Evening Republican, Volume 21, Number 7, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 10 January 1917 — Page 2

Capital and Labor Must Cooperate to Meet Conditions Growing Out of War

* i"j" . 1 ■" ■■■■' - ' Tv If capital and labor, which inevitably must be joined in all forms of endeavor , could deal with perfect mutual understanding and confi- * deuce, results could be achieved far beyond anything heretofore accomplished. ‘ : In the world conditions now prevailing the people of the belligerent nations have, under the stress of a compelling necessity, developed a degree of cooperation and efficiency in production of which they never ~ tfefore knew themselves capable, and -which has never been approached * anywhere else in the world. . The war has produced many ’unprecedented conditions. r ! his is only one of them. After it is over there will he many we shall have to meet and many changes to which we shall have to adapt ourselves; some cannot be foretold or foreseen, but it appears to me inevitable that the consciousness of efficiency and productive power that has been developed in the European peoples will lead them not .to return. tQ. previous methods or., lives of indolence or ease, but that they will turn their pewly developed powers to production in peaceful pursuits, and that we then shall -have to meet in foreign fields and perhaps in domestic trade the 1 force of a competitive production organized upon a degree of efficiency which we have never before had to eombat. , If I am right, under the conditions that will then prevail, the relations between capital and labor in this country will become of still greater moment to us than ever before. I think there is no single element in industry before this country today of such vast importance as the matter of bringing these two constituents into mutual confidence and understanding in a real spirit of co-operation. , The peaceful progress of industry, free from strikes or lockouts, ia essential to economic results. In all great public services where the public interest exceeds tifat of employers and employees, some method must be found preventive of interruptions of service, which are wasteful and costly often beyond computation; methods which will enable the public to be currently, adequately and correctly informed in order that public opinion, usually the determining force, may be well founded. No greater service could at this time be rendered than to find spine system by which industrial disputes may be avoided or adjusted J»efore they reach the crisis of a struggle which dislocates industry, causes employers and employees untold loss, and injures the publics welfare.

Minister Must Have Right to Express His Opinions Upon Political Matters

I believe that God is interested in human life in its entirety. I believe that every man must be spiritual and moral, and that it will do him no harm if occasionally he exhibits a gleam of intelligence, not only ip his church but in all other For this reason I am not willing because 1 am a preacher to surrender one iota of my duties or my rights as a citizen and a man. As man and citizen, then, I claim the right to speak to my fellowcitizens and fellow men. As a minister I would defend my right to express opinions on political and moral questions from the pulpit. I point to the precedent established by spiritual leaders throughout the ages. Martin Luther was a great statesman who laid the foundations of a nation, expounded great political principles, and created a language for a people. John Knox had his part in the building of Scotland; Cromwell was soldier, statesman and preacherrthe“ influence of the minister of the Gospel is shown in the entire political and social fabric of our civilization. Should the voice of Soger Williams, founder and builder of Ehode island, have been silenced for uttering the principles of American political and spiritual liberty? Jonathan Edwards and Cotton Mather were not dumb when they tat that , what they might utter from their pulpits would be a guide to their fellow men. Should John Witherspoon, Presbyterian minister and a signer of the Declaration of Independence, have held his peace in the days which tried men’s souls? As 4ong, then, as I believe that the spirit of God is in the world 1 shall hold that the pulpit should speak fearlessly on all great questions which touch the lives of men and affect the ideals of a nation. ,

Histories Used in the Schools Have Covered Up Many Disagreeable Facts

Our histories, especially the school histories, have misled and misdirected public thought. * They have ignored or . covered up disagreeable facts because it was thought to be unpatriotic to tell these facts. In keeping the child (and in consequence the adult) in ignorance of the proper means and requirements for protection from the danger of national aggression or invasion, the educational system of the nation has been badly at-fault. Therefore, just as the school prepares the pupil to earn his bread, it is held that the school should also show him how to frfntr~f hln *"**»»« of livelihood and doit at least cost. As armies go, we have always been a nation without an army of any considerable size, excepting when war came. It is contended that the public-school pupil should know by the incorruptible facts of history - whether this has been the best policy —whether it has prevented war or brought war; Whether it has saved lives or wasted lives; whether it has saved money or wasted,money. * It is well within the province of schools to give the pupil the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, on ( the history'of his country, egpecially as the lack of that knowledge may easily lead to a national. It is not, however, to be supposed that public-school pupils will be taught the technicalities of military policies—instead they may properly be shown the fundamental reasons for many great events —such, for instance as why the United States was compelled to employ 627,654soldiers during the war of 1812, while the greatest force the British had during any one year of that war was only 16,500; and why, despite 4 this of numbers, the small British repeatedly defeated our troops with little effort. fr*" • 1 • ■ «

