Evening Republican, Volume 59, Number 121, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 7 June 1917 — Page 2

How to Care for Your Pet Bird

Requirements of canary in the way of food and care are so simple that it needs little attention and it may be easily induced to nest and rear —....... *—- ■ 6A NARIES hnve been domesticated for several hundred years and, though more common in western Europe and the United States than elsewhere, have been carried over practically the entire civilized ?¥*’-<■ VwvHtl. ju "iSugteßd and Germany there are hundreds of canary breeders and many agricultural soci-eties.-Several periodicals dealing solely with cage birds are published there, and in the larger cities bird exhibitions are held annually. In the United States there are comparatively few fanciers as yet, so that, though num - bers of canaries are reared here, a large part of the stock is secured from abroad. More than three and onequarter 1 millions of canaries have been

Scotch Fancy Canary.

brought into the United States during the lust ten years, an average of more than 300,000 birds each year. Most of these have come from Germany, but some are imported from England. Canaries seem to thrive in any climate where not exposed to too severe weather conditions, and in spite of the long period they have been protected and held in captivity they are capable ofenduring a surprising degree of cold when hardened to it. In England it is not unusual to find them in outdoor aviaries throughout the year. They seem able to establish themselves again in a wild state under favorable conditions. In 1909, a brood of domestic canaries was released oh Mldwtty island, a small sandy islet in the Hawaiian group. By 1914 they had Inereased until it was estimated That they numbered about 1,000. The actual origin of the canary as a cage bird is as obscure as is the early history of other domesticated animals. It seems probable that captive canaries were first secured from the Canary Islands, a group with which they have long been popularly associated. There are in the old world, however, two closely allied forms from which the domesticated canary may have come. One of these, the bird now recognized as the “wild canary,” found in the Canary Islands (with t>».> exception of the islands of Fuerteventura and Lanzarote), Madeira, and the Azores. The other form, the serin finch, ranges through southern Europe and northern Africa, extending eastward into Palestine and Asia Mi-

Belgian Fancy Canary.

nor. In a wild state these two forms are very similar in color and to a novice are -hardly distinguishable^———■ Variation among domesticated canaries began early, as Hernandez, in speaks of the canary as wholly yellow in color save for the tips of the wings. The various forms have had n.eirorig-in in distinct geographic areas, and thoughsomenre almostextinct at present, all at one time or another have had a devoted following of fanciers. At present at least 14 distinct strains, with a large number of varieties, are known. life common canary is reared pri-

THINGS WORTH KNOWING

Turning the handle of a new electric water heater tor bathrooms one way permits hot water to flow and turning It In the other direction obtains cold water. The Island of Ceylon is to be connected to the- mainland of India by building a roadway on a rocky reef, a distance of 22 miles. . A recently patented baggage carrier for automobiles is Intended to be fastened over the hood of a car.

by Alexander Wetmore

marlly for its song, and from it probablycame the roller, or song canary, a great favorite in Germany and more recently, in England. In rearing sbng canaries attempt is made to produce “males with plear? soft, pleasing songs with long rolls or trills, and no attention whatever is paid to other characteristics. These birds, therefore, are usually nondescript as regards color and appearance, but care is taken in mating to secure "males that are good singers and females from good stock. The young birds when fledged are put in rooms with birds noted for their soft song, and here, through imitation, they develop their own vocal powers. Careful watch is kept over them, and any bird developing harsh notes is removed at once to prevent his Corrupting the purity of tone in the song of his brothers. A mechanical instrument known as a bird organ, that produces liquid trills, is frequently utilized in training, usually when the adult birds are silent during molt. Ordinarily the room where these birds are kept is darkened, and frequently the cages containing the young birds are screened .with cloth to lessen a tendency to objectionable loudness of song. In six months or less, their education completed, these songsters may be sold or In Their turn utilized tn traim ing others still younger. It is common to teach these birds some simple strain or air, through its constant repetition by whistling or by means of an instrument? Well-trained birds bring high prices, and a fair number of these find their way each year into this country’. In the great class of exhibition birds perhaps none is more striking than the Belgian canary. Formerly known as the “king of the fancy,” it was reared extensively in Belgium, but of late years its, popularity has been on the decline. In 1911 it was said that few purebred Belgians were to be found, and under present warconditions it may never recover its own. The typical Belgian canary is a large bird with a small head, long, slender “neck, large shoulders, and a long, tapering body. It is primarily ar“bird of “position.” When examined it hops upon a perch and throwing its shoulders up brings the head down well below their level. The back and tail form a perpendicular line and the feet are held close together. Another bird of position is the Scotch fancy canary. This variety resembles the Belgian, but when In po-

