trade. Great rafts of loses, hewn in the forests of Russian Potend and western Russia, were floated down the Nleroen river and the Koenig Wilhelmeanal -every year, and the lumber product of the city’s mills was distributed by the busy Memel fleet to every Baltic port, much of it golfig-t<r'Rus-sia. Pole, Russian, Lett and German, during the years of peaceful effort, fraternized in Memel’s coffee booses, beer gardens and in the tidy, pretentious little inn, Nlmmersatt Tilsit, a military and commercial center, is 58 miles south-southeast of Memel, while Koenigsberg, capital of East Prussia,.lies 91 miles to the southwest. Memel had a well-to-do population of about 22,000 before the war. A city without poor and without a millionaire, it possessed a thriving trade in transit goods, agricultural find manufactured produce in international exchange. Was a Growing City. Memel had a growing industry—iron foundries, shipbuilding yards, and lactones for the output of chemicals, ma-

chlnery, soap and amberware. Its most important business, however, was its export of grains and timber. It shipped each year timber to a value of more than $5,000,000. Before all else, Memel was a growing seaport. It was drawing an even greater share of the distributing business of agricultural produce from the neighboring regions of the Russian Baltic provinces, and was developing close, fruitful business relations with Russian Poland, handling Polish timber, grain and meats, and making headway In the competition for handling the exports from the rich Polish manufacturing districts. Memel’s position near the farms of East Prussia, near the fields and factories of Russia’s Baltic provinces, and near the forests, farms and manufactories of Russian Poland gave the town great promise of becoming a rich city port. Like many of the well-placed cities commercial center. The town is given over almost entirely to the needs of the German navy. It has extensive arsenals and mine depots, machine shops. Iron foundries and boiler shops. The imperial dockyards before being enlarged for the present emergencies included two large slipways, five immense floating docks, four smaller docks for the accommodation of torpedoboats and seven dry docks. The shipyards are surrounded by lofty walls and access to the inclosure even prior to the outbreak of the war was very restricted. More than a third of the population of the town before the beginning of hostilities in 1914 was made up of army and naval forces. Like many of the well-placed cities of these northern coastlands, Memel was a foundation of those crusaders of the middle ages, who took their way north and spread their faith among the outlying peoples by brand and sword. It was founded by Poppo von Osterna, grandmaster of the Knights of the Teutonic Order, who fought the natives of Prussia, the Letts and Finns through generations to bring them within the fold of the Christian church. When founded In 1252, Memel was first called New Dortmund, and, later, Memelburg. The advanced Christian fortress early acquired aq important trade, and became a member of the merchant trust, the Hanseatic league. Its place upon the borders of several unrelated peoples, however, while possessing the same advantages as today, possessed, also, the same disadvantages. It was burned several times by hostile forces during the 13th, 14th, and 15th centuries. After the crushing defeat administered to Friedrich Wilhelm^ HI of Prussia by Napoleon upon the field of Jena, the German monarch retired to Isolated Memel, and here, In 1807, the treaty which was to have such farreaching results was concluded between Great Britain and Prussia.

VANISHING ART IN MASONRY

Ancient New England Dry Walls Are Things of Beauty But Few Are Built Now. “In dry walls I thlnlk the old stone mason takes the greatest pride of all; for it is the dry wall—l mean by that a wall laid without mortar—that the sheer art of the mason comes most into play. Anyone can throw a wall together if he has a mortar to make it stick, but a dry wall must stand out for what it is, built solid from the bottom up, each stone resting securely upon the one below it, and braced and nested in by the sheer skill of the mason, writes David Grayson in the American Magazine. The art of the dry wall is the ancient heritage of New England and speaks not only of the sincerity and the conscientiousness of the old puritan spirit but strikes the higher-note of beauty. Many of the older walls I know are worth going far to see, for ♦hey evhiblt H rare sense of form and proportion, and are sometimes set in the landscape with a skill that only the Master Artist himself could exceed. Those old, hard-wrought stone fences of the Burnham hills and Crewsbury, the best of them, were honestly built, and built to last a thousand years. A beautiful art —and one that is passing away. It is the dry wall that stands of itself that the old stone mason loves best of all.

Peculiar to Themselves.

“How cafi I get to Flubdub's fish market?” “Follow your nose.” . , “Follow my nose? Now that seems indefinite advice to give a man.” “It is all right whan hunting for a fishmarket”