Evening Republican, Volume 21, Number 65, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 19 March 1917 — Page 2

New Mexico's “Cathedral of the Desert

The state has erected a public museum and art gallery along architectural lines developed by Franciscan missionaries who came from Spain to North America before the pilgrims landed at Plymouth Rock. Santa Fe is now the center ofa first rate art and literary colony from the East

Al 1 ■" HE NEW museum, art gallery «ml St. Francis audiC torium that is being built by the state of New Mex--510 antl ,I,P 110,11 ot yw American Research at the state capital, Santa Fe, is j ] under roof, and is to be * dedicated the first week, in August—with--a -Spanish and Indian fiesta and historic pageant that nre to eclipse anyjhlng hitherto given in that line in the West. The building is architecturally one of the most remarkable public structures In the United States and in museum buildings has no counterpart. It is in —'the purest New Mexico mission style, which was evolved by the Franciscan .missionaries 300 years ago out of the Pueblo architecture, the only Indigenous type of architecture in the United States. It reproduces in its outlines the fatuous Acoma, Cochiti, San Felipe. Pecos and Laguna missions, each of which is from 100 to 150 years older than the oldest missions in California, dating back 300 years and more. Fine Art Gallery. The city of Santa Fe donated the site for the new building, being oti a corner of the main plaza of the town and across the street from the historic Palace of the Governors, built 14 years before the Pilgrims landed at Plymouth Rock. The state of New Mexico made a preliminary appropriation of $30,OOflL frank Springer of Las Vegas

NEW CLIFF DWELLINGS UNEARTHED

Dr. J. Walter Fewkes. ethnologist in the Smithsonian Bureau can who returned recently from his field work in the Mesa Verde National Park, Colorado, reports that his work has revealed for the first time a new type of prehistoric building possibly over 600 years oid—a pueblo, commonly defined as a terraced community building, not attached to a cliff but constructed in the open. During the-past few .years, the Smithsonian institution, dir co-operalton with ~ the department of the interior, lias directed the excavation and repair of several prehistoric ruins in the Mesa £ Verde national park, among them- the “Sun Temple,” excavated by Doctor Fewkes last year, which proved a unique example of aboriginal .building specialized for religious purposes, and “Spruce Tree House.” ami “Cliff" Palace chafacteriktic cliff dwellings of the culture <>f the early dwellers. Th»* building excavated last summer fwiiiß one of whii* is known asthe Mommy Lake group of mounds which might be termed a type locality. for it st-ems representative of a considerable region. According to Doctor Fewkes the area now comprising Arizona, j Utah, Colorado, and New Mexico was inhabited, In prehistoric times, by Indians similar to those of any other regian of North America, but their dwellings were very different. This ealque territory, therefore bears the mi»e “fheblb CulfUfeltrea.” . It is the

POSTSCRIPTS

(Hyipn apparatus that cun be cari® a matt'* pocket has/been invented ta France for reviving gas vicKh— ■ - ■' ' - lftur»ii»ifo iM the name given in Gerawaay to aeverai light but tough alJki»w to which aluminum plays the ehi*f part. Th* at/fi<*phere of Zululand is so etear that it i» Mid objects can he ihihi by *tariigiJt at a distance of sev•swiha.

and 20 of his friends gave $30,000 more. Mr. Springer also gave his noted Beauregard collection of paintings and the series of six St. Francis mural paintings. The new building has 40,000 square fe<u of floor space. Its auditorium can be made to accommodate 1,400 pie. Its art galleries will be among the best lighted in the country. The interior architecture and finishings are in conformity with the ancient Pueblo and Franciscan mission style, with huge ceiling beams, beautifully carved and colored corbels, quaint and picturesque as the Alhambra. In fact, some of the carvings can be traced back to patterns by the Moors of a thousand years ago, the original settlers of Santa Fe coining from southern Spain where they had been in contact with the Moors for centuries. Old Palace of Governors. The Palace of Governors across the way iS the most historic building in

only aboriginal culture area where builders have determined the name, being distinguished from all others mainly by architectural characteristics. although the agricultural fact that these forebears of th<* American Indian possessed maize or Indian corn aids in establishing their peculiarities. “The immigrant clans that first peopled the . Southwest built neither cliff dwellings nor pueblos,” says Doctor Fewkes, “consequently this style of dwelling originated exactly where we now find them. “When mail first entered the Southwest he knew . little of the advantages of stone as a building material, for he built his but of inudT'afid stteks, or possibly skins of animals. The North American Indian became a stone ma* son as a result of a life in cliffs, and “nowhere outside of the Southwest were buildings constructed of stone by the aborigines of the section north-of Mexico. The prehistQriC ntlSOnry 4q. this region is a development which oCcurred Before the advent of the white man. And yet, no European ever saw an inhabited cliff dwelling on the Mesji Verde, ahd no article of European manufacture has- ever been found in the undisturbed debris of the rooms.” All of which shows that these early dwellings were abandoned before the Spanish conquest. Concerning the new type of dwelling just unearthed from Its deep cover of earth, rock, debris, and sagebrush,

