Evening Republican, Volume 59, Number 67, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 10 April 1917 — Page 3

Why Not Raise Some Brautiful Roses This Summer? Here's How

Perhaps the 'most admired and the oldest Of cultivated blossoms :: If you will, take the trouble to care for several bushes you can add much to the of your home during the coming warm season

THE rose has- probably been cultivated as long as any ornamental plant, and it holds a warmer place in the hearts of the people than any other flower. From earliest times it has been a favorite. It has figured in the literature of all ages and all nations. People in all stations of life yield homage to its beauty of form and color and to its delicious fragrance. It is loved by poor and rich alike. It is grown in the dooryards of the least pretentious cottage, where often the occupants are stinted in food and raiment, as well as on the grounds of large estates, where abound the choicest things that money can buy. It is also grown in immense quantities under glass and is the most popular winter cut flower for all occasions. So deep a hold has it on the

Climbing Roses After Pruning.

affections of the people that it is often spoken of as life “queen of flowers.” ~ Wild roses abound in great variety over practically all the temperate regions of the earth. Man has taken advantage—of-this aml luis appropriaated the most pleasing wild forms for his use. In addition, he has so modified and Improved the wild sorts by breeding and selection that now there is a rose for every need. Lawn and Border Roses. Selection and breeding have been practiced -with this best loved of all flowers for ages, and have resulted in the development of a multitude of rose varieties, some of which are adapted to use under almost any conceivable conditions. By familiarizing himself before the planting sottsonk in fall and spring with the different types of roses and the purposes for which they are especially suited, the rose gardener in city or country may add greatly to the attractiveness of his Hoses for use on lawns and along borders must have habits of growth and foliage which fit them, particularly for mass effects. Foliage, in fact, is more to be desired under such conditions than fine flowers, since it is a feature during the whole growing season, while the flowers may cover a period less than a fortnight in length. When suitable sorts are chosen, roses are quite as appropriate and effective

Proper depth for planting: (a) proper soil level for grafted or budded irose: (b) soil level if the plant were on its own roots.

for use in relief planting, about the ground line of buildings 'or in masses upon the lawn or along borders as other ornamental shrubs. For such use, however, they must be hardy and moderately free in ; growth, and must possess foliage reasonably disease resistant and free from Insect at-

One fine rose which has been found admirable for this• landscape planting „is the Rugosa or Wrinkled Japanese rose. It is hardy in the North, succeeds well in the South, and thrives within reach of ocean spray. It blooms nearly all summer. Both red and white- varieties are available. The Carolina rose, also suitable for lawn use, thrives in the entire territory east of the Mississippi river, succeedingespecially well in moist pierces. Both these

varieties are relatively tali, reaching a height of from 6 to 8 feet. The Rosa lucida, a wild type native from Pennsylvania north, is, on the other hand, desirable for a low ground cover 2 to 3 feet high. It grows well at the seaside and under other adverse conditions. The Prairie rose has a wider range than any of the other roses named above, being native from Canada to Florida and west to Wisconsin, Nebraska and Texas. It Is a single variety and thrives under adverse conditions. Among the other roses which may be particularly useful for landscape planting are the Arkansas rose, Sweet Brier, Rosa eglanteria or Rosa lutea, Dwarf Polyantha, Cabbage rose, and the Damask rose. The roses classed in the lawn and border group are adapted to a wide range of soil conditions and may be counted on to succeed in any but extremely heavy or very sandy soils. Many of them will do well even on such soil types. The principal essentials are thorough drainage and a plentiful supply of organic matter, with a reasonably constant water supply during the growing season. In general a soil capable of growing good garden or seld crops Is suitable for roses. The deeper the soil and the better the preparation at the beginning, the more satisfactory will be the results. The best fertilizer for roses is rotted cow manure, though any other wellrotted manure or good compost will serve the purpose. Fresh manure, especially horse manure, should be avoided, though if no other manure is available it may be used with extreme care. It must not come in direct contact with the roots when planting nor should any quantity of it be used immediately beneath the plant to cut off direct connection with the subsoil and the water supply. Of the commercial

