Evening Republican, Volume 20, Number 3, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 4 January 1916 — EUROPEAN WAR [ARTICLE]

EUROPEAN WAR

Jan. I.—British battleship Formidable sunk by Qerman submarine In the English channel, with 579 of crew. Jan. s.—Russians annihilated Ninth Turkish army corps and routed First and Tenth corps in the Caucasus. Russians forced Ussok pass in the Carpathians. Jan. 10.—1.111 s evacuated by Germans and occupied by British. - Jan. 17.—Russians Stormed southern Carpathian pass and entered Transylvania. Jan. 19.—Six German Zeppelins raided the Norfolk coast, dropping bombs in Yarmouth, Sandringham, King's Lynn, Comer. Sherringham and Beeston, causing heavy damage and some loss of life. Jan. 24.—German armored cruiser Bluecher sunk and two battle cruisers crippled by Vice Admiral Beatty’s squadron .In running fight in North sea. --—----- Jan. 26.—Austro-Hungarian forces occupied Klelce, Russian Poland. Jan. 27.—Austrians drove Russians from TTnok pass in Carpathians. Feb. I.—French torpedo boat sunk off Nieuport. Feb. 2.—Anglo-French fleet destroyed four forts in the Dardanelles. Feb. 4.—Germany declared waters around British isles a war zone. Feb. 6.—Russians crossed River Rawka, penetrating German front west of Warsaw. Feb. 9.—Germans violently bombarded Solssons, setting It afire. Feb. 10.—Russians repulsed Austro-Ger-tnans In Carpathians but were driven back In Bukowina. British held cargo or food ship Wllahelmlna. " —- Feb. U.—United States warned Germany against destroying American vessels or lives of American citizens ln attacking .shipping,, and_ warned Great .Britain of. ’the danger to American interests in the use of American flag by British vessels. Germans evacuated Lodz, but drove the Russians out of East Prussia. Feb. i7.—Germany replied unfavorably to American warning not to sink American ships, and Great Britain refused to modify its shipping orders. Germany began blockade of England by islnking two vessels. Feb. 23.—German blockaders sank

American steamer Carlb, Norwegian ship Regin. damaged British collier and three British merchant steamers. Reims bombarded by Germans. 20 civilians killed. -Feb. 26—Allied fleets reduced Turkish .forts at entrance of Dardanelles. Feb. 28.—Dacia seized by French cruiser «ind taken to Brest. March 2.—Great Britain laid embargo against shipment of all commodities Into 'Germany. Hamburg-Amerlcan officials indicted In New York by federal grand jury for conspiracy to defraud the United States. March 6.—Austrians evacuated Czernorwitz, Bukowina. March B.—Zeppelin airship L-8 destroyed near Tlrlemont and 17 of crew killed. March 10.—American ship William P. Frye sunk by German cruiser Prlnz Eltel Friedrich. Prlnz Eltel at Newport News 'with captain and crew of Frye. March 11.—German submarine U-12 sunk by British torpedo boat Ariel. British took Neuve Chapelle. Germans abanboned Augustowo, Polland. off all trade with Germany, ordering technical blockade. German cruiser Dresden sunk off Falkland Islands by British warships Glasgow and Kent and Japanese converted cruiser .Orama. March 18.—American sanitary commission organized for work in Serbia. British battleships Irresistible and Ocean land French battleship Bouvet sunk by mines in the Dardanelles. March 22.—Austrian fortress of Przemiyzl surrendered to Russians. Turks massacred thousands Of ChrisItians at Urumtah, Persia. March 23.—Germans In Ghent executed 17 Belgians as spies. - ——- Germans drove Russians out of East I Prussia. Allies landed force on Gallipoli peninsula. March’27.—Russians forced way through ! Carpathians into Hungary. March 28.—Twenty-day battle in Champagne country won by French, Germans | losing 60,000. • —•'« r German submarine sank British steamers Aguilar and Falaba, about HO-llves | being lost. April 4.—Russians cleared Beskld range of Austrians. * Turkish cruiser Mejidieh sunk by Russian mine. - April B.—Germany agreed to pay for sinking American ship William P. Frye. April 10.—Steamer HarpalySe, first relief ship of New York to Belgium, sunk in North sea by torpedo or mine. April 21.—United States replied to German government’s criticism of Its foreign policies, denying allegations and rejecting suggestions that exportation of arms be prohibited. April 28.—French cruiser Leon Gambetta sunk by Austrian torpedo, 662 lives lost. April 29.—German air raiders dropped incendiary bombs on five English east coast towns. Russians occupied Loubnia, northeast of Uzsok pass. April 80.-British announced destruction of eight- German submarines withlp week by mines and net traps. May 1.-British torpedo boat destroyer and two German torpedo boats sunk in fight In North sea. American tank steamer Gulflight torpedoed by Germans off Scllly Islands, captain and .two seamen lost. ‘ May &—Au stro-German forces occupied . Tal-now. ..• - ' -|.‘j ’■ ; . May 7.—Canard liper Lusitania torpedoed and .sunk by Germans off coast of Ireland with tods of 1,266 Uvea Including »116 Americans: among the latter A. Q. Vanderbilt. Elbert Hubbard. Chas. Frohman. - Chas. Klein and Charfeß Plamondon. May B.—British destroyer Maori sunk by Inina ■'.. .v !■'_ 'j_ • Russian naval base of Llbau captured by Germans.

