Evening Republican, Volume 20, Number 7, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 8 January 1916 — Page 3

GREATEST VIADUCT IN CHILE

This Viaduct on the Santiago and Valparaiso Railroad, Recently Completed, is Considered a Triumph of Engineering. A Glance at the Illustration Will Show the Difficulties That Had to Be Overcome by the Build--ers.

NEW AUTOMATIC STOP

OEVICE, IT IS CLAIMED, CHECKS TRAIN’S SPEED AT ONCE. Men of the Rail Will Recognize the Simplicity of Its Construction and • Method of Working—Electricity Is Employed. It is claimed that a train going 60 miles an hour can be stopped within 2,000 feet by means of an apparatus

BSWIi now being tested I on an American l miPP railroad. This ap- • ":i paratus is intended to be used in fffiflaf * jjjrjfflr connection with a double-track block system, and autoM o -ag matically sets the brakes and stops fflSHpliillfl the train at the enPKfif Z . j|||| trance to a block yiii* if the bi ° ck is not a steel ramp 180 feet long supported on the ends of the tires at a distance of 22 inches from the rail. This ramp slopes each way from the center, the three inches higher than the ends. Each locomotive operating on this section of thd road is equipped with a contact shoe that engages the ramp and is mounted on the lower end of a vertical rod, the whole being supported on the croSßhead guides. As the locomotive passes the ramp this shoe is raised three inches. The shoe

operates a piston} and through this a pneumatic mechanism that closes the throttle and sets the brakes if the rear end of the ramp is not electrically charged, while if it is electrically charged, magnets are energized that hold the mechanism and prevent it from operating. The control consists of electrical connections so arranged that the rear end of the ramp is charged only when the block Is clear. The forward end is always charged, bo that trains as-e not interferedwith when backing—Popular Mechanics.

Novel Railroad Bridge.

A bridge that is to be built for the Holland government railroad over the Serajoe river in Java has been made complete in the shops,4n Holland and so carefully has this been done that no field work will be required in erecting the steel structure other than that bf connecting the members, says Popular Mechanics. The bridge site is far from any kind of shop facilities, and to make sure that the structure would go together properly it was first erected as carefully as if on its permanent location, in the yards of the manufacturing company in Holland. Following this it was taken down and is to be shipped by steamer to Java. The bridge is of unusual design, cpnsisting of three arched spans of steel connecting with short* straight trusses over the piers. It has a total length of 608 feet 10 inches and weighs 580 tons. It is designed to carry a single track railroad having a gauge of three and one-half feet.

Rush for Locomotives.

The call for locomotives the present year is very large. American roads for tbe first ten months orchis year ordered 940 and the rate of orders is Increasing, indicating that the domestic call will oxcqed l.oqo. The foreign orders for ten months are 1,581. Word has gone out to the railroads that if they will need new equipment they had best reserve Bpace now, as the prospect is the shops will be fully oc- * - cupied later. Orders have been taken from Cubal Spain and Greece, and it ... is expected, that other neutral countries that have thought of Germany vll] send orders to this country.

BRIGHT FUTURE FOR ROADS

Expert Sees Nothing but Prosperity for American Lines—Comparison of Capitalization. A study of some recent comparative statistics issued by the bureau of railroad economics ought to repay the investor whose vision is not limited by stock market prices. So far as they could be compared, the railroads of 38 countries were analyzed and certain facis brought out that should indicate roughly the development to be expected in the United States. For instance, in the number of of line operated per 100 square mileSl of area, our country fs behind practically all of the older nations of commercial importance. Our figure is 8.4, France’s 12.18, Austria’s 12.2, Denmark’s 15.45, Germany’s 18.08, Holland’s 18.3, Hungary’s 10.61, Italy’s 9.78, Switzerland’s 19.38, Belgium’s 25.78, and the United Kingdom’s (England, Scotland, Ireland and Wales) 19.3. In this .respect we are ahead of such countries as Sweden, Cuba, Bulgaria, Roumania, Spain, Portugal, the South American countries, New Zealand and Australia. In miles of line operated per 10,000 of population we are under Australia (excepting New South Wales), Canada and the Argentine, and we are far above the old countries named in the preceding paragraph. It is reasonable to predict that our figure of 26.15 miles of line operated per 10,000 of population will fall toward the 5.71 of Germany or the 5.13 of the United Kingdom. It will fall faster than the figure of miles operated per 100 square miles of area will rise.

Our population growth will continue steady and rapid; the growth nf railway mileage will be much slower in proportion, writes John M, Osklson in the Chicago Daily News. Our railroad capitalization (upon which interest and dividends most be earned) is $63,535 a'mile; that of the United Kingdom $277,147; of France $148,463, of Germany $116,365, of Switzerland $122,010. We compare best with Canada’s $64,054. As population grows and traffic becomes denser the capitalization of our roads will increase.

