Evening Republican, Volume 21, Number 18, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 23 January 1917 — Page 2

Restrictive Measures Needed to Check Flood of Immigration When War Ends

The highest market for labor after the war will be undoubtedly in the I'ntted-States. Prices will be high here; toff.r-ne doubt, and wages probably will liof lietso high as they are now. Nevertheless, the U nited ►States will be the. best country in whieh to make a living and the Euro-jn-an countries will be the worst— So immigration at the rate of. something more than a hrrWton a year is a reasonable thing to expect. TfriFitow wilLlcome To Us witere the work of reconstruction is not going to be a material factor in holding the laborers. It is a mistake to think of the upbuilding of San Francisco after her 1 earthquake, <»r of the reconstruction of Baltimore after her fire, tfs a sample of the things that are, going to happen in Europe. San Francisco and Baltimore were rich cities in a rich country, and reconstruction of something better than that whieh had been destroyed came quickly and as a matter of course. For a symbol of-what is coming in Europe it is better to look to Messina, wliieh'was destroyed eight years ago, and is still in ruins because -of the wniparative-povtu+y of the people of that city and of Italy, they will be much poorer at the end of the war than they were at the time of the Sicilian earthquakes. and the same will be true of Poland and to h gfaMFjuteni of Serlh'imirl Ahw mhl of the Balkuuw<~ Of course any increase in immigration is going to put emphasis once more on the question of whether <>r no the United States should adopt restrictive measures. Personally 1 believe that we shouldr- —That max sound selfish. Butrin a broad way, we cannot in the -United States to raise the tone of our citizenship without its reacting favorably on the other countries of the world. People would simply stay at home until they were better prepared to come, and be the sort of citizens that we ought to haxe. and their home countries would see to it that they were bo prepared. With permanent improvement in Europe, -they would be less likelyto want- to come. — —Z We should tell the: rest of the wprld what-knid of raw material we want for the making of .American citizens and then we will get it.

Crime Can Best Be Reduced by Making Study of Defectives From Childhood

The ultimate result of modern methods is that reformatories wdl . J<ecome -laboratories-tor the.-stttdy of-defectives, The defect rvedclinipient is the great problem of society today. The mentally normal may, with proper supervision, be brought back to usefulness. The defective seldom can, for some of them, after becoming adults, never acquire greater mentality than a child of twelve. Segregation of the defective delinquent is a desirable method; and probation methods may make it possible to use the present institutions for such segregation, while the normal are kept at work outside. There is nothing like keeping meh at work, earning a living, to keep them out of mischief. The great demand for labor, skilled and unskilled, resulting from the European war, is.one of the causes that have lessened the population of the institutions. What will'happen when the war ends and the demand for labojx has ceased no one can foretell. Probation, directed by the proper men, by efficient officers, men of experience and judgment-, is one of the effective means of dealing with those delinquents who are not defective. There has been progressiveness in the treatment of offenders, The old idea was vengeance and retribution; then came repression; then refor- . mation, and now prevention. Sanitary science and medicine recognize prevention afe a most desirable agency. Actual prevention in criminology Wy be is impossible except in the case of defectives who come under control of the state. But repetition of offense may be prevented by a proper system of probation when sentence imposed for Pe first offense has been served or is suspended. » ■ -■■■-Z . . - 1

Universal Military Training Tends to Abolish Senseless Class Distinctions

We advocate military training of all young men physically and mentally fit for at least one year with the colors in any year from eighteen to twenty-one. because of its value in building up their health. Ihe physical condition of our young men. as shown by the date examiftatroff of National Guardsmen. calls for at least one year of military framing —wnd regular living as a necessity on the basis'of health, the development of manly and independent qualities, alertness of mind and body, promptness in action, individual hygiene and discipline, respect for authority, obedience to daw —a weak point in our national character is our impa- ' tience at all legal restraint—add the unifying influence created by the assoCTHtioir of youug men of all races and all- classes. . There is m> doid.t in my mind that a shoiilder-to-shouhler association will tend rapidly toward the decline of our unmanly.Siiggnericaß and senseless class distinctions.

Strong National Credit Would Result in Saving if Government Owned Roads „

One billion two “hundred million “economic saving" would result from ' government railroad ownership. The saving would be made possible by government credit, since the government can borrow money for less , interest than anyone else. Even ts fhc roads cost the government $15.333,333,000—the full amount of their capitalization, water and all—and even if the interest rate should rise to 3y 2 per cenU the'annual saving to the government would be $500,000,000. . v Fifteen governments now own th vr railroads, in whole or in part. In all thestf countries labor is treated better than under private ownership Service u better, and there is more safety/ ’■

By R. F. FOERSTER

Professor of Economics of Harvard University

By COL. CYRUS BARTON ADAMS

Director of Massachusetts Prison*

By LIEUT. GEN. S. B. M. YOUNG

President Association for Universal Military Training

By Col. Smith W. Brookhart

. ■ - ■ THE EVENING REPUBLICAN. RENSSELAER, IND.