, May decided U. 8. should demand Germany make reparation for deaths of Americans resulting from submarine attache and give guaranties against repetition of offense. May 12.—British battleship Goliath torpedoed in Dardanelles, 500 lost May 11—President Wilson’s note to Germany cabled. May 17.—Zeppelin attacked English coast towns and was driven off and pled by aeroplanes. ->— T May 21.—French won entire Loretta hill north of Arras after six months of continuous fighting. v " May 22.—Russian battleahip Panteleimon sunk In Black sea with 1,400 men. May 23.—Jtaly declared War against Austria-Hungary,! ~ May 25.—Italy Invaded Austria at head of Gulf of Venice, seizing four towns. British warship Xriumph sunk by torpedo in Dardanelles. May 26.—American steamer Nebraskan, from Liverpool without cargo, struck and crippled by torpedo off Irish coast. Italy Invaded tile Trentinq. May 27.—British battleship Majestic destroyed . by. torpedo. In Dardanelles. British auxiliary steamship Princess Irene blown up In Sheerness harbor, 430 lives lost. .May 90.—German reply to Wilson note received at Washington and declared evasive. May 31.—German Zeppelins made raid on London. June B.—Przemysi recaptured by Germans and Austrians. June 11.—Italtans took Gradisca and other Important towns. June 15.—Austro-Germans, advancing on Lemberg, captured Mosclska. Allied aeroplane fleet bombarded Karlsruhe, killing 27 persons. Zeppelin, raided English northeast coast, killing IK persons. June 16.—Russians driven over Galician border. Germapy called 400,000 young trained men” to the colors. June 21.—Austro-Germans took Rawa Ruska from Russians. General De Wet found guilty of treaaon. June 23.—Lemberg captured by AustroGermans. French took German work called the Labyrinth, west of Lena. June 28—Italy broke diplomatic reiatloryi with Turkey. Dominion freight liner Armenian sunk by Germans, 20 Americans lost. June 30.—Russians began retreat from Vistula river in Poland. .July 7.—Twenty allied aeroplanes raided Bruges, destroying docks. U. 8. navy department seized German wireless plant at Sayville, L. 1., for breaches of neutrality. July B.—Germany's reply to American note on submarine warfare unyielding in most important particulars. July 9.—German forces in German Southwest Africa surrendered to General Botha. British liner Orduna, bringing Americans home from Europe, attacked by German submarine with torpedo and shells. July 18.—Italian cruiser Giuseppe Garibaldi stink by Austrian submarine. July 22.—American reply to Germany, reaffirming former stand, sent to Berlin. Terrible massacres of Armenians by Turks reported. - ■ ■■ July 25,—American steamer Leelanaw sunk by German submarine; crew saved. July 27.—Austrians made air raid on Verona. ' July 30.—Austrians occupied Lublin. July 31.—Leyland liner Iberian sunk by German torpedo boat: seven of crew killed. Aug. 2.—Mitau, capital of Courland, taken by Germans. Aug. 3.—Great Britain flatly rejected American contentions against blockade. Aug. s.—Warsaw occupied by the Germans.— —• Aug. 6—lvangorod taken by AustroGermans. Aug. 9.—British cruiser India ard destroyer Lynx sunk. Turkish battleship Kheyr-Ed-Din Barbarossa sunk by submarine in' Dardanelles. Germans occupied Praga. Zeppelins raided English east coast, killing 15; one Zeppelin destroyed. Aug. 10.—U. 8 rejected Austro-Hungar-ian views on shipment of war supplies. —Aug. —ll.—British —submarines entered Black sea and torpedoed the Breslau and Goebefl. Aug. 14.—British troopship Royal Edward sunk by submarine in Aegean Bea; 900 lost. Aug. 17.—Germans took fortress of Kovno. Greek cabinet resigned and Venizelos was invited to form new ministry. U. 8. accepted German offer of compensation In Frye case. Zeppelins raided British east cbast, killing ten civilians: Aug. 19.