By EUGENE H. OUTERBRIDGE

President New York Chamber of Commerce

By REV. CHARLES A. EATON

Pastor Madison Avenue Baptist Church, New York

By JAMES E. CLARK

THE EVENING REPUBLICAN, RENSSELAER. INT>.

PITCAIRN WOMEN SAID TO BE IN NED OF CLOTHES

Sea Captain Gives Interesting Information About. Little Dot in Pacific, i • . • SELDOM TOUCHED OY SHIPS An Abundance of Food Is Raised on the Island, but Nothing From Which Clothes Can Be Made-«t~ People Speak English, Are Honest and Religious. New York. —Miss Flora MeFlimsey of Madison square, who really and truly had nothing to wear, was indeed In sad plight, but her plight was not nearly so sad as, is that of the Pitcairn island ladies, according to the report brought to this city by the ship Port Hardy, which arrived via London a few days ago. The Port Hardy plies between New York and Australia, . returning by way of London, and is commanded by Captain Griffiths. He had visited Pitcairn island in 1891 and, having a desire to revisit it, touched there on his Jast voyage out, in June of this year. The island, a mere speck in the vast -expanse of the Pacific ocean, lies about half way between the western extremity of the Panama canal and New Zealand. The island is a rocky promontory rising from 1,000 to 2,000 feet above the sea level. It is about two and a half miles long and one mile wide. It is well wooded and covered with luxuriant tropical vegetation. The sides are sheer rock cliffs andj there is no harbor or anchorage for ships, though a bight in the coast line is known as Bounty bay. The Port Hardy, though nominally touching, did not anchor,, but merely “lay to” off shore. That was a sufficient invitation to a number of the islanders, men, women and children, to come ,aboard. The Inhabitants, 160 In round numbers, were amply supplied with food, but badly in need of clothing, especially the women, who have nothing with which to make dresses. Their sisters of Murray Hill will, recognize that as a really trying situation. The fact is that an abundance of food is . raised on the isla.R«h 1 but nothing from which clothing may be made. As the island has no trade with anywhere and ships seldom touch there, the Pitcairn women have been reduced to the pitiful necessity of fashioning their dresses from the cast-off garments of men. So they have sent a moving appeal by Captain Griffiths to their more fortunate sisters of New York for serviceable dressmaking material. They also need thread, needles and some other articles such as -writing paper, pencils, slates for school children, paraffin oil, soap and nails, all of which the captain has promised to take back to them if they are given to him. Speak Good English. Concerning the people of Pitcairn, Captain Griffiths said that the women were dusky-hued, like their Tahitian maternal ancestors, but the men have more of the European coloring. They speak no other language than English, and excellent English, too. They were strictly honest,._and exceedingly religious. In religion they are Seventh Day Adventists. Their religious ideas appear to have been derived from Alexander Smith, one of the original settlers, who afterward changed his name to John Adams and endeavored to atone for his mutinous conduct by educating and civilizing the rising generation, tThere is one church and one sehoolhouse on the island and the children seem to be well instructed. * £o far as Captain Griffiths knows, the only animals on the island are goats, though pigs are mentioned by "earlier visitors. Fruits, especially oranges of large size and excellent quality, are abundant. Breadfruit, yams, potatoes and sugar cane are also grown. About the only industry besides agriculture is the manufacture of straw hats from native straw. The only vessel regularly visiting the island is a seaman’s missionary schooner from San Francisco, which touches there about once In six months. The islanders are now, however, trying to build -a schooner themselves for trading purposes, and to that end were helped by Captain Griffiths with 200 pounds of nails and a bale of oakum, which he happened to be able to spare. He says the islanders have a great admiration for America. * • . - The story of Pitcairn island is one of the strongest in history. The Island was discovered by Carteret in 1767 and named by him after one of his officers, but it was not again visited bv Europeans until It was taken possession of by some of the Bounty niutineerjs. William Bligh. an English naval officer, who had made the circumnavigating voyage tinder Captain Cook, was sent out in December, 1787, to Tahiti, in,, command of the ship Bounty, to collect breadfruit trees for transplanting in the West Indies. The Bounty arrived at Tahiti In October, ITS®, and remained there six months “©Meeting the plants. With more than 1,000 slants aboard she set sail for Jamaica, --April 4, 1789. was a