Diagram of Foot of Canary .With Overgrown Claws. —A Terminal Blood Vessel.—Point at Which Claw May Be Trimmed Without Injury.

sition throws the tall in under the perch until its outline in profile is almost a semicircle. Another well-marked variety is the cinnamon canary, one of • the earliest forms to appear. Imt one whose origin is wholly unknown. Its true color is a dun or dull brown that has been likened to cinnamon. In exhibition birds the color is usually intensifiedby color feeding. In addition to the body color The cinnamon canary is peculiar in possessing red or pink eyes, a character that denotes cinnamon blood even in a yellow or buff bird. The cinnamon inheritance is transmitted only by the male; young reared from a cinnamon mother and a male of any other form lacking cinhamOnTflbbdnever show signs of their cinnamon parentage.—

Among th*' old-established varieties that now are in decadence none is more striking than the lizard canary. Lizard 'canaries are known as gold or yellow or silvery gray. The wings and tail are black and the back is spangled with numerous somewhat triangular black spots. The crown in purebred birds Is unspotted and light in color. The crested canary is another unusual’form, with a long crest extending down around the head below the level of the eyes. The frill or Dutch frill canary TsTr large bird with'long curlfng feathers. The Lancashire is the largest of known varieties of the castanding head and-- shoulders above all others. Th.ese~ Mgiant”—canaries maybe -crqsted or smooth headed. Other forms that may be mentioned are the border fancy, a small bird, and the Norwich, or Norwich ptain head, from which come many of the common canaries. It must not be supposed that the

The Jews learned the art of brickmaking in Egypt. In Isaiah 15 :3, complaint is made that the people built altars of brick instead of stone, as the law directed. That the ancient. Orientals made use of wine made from the date palm tree is evident from Herodotus, Strabo and Pliny. " This tree, once abundant in Palestine, is now rare. At the last state election newspaper men in Ohio were elected governor, lieutenant governor, state treasurer, state auditor and attorney general.

THE EVENING REPUBLICAN, RENSSELAER, IND.

number of, varieties of canaries ennmerated covers the entire field. For each of the main forms there are almost endless groups or divisions that have been developed on color peculiarities. To obtain purebred birds* requires constant care and supervision, and with any slackness of method a host of mongrels appear. Interbreeding between the various forms, differing so widely |n.chlor, results in reversion to the original type, which was a spotted or striped greenish bird, certain proof of the common origin of all'. That the color of canaries may be deepened or intensified by certain color foods given during the molt Is well known and has attracted much Interest. Turmeric, marigold flowers, saff rntrr' eochiTre?n7”Tnnihtfo. ~ ~potr wine, mustard seed and other agents rich in natural color are often used for this purpose,' but it is doubtful whether they exert any real influence. So far as known 'all successful color foods have red pepper as a base. For a long time methods of preparing and feeding

Crested Canary.

them were kept secret, but now they are outlined in many manuals on canary keeping. A standard color food may be prepared as follows: To the ordinary egg food (one hard-boiled egg chopped fine with an equal bulk of bread crumbs or unsalted cracker crumbs) add a teaspoonful of ground sweet red pepper. Mix until the food shows an even reddish _ tint throughout. Each bird to be experimented upon should receive one small teaspoonful dally. The quantity of pepper is increased gradually, until two heaping teaspoonfuls are used. Addition of a little brown sugar and a few drops of pure olive oil is beneficial, and a smaTT quantity of hot red pepper gives a better flavor. The food should be prepared fresh each day. In mixing, allowance must be made for variation in the size of eggs used. Tn color feeding some canary breeders increase the proportion of sweet red pepper until four, teaspoonfuls are added to the usual quantity of egg food. Half a tea spoonful of thTs concentrated- food is allowed each bird. This method may be used during a bhqrt, quick molt. Care of Feet and Bill. As a canary grows old it will be noticed that its claws get long and catch on the perches and wires as it hops about the cage. In a state of nature the activities of as it moves about the ground or among twigs and limbs keep the claws properly worn down. Confined in a cage, the canary is less active, and while the rate of growth of the claws renuiins the same they are subject to much less abrasion. It Is necessary, therefore, to trim them with a pair of sharp scissors every few months. It is important to watch the condition