—White Star liner Arabic, Liverpool for Boston, torpedoed ar.d sunk by German submarine oft Irish coast; 46 lost. Including two Americans. Aug. 20.—German fleet engaged Russian fleet in Gulf of Riga, each side losing several Vessels. Germans took Russian fortress of Novogeorglevsk Aug 21.—Italy declared war on Turkey. German cruiser sunk by British submarine in Baltic sea. British seaplane sank loaded Turkish troopship in Sea of Marmora. Germans captured Bielsk, Russia. Aug. 28.—Germans occupied Russian fortress of Ossowetz. Aug. 25.—Germans took Bialystok and Brest-Lttovsk. Aug. 26.—Germans captured Russian fortress oi Oltta. Germany declared the sinking of the Arabic, if done by German submarine, was decidedly condemned by the German government and full reparation would be made. Aug. 31—Adolphe Pegoud, noted French aviator, killed In action. Germans took Russian -fortress of Lutsk. V Sept. 2.—Germany offered to submit Lusitania and Arabic compensation claims to The Hague tribunal. Russians evacuated Grodno. Papers Involving Dumba and Bemstorff' taken by British from J. F. J. Archibald Sept 4.—Allan liner Hesperian torpedoed off Faetnet: 26 lost ..... Sept. 9.—President Wilson demanded recall of Austrian Ambassador Dumba. Germany declared it would pay no indemnity for Arabic deaths. Zeppelins raided. London, killing 20 and injuring 86. Sept. 10.—Germany defended attack on Orduna, saying it tried to escape submarine. Anglo-French financial commission arrived In America to arrange for loan of 9500,000.000 to allies. Sept. 15. Russians cheeked -Vortv- Hln—denburg’s drive toward Riga and drove Austrians further back In Galicia. . Sept. 18.—Vilna evacuated by Russians. Sept. 19.—British transport Ramazan sunk by submarine in Aegean sea; hundreds lost. JP ‘ Sept 22.—French aviators dropped 100 bombs on royal palace at Stuttgart and elsewhere In Wurtemberg. Germans captured Ostrow, but bulk of Russian army in Vilna salient escaped,. Sept 23.-r Germany promised American' Ships carrying .conditional contraband would not be sunk by and’' made other concessions. • Sept. 26.—Allies on western front began tremendous general attack on Germans. * Sept. 28 —American loan to allies, half a billion dollars at 6 per, cent, announced. Italian battleship Benedetto Brin destroyed by interior explosion; 246 lost. Austria-Hungary recalled Ambassador Dumba. ■

Sept 29.—Great battle In west without definite result . Oct. s.—Venizelos. Greek premier, resigned because the- king opposed his pro-gram-'of aiding the allies Germany, through Ambassador von BernstorlL disavowed the act of the submarine commander in sinking the Arabic and offered indemnity for two American lives lost; President Wilson accepted of-, f er. Germans began. Invasion of. Serbia, crossing the Drlna. Danube and Save rivers at many points , New Greek cabinet headed by Ai6XSH-' der Zalmis appointed,, _ Oct. B.—Serbia declared war on ’ Bulgaria. * ' Greek cabinet decided on policy of “benevolent neutrality” toward allies. Oct. 9—Fierce battle between Serbians and AustroiQermans along Drlna river Belgrade captured by the Germans. Oct. 10.—Six German naval officers interned at Norfolk, Va.. disappeared. Oct. 12.—Bulgaria began Invasion of Serbia. Fortress of Semendrla taken by the Germans. Germans executed Edith Cavell, British nurse, in Brussels.. tt Oct. 13.—Zeppelins bombarded London, killing 65 persons. Bulgaria declared war on Serbia. Oct. 15.—Great Brttian declared war on Bulgaria. France declared war on Bulgaria. Oct. 19.—Italy declared war on Bulgaria. Bulgarians cut Nlsh-Salonlkl railroad at Vranva. Oct. 22.—German drive on Riga was halted. i_ 1 ) Germans defeated In, bloody fight ■'on Tahure hill, France. --jvLjL - Oct. 23.