tyrannical officer and the men under him had been captivated by the easy life In Tahiti. On April 28 they mutinied. cast ißpigh and 18 other me>n adrift in thd Chip’s launch and 'sailed back to Tahiti. Bligh , and hi * com; panions reached the island of Timor on the fourteenth of June, after sailboat and suffering dreadful privations. Mutineers Made Merry. Meanwhile the mutineers made merry for a while at Tahiti, but Fletcher Christian, their leader, fearing pursuit, decided to-seek a more secure refuge. However, some of the muti deers refused to follow him, so Christian, with eight of his shipmates,-“MX Tahitian meb and 12 Tahitian women, sailed for Pitcairn island* where they arrived and settled in 1790, after burning the Bounty. Christian was justified In anticipating pursuit. In time Tahiti was visited by another British man-of-war under Captain Edwards In search of the’ mutineers. Fourteen of the sixteen who remained in Tahiti were captured, and three of them were executed in September, 1792, —— Of Christian and his company no trace was discovered until 1808, when Captain Folger, an American skipper, touched at Pitcairn island and found their survivors and descendants living there. In the meantime all of the mutineers except Alexander Smith, all of the Tahitia* men and several of the women had died ojScdisease or violence. After being informed of Captain Folger’s discovery#.- the British government took no, steps in the matter until 1814* when in September, H. M. S. Britain touched at the island and found old Smith, or Adams, still alive, commai’iding the respect and admiration of the whole little colony by his exemplary conduct and fatherly care of them. The settlers there were visited again by British ships in 1825 and 1830, and the later visitors confirmed the testimony of- the earlier ns to their exemplary conduct. In 1831 they deemed their population—only 87 —too great for the island, and at their request many were transported by the British government to Tahiti. But, shocked by the morals of their Tahitian relatives and friends, after a ninemonths’ sojourn they returned to the island at their own expense. In 1839 ItEey besought Captain Elliott - of H. M. S. Fly, who 1 visited them, to be taken under the protection of the British government because of annoyances from the lawless crews of whalers who occasionally visited them. Taken Over by British. Captain Elliott accordingly- took possession of the island in the name of Queen Victoria, gave them a Union Jack and recognized their- self-elected magistrate. They were frequently visited by English ships until 1855, when, again deeming their numbers too great for the island, they petitioned the British government to grant them the larger and more productive Norfolk island, to which they were removed in 1850. In 1859, two families, numbering 17 persons, returned to Pitcairn island, and the present inhabitants are descended from those. An officer of the British ship Opal, which visited the island in 1879, wrote ns follows: “We just left a place of great interest, namely Pitcairn island. After a 30-days’ passage from San Francisco we sighted the island at 8 a. na. on the 2nd of July and at ten o'clock anchored off Bounty bay—the first time a man-of-war has anchored there for about twenty years, it being customary to steam off and on the island while communicating with if. “Immediately on our arrival," he wrote, “the islanders launched a boat through the surf, and came off with a quantity of fruit for us. The .chief magistrate, whose name is McCoy, came on board, as did also some of the Youngs and Christians. I say advisedly some of them, for it is very difficult to find out who is who on the island, they all being Yaiings, Christions, McCoys or Warrens, although a fashion is coming In vogue—owing to the confusion caused by there being only about five names between 93 persons—of individuals assuming names. Thus one of the Christians has taken the name of Downes, and is bringing up a family under that cognomen, while another has assumed the name of-Selwyjn. If this continues into a few generations it will be hard to trace with the original names of the Bounty.”

