Evening Republican, Volume 20, Number 185, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 3 August 1916 — Page 3

MAJOR HINES, CENSOR, TAKES A JUMP

Maj. John L. Hines, censor with Pershing’s forces in Mexico, is a busy man, tut finds time to get a little exercise. He has a very good mount and daily is •e«B taking a ride around the camp.

ARMY AVIATORS MUST STUDY LONG

French Give Men Most Thorough Training Before License Is Issued TARGET PRACTICE IMPORTANT Science Is Now So Highly Specialized That a Series of Schools Is Necessary—Course Takes About Five Months. Paris.—There was a time when an aviator was expected to become an air fighter in much the same way as a boy is taught to swim by being thrown into deep water and expected to strike out to save himself from drowning. So the pilot had a quick firer placed on his aeroplane and was turned loose into the air with the expectation that he would get as near as he could to an enemy avion (an avion is a military aeroplane) and shoot him down before being shot down himself. The training that army pilots now undergo lasts some five months, and the many Americans who have taken it or are taking it will, if they survive the war, form a valuable asset to the American nation if “preparedness” is carried out to the extent of forming aviation corps, as, it needs hardly to be added, it evidently should be. Schools Becoming Specialized. It was soon found necessary to specialize aviation schools and devote each to some particular work. Four or five are solely for learners, where they begin, as on “penguins,” rollers which do not rise Into the air, on which they run in straight lines for half a mile. As soon as they can run with the tail of the machine In the air they pass to a three-cylinder Bleriot, which leaves the ground, rising about a couple of

MISS SYDNEY BURLESON

This is a new photograph of Miss Sydney Burleson, daughter of the postmaster general. " Mrs. Burleson and Miss Sydney Burleson are both expert tennis players and besides this pastime make informal visits, entertain, and are entertained informally, and still have time to do much of their own sewing, constructing dainty summer dresses and often even making their pwn hats.

yards. On this machine pupils learn to leave the ground, to control their motors, regulate the gas, etc., and then pass to a six-cylinder Bleriot, which can rise 12 to 20 yards, on which they practice landing. Landing is the most difficult part of the work, so that it is during this stage that most “wood is broken,’’ as French fliers say of smashing machines. A 45-horsepower Bleriot, which mounts to between 150 and 300 feet, then enables the learner to make “Mirages” (turns) to the right and left and trace out figure-eights and circles. He is then promoted to a 50-horse-power Bleriot (600 to 900 feet altitude), when he learns to shut off his motor at the highest point and descend to 400 feet and then to restart the motor. He also learns to make a quarter spiral, a half spiral and full spiral with his motor shut off. He is then ready for his official tests for his license. He has to make an official spiral with a barograph attached to his back to record his descent from 1,500 feet. The barograph will show a straight line for a perfect spiral, but an irregular one for a badly made descent. He then takes a voyage machine, 60 horsepower, on which he makes two trips, 60 miles and 90 miles. Then on an 80-horse-power voyage machine he makes a triangular flight of 150 miles, during which he has to land once to take on a new supply of gasoline. An 80-horse-power or parasol machine is used for two height tests above 6,000 feet, with a barograph to register the altitude. ■ Having successfully negotiated these tests, he is awarded his “brevet,” or pilot’s license, if he has put in at least 25 hours actual flying during his training. “Finishing Off” Schools Also. The newly licensed pilot is then sent to the finishing off school at Pau. He has now said good-by to slow machines and will start to perfect his skill in landing, probably on a three-cylinder Morune, as the Morane has the same kind of landing fitments as the Nieuport and it is much cheaper in case of “smashing wood.” He is promoted to six-cylinder and ten-cylinder Moranes until he has made ten perfect landings. He then mounts a 23-meter (75-foot spread) Nieuport as a passenger with a monitor, who shows him what a Nieuport can do. Then he tackles tills Nieuport alone and when he has made 20 perfect landings on It he Is allowed to mount a 60-foot Nieuport, a smaller but more powerful machine. On this he makes spirals and a test altitude flight of 6,000 feet. At this school at the present time are about eighty graduates, almost all officers, a few noncommissioned officers and a few Americans, who are treated by the army officials as if they were officers, whatever rank they may have, even if they are merely privates. The pilot who has sufficient aptitude then passes to the “ecole de combat,” or lighting school. Others are sent into bombarding work or signaling. But those fit to fly scout machines or “avions de chasse” (for hunting down the enemy) take the further course. Here on fast Nieuports pupils learn to maneuver in escadrilie formation. To becoiae a perfect Nieuport flier an aviator has to master many machines, chiefly to acquire the art of landtag at a speed of from 30 to 50 miles an hour. He will train with 25horsepower, 45-horsepower, 60-horse-power and 80 horsepower Bleriot monoplanes, then with Moranes and then with Nieuports of decreasing size until he reaches the celebrated “Baby Nieuport,” only 39 feet op read, with perhaps a 110-horsepower engine.