Roses Pruned for Individual Bloom.

fertilizers, ground bone is excellent as additional food. It will not, however, answeL^as—a substitute for an abun~~ dant supply of compost. Cottonseed meal, where it is cheap enough, may be used as a substitute for bone. Wood ashes are sometimes a helpful addition or, when they are not available, lime and muriate of potash may be used and should be applied separately. Rose growers having only sandy soils should make more frequent applications of manurp than those dealing with the heavier soils, since the organic matter burns out more rapidly in a soil rich in sand. The chief consideration in the planting plan for roses for landscape effects Is that the plants should be so spaced that when they repch maturity they will come together without overcrowding. The habits of growth of the particular varieties chosen will be the determining factor. The spacing should in general range from 2 to 6 feet. Early spring planting is best in the extreme northern part of the United States and on the western plains where there are strong drying winds In winter. In other regions fall planting is advantageous but not sufficiently so to warrant postponing planting from spring until autumn. When possible,'"'however, it is wellenough to push planting in the fall rather than to wait until spring. Spring planting should -be done as soon as the ground is dry enough to work, or when it springs ©part after being squeezed in the hand. Fall planting is best done as soon as the leaves have fallen from trees and bushes. > Planting methods for border and lawn roses apply also to practically all other roses. Stock should be planted as soon as possible after it arrives. .When it is impossible to plant immediately, the plants should be placed In a trench and the roots covered. If the plant roots are dry when received, soaking them in water an hour or more before this heellng-ln is done is desirable. If the stems are shriveled, plumpness may be restored and growth Insured by burying tie whole plant for a few days. If the plants are

by F. L. Mulford

THE EVENING REPUBLICAN, RENSSELAER, IND.

frozen when received they should be placed where they will thaw gradually and should not be unpacked until there is no question that the frost is out. More plants are killed by undue exposure of roots at planting time than from any other cause. No matter how short the distance 'to the permanent planting location-, plants should be taken there with the roots thoroughly coveretL-. roots may be placed In a bucket of water while removing to the planting ground and until planting, or they may be puddled in a mixture of thin clay and then kept covered with wet burlap or other protection. -Care should be taken that the clay does not become dry before

For Cut Flowers Nothing Can Rival the Beauty of the Rose.

planting. It is important to set the plants a little deeper than they were before. If planted too deep, however, the bark of the buried stems would be Injured and growth would be checked until new roots form nearer the surface.

In planting dormant bushes it is desirable to trim the ends of broken roots and any that are too long just before they are put into the hole, so that there will be smooth, fresh surfaces ’which can callus and heal over. It is usual to have this fresh-cut surface on the under side of the root. The hole in which the bush is to be planted should be several inches larger across than the roots will extend and ample in depth, with a little loose earth on the bottom. The roots should be separated well in all directions with the soil well worked in among them, separating them Into layers, each of which should be spread out like the fingers of the hand. When the hole is partially full, the plant should be shaken up and down so as to make sure it is in close contact with the soil under the crown where the roots branch. When the roois are well covered the sell should be firmed. Thislsbest done by tramping. If the soil is in proper condition tramping cannot injure the plants. This will leave a depression about them, but all the -roots will be covered. When all are planted, each one may be watered, although this usually Is not necessary, especially if the roots have been puddled before planting. If water is applied, permit it to soak in about the roots and then fill the hole with dry earth. Do not tramp after watering. With the soil wet it would be injurious to compact it more. If not watered the depression should be filled with loose earth the same as though it had been watered. After planting no watering should be done

Proper and Improper depths of planting rosea. The line indicates surface of soil.

