Evening Republican, Volume 21, Number 63, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 16 March 1917 — Standard Time by Western Union. [ARTICLE]

Standard Time by Western Union.

The time used in all the ailrnrs of civil ufo m piactKally every civmzeu country is what is known as mean soiartime as dlstinguisueu irom true soiar time recoroeu by sun aiais. Tile mean soiar day begins at nmmignt. rrior to 1833 there exisvea Cnro ugliout Uie Lmteu bcaies a great variety oi "ume" oenveu uom various sources. On November 18, 1883, by uie joint action of me railway companies ana tne peopie of the several communities, a uniform standard ume system was adopted. The country was divided into ume zones known as Eastern, Central, Mountain and i acinc Ume respectively, governed oy me mean, time oi tne 7otii, bOm, 105 m and X2otui degrees West of Greenwicfl. fHe time at ail places m any zone is the same, and the difference in tune traviing west, between any two adjacent zones is one hour earlier. At 12 o'clock Eastern time it is If a. m. Central time, 10 a. m. Mountain Ume and 0 a. in. Pacific time. At the U. S. naval observatories at D. C., and Mare TNand. Cal., government experts daily determine by astronomical observations tiie correct solar time. Tne results of mese observations are recorded by means of a effronograpn, irom whicn tne transmitting clocks are regulated, i'he transmitting clocks are regulated very accurately and are seldom in error to a greater amount than one-tenth or two-tenths of a second. These transmitting clocks are connected by wire with the Western Union’s operating departments in Washington and San Francisco and days and general holidays, beginning at 11:55 a. m. and ending at exactly 12 i djans,- the tiiffe 'shown by the naval observatory transmitting clocks is transmitted in seconds to our operating departments, where the beats are picked up and automatically transmitted over the company’s telegraph system throughout the length and breadth of the United States. This is the standard time of the United States. The telegraph company’s time service business consists in furnishing, on rental, self-winding synchronized clocks manufactured b/ the Self Winding Glock Company of Neiw York, and. in the regulation, of these clocks by hourly time signals, also the regulation of self winding clocks purchased outright. The clocks are connected by wire to special time circuits and every hour day and night the clocks are automatically lifted- • , * The telegraph company furnishes, installs and maintains various styles of clocks at annual erirtals averag as low as 3% cents a day. Tne company has at present time upwards of 65,000 subscribers and although cooieiderahly circumecribed by limite- . tinns at expense and restrictive municipal ordinances, the service is being constantly increased and developed.