BRITISH WORKERS PROSPER

Coal Miners, Woollen Operatives and Engineers Gets Raise In Wages. London. Employment throughout the United Kingdom continues at a very high level in all industries directly affected by the war, says the Board of Trade Labor Gazette. During May 370,000 workpeople received increased wages amouting to £31,000 a week, coal miners, woollen operatives and engineers being chiefly affected.

THE EVENING REPUBLICAN, RENSSELAER, INP.

GIVES PART OF LEG TO ANOTHER

Heroic French Soldier Calmly Helps Maimed Fellow ___ ... Hero. EACH WOUNDED IN THE LEG Surgeons Are Watching a Remarkable Operation In Great Hospital In Paris—Bound Like Siamese Twine. Paris. —One of the most remarkable surgical operations onr record is now being performed at the Grand Palais, the massive building usually used for the annual Salon, but now transformed into a vast hospital. Here two soldiers lie side by side, bound together like Siamese twins) while a large portion of the leg of one of them is being slowly transferred into the leg of the other one. Noted surgeons gather about, watching the slow progress, which they regard as marvelous both from a surgical standpoint and from the sentimental, one soldier calmly giving day by day part of his body to a fellow hero. Lie on Operating Table. # The two men lie on their backs on a large operating table. They lie in opposite directions, the head of one near the feet of the. other, like the figures on playing cards. They are among the most seriously wounded of the more youthful soldiers —one is twenty-six and the other twenty-three years old. The younger, Rousselot, was wounded in the leg at the battle of Morhange In the early d&ys of the war. He was taken a prisoner to Germany, where the surgeons say he did not receive intelligent attention. Brought back here last September, It was necessary to perform a second operation to lengthen his leg 14 centimeters (about five and a half inches). But after the extension was peformed, there was still a lack of bony matter between the two portions of the broken femur. Surgeons Get an Idea. The other soldier, Tillette, an artillery man, was seriously wounded in the leg two months ago In the desperate fight over Fort Douaumont. In a field operation his leg was amputated above the knee. Later It was found that a second operation was necessary In order to shorten the leg by some centimeters. It was at this point that the surgeons concluded that, the one who needed the shortened leg could give up this portion to the soldier who needed the longer leg. Now, after some weeks, the two soldiers lie there on their backs, the right thigh of Rousselot against the left thigh of Tillette, bound together with the same surgical bandages so as to prevent the slightest shifting of the operated parts, until the phenomenon of transferring one leg to the other is accomplished.

MEXICO’S REPRESENTATIVE

Eliseo Arredondo, the ambassador designate of Mexico to the United States, is not as familiar a figure in Washington as his prominence in recent news stories would Indicate. Frequently, instead of presenting diplomatic notes to Secretary Lansing, he sends them by messenger to a clerk in the state department. He is a hard worker, and spends most of his time within the embassy.

Find Mummified Cat.

Merrill, Wls. —Plumbers tearing out a partition in a residence have found the desiccated body of a cat. The mummy had probably been there for, years. , The cat is supposed to have gone into the aperture after a mouse and become entangled so It could not, get ont.

SALADS IN SUMMER

APPETIZING DIBHE3 FOR THE HOT WEATHER. Apple* Celery, and Walnuts Mixed Well Together Make One of the Best—Watercress la Excellent —With Oranges and Grapes. Apple, Celery and Walnut Salad. — Cut into cubes two apples, pared, and one apple with the red skin left on, a few stalks of celery and a cupful of walnut meats. Stir in a bowl with some salad dressing. Pile a spoonful of this on a lettuce leaf, with a dot of the dressing on top. Use the rest of the lettuce head for lettuce sandwiches at supper tfme. Watercress Salad. —Make an ordinary potato salad, chopped potatoes, with a little raw onion. Arrange in oval mound on platter. Divide into quarters with knives, leaving the knives in the salad. Cover two opposite corners with chopped beets. Of the remaining two corners cover one with sifted yolk of hard-boiled egg and"the other with the white, chopped. Marinate with French dressing and set away to chill. Just before serving remove knives and in the cross left put sprays of parsley. Also surrQund salad with parsley. This salad is very attractive. Pecan and Potato 9alad. —Mix two cupfuls of diced cooked potatoes wish one cupful of broken pecan nleats, sprinkle with salt, marinate with French dressing, turn into a salad bowl rubbed lightly with garlic, surround with watercress and garnish with halves of pecan nut meats. Veal and Cabbage Salad. —Mix two cupfuls of cold cooked veal cut into dice with one cupful of finely chopped cabbage, moisten with salad dressing and serve in n,ests of lettuce leaves. Orange and’* Grape Salad- —Pare two seedless oranges, cutting deep enough tp remove all the white, and cut the pulp Into small pieces. Add an equal quantity of malaga grapes from which the seeds have been removed and one tablespoonful of canned pimento cut into tiny strips; moisten with French dressing and serve In nests of lettuce leaves. Turnip and Onion Salad. —Peel one large white and one yellow turnip, boll in salted water until tender, drain, cool and cut into dice. Peel and cut a medium-sized Bermuda onion in thin slices. Arrange the turnips and onions in alternate layers in the form of a pyramid, surround with slices of hardboiled eggs and pickled beets cut in fancy shapes and serve with French or boiled dressing.