An Austrian barricade built across railroad tracks on the Italian front.

RADIUM IS USED WITH SUCCESS IN ADVANCED CASES OF CANCER

Important Palliative Results Have Been Obtained, but It Cannot Be Relied Upon to Effect a Permanent Cure in Late Stages o.f Inoperable Tumors, Is tfie Message of Science to the Public. .

New York.—Although radium ha.s produced very important palliative results in advanced cases of cancer. and lias-eveiiZ in a considerable cases, apiatrenlly caused a complete disappearance of the disease, yet it cannot be relied upon to effect a nianent cure in the late stages of inoperable tumors, aiid therefore the importance of early diagnosis of cancer is again emphasized. Such,, is the essential message ITmn science io the public, bn the present status of the radium treatment, according io Dr. James Ewing of Cornell University Medical college who took part in a symposium on this disease held this afternoon at Museum of Natural History under the auspices of Section K (Physiology and Experimental Medicine) of the American As? sociation for the Advancement of Science. Other papers of special scientific interest were presented by a number of the foremost students of the _cancer problem. --- Doctor Ewing spoke from ills experience with the radium treatment of cancer at the Memorial hospital with which he is connected as director of Cancer Research amt which is receiving, through the generosity of Dr. Janies Douglas, a large part of the radium now nrodUcetLuinder improved processes by the United States Bureau of Mines in co-operation with the.Nio tiofial Kadium institute. Remarkably Little Scarring. According to the speaker the use of radium in cancer has within the lasi ten years established itself as an excellent method of dealing with benign and malignant tumors of the skin which, when properly applied, ally removes promptly and with remarkably little scarring. In the major types of cancer of the accessible mucous membranes radium has also achieved considerable success. It has been chiefly tested in uterine cancer in which* disease it has accomplished radical improvement of many inoperable cases and several apparently complete curty as attested by pdst-mortem examination after the patients had died from oflier causes. A number of t oreign surgeons stale that their results are. better than with surgery and they einploy radium in both operable and inoperable Uterine cases. The leading American surgeons who are usingradium obtain equally good results, but take the opposite position that .they orefer to operate in suitable cases. According to The speaker, much the same situation exists in regard to many other forms of accessible cancer, while a few authorities oven report apparent success wi tli - such those of the lip, tongue, rectum, etc. has liecoine iippa’rent Z saig.' Doctor Ewing, “that 'success depends very largely upon the skill and accuracy of application, upon a knowledge of the anatomical character of the particular tumors treated, and above all, upon attacking the disease before it is too 'ftir advanced."

Limitations of Radium. Referri-ng to the limitations of radium therapy as ■numerous and formidable." Doctor Ewing pointed out that “the supply of this metal is small and generally restricted to a few institutions. The requisite skill to appfy it safely and effectively and. to choose suitable cases is still more restricted. Beginners often do more harm than good and it is easy to discredit the agent entirely. The methods are badly ( in need of standardization. Underdosa&e may destroy superficial tumor cells only and leave the deeper ones to grow in the inflamed tissues. Overdosage causes the destrtMion of normal or diseased tissues, resulting in fistulas, hemorrhage and severe infection. With repeated doses tumor Sells appear- to become W mnl normal tissue more ble. Excessive scarring often results and prolonged exposure, to large amounts often eauses,ij, F peculiar and severe form of general intoxication. Several workers have had fatal results from their attempts to cure advanced cases. Finally, radium has only a local affect, extending nt most to a depth of 4x to ten centimeters, and If it has