unless very dry weather follows, and even ..then care must be exercised not to overdo it till after growth starts. In watering, it is desirable to draw away some earth from about the bush, gpply the water, and after it has soaked In draw dry earth about the plant again. The purposes for which roses are planted largely will determine the pruning methods to be employed. At the time of planting border and lawn roses one-half to two-thirds of the wood should be removed. At later prnnlngs weak branchesshould be taken off, and long canes that would be liable to whip around and loosen the plant should- be cut back. As far as practicable, pruning other than this should be accomplished by cutting but whole branches rather than by cutting off the ends. After the first year, pruning > should consist of. removing dead, dying, or weak wood, and crossing branches. Including any that may be found -with discolored ‘ pith. Cutting off the-ends of branches should

be avoided. Most of the roses suggested for border planting are improved by having the whole top cut off every five or six years. All. pruning these roses should be done in the spring, as summer or fall pruning would remove the hips prematurely and thus Yob the plants of ranch of their attractiveness during the winter. Border and lawn roses are hardy and need protection only under extremely trying - conditions. In the arid plains region, if the autumn has been exceptionally dry, it may be advisable the first winter to provide a good mulching after the soil has beffi thoroughly soaked. Covering will be unnecessary. __ _

Roses for the Arbor and Trellis. The character of the foliage and hardiness should be important considerations in choosing types of climbing roses for covering arbors, trellises, pergolas, pillars and similar structures. Roses used in this way are usually in conspicuous places and flowers can be depended on for ornamental effects for a relatively short period only during the year. Climbing roses with a poor leaf development or those especially liable to attack by insects and diseases, therefore, make but a poor appearance. The climbing roses are divided roughly into two divisions. The piUar"roses” are those not growing more than 6 or 8 feet high. The more vigorously growing roses of the group are the climbers or ramblers. Of the trellis and arbor roses the members of the Wlchuraiana or Memorial group are among those most resistant to disease and insect attack. They have foliage pleasing to the eye throughout practically all seasons. The blossoms are white and single. The Multiflora climbers flower in clusters. Many of them, however, especially the so-called ramblers, are subject to mildew and" insect attacks. They are reasonably hardy in the North. Roses of the Laevigata group, represented by the Cherokee, on the other~fiand, require a warm 'Climate. This Is true also of the roses of the climbing Noisette group represented by the Marechai Niel and Lamarque. These roses are suitable for culture only in the warmer sections where the winter temperature seldom falls below 10 degrees F. above zero. Climbing roses require large quantities of plant food. The body of good soil available should be equal to a mass 3 feet square and 30 inches deep. A hole of this volume should be dug and filled with good garden soil mixed with well-rotted manure. Climbers, like all other roses, require good drainage. No roses will thrive where water stands about their roots. Plant-

Cross-Section of Well-Prepared Rose Bed.

Ing should be done carefully as In the case o,f roses for landscape purposes. This method has already been described. . J, Special pruning methods must be employed forcl in thing roses. These methods are determined by more or less of a compromise between the desire, on the one hand, to force the growth of blossom-bearing, new wood, by removing old wood, and, on the other hand, the desire to keep arbors and similar structures at least partially covered. One-half of the wood should be pruned from all the climbers, as from the other-types of roses, at planting .time. In the case of the established plants the Wlchuralana and hardy climbing roses should be pruned just after blooming. At this time young shoots" "will’ have startetT from the roots. The growth of these Shoots should be encouraged, as it is from them that most of the branches are produced that bear the following

year's bloom. The best way is to remove -all the old wood at this time, so that all the strength wiH go into the young shoots. Where the roses are trained over a trellis so high that one season's growth wiH not cover it, the method just described is not practicable. In such cases some of the old shoots should be cut off at the ground, and the others should be shortened from 3 to 6 feet, depending on the amount of growth the vine has been making each year. New shoots should be trained to take the place of those removed. It should be kept constantTnmind that the present year’s growth bears next year’s flowering branches and that a few vigorous branches are more "desirable than many weak ones. • . Roses of the hybrid Noisette,group pf which the Marechai Nlel Is a rep resentptive, should be trained to a good .strong cane, with she Slde shoots ent back to . about three eyes. The main' cane can be renewed occasionally. The Cherokee roihrthould be treat ed like the border roses, pruning only dying or creasing branches. Every few years it may be cut back severely and allowed to start again.