Fried Frogs' Legs.

Place two dozen frogs’ legs In an earthen dish containing a marmalade composed of two tablespoonfuls of olive oil, the juice of a small lemon, one small onion sliced, a branch of parsley, two bay leaves, one-half teaspoonful of salt and one fourth teaspoonful of paprika. Drain, sprinkle lightly with salt and pepper, dip in milk and roll in flour. Fry in smoking hot oil until colored a light brown. Garnish with parsley and serve with lemon sauce. Lemon Sauce.— Put the juice of a large lemon in a double boiler with one-half cupful of butter, a dash each of salt and pepper and'beat until it becomes thick and hot, but do not allow It to boil. Stir in the beaten yolks of two eggs and remove from the fire. Serve hot.

Baked Stuffed Onions.

Pare the onions and boil until tender, changing the water four times during the cooking. Scoop out the centers and chop them finely. Mix together equal parts of chopped ham and soft bread crumbs, add the chopped onions, two tablespoonfuls of melted butter and season with pepper and a little salt. Fill the onions with the mixture, arrange them in a baking pan, baste with water and melted batter and bake until brown.

Hash With Eggs.

This is delicious: One cupful of boiled ham, chopped fine; one cupful of potato, mashed or chopped; one cupful of cracker or bread crumbs; season well, all together with water, put In a deep plate, smooth it over and then make little dents in the top large enough to hold an egg. Put it In the oven and heat it through, then remove and drop an egg in each of the places and return it to the oven till the eggs are cooked.

Beef Cutlets.

Put the beef through the chopper (as for hamburg steak), season with sage and pepper, moisten with cream, then mold in cutlet form and boil. Serve with a brown sauce made by browning a slice of onion in two tablespoonfuls of butter, adding a little salt, pepper and two tablespoonfuls of stock. 801 l until smooth, then add a hard-boiled egg, chopped in small pieces.

West Indian Salad.

Take two medium-sized cucumbers, remove any seeds, four or five young onions, the outside of one large green pepper (no seeds) and put all in chopping bowl. Chop (not too finely), season with salt, pepper and vinegar. Serve icy cold with fish or cold meat.

Deviled Sardines.

Remove the skins from the sardines, place on a buttered plate, season with Worcestershire sauce, mustard and cayenne. Cover with buttered crumb* and bake till brown. Serve very hob

WITH THE MAN IN THE ENGINE CAB

DID RAPID THINKING HOW FIREMAN SAVED TRAIN AFTER CONNECTING-ROD BROKE. Simple Thing, In His Estimation, but At Meant, the Preservation of Lives and Property — Just a Hero of the Rail.

The fireman stood on his narrow perch before the fire box, and between times of filling the box he would look at the silhouetted form of the engineer—in his little cab forward, perched almost amidships of the long black boiler. He did not have much time to look; for the box was forever demanding more hard coal. There-was a hiss of steam, a crash of metal —and the fireman dropped his shovel. The connecting rod had broken. They were going 60 miles an hour, and the loosened end of the heavy steel rod that had come crashing up with the force of ten thousand men and horses, and thrown the entire side of the engineer’s cab down into the ditch beside the track. Now the rod was pounding back and forth —a mighty commotion, not soon to end; for the hand that clutched the throttle lay inert upon it; the lifeless form of the engine driver was caught in the wreckage of the cab. And somewhere in that wreckage the trembling needle of the speed indicator still hung close to the 60 mark. The fireman thought quickly—lt’s a way with the men in the engine cab. He knew that the engine must be stopped—And at once. But It was impossible for him to get through that wreckage and to the air-brake control quickly. He did the next best thing. He took a stout iron bar, and climbed over to the top of the swaying tender and down into the narrow space between it and the first of the heavy cars of the train. With a short, quick blow he broke the air-hose" connection between the engine and the cars. The brake set automatically, the train stopped, and the fireman went forward to get his companion’s body. In a few minutes they were crowding around him —the folk from the cars —and making a good deal of fuss over him. They said he was a hero. But he merely replied that he had done a simple thing—and perhaps the connecting rod had broken one of the air-pump connections and so would have set the brakes anyway. But today he sits on the right hand of a standard locomotive cab —for the “camel-back” engines, with .their clumsy separate engineer's cab set midway upon the boiler’s crown, are going out of style. He sits there, knowing that responsibility rides beside bim. He knows other things. He knows th»t the connecting rod may some time break again—it Is one of the most common forms of locomo-, tive accidents, and in the very nature of things must so remain. He knows that danger in a thousand forms forever confronts him —a broken rail, a wheel, or a bit of metal dislodged from the flying rush of a passenger train upon a neighboring track, the breakdown of the human structure of the operation of the railroad upon which his safety and the safety of those intrusted to his care is so very dependent. If you would know something of the man in the engine cab, go and ride a little way with him. It is not easily managed. The railroads have now grown very in the enforcement of the rule forbidding strangers in the engine cabs. Yet, in this one instance, it can be arranged. You merely sign tremendously portentous legal “releases,” whose verbiage, freely translated, gives you the distinct impression that you are going to your sure doom.— Sunday Magazine of the Washington Star.

