Evening Republican, Volume 19, Number 178, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 29 July 1915 — Page 2

GENERAL DOOMS NEPHEW CAUGHT AS A DESERTER

Russian Commander’s Vote Decides Fate of Young Pole Who Quit Regiment. JOINED THE AUSTRIAN ARMY General Rad).v.no Had the Misfortune La rr>t;oe at the Court-Martial Which Sealed the Fate of His Favorite Relative.

By DR. WOLF VON SCHIERBRAND.

(Correspondent of the New York Sun). Vienna. —Doubtless the darkest national tragedy in this world war is that of the Poles. There one sees a distinct ethnological entity, a people whose tongue is the most musical and cultivated of all the Slavic languages, with a fine literature showing names like that of Henry K. Sienkiewicz, of universal fame, advanced in all the arts, Paderewski being a fine example; the most gifted of all the Slavs, of high valor, of a quality both distinct and elevated. Yet the curse of destiny has brought it about that this people of altogether about 22,000,000 has been split up into three unequal parts —roundly, 12,000,000 of them under Russian rule, about 7,000,000 under Austrian and about 3,000,000 under German rule. And what results of even the present giant upheaval will be so far as the Poles are concerned not even the wisest can foretell. Tragedies Every Day. Meanwhile every day tragedies on a minor scale are happening among the Poles which, for the most part, will never see page and printer’s ink. Yet many are worth the telling. Here is one in point. 1 tell it just as it was told to me. without the slightest attempt at coloring the facts. Let the reader judge for himself. Among the Russian prisoners taken tt Tarnow, Galicia, some three weeks go by the Austrian army was a fine, dignified looking man, a general who had not yielded without first using his sword. He was General Stephen Radymno, a Pole by race and language, but a brave, undaunted soldier of the czar. He is now recovering from his injuries in one of the reserve hospitals of Vienna, and later on will be taken as prisoner of war to one of the great camps in Bohemia. Nephew a Deserter. General Radymno had the misfortune to be forced to condemn his favorite nephew to death. He presided at the court-martial which sealed the young man's fate, and his was the deciding voice that doomed the young man to immediate execution; for the nephew, Jan Radymno, had committed treason. Although serving in one of his uncle's own regiments as first lieutenant, he had gone over to the enemy—to the Polish legion fighting under the banner of the Hapsburgs. This he had done in the middle of the night, and in bis shabby quarters, a short distance back of the trenches, there was found the next morning a slip of paper on which were a few lines addressed to his uncle, the general saying he found himself “forced to choose between two duties —and that toward Poland came first.” Then he had added a word or two to the general himself imploring him to follow his example "and help free Poland from the Muscovite yoke.” Poles Make Raids.

All this happened early last December; the general’s trenches were held for five months longer. Back of his positions were woods, impenetrable, deep in snow, and into them he was frequently obliged to send skirmishing parties to attack the rear of the Polish Legion of Austria, who made frequent raids. The rumor somehow spread in the regiment to which Lieutenant Radymno had belonged that he was with these legionaires and that he even directed a number of the raids and sudden attacks. The Russians were bittej, and many prisoners captured were given short shrift. One Russian soldier named Destyatuk. who had belonged to the “rotte (squad) formerly commanded by Lieutenant Radymno, swore he had recognized his former officer in the ranks of the enemy on one occasion. The general, his uncle, never heard any of these rumors, however. One night late in March, when the snow still lay thick and a gale was blowing, the very company to which the deserter had belonged was surprised. The men had changed their quarters only the day before, having lost many in their trenches, and had been sent to the rear. This particular raid was singularly bold, rapid and desperate. The Russians were surprised in their sleep, and before they could gather for a stand they were badly beaten. But at last there came succor, and then there was hard fighting, chiefly with the bayonet on account of the uncertain light With half the little force slain, the Russians finally got a small band of their foes into the church, and there, after a hand to hand struggle, took some prisoners. - . ■ -: —i Uncle Condemns Him. Among the prisoners was Jan Radymno, or what was If ft of him. A bayonet thrust had .split his cheek and cut his lips. His blouse hung about him in flatters. In this condition he