At five years old camels are fit to work., but- their strength begins, fb decline at twenty-five years, although they usually live to be forty. The sun-dried cuttlefish or devil fish of the Greek coast with suckers intact, looks Tike a football. The •shredded part is'more tempting than thm tentacles. ' 7"' After extensive experiments a Liverpool inventor has developed a product from seaweed for the manufacture of noninflamniable motion lecture films.

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THt EVENING REPUBLICAN, RENSSELAER, IND.

the United States, having been home to a line of 99 governors under four different flags. It is now the beautiful museum of New Mexico, with wonderful exhibits and mural paintings that have made it world famous. It is also the headquarters of the School of American Research, one-ef-flve schools ’maintained by the Archaeological Institute of America, chartered by congress and maintaining schools at Jerusalem, Athens, Rome and Peking, in addition to the school at Santa Fe. The school has resulted also in the establishment of an artist colony of a score or so of painters of national and International renown, headed by Robert Henri, most noteworthy of the modern American School of Painting. Quite a number of authors, poets, dramatists and musicians also make the palace their rendezvous, thus giving Santa Fe a certain claim to being called the Athens of the Southwest.

Doctor Fewkes says that there is every reason to believe that there were formerly as many buildings of this kind- as there were cliff dwellings in the canyons, practically about one hundred of them. They seem to have been arranged in groups surrounding or near Mummy lake, an artificial depression surrounded , by an encircling ridge or wall, and undoubtedly used as a reservoir both for drinking and Irrigation waters. The mound chosen to be excavated stands near the Government road at the southwest corner of the- group area, and only a few steps from the rim of Soda canyon, "It might well 'lreCcatted ‘Far View House,’ ” says the excavator, “since the southern outlook is very fine, and from the upper rooms four states, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico and Colorado, may be seen.” When the building was excavated forty domiciliary rooms and four circular, ceremonial kivas -were =; found on the ground floor. The forms were mainly two stories In height, the raftters of the lower floors forming the beams for the .second, and extending along the north, east and west sides of the main building. A row of rooms to she north of one kiva-shows evidences of a third story, which would probably have brought the original number of rooms to over fifty. To the south is a great court supposed to have been a dance plaza, and still inclosed by the remnants of a wall.

That Letter to Mail.

“Subster is a perfect husband.” “I never heard he was so wonderful.” “Well, every time he sees a mall box he feels in his pockets.”—Buffalo Exchange. -

Nothing Particular.

Mrs. Benham—What sort of looking woman is she? , ' Benham—Oh, I don’t know; she,has one of. those 'standard faces, with mouth, nose, eyes, etc.

Larks Sing As Big Guns Roar

Abundance of Songsters Where ~ Battles Rage Is Surprise to Newcomer.. SOLDIERS ARE FOND OF PETS •4 AttSorts of Mascots Abound in tfre Trenches —Many Also Are the Pests—Red Cross Dogs Are Valuable. With the Brttish Armies- In France. —One of the distinct surprises to the newcomer at the war is to.find larks singing over the front line trenches. One would think that birds of every soft had long ago been driven far from the war zone, but, instead, they lurk in and about it in great number. Very often the sudden flight of a covey from a secluded thicket or remnant of wood has given the first signal of a shrapnel attack. ■ The drumming of big guns, the “pat-pat-patter-patter-patter” of machine guns, the whirr and “bang” of “plum puddings” and sent over by the enemy trench mortars seem to have lost all terror to the feathered songsters. They chirp as gayly and loudly over the muddy “line” as if there were no such thing in all the world as war.