Record Carload.

According to the Engineering News, the Pennsylvania railroad recently carried the largest railroad carload in combined weight and size ever moved by rail. It was the 8,000-kilowatt generator of a steam turbine power unit, which weighed 80 tons, and which when In place on the car stood 15 feet 7% inches above the rails. It was shipped from Greenville, N.J., to Joplin, Mo„ on a new flat car built to carry a load of 70 tons. In order to avoid low bridges and other obstacles, It was necessary to send the car by a drqoltous route.

MADE THE PASSENGERS WALK

Interesting Reminiscence of Old-Tim# Conductor Related by Pittsburgh Man. The writer was very much interested in a recent article in your paper, referring to a mutual friend, “Tommy Drake,” as he was familiarly called in his time, writes a correspondent of the Pittsburgh Dispatch. As conductor on the Pittsburgh & Connellsville railroad in “the sixties,” it was my pleasure as a schoolboy to know “Tommy” quite well —as a dally passenger from Braddock to the city. And now, in brief, to relate a rather amusing, as well as paradoxical Incident, when credited to the rules and ( regulations of the railroad In the days of single tracks. Between the city and Braddock was a siding at “City Farm” station, opposite where Homestead now Is. His train, scheduled to Braddock, was given a few minutes to reverse for a return trip to the city in late afternoon. Many a time, having been delayed en route outbound, “Tommy” would find upon arriving at City Farm siding that he would be “behind time” If he proceeded to Braddock and would soon be “running” against his own schedule time west.” This was not admissible, according to railroad ruling, and so “Tommy” would call out in the train that he was about to “return to Pittsburgh and that passengers • for Braddock could either return with the train or get out and walk” the two miles—which we invariably did, on such an alternative. >

Gardens for Railroad Men.

Railroad men’s gardens is an innnovation introduced by the Great Western Railroad company to help its employees. All along the line on both sides of the railroad can be seen tiny plots and almost every foot of space has been turned over to grow war-time potatoes and other vegetables. In thi» way several hundred acres are being cultivated. As a rule an allotment runs from 10 to 20 rods, which is about the limit of a railroad worker’s spare-time capacity. Each holder pays a nominal rental for his ground, and on account of the war all the holders are making extra efforts to get the very utmost out of their holdings. Fewer flowers are seen In the plots, and a wider range of vegetables, with a view to successive crops, has become general.

Robins Build Nest in Engine.

BSrly in the spring a pair of robin* built their nest on the front of an engine in the Union Pacific yards at Junetion City, Kan. The engine was temporarily out of service and the birds were not molested, the roundhouse employees taking an interest in the robins and protecting them. Recently orders were received tomove the engine to Kansas City ati once. In the nest were four plump robins, almost ready>to j|ly. R. M. Cole, district foreman, moved the nest and its contents from the engine front, placing it on a snowplow in the yards. The young robins did not object to the transfer, and within a few moments the old birds had located the* moved nest and were back on It.

Russia to Build Railroads in China.

The Russian government immediate* ly after the close of the war, will I*4 sue a loan of $24,333,000 to China, t a> be used exclusively in the construction, of five railroad lines in Manchuria, according to an agreement just reached between the financial agents of the* two countries, the details of which* have been reported to the state de-* partment by Consul CaldweU at Vladivostok. '

Off and On the Track.

At an interlocking switch dear Wb» nona, a freight train was usin* the switch'and had just cleared th» crossing when a St. Paul freighC crashed through the derail. The engine bounded off the rails, rani 50 feet on the ties, struck a guard rail* and leaped back on the main track.. Seventeen cars behind it performedl a like feat, and when the train finally] was stopped only one car was off thaf rails. i

Electrification Goes On.

Up to date about 2,500 miles ofl ‘Steam railroad In the United Statwj have been electrified. V