SHE SMOKES IN THE STREET; PUT IN MIL

Philadelphia, Pa.—Mrs. Margaret Wilda, thirty-eight years oM, was arrested the other night when a policeman saw. her smoking a cigarette on the street. The policeman told Mrs. Wilda her uct WflS a breach of the peace. She refused to put the cigarette out and was held in jail over night. She told Magistrate Tracey in the mornlngehe had quarreled with her husband and smoked on the street “for spite." The magis-

Says Woman Kidnaped Him.

Hnyonne, N. J. —“She kidnaped me” was the plea of Peter A. Walsk when arraigned on complaint of Emil Ezmeral, his neighbor, who charged that Watsk had eloped with Mrs. moral.

Has Mania for Kissing Men.

Yonkers, N. Y.—Miss Mary, Kirsehon, a nurse, who has ainanla for kissing ffierfrhaS been committed to the state hospital for the Insane.

87 YEARS IN ONE FAMILY

One of the life stories of . faithful servants unearthed by a prize-winning contest in Washington is that of Teresa Harper, who was born a slave near Waldorf, Charles county, Md., and who is kno\v*n to have performed service for the Boorman family for 87 years. She is probably ten years older than that. George Clifford Boarman, sixtyone years old, her present “master,” she threatens with a spanking in case he ventures on a wet street without his rubbers. Teresa has done very little work for the household for several years, but is supported by the family in every comfort.

PERFECTS A NEW STABILIZER

Orville Wright Expects to Make Flying Safe as Automoblling Through Novel Principle. Dayton, O. —The airplane made as safe as the automobile —that is the dream of Orville Wright, who, with his brother Wilbur, now dead, gave man dominion over the air a decade and a half ago. That dream is said to have become a reality with his new stabilizer, for which patents are to be applied for within a few weeks. Never prone to talk much, Orville Wright is even more retieent thanusual on the topic of his latest inventions. With patents not obtained, naturally he will not divulge secrets until it is assured that he will reap the rewards of the service. On the question of what it will do, however, he is not so secretive. He believes aircraft wiit he asr"safeijmn<t easily piloted as the most humble “flivver.” His new stabilizer substantially rejects the gyroscope heretofore always deemed necessary as a fundamental. Instead it enters the domain of electricity. By a unique arrangement of batteries, augmented by a pendulum swinging in a liquid bath and a minor propeller placed almost directly over the pilot’s head, absolute, unswerving, automatic stability is said, to be maintained. Following a series of experimental flights Mr. Wright said: “I am more than satisfied with its work now. All I had to do was to steer the machine. The stabilizer eaye me a perfect balance during the entire flight. It did all the ‘banking’ on the turns and righted the machine qn every dip.” When asked if the new stabilizer was in any. way similar to the one patented some time ago, he replied that the first device was not to be compared to the new one*

WOMEN ARE NEVER FRIENDS?

•« - ' _ ■ New York Professor Announces Research Shows the “Term Is Masculine Only." New York.—Charles Gray Shaw, professor of philosophy at New York university, has devoted considerable time Jind effort in research work on the problem of “Can a woman be a friend, »nd, if not, why not?” Today he made public the results of his study. “She cannot.be a friend,” Professor Shaw announces, “for, although the word is given in both genders, the fact alone is masculine. The reason for this state of unfriendliness in woman is that to be a.friend a clearcut personality and a disinterested outlook on life are required. Woman lacks both of these. Woman is never a friend because she is never an individual, and to be an Individual one must stand alone. Woman is a planet —a satellite —well adapted to revolving around some, center, but not organized so as to stand alone. “Men’d clubs, of which they are so proud, are combinations made for killing time and fostering laziness. On the other hand, the woman’s club is an attempt to generate feminine friendship. It is a * hothouse Jtpr tender plants.”

Sweet Tooth His Undoing.

-Belleville, 11l. —A stick of candy dropped in front Of a safe in Myers’ grocery after it had been relieved of 550.90 prayed the undoing of Victor Wilbur, age eleven, who lives next floor. The lad of the sweet tooth had hidden the loot In his father’s barn.