Lizard Canary.

of the claws carefully, as by catching they may cause a broken leg. In each claw a slender blood vessel extends well down toward the tip. This may be jjjggn on close examination through the transparent sheath”of the claw. In trimming cut well beyond this canal and take special care not to break the leg while handling the bird.— In cage birds the horny covering of the bill, as well as the claws, sometimes becomes distorted through growth without sufficient wear. The tips of the mandibles may be pared down with a sharp knife, but care must be taken not to cut deep enough To reach the quick. *.

Caught in a Trap.

.. He—Didn’t some idiot propdse to you before our marriage? She —Certainly. y • He —Then you ought to have married him. She—l did.

None Whatever.

“That figure of speech, *As snug as a bug in a rug,’ is out of date.” “Perhaps.” » . “I’m sure of it. What chance does a bug tn a rug stand nowadays against a vacuum cleaner‘ <

HOME TOWN HELPS

SIMPLICITY IN NEW HOUSES Great Progress Made in Architecture f in Recent Years With Tendency Toward Hdmelike Structures. The present decade of the twentieth century is a fortunate period in housebuilding. Lucky are -the- peopte who build, and lucky. are the architects. Compared with the 1880 period, or the IS9O, or even the 1900, the present disciples of the’ are indeed fortunate, says an authority on home architecture. Many people who builtls years ago would give a great deal if they could tear down and begin all over again, and doubtless there are architects who wish that their twenty-year-old dwellings were like card houses —easy to demolish and rebuild. Great strides have been made in this country within the past decade in everything pertaining to house-nnrking.-Surely the number of beautiful houses of moderate cost springing up all over the country would turn the rankest pessimist into an optimist, so far ns our architectural prosperity is concerned. Whether of rough cast, halftimbered, clapboards, shingles or solid concrete. these homes express certain pies -as- truly— a4-f—built of one material. Whether located East or West they have certain points In common. Simplicity is a threadbare word, yet no-other has been Invented to take its place and, in our own language at least, it has no synonym. Sincerity also may be applied to these houses. Other terms come to mind, such as “livable,” “homelike” and “appropriate.” No house is successful unless it Is adapted to the needs jf the owner; no bouse is successful unless the architect has used the material best fitted to its design. It seems to us that-oh these two points the present-day architect is superior to his predecessors.

DOES AWAY WITH SIGNBOARDS

Illinois Highway Commission Orders Removal of Unsightly A d vertiaing - Along State-Aid Roads. In the belief that ungainly and unsightly signs of an advertising nature along public highways mar the ■beauty of the road itself and of the contiguous landscape, Tthe—Hiinois ißghway commission has directed that all such advertising signs be removed from along all state-aid roads. The order came in a letter directed from Chief State High way Engineer W. W. Marr for the commission to all a<R vertisers. Other communications sought the co-operation of county highway superintendents and through them -to township officials as well, to the end that the antislgn campaign may be carried to a beneficial conclusion. The state highway commission desires first of all, of course, to conserve the interests of the state-aid roads. The placing of signs has become such a universal practice that it has come to amount to nothing less than a nuisance, in the opinion of the commission. Moreover, the commission believes such staring objects as the majority of signboards of today do not really advertise; that, in many stances, they repel instead of attract the favor of travelers. The' order is expected to help bring Illinois’ chain of state-aid roads up to the top notch of taste and natural beauty.

Protecting Newly Set Plants.

Newly set plants should be protected for a day or two from the sun, and the protection should be continued till it is evident the plants are getting a hold on the soil and securing a supply of soil water. If this is done, the newly set plants will live and thrive afterward. The only time when -protection is not needed is when the setting-out is done just at the beginning of a wet spell, which, of course, -ls-a- desl cable tlme for transplanting. One nurseryman say* that he transplants at any time through the spring or summer, whenever he can be sure he is to be favored by three or four days of rain or mist. However, every spring in a great many plants are lost by not having protection from the\sun or by not having the protection continued till the plants-caa-llve without it. - '

Adjoining Towns Should Co-Operate..