AUSTRIAN BARRICADE ACROSS A RAILWAY

any consfit utiontrl influence this- cannot - be relied upon to deal with extensive local or generalized cancer. Under , these.. .circumshmtatsi. a. general..x.e£«.m—mendation to the public to resort to radium for all types and stages of cancer is decidedly inadvisable.” Future of Radium. With reference to the future of radium, Doctor Ewing did not venture a forecast, but pointed out that verj great significance muslTbe attached to Its selective action on many kinds of tumor tissue. In spite of rapid improvement in the technique of application, the speaker believed that on the whole the met hods are still comparatively crude," although he had little dotibt that exact dosage and accurate -.tojustnient of worked out to a much greater degree than Is now accomplished. “For inoperable cases,” Doctor Ewing said,, in conclusion, “the value of radium, although great,, is perhaps already overestimated. To what extent it may establish itself in the treatment of operable cases it remains for the future to decide.” Dr. Joseph!'. Bloodgood of JohnsHopkins university spoke from the surgeon’s point of view on cancer in tlie human being.upon the importance of tlie pre-exist-ing lesions which may develop into cancer and in the .treatment and removal of which lies the chief opportunity of preventing this disease. Doctor Bloodgood made it clear that cancer in its early stogesffs easily Cured. ; “The disease,” lie said, “usually ■ springs from a pre-existing lesion allowed to go unattended. Chronic irritation of a sore may also contribute. Tin external cancer the warning is vis- } ilrte or can be felt UnfOTtunately, pain is rarely present. A tnole or a wart, a small area covered with a scab, ! a small lump or nodule beneath the ’ skin, an unhealetl wound, all of these ! may indicate potential cancer. The J-appearance of these defects should 4 mean a cal.l upon the physician for exI amination as to the probabllity^of’ in- ] eipient cancer. Not 1 njtuj-Just ky I taking tlie precaution if symptoms are : not founil and. on tlie .other-hand, tlie .•risk is toq ( great to allow the warnings to gounheeded. The question lie

MRS. BEN LINDSEY

Mrs. Ben Lindsey, wife of Judge Lindsey of the Denver juvenile court, who will shortly star in the movies. She will act in a serlqs of pictures built about her husband's work in Ids famous juvenile court.

BALKS AT TRIP FOR “REMAINS”

Chicago.—Jerry Cohan, an undersized messenger boy, started north tlie other day from the Audi torlum hotel . office with—a sealed inessage reading. “Bring remains of Mr. Rosenfleld from Graceland cemetery to Mrs. Rosenfleld, No. street?’ Jerry began wondering what message carried him to a cemetery. Opening the message, he read it, then got off the car. and where he told Miss Flynn, .“Say, I will carry anything but a ‘stiff.’ I balk- at the ■'stiff? ” and left the hotel for home. Another messenger delivered the message and took the “remains,” which had beencremated, to the proper person.

this case is decided by the physician, and in many eases a minor operation removes a probable cause of the disease.”

Always Gives Warning. “No man ever yet had a cancer on the iijj„pr..XQt.igue wi thou t first expert? encihg some - waffling,” continued the speaker. “The defect may be a burn from continued smoking or an irritation from ragged teeth. The probabilities of a cure are excellent when men heed such signals of possible danger and are treated at once. Tobacco users are more "subject to cancer than those who do not use it. There is no means of preventing cancer of the Tbreasf, the Appearance of a lump or a discharge from the nipple being the first sign, but when such lumps are at once removed on their discovery, half will be found benign, that is, not cancerous. The removal of benign lumps undoubtedly prevents cancer in many cases, since modern medicine clearly recognizes the danger of benign lumps turning to malignant disease of the breast. The chances of permanent recovery in true breast cancer vary with tlie exact type of the disease, but are excellent if it is recognized early and completely removed. . The chance of recovery grows less and less as the delay is more and more protracted until cancer is incurable from the fytent-of-the local or general involvement. Cancer of the stomach is a more difficult proposition, but even in such cases ! there is usually a warning. Abnormal ' sensations of daily recurrence should not be neglected. So-called indlges"tion or what is styled ‘colic’ may be the warning. The chances are that it is not. Inn it may be so. If the pa in, the sensations, the message from this part of the body comes, time and time again, especially among people over thirty or forty years of age, a physician should surely be consulted."

Nothing to Be Ashamed of. ‘The mortality from cancer.” concluded the speaker, ‘‘could be reduced considerably' if the average pet-son knew how to take care of himself. It is 11ot a ‘blood disease,’ it :1s not a dlseasewhtclr people have any reason to tie ashamed of. So far as physicians can tell, it is.not brought on by illhealth or, food. It comes to healthy persons, the healthy man or the healthy tpiiuan; but if the simple, easily noticed warnings be heeded the task becomes comparatively easy and the only miracle we have to perforin is to educate a million people where we now educate one." —X- historical survey of the crusade against cancer through the education of the public was given by Curtis E. Lakeman, executive secretary of the American Society for the Control of Cancer. He said that the .first widely known campaign of this kind was initiated by Professor Winter of Koenigsberg, Prussia, in 1891. As a result the cancer death rate of that vicinity had been definitely lowered and a large increase ip the number of women applylng for treatment in the early and operablestages of the di sense had been noticed. '

Old Man, Never Sick.

