Evening Republican, Volume 20, Number 107, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 4 May 1916 — Page 2

CUPPLIED with artifilimbs, thousands of maimed soldiers are learning new trades so they can make a living

V g kIPPLED and wounded soldiers, after leaving the hospital, have to undergo a long and laborious process of training in order to again fit themselves for their former occupation, or, if necessary, to learn some other trade. This preparatory stage involves a . . number of national problems and repV V V resentatives of the various industries have been working hand in hand with the medical profession in order to obtain the best possible results. Their principal aim is that wherever possible men who have become partially disabled through service at the front be fitted to resume their former duties where they have acquired valuable practical knowledge and skill in their work and no' efforts are spared in order to have the men return to activity as speedily as possible, before their limbs have become stiffened, thus making adaption more difficult. The medical practitioner, as Herr Probst, director of a Dusseldorf factory, plainly put it in a recent lecture, “should to some extent become an engineer, wane the works manager, under whose care the hospital is placed should acquaint himself with orthopedy.’’ This difficult task has beep solved in an exemplary manner at the workshops conducted by Herr Probst, where an “Industry hospital” has been founded, a sort of intermediary stage between the hospital and the factory, utilizing industrial labor as a curative agent for the treatment of patients, so that the latter, of their own accord, adapt themselves to normal factory work. The patients received at this unique hospital are expected to submit to the regulations of the - factory, where they are placed under the supervision of a sergeant. After as'certaining the kind of work formerly done by each patient, he is given his present task. The doctor has to fix the time when the man is to commence his duties, the daily work at first starting with a few hours each day, then a half a day and as his strength and proficiency increase to a full day. For hygienical reasons patients at the hospital •wear blue-white clothes, and on entering, their task is stimulated by a fortnightly pocket-money allowance, to be taken off the regular salary paid out on leaving the hospital. After each day’s work the patients are examined bv the doctor, and if necessary, spend some time in the medico-

The Reason We Forget

“Let me see, what was that name?’’ Haven’t we often heard that phrase, or one very like it? Doesn’t our memory often play us tricks and cause us to forget things we know perfectly well—“as well as I know my own name,’’ In fact? There is a reason for this; for nearly every case of loss of memory we can find a cause. This discovery has recently been made —and is one of the most important advances which psychology has made in the understanding of our mental life. Forgetting, of course, in one sense, is loss of memory. Hoty, first of all, do we remember things? It has been assumed by physiologists that every event we experience leaves its trace in the nervous substance of the brain, in much the same way that a “trace” is left upon the phonographic record by the scratch of the recording needle; if the Impression is “vivid”—that is, if it leaves a deep impression upon the nervous system—then we remember it; if not, we forget it. As the brain disintegrates with age, the memories become weak. This is the doctrine usually assumed for the storage of our memories. But psychologists have lately complained against this materialistic view of the facts. Of late years Professor Henri Bergson, in particular, has protested that such an explanation does not explain. We believe that memory is a mental thing, not a material one. To*be sure, there was "always the difficulty, in accounting for memory, that the brain cells, which are constantly being replaced, would eliminate the memorecord, but scientific men “got round” this by assuming that the new cell as it was deposited somehow “inherited” the traces of the previous one and thus retailed the memory. There was no evidence that it actually did so, but it was “assumed” to. -The strong protest against this ma-

How Germany Helps Her War Cripples I

mechanical hall under the care and guidance of trained nurses and the sergeant. Another establishment of the same kind, though operated, on a more elaborate plan, is the society hospital “Flora,” which has been

terialistic view found support in the fact that practically none of our memories is ever lost, but all can be removed under suitable conditions And by proper means. Our memory is potentially almost perfect. We should all strive to improve the memory as much as possible, for upon it our very personality depends. If we had no memory we no feeling of “self” —no feeling that we are the same self we were yesterday. And if we did not have this feeling we should be “lower than the animals.” We may improve the memory by paying strict attention to what is being said or done, and by .trying to associate It with as many other things as possible which have interest for us, for it has been said that “association is nine-tenths of memory.” The more we forget the more we tend to forget, and the more we train the memory the better it becomes. Like all else, it improves with practice and habit. Forgetting is at times very awkward; it leads us into all sorts of social Inconveniences. We forget a name, an address, a word when we wish most to remember it. These acts of forgetfulness seem at first perfectly erratic and spontaneous; they s,eem to follow no law and be subject to no fixed rule. So, then, when we forget a name or thing—or by some error of speech or writing give another word for the right one —we can nearly always find out why this should be so and uncover the actual pro.cess involved by a careful analysis of , the previous trains of thought and action. We forget because we *wish to forget. It is a wellknown fact that we tend to forget unpleasant events m6re readily than we do pleasant ones. That is because of this fact—because, in one case, the memory is repressed, and in the other it Is not.