Kin Hubbard Essays

Th’ grace an’ alacrity with which most of us lie *these forward lookin' days is in perfect accord w|th th' spirit o’ th’ times. As th’ world progresses we become broader an’ as we grow broader we become more liberal, an' as we become more liberal we grow teas exactin’. Things that wuz not even tolerated among th’ Indians are winked at by ,us t'day. Things that ■wuz regarded as abominable a few years ago are now looked upon as unavoidable an’ necessary in our pursuito’“happiness. Most ahy thliig Is all right t’day but sidewhiskers. So th’ gentle art o’ lyin’ has plugged steadily along until it has become firmly entrenched well up in th’ first division among ttf-frntts that have bloomed an’ thrived durin’ th’ greatest commercial period in th' history’o’ th’ world. We all lie with impunity. I don’t mean t’ say that all of us lie when

"We’ve Never Been Up a Night With Him."

anything of a serious nature is involved. We’re not all malicious liars. Some o’ us lie t’ be entertainin’ or t’ avoid appearin’ stupid. Others lie t’ be funny or excite comment, while still others lie t’ save time an’ trouble. But most o’ us lie fer convenience. Th’ truth is often too prosy. It don’t draw*. Folks are not attracted t’ it. It rarely fills th’ bill. Th’ truth, too, is alius liable t’ start somethin’. Disagreeable people are Invariably truthful. Th’ plain-spoken person is celebrated fer hittin’ the nail on th’ head an’ you know we all sidestep when he’s around. Lots o’ folks don’t eare as long as you don’t tell th’ truth about ’em. Th’ truth’ll often make a mess o' things when a neat little mouse-col-bred lie ’ll putWer’thing on a cheerful basis without leavin’ a brush mark. Th’ feller who used t’ turn purple an’

Next t’ automobiles ther seems t* be more different kinds o’ store clerks than anything else, unless it’s grafters. Ther’s th’ preoccupied clerk who shows you a bolt o’ bed tickin’ instead o’ cretonne while her mind is on a dance in th’ near future; th’ tall Indifferent clerk who looks toward Pittsburgh while you try t’ tell him what size you wear; th’ sallow society clerk with th’ weather-beaten throat who dreamily directs you t’ th’ socks in th’ last aisle next t' th’ tinware as she vainly endeavors t’ lift her heavy eyelids; th’ pompous clerk who loses all interest in you if you don’t buy th’ first umbreller he shows you; th* serious clerk who dresses like a corpse an’ assures you you can’t find what

Th’ Task o’ Pickin’ Out a New Suit o’ Clothes, Coupled With th’ Ordeal ol! Partin' With Your Money, Is Bad Enough, but Close Communion With a Triple Mirror Durin’ th’ Transaction Destroys What Little Interest YeaMay Have Saved Out o’ th' Wreck.

you're lookin’ fer in any store in town; th’ under-sized clerk with th’ bow legs who tells you what they're wearin’ down East; th’ busy clerk who slips a raincoat on you an’ don’t come back fer an hour; th’ persistent clerk who stands in front o’ you when you promise t’ come in agin an’ start fer th’ door, an’ th’ real 88-note regular clerk who is willin’ t’ tear down everything in th’ store t’ please you. Some clerks are so pleasant they scare you. Your whole disposition t' buy vanishes th’ moment they take you by th’ arm. Then other clerks you hate t’ bother. If a feller knows jest what he wants when he goes in a store he’s a crank. If he don’t know what he wants he’s a dub. Th’ hardest thing is t’ make a clerk understand what you want if he hasn’t got it. If a feller is undecided as t’ what he wtfnts he alius buys somethin’ he don’t want. Th’ feller who goes Int’ a store jest’ t" look around Is nearly alius a coward. He wants t—buy but he’s afraid. He has carried hpme so much junk in th’ past that he can't trust himself. If 'he wants a new roundcrowned brown derby jest like th’ one he’s got on. th’ clerk ’ll fish out a green Fedory with a bow in th’ back an’ give him th* hypnotic eye an’ he buys IL When he gets home he gives It t’ bis .wife’s little brother. Some fellers part