ShelbyH 'Jolly, a farmer and Hfekmg I>emocrat, was in Shelby recently. He was seventy-two years of age on January 1, and in all of this long life he ha,s never taken a dose of .medicine of any kind, never had a physician, never been under the Influence of strong drink, and during the four years of war, when he served with the Confederate army, he never missed a roll call.

GOD’S HOLY PEACE

To Achieve It, Better and More Christian State of Life Must Be the Aim of All. I ' | “Blessed are the peacemakers; for they shall be called the children of God.” —Matt. 5:9. A soldier’s epitaph. Do not these wonderful words of blessing ring in our ears as we scan anxiously, wistfully, day by day the list of the fallen on the battlefield. They, we, feel, fire the "true peacemakers in this terrible time, the men who give their all—who give themselves for the cause of peace. They also who make what is’ perhaps the greater sacrifice, who come back maimed or cripplod for life, yet lighthearted, with the happiness of men who have made the greatest surrender. Shall we think together for a few moments of God’s peace and how he giv.-s it? It may help us now, and hereafter when the war is over, and international and' domestic problems come pressing upon us with bewilder- ' ing insistence—help us to playthe part which each of us must play toward the achievement of a better and more Christian state of life. The peace which preceded this war, judged by bur standard, was a false peace. The mighty forces of human nature, of racial tendency, of national self-assertiveness - were there, but there was no complete harmony, - no real co-operation. Individuals, classes, groups, nations, were either en—gaged in a wild competition of- selfassertion and self-aggfahdlzement, or, in cowardice or cynical sloth, standing aside and-saying, “Let thingy taketheir course? 1 "Detr them fight limit:"-' Hence the growth of an unchristian spirit in commerce and industry, in social life, in politics, national and international.

To Obtain Peace Within. With the individual it is as with the community, for God has made each of us a bundle of mighty forces—forces which if left ungoverned may bring swift, disasteh even as- earthquake or hurricane bring death and destruction where they break forth. "Our passions, desires, all the natural movements and tendencies, of our body and spirit, must needs be corfhe'-. hand of God, if we are to have peace within. The co-operatfon of us all, and of all our best faculties at their best. God-given capacities given back, to God for his control, and all their energy put forth without self-assertion, in harmony with the movement of our fellows—such is and shall be the work of the peacemaker at-home. It is work that can only be effective if, first, we have made our own peace with God. The Beatitudes are our best study In wartime, and in every time, for they give us the portrait of our Master, sketched by his own hand. Here are meekness and mercy, the antidote to self-assertion and brutal truculence; but between the two—at the heart of them as it were?—a flaming passion for righteousness, such as winged the words of shriveling denunciation pronounced against the Pharisees, and nerved the arm that lashed the traffickers out of the temple courts. Gifts Man Must Cultivate. All these gifts we must covet earnestlyifwe would be true peacemakers, for it is the growth-of Christ 4n us, and’ that alone that can make us worthy to be called “Sons of God?’ : —And so we~eomezto him in the holy sacrament of fellowship and peace, craving the gifts that shall most effectually make his likeness to grow In us. Much we have learned anew of this holy sacrament la these troublous times. We have learned to value it more than ever before as a meeting-place of the great—concourse of the faithful, where we can actualize by our communion with him our privilege of communion with all who are in him. Bere we, make gbod our fellowshliiin-tim“Coramunion oF Saints,” living and departed? At God’s altar we feel ourselves most near to those, our lovedones. —atn* heroes, whose bodily presence is rest JM f or a while. learned to value it more as the great foctis of Christian intercession, where in the very presence of our great High Priest and Intercessor we can lay before the Almighty Father the needs of our loved ones in peril.

Church’s Weakness.

I* is still true that if we will “let him (Jesus) .. . alone,” unencumbered by our doctrine and dogma, unfettered by ritual and ceremony, undistorted by (he~fulse witness of life which denies faith, “all meh will’ believe on him.” Nothing is clearer than the fact that the world’s quarrel Is not with Christ, but with attempted human organization of his Influence. Yet the tragedy, not only of today but of former days also, Is that the church has not been able to leave Christ alone. This is the secret of her too obvious weakness. This is why she has so little spiritual grip' upon the world. She has lost the apostolic spirit of “no man, save Jesus only,” In her own life, and consequently In her message and witness. —The Christian.

Life of Peace.

A- - - 1 To have known one good old manone man who, through the chances and mischances of a long life, hits carried his heart in his hand, like a palm branch, waving all discords into peace —helps our faith in God, in ourselves, and in each other, more than many sermons.—G. W. Curtis. . *