LAST REFUGEES LEAVING YPRES

The once beautiful city of Ypres. which has been bo terribly battered by the guns of both armies, is now utterly abandoned by its inhabitants. The last of the refugees are here seen leaving the city.

was taken before his uncle, the Russian general. The general looked his nephew over, but said nothing. At once (it was but six in the morning and still dark) he summoned a court-martial. There were five —he himself as chief. Captain Stchukin. Captain Fyedotoft. Lieutenant Tau and Sergeant Major Yevseyenko. The accused was called in, then the witnesses. Among them was the man who had bayoneted his former lieutenant, and two others who identified him. The facts were plain, indisputable. Jan Radymno was questioned. He admitted everything—in a thick voice, for the thrust had lacerated his tongue—but without flinching. Two of the five in the court-martial were in favor of having the prisoner taken to headquarters, some ten miles ofT; two others, including Captain FyedotofT, wanted sentence pronounced and executed at once. The decision rested with the general. He said that inasmuch as responsibility regarding operations in the woods had been confided to him he was in favor of Immediate sentence. The two captains nodded their heads. Jan Radymno had b6en a gallant officer, a good comrade, but this was a plain case. General Pronounces Sentence. So the general in a cold, inflexible Voice . pronounced sentence. Then he said, as an afterthought: "Have you some wish to express?” Jan Radymno took one step forward, leaned hard on the table and said: ‘‘l have a little boy, Piotr, six years old. I ask, I command, I implore, that he be brought up as a Pole —to remember, to love his people and his native land, and to be informed how his father ench ed. That is my last wish. My everlasting curse on you, uncle, if it be not carried ouL” Then they took him away behind the house. His uncle leaned against the wall and shaded his eyes, but he said nothing. This had been his favorite nephew. He sank into a chair and hid his face in both hands. He waited. Outside six men were digging a grave in the sandy soil. Jan sat motionless near by, his head on his breast, gazing at a faded photograph of his little boy. At last he lifted his head. He stood up, removed his torn blouse, and that showed his shirt in shreds as well. He slowly moved to the wall and put his back against it The sergeant of the firing squad came up with a handkerchief. Jan motioned him away. Then the old general, waiting, heard the shot that meant his nephew's death.

HERR NEUFELD

German who is traveling in Arabia trying to arouse the interest of the native tribes in the present state of affairs in Europe. The greater part of the tribes are adherents of Islam, to which faith belong alto the Turks of Ottoman descent.

THE EVENINO REPUBLICAN. RENSSELAER. IND.