' Littie Lemuel—Say, paw, what Is the streetcleaning department? Paw —It’s the place where they explain to the dissatisfaction of taxpayers why the "streets not cleaned, son.

THE EVENING REPUBLICAN, RENSSELAER, IND.

WISDOM 'OF PAW.

provided with extensive and well equipped workshops by a factory owner of the same city, Herr Emil Jagenberg, who is the inventor of an improved artificial arm, which not only increases the capacity and working efficiency of injured soldiers, but also very materially increases the output of artificial liinbs. The construction of this artificial arm is of steel and weighs but one and three-quarter pounds. Immediately below the stump is a ball-joint of steel arranged so that it can be clamped and adjusted in any desired position. Another balljoint similarly arranged is at the wrist. The lower fitting is so short as to allow considerable force to be brought to bear on the work, while its mobility and adjustability enable the attachment to be used for an endless variety of purposes, even in case the whole arm up to the shoulder should be amputated, the patient will still be able to perform a great range of operations. After the day’s task is completed this “working arm” is detached and replaced by a regular pleasure “Sunday arm.” The patients at these hospitals are not long in recovering their tfelf-confidence and their working capacity increases daily. No patients are discharged until a suitable position has been obtained for them where they will be able to perform their duties in a satisfactory and proficient manner, which greatly increases the assurance of the patients and makes them .self-supporting.

For National Park Service

A bill is under consideration in congress to establish a national park service. The federal government owns fourteen national parks, with a total area of nearly five million acres, all under the Jurisdiction of the department of the Interior. It also owns thirty-one nation's! monuments, of which nineteen are In the department of the Interior, ten in the department of agriculture and two in the war department. Under existing arrangements there has been no central organization for the. administration of these splendid recreational possessions. Each of the fourteen national parks Is now under separate management. It is very desirable that these parks be administered through a general bureau at the seat of government In Washington. There is a constantly increasing volume of travel to the national parks, and it Is necessary that there should be one central organization which may furnish reliable information attractively prepared for the benefit of tourists to the parks. Under the existing order of things very little systematic work in thiß direction has been possible. With a national park service, equipped with facilities and a competent corps of workers, there might be developed a fine bureau of information, supplying to the general public the things it wants to know about its parks and monuments. It is to be noted in this connection that Canada, through its department of parks, has so thoroughly exploited its several national parks that during the season of 1915,when there was such A large volume of travel through the West, the Canadian parks attracted In the aggre---gate mere -visiters than the parks of States, thus affording a fine illustration of what the government in exploitation of its recreational areas can do.

Some men are Dora great, some achieve greatness, and the rest try to thrust themselves upon It

HANDICRAFT FOR BOYS AND GIRLS

By A. NEELY HALL and DOROTHY PERKINS

A WIRELESS TELEGRAPH RECEIVING SET—PART 1. With one or two exceptions a boy can easily construct the Instruments of a ‘•wireless” receiving set. The detector, shown in Fig. 1. requires a wooden base, A, a pair °* dry-battery binding-posts, B, a piece of silicon, C, a Btrip of brass, D, and a piece of springy wire, E. Bind the silicon to the base with the brass strip, D, bending this as in