ALL FAVOR ELECTRIC POWER

Many Important Facts Brought Out In a Comparison Between Its Use and That of Steam. The fact that no boilers are required on electric locomotives elminates one of the large sources of trouble for the motive power department. One locomotive can also be run over several different divisions without injury to it or without reducing its efficiency. Under present operating conditions, with steam locomotives, it is rarely “possible to run either a passenger or freight locomotive over more than one engine district, which will average from 100 to 160 miles. Under electrical operation, solid through trains can be run over several divisions without any longer stops at the present terminals than would be made at ordinary way stations. ' . The maximum results for steam engines are obtained partially by the quality of the coal used and by the ability of the fireman to keep plenty of coal in the firebox. With electrical engines they can be run at fairly uniform speed and in making long, heavy moun-* tain climbs they should be as efficient for the last few miles near the top of the climfal as when starting up the grade. The success of the work will mean the gradual electrification of whole systems.

Of Course, It'a Whopper.

A paragraph is going, the rounds of the Eastern newspapers to the effect that there are more than a hundred girl students weighing more than two hundreds pounds each enrolled in tly? University of Kansas. It has prompted the Toledo Blade to remark that it constitutes the answer to the old query: "What’s the matter with Kansas?’’—Kansas, City Star.

THE EVENING REPUBLICAN, RENSSELAER, IND.

TO TAKE THE PUCE OF SOUP

Some Appetizer, Which will Prov# Acceptable If It Should Be Only fgr a Change-

Nowadays in many household# an appetizer or an entree is served for dinner instead of soup. A fruit appetizer is often tempting. Grapefruit in any form, in its own shell, garnished with a maraschino cherry, or cut in dice, andFservedlri cups or mixed with a little orange or pineapple, is always good. Diced pineapple, with sugar and a little lemon Juice sprinkled over It, is also good. ,

Then there are the various sorts of canapes—tiny strips of toast spread with some fruit titbit. Any of the fish pastes can be used and garnished with sliced hard-boiled egg or sliced olives. 'Hashed leftover" medt can'bs moistened with a little mayonnaise and spread on* a strip of hdt buttered toast, or meat minced and heated in a little cream or stock. Use olives or hard-boiled eggs or a little minced parsley for garnish. Various vegetables can be used for canapes. A slice of ripe tomato, topped by a spoonful of mayonnaise and placed on a round of buttered toast of the same sjze, is delicious. A long strip of toast an inch wide can have thin slices of cucumber lapped one over the other its entire length, each dotted with a bit of mayonnaise. Or a few diced beets moistened with melted butter, very hot, can be piled in neat little mounds on rounds of buttered toast and garnished with minced hardboiled, egg. . _ .

GRAHAM BREAD WORTH WHILE

Directions for Making Appetizing and Wholesome Food That Should Be More Widely Used. One cake yeast, one cupful milk, Bcalded and cooled, four tablespoonfuls light brown sugar or molasses, one cupful lukewarm water, two tablespoonfuls lard or butter, melted, four cupfuls graham flour,- one cupful sifted white flour, one teaspoonful salt. Dissolve yeast and sugar, or molasges, in lukewarm liquid. Add lard or barter, then flour gradually, or enough to make a dough that can be handled, and the salt. Knead thoroughly, be ing sure to keep dough soft. Cover and set aside in a warm place to ris6 for aboqt two hours. When double in bulk, turn out oil kneading board, mold into loaves and place in well-greased pans, cover and set to rise again—about one hour, or until light. Bake one hour in a slower oven than for white bread. If wanted for over night, use on& half cake of yeast and an extra halfteaspoonful salt.

Grandmother’s Apple Butter.

801 l one gallon of fresh sweet cider down to one-half its original quantity. Then fill the kettle with sliced sweet apples and let them simmer gently, but steadily all day, until reduced to about one-half their original bulk. Stir frequently with a wooden spoon or paddle, to prevent their scorching. II not boiled down sufliciently the first day, let cook longer on the second. Pack away in stone or wooden Jars. Some housekeepers prefer to use half sour apples. In this case, sweeten to taste when the apples begin to break. The butter is better, however, if left with the natural sweetness oi the apples.

Preserved Marrow.

To etTch pound of adtrone pound lump sugar, two ounces of ginger to every five pounds, the rind and juice of three lemons. Cut the marrow In squares threequarters of. an inch, sprinkle very lightly over with salt, let it stand for an hour, drain the salt off, next add a little sugar and stand for the night. Next boil the ginger and peel in sirup, then add the sugar and boil a little longer. Then put in the marrow and add the leinon juice last.

Citron Heart Cakes.

Beat half a pound of butter to a cream, take six eggs, beat the whites to a froth, and the yolks with half a pound of sifted flour, beat these well together, add a wineglassfifl of brandy and quarter of a pound of citron cut In thin slips, bake it in small heartshaped tins or a square tin pan, rubbed over with a bit of sponge dipped in melted butter; put the mixture in half an inch deep, bake 15 or 20 minutes In a quick oven.

Egg and Sardine Salad.

Slice one head of celery and hardboiled eggs and place in salad bowL Mash yolks of the eggs, four sardines, salt and pepper together and use enough cream to form a thick paste. Thin With vinegar. Mix French dressing on the celery and white of eggs and over that pour the cream dressing.