The British Tommy is very fond of pets. - When he can safely do so he throws crumbs over the parapet for the larks, and if he had his way would fill up every nook and corner , of the trench with some sort of animal mascot. As it Is. there ia a strange mixture of pets and pests in these deep cuttings ■in the earth—the outposts of battle —where the men themselves live a sort of animal life. It is a life no human being was ever Intended to live, and yet the health of the troops •a positively amazing. Rat the Leading Pest. Of all the trench pests the rat, of course, by reason of his size, takes precedence. He is everywhere. No amount of cleaning up has tended to exterminate him. In fact, he waxes fatter and fatter as the war goes on. Of the, pets the dogjs_by far the more numerous and popular. There are goats and cats and canaries and various species of mascot, but the dog oecomes more a part of the life than my (if the others. Many a subaltern or company commander has gone “over the top” into battle with his dog leaping and barkng happily beside him. Scores of dogs have been killed beside their masters ind hundreds wounded. In the fightng about Mainetz,during the great •push” on the Somme, a Red Cross searching party came upon a pathetic little group composed of a subaltern, his dog and four private soldiers, just is they had sprawled to their death in a burst of machine gun flte. -r The dogs in the trenches have great fun chasing the rats. They will even leap over the parapet after them into “No Man’s Land.” And sometimes old “Fritz” from the enemy trenches will snipe them. There is one old terrier now in the front line who has been wounded four times. If he survives the war the old veteran is going to have a xxfllar with four gold stripes on it. Red Cross Dogs Valuable. The Red Cross dogs of the French hardly come under the head of pets. dumb animals have played, and are playing, in the great world conflict. The dogs, however, render a service scarcely more notable than the little French donkeys that carry ammunition the front line trenches. These little burros are aswise as they are gray. Their long, straight ears, always poking forward,are attuned to the sounds of battle and* when the fir-

DOGGIE CAN’T CATCH COLD

Miss Clara Jaeger of. Montclair, ,-N. J., has had made a special sized handbag to mutch her costume in v tich to keep her dog warm while oat for an airing. The bag Is lined wijh lamb’s wool and the dog has little chance to catch cold. It is quite likely that the innovation will be taken up by the smart set.

ing gets too heavy they dart for tbe shelter of shell holes and lie there with the drivers until danger temporarily la past. Some of the strangest animals of The war are the wild cats of Ypres. The old mother and father cats of Ypres were once domesticated. But when the frightened population fled- at the first bombardment the cats, true to all cat traditions, remained behind. . Now Ypres is a wilderness of ruins and all the cats born and living there have become like wild animals. A Canadian Sergeant major came marching out of the “line” a few days ago with a magpie sitting on his shoulder. A private In the same company had a kitten curled up on the top of his knapsack. All the overseas troops bring mascots with them. The South Africans started out with a great collection of springboks,’ baboons, duikers and a variety of queef animals, but the climate of northern France in winter mood is far from friendly and the warm weather pets have mostly been “done in.” Probably the most amazing of all war pets, however, was the Hon cub< adopted by the Americans in the French aviation service. They read in a Paris newspaper that a “perfect dear of a cub” was for sale and promptly sent emissaries tn to buy him. They said when he grew up they were going to drop him in the German lines, but he was spoiled Into being a pampered ‘pet instead of a maneater, and finally because his playful howls at night became a nuisance he was sent to the zoo.

Mend Boy's Skull With Dime.

Memphis, Tenn.—When a mule kicked Livingstone McConnell, a three-year-old negro boy, in the head, the blow broke the.’skull. Surgeons replaced the broken bone with a brandnew dime of the mintage of 1917. The dime will go to the grave with the negro. Coming generations may find and marvel at it.

British Navy’s Mystery Fleet

So Called Because It Steals Away Quickly and Brags of Little It Does. GUARDS CHANNEL PASSAGE Only Three Merchant Ships Have Been Lost Out of 21,000 Starting on .the Trip—Germans Find Channel Too Warm. By JOSEPH W. GRIGG. (Special Staff Correspondent of the New York World.) With the Dover Patrol.—This is the mystery fleet that moors in mystery port. It is the mystery fleet because it steals away quickly and brags of little that it does. Its mooring is the mystery port because here are concocted the plans and here are many of the mediums .with which the patrol has wrought its enviable record. - A rusty-looking drifter may hold the secret of a tale that can be told only after the war—“for strategic rea- ; who, if plying his fradp of fisher man,.could now be making SSOO in a day in these times of high prices. “That’s what my father made one day last week,” said a young fisherman. “But he can’t join us because lie’s too old.” These drifters run across things which have been hidden away in Davy Jones’ locker for a good, many,years; and they also discover things more modern, which perhaps accounts sojnewhat for the diminution in U-boat activities in the “Neck of the Bottle,” as the British channel is called.