Harmless lyin’

CLERKS

stammer an’ stutter when confronted by his wife has only t’ say, "Mamie, I tried t’ git you over th' phone four times, etc.’’ Then they sit down t’ cold dinner an’ discuss th’ desirability o’ municipal ownership o’ telephone*’ tyt bedtime. Jest think what th' truth would have done t’t home! Fullerin' are some oMsh’ more pop’-, lar styles o' lyin’—little things we hear nt ever’ turn that have th’ ring o' a plugged quarter, but which we stall-; in’ly pretend t’ believe jest as a mat< ter o* form: i. "You’re lookin’ fine, ole chap.” • “I hated t’ miss It, but I wuz too tired t’ come downtown.” "I wouldn’t have a Palm Beach \, ' J "I’ll come if I kin git away.” “We’ll cheerfully give your money back.” “I had a perfectlyjovely time.”

“Come in any time. I'll be glad t* see you.” “I wuz under tlf impression that I’d paid that.” “We’ve never been up a night with, him,” “Sure, we'll send it out t’day.” “I’ll have a man out there t'moM row.” “I tried t’ find you all day.* “I’ll’ make it t’ you fer Jest what it cost.” “We could have sold it a dozen times yisterday.” "What a becomln’ dress! 0 “I’ll hand it t’ you Saturday.” “I’m fond o’ grand opery.” • “I’ll hav t’ ask my wife.” But when it comes t’veracityth’oletime hoss trader haint In ft with th* feller who’s been t’ Louisville an’ back! in a second-hand car. I

with an’ ole hat like they wuz about t’ swing int’ eternity. Did you ever see a timid feller hangin* around ai show window nearly breakin’ his neck! tryin’ t’ read a price tab wu* turned th’ wr<jng way? He’s afraid t" go in. It seems like th’ better you! know a clerk th’ more anxious he isf t’ sell you a coat with a cup tn th*! back. Th’ worse a suit o’ clothes fitst you th’ longer It lasts. Th’ task 4 o’ pickin’ out a new suit ol clothes or a new hat. coupled with th" ordeal o’ partin’ with your money, la. bad enough, but your close communion; with a triple mirror durin’ th’ transact lion destroys what little" Interest ta> life you may have saved out o’ th* wreck. How good a feller feels when-

he gits out o’ a store where he nearly bought somethin’! But th’ worst o’ all th’ clerks is tM one who shows you what he wears. (Copyright, Adatns Newspaper Service.); Handkerchief as Newspaper. In contrast to the poetic and romantic side of its character are the odd uses to which the handkerchief has been put and of the part it lias playedl in history. For in 1710 the British government, in the absence of a penny; newspaper, did not disdain to resort to this humble means of casting broadcast the address delivered by Queen Anne on the opening of parliameitUand this strange practice, more or less in vogue, throughout her reign, commemorated the victories of Marlborough over the French and of the treaty of Utrecht.

Sounds Deceptive.

Someone has estimated that there are 30,000,000 cats in this country. Inasmuch as a few cats may sound like millions at certain uncanny houre at night, we demand a count.—Pitt»> burgh Post.

Where He Rules.

“Are you the head of the house F* ‘1 wouldn't say that exactly, but 1 do the driving when the mlssue and I go out In the anta"