Orange Dessert

Select the best seedless oranges, cut crosswise, and extract the pulp with an orange spoon. Whip pure sweet cream to a dry froth and line a glass dish with ladyfingers or light sponge cake and heap in the oranges and whipped cream high in the center.

Sponge Cake.

Thrpe eggs,-well beaten, one cupful sugar, one .cupful of flour, 1% teaspoonfuls baking powder, one teaspoonful lemon flavoring,-.two. table--spoonfuls boiling water, beaten in last

Salt and Gasoline.

In washing any delicate material in gasoline, if Balt is added to the liquid, there will he no stain left at the edges of the cleaned parts. —-l-

EXTRA LINEN SUPPLY

MATTER +HAT IS THE DESIRE Of* EVfRY HOUSEWIFE., Monograms Should Be Embroidered on Every Piece—Fancy Work That Can Be Done in Mo- _ ments of Leisure. No housekeeper can ever have enough attractive linen for her table and her bedrooms. She may have enough sos actual service, but it is wise to keep just a little ahead of the actual need in extra towels for guestroom and bathroom. It is also advisable' to keep just a little ahead in the supply of linen for the table. * Every set of napkins and each tablecloth should have the housewife’s surname initial or her monogram embroidered upon it. There is a question as to the proper place to put the initial or monogram, but the majority prefer the letter on tablecloths to be in the corner, where they will come just off the rounded edge of the table. Napkins should have the initials in the corner or in the middle on one side, where they will be on top when the napkins are folded. Tea napkins are the only ones on which a wreath can appropriately be placed. It is quite permissible to place an initial within the wreath or other decorative motif. Tea napkins can also be finished with hemstitched or scalloped edges.

Some women may argue that they haven’t time to put fancy work on household linen. This is a poor argument, for almost every woman has a few moments during the day when she sits down to chat with a neighbor or when she is waiting for the homecoming of her husband to his evening meal. It is during these odd moments that a great deal can be accomplished, especially in the way of fancy work. Pick-up work is good for the nerves.

Mexican Meat Loaf.

Mix thoroughly a pound and a half of chopped beef, half a pound of finely chopped veal and a quarter of a pound of chopped salt pork, a tablespoonful of finely minced parsley, half a chopped onion and a tablespoonful of minced green pepper, also a teaspoonful of salt and a saltspoonful of pepper. Cut a long, narrow strip from a canned pimento and arrange a layer of the meat mixture firmly in the bottom of a dish previously wet with cold water. Then lay the pimento strip lengthwise on the meat and cover with the remainder of the meat. Pack in well and bake three-quarters of an hour in aafluick oven. Make a gravy of the drippings, adding a little tomato Juice and chopped green pepper.

Pennsylvania Plum Pudding.

One cupful milk, two eggs, one cupful molasses, one-half teaspoonful nutmeg, one-half teaspoonful salt, two teaspoonfuls baking powder, one cupful bread crumbs, one-half cupful cornmeal, one cupful chopped beef suet, one-quarter cupful finely minced citron, one cupful seeded raisins, onehalf cupful *currants; flour to make a stiff batter. Steam fully three hours, ■ turn from the mold and strew chopped almonds over top. Serve pudding hot, with sauce made thus: Cream together one cupful of pulverized sugar, scant one-half cupful of butter, beat whites of two eggs in, one at a time, ing; stand on ice a short time before serving. Serve sauce very cold.

To Beat an Egg Quickly.

Break the egg into an ordinary glass tumbler. Place-a piece of clean tissue paper on the top. Hold it firmly down all around to keep out the air. Place the other hand on the top of the paper and shake the tumbler vigorously two or three times. The egg is then ready to use without any further effort, and is as well-beaten as if whipped for ten minutes. »

Oatmeal Muffins.

Put two cupfuls of uncooked oatmeal in bowl, pour over one and onehalf cupfuls sour milk, cover and let stand over night. In the morning add one-third cupful sugar, one-fourth cupful melted butter, one egg, well beaten; one teaspoonful salt and one cupful flour. Beat thoroughly, place in buttered hot iron gem pans; bake in a hot oven 20 minutes.

Anna Potatoes.

Wash and pare medium-sized potatoes, cut lengthwise in one-quarter-inch slices, fasten with rfsewers (toothpicks), parboil ten minutes, place in dripping pan and bake about twenty minutes in a hot oven, basting often with butter or. some other fat. sp*

Ginger Puffs.

Beat one egg well, add half cupful sugar, half cupful molasses, quarter cupful melted butter, half cupful warm water, two cupfuls flour sifted with one teaspoonful each of cassia, ginger and 1 ' soda and half teaspoonful salt.Bake in individual tins.

To Keep Butter Firm.

Butter will remain firm, even in a hot kitcheD if a cloth wrung out in cold water be placed over the top and around the sides of the bptter dish and Hie dish placed where there is a draft.

To Fasten Strainer.

Use clothespins- to bln the cloth over the dish in which you are straining. It Is much more convenient than .trying, to hold It . ’

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