CANADA AGAIN A PRIZE WINNER

Highest Premiums Awarded at Many Exhibitions. '-The Fall fair season Is past and a retrospect of them shows that Western Canada is stronger than ever In the matter of exhibits, an«r has taken more than her usual share of the prize, money. From Western Canada to Texas is a long look, from Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba to the southwestern corner of Texae is several days’ journey, but the enterprising farmers from tills new country to the northwest were Wide awake to the possibilities that waited them at the International Dry • Farming Congress held at El Paso, Texas, rs few weeks ago, to bring to the attention of those' In that far-off corner what the land of Western Ghnada could do in the production of ■ grains and roots from Its soiL And what did these farmers do? The first thing was to carry off the first prize and sweepstakes for wheat. That was a foregone conclusion, for It has now become an established fact that nowhere else in the world is there grown wheat of the high character and market value of Western Canadian wheat. The same may be said of oats, of barley and of rye. But when it came to notice that Western Canada took first prize for alfalfa, it was then that more special attention was given to the products from Western Canada. It showed that in that country there lies the opportunity for supplementing the wonderful native grasses, so full of nutrition that with the tamed varieties, among them being alfalfa, the cattle with no other food were fattened and fitted for the shambles. Western Canada’s worth was proved as probably the greatest mixed farming portion of the continent. When the steers from the Western Canadian prairies reach tfi’e Chicago stockyards they bring the top price and Outweigh those from other places where grass fattening is the process. But it was not only In grains that Western Canada carried off the highest honors at the El Paso exhibition. Potatoes, parsnips, beets, carrots and rutabagas also took the highest honors. In root production this country is becoming favorably known. The question often arises as to markets. There Is always the highest price awaiting the producer, and as soon as the Hudson Bay Railway, now about completed, reaches the Bay, there will be an additional outlet for the product of the farm. The Pacific coast route, via the Panama canal, will give another outlet of which full advantage may be taken.“Wlth virgin land selling at from sls to S2O per acre, and improved farms at reasonable prices and on easy terms, there is no better opportunity for the man with limited means and a desire to secure a home at the least cost in a country where he can soon become wealthy, as thousands of others have done, than In Western Canada. To the map with less means and who is prepared to accept a farm of 160 acres free, the Dominion Government offers him his choice In districts that have land of the high- ' est type, but at present being from tea to twenty miles from a railway. '**•" The Peace River Country, now being opened for settlement and reached by railway affords excellent opportunity to the homesteader. To secure information as to Western Canadian lands write the Canadian Government agent, whose name appears elsewhere in this paper.—Advertisement. JV .,

RUSSIANS KIND TO CAPTIVES

Czar's Soldiers Fight .Fiercely But Are Cordial to Prisoners, Says Writer. Even when he goes to war with Germans, whom he feels in his soul to be tfle enemies of love, the Russian has no hate in his heart. I have talked to Englishmen and Americans in Russia who have been in the Galician trenches, and they att tell me tbat you cannot get the Russian soldier to bate. WhHe he Is charging, while he is killing, yes, perhaps; but when he comes hack with his prisoners, He gives the captured German his last bit of chocolate, makes him a cup of coffee and does not resent his contemptuous complaint that the coffee is of bad quality and Is bitter without sugar ; no, he pots the German’s baclf, strokes his arm, smiles at him and says: “You are all right, now.”—Harold Begbie, in the Atlantic Monthly.

All Wrong.

A minister was questioning his Sunday school Concerning the story of Eutychus, the young man who, listening to the preaching of the Apostle Paul, fell asleep and, falling out of a window, was taken up dead. “What.” he asked, “do we learn from •this solemn event?” The reply from u little girl came; “Please, sir, ministers should learn not’to preach too long sermons,”—TitBits. 1

Not Her Style.

-7 “She acts as though she thought she was the Queen of Sheba." “Oh, no. She’s not one of the kind who would think for a moment of going to anybody else to learn wisdom.* . —— 7 ’*' J

An accident policy -doesn’t help a young man out when he falls in love. There are 5.078 radio stations in th* United States. * , , ' v , ; “ ~ ■ • *~T • V ■ ' r r