HIS FIRST CHARGE

Britisher’s Experience of the - Realities of War. Hesitated In Thick of Battle at First Opportunity to Take Human Life —“Saw Red” When His Comrade Was Shot Down. Paris. —Lying in a hospital here a young British soldier who had been a London broker a few months ago, told the story of his first bayonet charge. It will be Ills last, too, for he will never be well enough again to be sent back to the front. “We had gone into the trenches round Ypres only a few days before,” he said, “and my first experience of the realities of war was to lie patiently suffering an awful inactivity while the artillery on both sides belched destruction on the men facing each other in the trenches. “As dawn broke I felt an uncontrollable desire to climb out of the trench into the open, but I knew it was courting death, as I saw the next moment. The man nearest me raised his head above the parapet, and in an instant was bagged by a sniper. He rolled over with a stifled murmur, and lay quite still with his face buried in the soft red earth. I turned him over and spoke to him, but he was dead, with a hole in his forehead. “The day passed fairly quiet until dusk, when we received the order that in an hour's time we were to storm one of the enemy’s advanced positions. The next hour seemed a lifetime. The noise of the bombardment swelled louder and louder, but I hardly noticed it. The men around me shbwed their emotions in their faces. Some were excited and showed an almost exaggerated enthusiasm for the work in hand. The majority were strangely silent. I can honestly say I felt no actual fear, but I could not help remembering that in a'short time our numbers would probably be reduced by half, and I was prepared for the worst. “In five minutes the order would be given and the thought of what was coming made my blood boil. I, too, became impatient to get out into that stretch of open ground which separated us from our goal. It was dark now, and the enemy’s searchlight began to sweep our positions. Two more minutes and we should leap from our trenches. “The bombardment reached its height, and with a wild, vicious final rear which seemed to open the heavens it ceased. The moment had arrived. The order was given, and, scrambling over the parapet, we emerged into the shell-swept zone. The enemy’s guns began to spit fire among our ranks, but no one wavered. If we had felt any fear it had now left us. Men fell on all hands, but with a yell we rushed forward with bared steel towards the raised ground. “Our artillery had done its work well, for we found the wire defenses almost completely blown away. We reached the enemy’s front trenches, and I raised my bayonet as a big Bavarian made to fire at me. “Then something within me made me hesitate, and a comrade laid tho man out just in time. In the thick of the fight it had just dawned on me that I was about to take a human life for the first time, and I had felt a momentary repugnance. “The next instant, however, one of our men next to me fell in a heap and a bullet whizzed past my face. Then I knew what it was to ‘see red.' With a yell I bayoneted the German who had shot the man, and had soon accounted for three more. The place was like a shambles. The German front line trenches were filled with a heap of tom and bloody corpses and we were now attacking the rear trenches. “Then suddenly I felt \ a pain in my shoulder, but I rushed on. I tried to raise my rifle, but found I could not, and the next moment I was hit simultaneously in the arm and the jaw. The pain was terrible, but as I lay on the ground I tried to shout for joy. I was infected with the fever of our success, for I knew that the position was won. Then I lost consciousness ard I woke up in the field hospital."

BABY’S SECOND YEAR

DEVELOPMENT THEN DEPENDB ON PROPER FOOD. The Following Sample Meals for a Healthy Child May Be Given With Perfect Bafety—List of "Tastes" to Be Avoided. (Prepared by the Children’s Bureau, U. 8. Department of Labor.) After the baby Is finally weaned from the breast, at about one year of age, he too often seems to have a setback. His development does not progress as satisfactorily as during the first year, and the regular gain in weight does not proceed as before. The trouble usually lies in the baby’s failure properly to digest the new foods given to him at this period. In addition to foods suitable for the period between nine and twelve .months, after he Is a year ora he may have a small saucer of well-cooked, strained cereal twice a day, and will require about one quart of milk during 24 hours. At fifteen months he may have a little rare beef, or well-cooked chicken or mutton. Meat for a baby should be boiled, roasted or broiled, never fried, and should be given to the baby scraped or finely minced. The following are sample meals for a day for a healthy child from eighteen months to two yqars old: (An ounce is two tablespoonfuls.) 7 a. m. —Milk, 8 to 10 ounces; piece of zwiebach, toast or dried bread. 9 a. m.—Orarfge Juice, 2 ounces. 10 a. m. —Cereal, 2 tablespoonfuls; cup milk, toast or dry bread. 2 p. m.—Broth, 6 ounces; meat, 1 tablespoonful; vegetable (spinach), 1 tablespoonful; stale bread, 1 piece; baked apple, 1 tablespoonful. 6 p. m.—Cereal, 1% tablespoonfuls; milk, 6 to 8 ounces; toast or bread. 10 p. m.—Milk, 8 ounces in cup (may be omitted). The following rules for cooking and preparing certain of these articles may be helpful to mothers: Toast. —Bread one day old, cut in very thin slices; slices placed on edge in a toast rack In an oven to dry, Leave oven door partly open. Broth.—Of round steak, one pound; of water, one pint. Put the meat on In cold water and allow It to come to a boil, then lower the flame so that It basely simmers for three or four hours. Remove the meat and add enough water to nftke up the original amount of liquid; strain through a wire sieve and set aside to cool. When cold the fat Is removed in a solid piece, leaving a clear liquid or jelly. Heat a small portion when it is time to feed the baby. Keep the jelly covered and on ice. Meat. —One tablespoonful. Take meat, round or sirloin steak, scraped with a silver spoon. When you have the desired amount, shape into a pat and broil on a hot, dry spider. When done, add a little salt. Or, a piece of rare round or sirloin steak, the outer part having been cut away, is scraped or shredded with a knife. Spinach.—Cook spinach in salted water until tender. Pour cold water over it and drain. Rub through a fine sieve. Baked Apple.—Apple baked threequarters Of an hour. Skin and core removed, two tablespoonfuls of pulp strained through sieve. Cereal, Flour Preparations.—Cereal preparation, three-quarters of a cupful cooked with one quart of water for three-quarters of an hour in double boiler. Add enough water to keep moist. Oatmeal. —Have a pint of water boiling in the top of the double boiler; add one-half teaspoonful of salt and drop In gradually one-half cupful of oatmeal flakes, stirring all the while. Cook for three hours and strain through a wire sieve. Pour on it one to two ounces of milk. It Is important, also, to know what not to feed the baby. It is a great temptation to please the baby by giving him “tastes” of various kinds of foods, especially when he Is fretful. But this will almost surely result in his harm. Never give him candy, cakes, doughnuts, pastry, fresh bread, griddle cakes, sirup or molasses, pork or tough meat of any kind, bananas, overripe fruits, pickles, tea, coffee, soda water or beer, nor the meats, vegetables and other things appearing on the family table.