—Germany officially upheld execution of Edith Cavell. British submarine sank German cruiser Prtnz Adalbert near Labau. Oqt. 24.—British submarine sank Turkish transport Carmen In Sea of Marmora. Germans drove back Russians northwest of Dvlnsk. Oct. 26.—Teutons and Bulgarians Joined forces and moved south In Serbia British transport Marquette torpedoed in Aegean; 90 lost. Oct. 28.—French cabinet resigned .and Briand became premier. Nov. 4.—Zalmis cabinet defeated in Greek chamber of deputies and resigned. Nov, 6.—Bulgarians defeated French near Prilip but were beaten at Babuna pass. German cruiser Undine sunk by British submarine, Nov. 6.—Bulgarians captured Nish, opening through rail route for Teutons to Turkey. King of Greece called M. Skouloudis to form new neutrality cabinet. Nov. 9.—ltalian liner Ancona sunk by Austrian submarine in Mediterranean; 200 lost. Including some Americans. Nov. 10—German cruiser Frauenlob torpedoed by British submarine in Baltic. , Nov. 12.—Cl«tr<hill resigned from, British cabinet to join the army in France. Nov. 13.—Bulgarians and Germans drovje Serbians out of Morava valley. Nov. 14.—Austrian aeroplanes raided Verona, killing thirty. Nov. 16.—U. S. called on Austria-Hun-gary to explain sinking of the Ancona. Nov. 17.—Bulgarians outflanked Serbians in Babuna pass and French along Cerna river. - ~ Britisli hbspißar ship Anglia - sunk W mine in English channel: 85 lost. Austria formally denied blame for loss of life in sinking of the Ancona Gorttz. under terrific bombardment, 1n flames in many places. Nov. 20.—Germans occupied Novibazar. German guardship sunk by Russian destroyers near Libau: 180 lost. Nov. 25.—Germans captured thousands mote Serbians and drove the northern army toward the frontier. British advance on Bagdad repulsed by Turks. 0 «v Nov. 27.—Serbian government and the diplomatic corps arrived at Scutari. Canadian government seized all high grade wheat in elevators from Fort William to Atlantic coast. Dec. I.—Teutons and Bulgarians pursued Serbs Into Albania Dec. 2.—More Italians landed at Avlona Monastlr occupied by Austrians. Managing Director Buenz and three other officials of Hamburg-American line 4n New York convicted of conspiracy to deceive and defraud U. 8. Dec. 9.—President Wilson asked Germany to recall Captain Boy-Ed, naval attache, and Captain von Papen, military attache of German embassy at Washington. Foreign Minister Sonnino declared Italy would fight the war to the finish. Dec. 4.—Unnamed American ship in Mediterranean sent Wireless call saying It was attacked by submarine. Roumanla commandeered all foreign shipping In its harbors. * Henry Ford’s peace crusaders sailed from New York. Buenz, Koetter and Hochmeister, Ham-burg-American line officials, sentenced to 18 months’ imprisonment; Poppinghauge to one year. Dec. 6.—Pope Benedict issued appeal for just and lasting peace. •British submarine sank Turkish destroyer and five other vessels in Sea of Marmora, Roumania closed Danube to navigation. Dec. B.—U. S. asked Austria to disavow attack on the Ancona, punish the submarine commander and pay for deaths pf Americans. Dec. 9.—Allies driven from Serbia into Greece. Dec. I#.—Kaiser recalled Boy-Ed and Von Papen. Dec. 14.—U. S. demanded France release six Germans taken from American vessels. Dec. 15.—Gen. Sir Douglas Haig succeeded Field Marshal French as British commander in France and Flanders. Austria made unsatisfactory reply to note on Ancona. Dec. 17.—Four Germans arrested in New York and Jersey City on charge of plotting to blow up Welland canal. Dec. 20.—U. S. reply to Austrian note delivered at V4etmar. ~ —*■>■ . ■ !—- Dec. 22.—Artillery duel on western front. Dec. 24.—Indecisive action in Gallipoli. Dec, 26.—Allied aviators raided German posts In France.