Work Is Well Done. They are only one of the agents tor counteracting the work of the Germans. I have seen others in the mystery port. How well they have worked of recent months is shown by the fact that only three out of a total of 21,000 merchantmen that passed through the patrwl were destroyed. That means only one thing to the mind of the patrol —the-Germans are going elsewhere, having found the channel a bit too warm. ~ It has been my privilege to see the men who are doing this work, the ones at the top as well as those at the bottom. They are men of few words but, good humor. out in the harbor- lay formidable craft? ijermahs Of the Belgian coast know well, for many of her “souvenirs” have hurtled their way precipitately into their fortifications. 1 was told I might have a close inspection, and soonhad traversed theintervening stretch of water and(scampered up her gangway, to be received by an. officer who had not long since been trying conclusions with the German batteries. She might have been built on a concrete foundation, for the choppy harbor had no effect whatever upon her. I watched the ihaneuverIng of the big guns, which were said to make no noise inside the turrets, but pntejdp—that was a different matter. (Paragraph deleted here by the chief censor of the admiralty, who wrote in its place; “Sorry, but it had to go. D. B.”) Standing on the bridge of thia big

PENS PRIZE POEM IN WILDS

Miss Ethelwyn Dlthridge Is Given ■ Award for Sixteen Lines Written in Labrador. • New York—While In the wilds of Labrador several summers ago, Miss Ethelwyn Dlthridge, a teacher of English in the Bushwick high school. Brooklyn, had a poetic inspiration. She sat down before a fire In the Gsenfell mission there and wrote 16 lines. The short poem was named, “As Thou Wilt. 1 ’ • The poem expressed kindly thoughts’ toward children. The judges it} a contest recently held under the auspices of the St. Louis Art league picked the poem from 50Q as the best literary effort of the season and gave to Its author the first prize. T?he prize was z a check for SIOO, which Miss Dithridge received at her home Ln Hol 1 is, L. I. _g—

BULLDOG LEARNS NEW TRICK

New York Crowds Flock in Fifth Avenue to See Jack “Hit" the Meerschaum. New York. —Jack, a snow-white r EngHsh bulldog, has learned a new trick, and as a result Fflfth^a venue—at least nine blocks of it—staifds StllF" for a few minutes each day. Jack now smokes a meerschaum pipe, and his smoking hour is every noon, when he leads the secretary of the Society for the Propagation of the Faith from that office up to the Union Trust company. Jack and the secretary between them carry the gifts for the .last 24 hours to deposit them. Jack’s accomplishments do not end with his smoking. He washes his face, combs his hair and salutes persons who jcall to leave

War Cause of Divorce.

New York.—“l’ll go back to him if he will concede the allies will win,” said Mrs. H. Decker, Russian, in the domestic relations court. “I’ll never do that,” answered Decker, German. They were granted a divorce.” -

war vessel I could see circling far overhead three or four airplanes of the patrol. Snuggled well under the surface of the water a little to the left was something gray that resembled a whale come dp for a 'breath. It was a submarine. “Will sea war of the future be fought out— largely —by— submarines?” I had asked one of the fleet’s chief spokesmen. “There might be such form of warfare,” was his rejoinder; “one can never tell. In this war everything has .grown bigger—guns, destroyers, submarines. Perhaps,” he said with a smile, “there’ll be a gun in the next war which, if placed at the proper angle, might lob shells into America from Europe, or vice versa.” Down in a Submarine. In company with her commander I was soon to visit the undersea boat which I had seen from the deck of her giantlike patrol brother. Once inside, I was hopelessly confounded by a mass of brass and bronze pipes, so immaculately clean they could have well done the work of mirrors. She, tod, had had a recent cruise and lay _ready,-tLg_UiU patJ-qls must.he,..for—any---emergency.——— —- • :■ ——j '■" “Down “and at ’E mottoT” carved in a shining brass plate in a conspicuous place. Her commander was acquainted with Captain Koenig’s exploits in the Deutschland. Officers of the fleet consider it only an advertising undertaking, and a very expensive one, and in Itself a conspicuous example of the unprofitable use of! the submarine as a merchant ship. “We could go to America, too, but there is no reason why we should make such a trip; it isn’t necessary.” There l was only a gentle movement to the submarine. I was taken through her from one end to the other and came out, after a final last look through the" periscope, with a recollection^of coils of pipe interlaced in an arabesque design <ii unfathomable intricacy. “We can be ready to leave in eight minutes,” said her proud commander.

HE FED HER CAT AND HORSE MEAT

Los Angeles,' Cal. —Cat soup and horse steaks do not constitute good provisions, according to Mrs. William Vazanak, who appeared in court here to press a charge of failure to provide she brought against her husband. The woman declared that Vazanuk boiled a kitten to make chowder and furnished the table with several choice steaks cut from the carcass of the family hag.

Comb Flattens Bullet.

Fenton, ill. —Mrs. Henry Suther* land of West Frankfort, <>f a few weeks, was'struck by a\»tray bullet, which came through the door her father’s home, and narrowly escaped death. Mrs. Sutherland fell against a stove. The bullet had struck against the metal cpmb. The comb practically saved her life.