Jam-Making Time.

Jam-making time is beginning and It is a good plain to always grease the bottom of the preserving pan with best olive oil before putting in the fruit, for it prevents the jam from burning. Also add a lump of butter about as big as a walnut for every six pounds of fruit, putting it in when the jam comes to the boil after the sugar has been added and let melt By the way, one should never let jam boil after the sugar Is put in till it has really melted, or the Jam will go thin.

Stewed Prunes.

Take a pound of prunes, wash them carefully and put them in a stew pan with the grated rind of a lemon, a little cinnamon and allspice and three tablespoons of sugar. Cover with cold water and boil until soft. Serve warm or cold.

Stenciling Curtains.

When stenciling curtains make the colors a little darker than you wish them to appear. When hung at the windows the colors seem lighter than they really are.

AMBITIOUS PLANS of ZIONISTS

IF the war in Europe changes the outlook tor the better of any cause more quickly and more radically than it did that of Zionism among Jews of America and of the world, that cause, whatever it be, has not yet been discovered. A year ago a few Jews were Zionists; the vast majority were not. And they were rather zealously not They fought the plan, often by ridicule, a deadly weapon. Today almost all Jews are Zionists. The change was brought about by the war and by the probable fall of the Turkish power in Syria. American Jews are leading. Jews of the world are watching whit Jews here do and say. In Boston there was recently held a Zionist week. The Federation of American Zionists held a congress and various other Jewish organizations held congresses, conventions, conferences. These other Jewish bodies include the Knights of Zion, strongest in the middle West, and composed chiefly of laymen; the Order of Sons of Zion, Hadasseh, composed of Jewish women. Poale Zion, Misrachi, and the Young Judeans. Conventions sat in the old City club and in the synagogues. The remarkable growth of Zionism is shown by the fact that the American federation has 155 organizations affiliated with it, all growing, and all in favor of the new movement in Palestine. It is now claimed that three in four of all American Jews are Zionists. It may well be asked: Precisely what is Zionism among the Jews? The answer is -that it is an effort to satisfy that longing among Jews, a‘ longing centuries old, for a national and religious home; a home that is their own; a home that is in the land of the Bible; a home where there is not only politics, but where religious Judaism asserts itself and grows. All Jews agree that with the end of this great war must come a solution of the Jewish problem that will stay solved for all time, and most Jews hold firmly the point that a home in Syria will furnish such a solution. Looking Here for Leadership. Jews do not reckon that all of their number, about 14,000,000, will migrate to Palestine. That is not their

Antioch, Whose Glories Are to Be Revived.