Fig. 4, and punching holes to fit over the binding-post. Bend the piece of wire E into the Jpoped form shown in Fig. 5, secure one end to the bind-ing-post, and cut off the other end to rest upon the piece of silicon. The tuning-coil (Fig. 6) requires a cylinder about 2%, inches in diameter and 11 inches long (A, Fig. 7). A roll-ing-pin with its ends-sawed off will be Just right. On this cylinder a single layer of copper wire of about No. 20 gauge, not insulated, must be wound. It is necessary to keep each turn of the wine from coming into contact with the adjacent turns, and this is done by winding a heavy thread between the turns (Fig. 7). Two coats of shellac will help hold the coils in place. The end blocks (B, Fig. 7) should be 2% inches square, with a 14-inch note!] cut in each of two cor-

ners. Nail them to the ends of the cylinder as shown. The slider rods (C, Fig. 6) should be of brass, Y< inch square and 12 inches long, and should have a hole drilled at one end to receive bind-ing-posts D (Figs. 6 and 8), and a pair of holes through which to screw the rods to blocks B. You can get the brass rods and have them drilled, at almost any machine shop. Make sliders E (Figs. 6 and 9) out of a piece of springy brass. Bend one end into a sleeve to slip over the slider-rod, and round off and bend down the other end to slide over the surface of the wire coil. Scrape away the shellac in their path. Fasten a post to one end block B, and connect an end of the wire coil to it. The fixed condenser (Fig. 10) la made of alternate layers of tin-foil and writing-paper. Cut two pieces of cardboard of the size of A (Fig. 12), for the top and bottom (Fig. 11). then 21 pieces of

writing-paper of the same size, for layers B, and 20 pieces of tin-foil of the size and shape of C (Fig. 13). Build up the condenser as shown in Fig. 11, the tabs of the tin-foil layers projecting over the ends, and with alternate layers reversed. When the top cardboard has been ,put in place, taae two pieces of insulated wire, scrape bare a length of six inches of each* and ?un these bared ends through the top cardboard and. wrap around the tin-foil ends (Figs. 10 and 11). Then wrap the condenser from end to end with bicycle tape. In the next article you will learn how to connect up the instruments, and how to make the aeriaL

(Copyright, by A. Neely HalL>

THREE GOOD GAMES TO MAKE. ! There isn’t much work to the making of a checkerboard like that shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Twelve Inches and one-quarter square is a good measurement to use. This provides for 64 squares each one inch and one-half in size, and a margin of one-eighth inch around the outside. It is better to use cardboard than wood, because of its lightness, and if you will hinge two pieces together as in Fig. 2, the checkerboard will slip into a bookcase. To pi-event the cardboard from warping, it is necessary to paste paper upon both Bides. The black or red pa-

per is best for covering the back. Paste this e.u first, lapping it a distance of one-half inch over the edges of the playing surface; then cover the playing surface with the lighter-col-ored paper of the two you have selected for the squares. When the pasted paper has dried, measure off the width of the margins and the squares along the four edges of the playing surface, and with ruler and pencil rule lines across from side to side, from these points. This will give you the positions of the 64 squares. Hunt up small silk spools for the checker men. You will need 24. Fig. 3 shows how a short peg should be cut to fit in the top of each spool,

so one spool can be fitted over another to crown the men (Fig. 4). Twelve of the spools should be stained black or red, so they will be distinguishable from the other twelve. Figs. 5, 6 and 7 show the homemade game of jackstraws. Inasmuch as you may never have played this gam©, I will explain that it consists in removing “straws” from a pile, without disturbing any “straws” but the one selected for removal. A player’s turn continues as long as he can remove the “straws” without disturbing the pile. Fig. 6 shows how the “straws" are dropped in a heap, and how they are removed by means of a hooked stick. Fig. 6 shows how the “straws” are made of toothpicks with pieces of

cardboard cut to the shapes of shovels, rakes, pickaxes, etc., glued to the ends, and Fig. 7 how a pin bent into a hook, is bound with thread to a pencil end, for tho hooked Btick. Put numbers upon the “straws” for the points to be counted as scores. The shopping game in Fig. 8 embraces a new idea. Get a cover from a large hat box for the playing board; then cut pictures of various household articles from advertisements, paste these upon the inside of the cover (Fig. 9), and mark the prices of the articles upon them. You must also have a small spinning top. One of the wheels from a broken alarm clock (Fig. 10) is best. —Two or mere can play the game. Each player has a turn to spin the top upon the playing board. When after/spinning, {he top topples over, the price fef the article upon which its point rests will represent the numbr of points scored.