No growing town can afford to stopplanning at its corporate limits, for just outside those limits streets are being laid out and buildings erected contrary to the city’s Interest. A little co-operative planning now would save the spending of vast sums of money 'later to correct the troubles. All the more is this true where' two or more towns are close together. The mutual planntrfg of the intervening town. Wiere . they touch -each other it Is sheer stupidity for them not to get together in planning the areas near their common boundaries.

Large Holes for Street Trees.

Dig large holes for street trees. Too many plant them In small holes in clay or shale ami expect vigorous trees. All such need C. sign containing the cry of Roman gladiators to the emperor: “Moriturl te salutant.” (The doomed salute <thee.) . ,

FARMING NOW A BUSINESS

The Modern Day Farmer Applies Business Methods and Seeks More Than a Living on the Farm. I* - A nation-wide cry Is being made for more economy and greater production, and probably never was the need of foodstuffs equal to that of the present. Grain prices are the highest in the nation’s history and today the agricultural fields of America offer inducements un equaled in any other line of commerce or business. The ideal life is that close to nature, enjoying the freedom of God’s great outdoorsand •fulfilling a duty to humanity bj’ producing from a fertile soil that which is essential to the very existence of a less fortunate people who are actually starving to death for foodstuffs that can be produced so economically in the United States and Canada. High prices for all grains, undoubtedly, will be maintained for a number of years, and it appears a certainty that the agriculturist will reap a bounteous return for his labor and at the same time carry out the demands of patriotic citizenship. A wrong conception has been generally noticed as to “Life on the Farm.” "it has been, to a large extent, considered as only living for those who are satisfied with merely a comfortable existence. Such a wrong Impression has been created, in a measure, by the lack of systematic business principles to farming in general. But today farming and agriculture have been given a supremacy in the business world and require the same advanced methods as any other line of commerce. In no other business does a system adoption pay better than on the farm, and It is certain that there Is no other line of work, that, generally speaking, needs It as much. The old Idea of getting a living off the farm and not knowing how It was made and following up the details of each branch of farming to get the maximum of profit, at the least expense, Is fast being done away with. Farming is now being considered as a business and a living is not sufficient for the modern agriculturist; a small per cent on the Investment Is not enough, the present-day farmer must have a percentage return equal to that of other lines </ business. The~prices for produce are high enough, but the cost_of producing has been the factor, In many places, that has reduced the profit. It is the application of a system to the cost of various work on the farm that It Is possible to give figures on profits made In grain-growing in Western Canada. Mr. C. A. Wright of Milo, lowa, bought a hundred and sixty acres of land In Western Canada for $3,300 in December, 1915, and took his first crop from it in 1916. After paying for the land in full and the cost of cultivating it and marketing the grain, he sold his grain at $1.55 a bushel (a low price compared with the present market), had a surplus of $2,472.67. His figures are as follows: . z

4,487 bushels worth $1.55 at Champion $6,954.85 —$6,954.85 Threshing bill 11c per bushel 493.57 Seed at 95c.. 144.00 Drilling . 160.00 - Cutting 160.00 Twine- 50.00 # Shocking 40.00 lla tiling to town —=, 8c ..... 134.61 Total cost 1,182.18 Cost of land 3,300.00 $4,482.18—54,482.18 \ Net profit after paying for farm and all c05t..... $2,472.67 S. Joseph and Sons of Des Moines? la., are looked upon as being shrewd, careful businessmen. Having somespare money on hand, and looking for a suitable Investment, they decided to purchase Canadian lands, and farm them. With the assistance of the Canadian Government Agent, at Des Moines, la., they made selection near Champion, Alberta. They put 240 acres of land in wheat, and in writing to Mr. Hewitt, The Canadian Government Agent at Des Moines, one of the members of 'the firm says: “I have much pleasure In advising you that on our farm five miles east of Champion, in the Prov:ince of Alberta, Canada, this year (1916) ive harvested and threshedlO,600 bushels of wheat from 240 acres, this being an average of 44 bushels and 10 pounds to the acre. A considerable portion of the wheat was No. 1 Northern, worth at Champion, approximately $1.85 per bushel, making a total return of $19,610, or an average of $81.70 per acre gross yields. And by aid of a thorough systernwere at about 25 cents a bushel?* Messrs. Smith & Sons of Vulcan. Alberta, are growers of wheat on a large scale and have demonstrated that there is greater profit in Western Canada wheat-raising than probably 1q any other business anywhere. Speaking of their experience Mr. Smith flays! . _ “j have three sections of land at the present time and am farming yearly 1,200 to 1,400 acres of land. My returns from the farm for the past two jears have been around 200%, that IS