thought or expectation. Some Jews now in America desire to go there. Many more in Russia, in Poland, in Austria, In Germany, in England, are looking to Jews in this country to lead in plans that may make it possible for them to go there. The expectation is that Palestine can become a Jewish state of 4,000,000 besides other races remaining there. Here Jews may have a home, even if all Jews do not reside in it. Here Jews may demonstrate successful government, based on those ideals of Jewish patriarchs with which Christians are familiar, but which they do not follow. Here, as one Zionist leader, Rev. Dr. H. Pereira Mendes of New York, puts it, “there may be established a great Hebrew university for the study of world questions; one that will emphasize the spiritual state of the world existing for the world; and that goes further even than Lincoln’s program for a nation, and teach government of the people, for the peoples of the world, and under God, by the peoples of the world.” American Jews have already entered into Zionist plans. Jews of St Louis have just bought 8,000 acres of land quite near to the shores of the Sea of Galilee. One nundred and fifty Jews of New York, joining in a plan, have invested $455,000 in a tract near Haifa. Some Chicago Jews have purchased a tract not far from Cana, where was the wedding feast mentioned by St John. Sixty Jews of Winnipeg have bought a vast tract near the Sea of Joppa, and Pittsburgh and Cleveland Jews are interested in a tract of 1,800 acres not far from the Armageddon about which so much is heard in political literature of our day. If one consults a map, poesibly-the

map found in the back of his Bible, he finds that desert fills the very center of the region that Jews must occupy if they call Palestine home. The fact is that until a few years ago almost all of the Holy Land was desert in the Bense that it was treeless, and its acres raised next to nothing in the way of crops. But all that has changed. Deserts are no more deserts in Palestine than in our own West. Expert tillers of land have seen to that. Trees now grow in Palestine, and the land raises great crops ?of grain and harvests of fruits. Very large numbers of Jews already live in Palestine, of course, and there are considerable cities. True Jerusalem has barely a population of 45,000, but Damascus is a thriving city of 140,000, Beirut one of 120,000, and Bagdad, away off in the East, 145,000. Joppa has 10,000, ancient Antioch 17,000. Hebron 10,000, and Tarsus, where St. Paul came from, 22,000. Region Jews Want. The region which Jews covet for a home extends from the sea eastward to the Euphrates, and perhaps beyond, taking in not only Syria, but perhaps part of Mesopotamia. Possibly it may extend Into Anatolia, and northward into Kurdistan and Armenia. Ancient Babylon will then be within Its borders, and so many parts of the great Bagdad railway line, which Constantinople in favorable hands is to be the route to India by the way of the Persian gulf, rather than around Spain, through the Gibraltar straits, the Suez canal, and the Red sea. Here is a region. considerably larger in square miles than France, and so far as territory goes, therefore, competent to make a Jewish one of the great states of the world. A few months ago there was tentatively formed in England a Christian committee on the Holy Land that immediately sounded their acquaintance in America on the subject of creating, should Turkey fall and the council of war at last have the disposal of Palestine in its plans, a great educational resort. Its aim was not a political state at all, but a center of instruction and inspiration for Christians of the world. Fortunes of war not going England’s way altogether,

nothing of late has been, heard ol this plan. These English Christian* were, however, sufficiently alive to business to say to American Christians that a first need of the proposed Palestine resort would be the development of rapid transit lines, already begun, so that electric railways would cover every part of the famous region. There were also to be comfortable hotels. So equipped, the statement in these English letters was to the effect that the whole world besides does not afford a place that would actually attract so many visitors. Development Going On. Developments of banks, of farms, of hospitals, of sanitary homes and of many things that go to make up comfortable living, have been put into Palestine. Jews now feel that with the end of the war, and land questions uppermost, there will be tremendous strife for possession of Palestine. They argue that they are the logical heirs to it, and .they purpose, through consolidation of their Zionist forces, to be in position to accept it and to guarantee its wise use. They will argue that the Christian development as proposed by the English Christian* need not be shut out; that it is not inconsistent with their ambitions foi a Jewish home state. Jews urge for a Palestine that is entrusted to them a neutral government, somewhat after the pattern of Switzerland, and here the Jews want to apply the principles of the Jewish law aa found in the Tal mud to modem conditions; a largei adaptation and use of religion to modem education and life. Jews believe tfrnt such a state will do away with discriminations, social and otheg against Jews everywhere.