for every dollar I have spent I have received three, now I do not know where you can do that well. "This Is surely the country for the man with the ptnall capital as the land is still reasonable in price, payments in long term and work of all kinds for every nnm to do. I feel that if I was turned out here without a dollar that In less than ten years I could own a section of land and have It we equipped.” . Western Canada’s soli and climate Is suitable to graining large ahd profitable yields of wheat. Many so large that those not acquainted with the facts hesitate to believe the reports sent out by the farmers in that country. As an evidence of thglr sincerity in reporting correct yields affidavits of a couple of grain growers are reproduced. 4 “I, Newell J. Noble, of the town of Nobleford, Province of Alberta, do solemnly declare that from 1,000 acres of wheat on the said farm there was, in the season of 1916, threshed 54,395 bilshels of wheat, being at the average of 54 bushels and 23 pounds per acre. And that from 394.69 acres of oats on the said farm, there was threshed In the said season of 1916, 48,506 bushels of oats, being at the average of 122 bushels and 30 pounds per acre. “And I make this solemn declaration conscientiously, believing it to be true and knowing that it is of the same force and effect as if made under oath and by virtue of The Canada Evidence Act.” NEWELL J. NOBLE. A Woman Takes Affidavit as to Yields.—On January 4, 1917, Mrs. Nancy Coe of Nobleford made oath as follows : In the matter of yield of wheat, oats and flax on my farm for harvest of 1916, i’ Nancy Coe, of the town of Nobleford. Province of Alberta, do solemnly declare that I threshed from 115 acres on my farm 6,110 bushels of wheat (machine measure, Which it is believed will hold out in weights fully —about three-fourths of the crop already having been weighed), being at the average of 53 bushels and 8 pounds per acre, and that from 48 acres of flax on stubble ground, I threshed 993 bushels of flax, being at an average of 20 bushels and 38 pounds per acre, and that -from 5.06 acres of oats I threshed 586 bushels machine measure, being at an average of 115 bushels and 27 pounds per acre. —Advertisement. -c You can easily recognize the early shortcake by Its strawberry mark.

WOMEN! IT IS MAGIC! LIFT OUT ANY CORN Apply a few drops then lift corns or calluses off with « fingers—no pain.

Just think 1 You can lift off any corn or callus * without pain or soreness. A Cincinnati man dlscovered this ether compound and named it freezone. Any druggist will sell a tiny bottie of . freezone, like here M shown, for very little cost. You apply a few drops dlU rectly upon a tender corn or callus. Instantly the -A-- soreness disappears, then shortly you will find the [Bl 11l IDT corn or callus so loose that J|||| I’ Blk y° u can right off. w Jin'll Freezone is wonderful. It s| l! | dries instantly. It doesn’t I I eat away tlie corQ or cal " I I lus ’ but shrl vels ic U P withI ill lil o ”t even irritating the surJ ) ||j I | rounding skin. | i | |l| J 1 Hard, soft or cows bell | || tween the toes, as well as painful calluses, lift right off. There is no pain before or afterwards. If your druggist hasn’t freezone, tell him to order a small bottle for you from his wholesale drug house. —adv. New Zealand's government revenue tn the last fiscal year was $64,493,413.

NERVOUSNESS AND BLUES Symptoms of More Serious Sickness. Washington Park, 111. —“I am the mother of four children and have sufeagrasassassi sered with female • trouble, backache, nervous spells and ® '* the blues - chil * dren’s loud talking -and romping would , u • f o make me so nervous I I could just tear Iliswlz • everything to pieces If fV- u- ''' and I would ache all ° ver anc * f ee i so sic i £ i that 1 not w«nt anyone to talk to me at times. Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound and Liver Pills reyou for the good they have done me. 1 have had quite-a bit of trouble and worry but it does not affect my youthful looks. My friends say 4 Why do you look so young and well ? ’ I owe it all to the Lydia E. Pinkham remedies.'' —Mrs. Robt. Stopiel, Sage Avenue, Washington Park, Illinois. If you have any symptom about which you would like to know write to the Lydia E. Pinkham Medicine Co., Lynn, Mass., for helpful advice given free of charge. ''' ....