Evening Republican, Volume 19, Number 89, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 15 April 1915 — Page 2

MAKES FOR SAFETY

AUTOMATIC CONTROL OF TRAINS NOW POSSIBLE. Invention of Chicago Man Be«m* to Be the Long-Sought Idea of Railroadore—Testa Have Proved Its Efficiency. As a result of 20 yean' effort automatic control of railroad trains la a fact. For a decade railroad oaerators, engineers and inventors have studied, ■tewed and dreamed over some device or system that would control the movements of trains Independently of human agency. It was realised that there must he some exterior mechanical hand to say yes or no. or lives of innocent people, people who paid to be safely transported, would continue to be sacrificed. From the crude semi-methods of railroading of 26 years ago the system lias changed until now transportation Is a science and in many ways practically perfect. Formerly the men between our cars turned hand brakes to ■top trains. A big brain assembled air in rubber pipes and called it an air brake. This marked an era, a new deal under which trains operating

Anatol Gollos.

at any speed could be stopped in a comparatively short distance. It also meant easier and more comfortable traveling, as it became possible to stop trains at stations easily. Then came ventilators, screens for windows and the automatic coupler to save the lives of employees. It is a matter of ancient record that every new thing, regardless of merit. Is treated lightly, not only by surface thinkers, but by men of broad caliber. It seems natural to look at Innovations this way, or, rather, it would appear that few persons are big enough to see ahead. Along with the automatic coupler, or a little ahead of it, arrived the signal system, manual and automatic. This operated to keep trains apart, if the engine drivers could see the signal. Right here came the demand for something that would keep the train apart when the locomotive driver failed to see the signals. ' Railroad managers said that automatic control of trains or stops was desirable, but smiled when asked if It were possible. This attitude of the railroad men resulted in congress appointing a board of engineers to look into the question of automatic control of trains and signals. This board was known as the Automatic Signal and Train Control board and reported to the Interstate Commerce commission. The commission is now conducting a nation-wide search for a device that will make derailment, collisions and wrecks impossible, and to Anatol Golloa, a Chicagoan, has, fallen the honor of being the first inventor in the country to procure an official investigation, the reward coming after three years of work on the automatic train control and recorder. Tests are made by the government only after the preliminary inquiry has shown that the device is practical. The. tests of Mr. Gollos' invention are being made on the main branch of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy railroad, under the personal supervision of H. j. Lyon, inspector of safety appliances for the commission, and will cover a period of six months. The results of the tests already made have proved eminently satisfactory. In one instance a passenger train was placed 500 feet from the block containing the third rail. The test train came along at 40 miles an hour and was stopped by the automatic device 300 feet from the end of the passenger train. The Qolloa automatic train stop device consists of a charged third rail, about one hundred feet long, placed at every block. The energized track comes into contact with the shoe fastened on the fender of the engine whicl. is susceptible to the slightest influence. If there is another train within a radius of one mile and a half, if there is a break in the track, or anything wrong at all, warning is given tq the engineer by a shrill whistle placed "oc his seat If he does not •low down his train at this warning, the air brakes automatically set to applied a

FEWER ACCIDENTS ON LINE

Safety First Campaign Has Had Moat Gratifying Results on Western Railroad. Safety first is not a question of dollars and cents; it Is a question of saving human life, the most valuable thing In the world, which, when once gone, can never be brought back. It la trying to save men from losing their legs and their arms, which never can be put back. It Is trying to save the making of widows and orphans, destitution and misery. Neither the officers nor the laws can do it. But the workmen can do It If they try. The following statement shows the reduction In number of accidents on the Chicago & Northwestern railroad for four and one-half years ending December 3i, 1914, as compared with four and one-half years on Bame basis as year ending June 30,1910, before the safety first committees were organized: One hundred and seventy-three fewer employees killed, a decrease of 35.3 per cent. Ten thousand, six hundred and seventy-one fewer employees injured, a decrease of 27.3 per cent. Nine hundred and sixty-one fewer passengers Injured, a decrease of 22.8 per cent. Two hundred and ten fewer outsiders killed, a decrease of 19.4 per cent Two hundred and twenty-eight fewer outsiders injured, a decrease of 8.2 per cent. Mileage June 30. 1910, 7.953. Mileage December 31, 1914, 8,423. The Northwestern railroad operates in nine states, with a mileage of 8,423 miles; the safety first work was commenced in May, 1910, and there are now over nine hundred men serving on the division, terminal, shop, local and central safety committees. The best evidence of the effectiveness of the work done by the men serving on these safety committees is shown in the following statement of reduction in accidents for the six months ending December 31, 1914, as compared with the same six months In 1909, before the safety first organization was put into operation:

1909 1914 Employees killed 61 24 Employees injured 4.546 3.025 In our statistics every case is counted where the injured person loses one day's time or more.

NEW DOOR FOR GRAIN CARS

Many Advantages Claimed for Invention Which Is Shortly to Be Put on the Market.

The invention relates to grain cars used for transporting grains of varying kinds. Among the advantages of this Invention are: 1. To simply use the threshold plate or toeplate (which is on every car) as a sure and efficient grain release. 2. It does not matter in which way the door above the plate is adjusted, as it is bound to come out intact when the pressure of the grain is taken from behind it on letting the plate down. There is no excuse whatever to destroy the door. 3. It places

Grain Car Door.

in the hands of the railroad companies a means of release in permanent connection with their cars which puts them in a position to demand damages for any injury to their doors in the process of unloading grain. It is easier to let down the plate than to break through the door. —Scientific American.

Country of Few Tunnels.

Although there are 1,600 miles of railroad lines in Uruguay, there is but one tnnnel in the entire country. It was bored more for the purpose *of preventing excessive curves than to avoid unusual engineering difficulties. The relatively flat nature of the country makes railway building less expensive than in other South American countries.

Shows Danger in Wood Fires.

A small railroad operating an oilburning locomotive on the Tahoe national forest, California, had a breakdown and burned wood instead of oil for one day. On this day fifteen fires started along the right of way. During the preceding year, only one fire occurred near the railroad.

Takes Muscle to Drive Big Cara.

It is well to remember that a car with great weight and long wheel base requires much strength, judgment and carefulness to drive It safely. Its great momentum when in motion calls for foresight; its weight makes !♦ needful to keep out of soft places and deep rats. s < ■ ■

Replacing Ball Bearings.

• When ball bearings become worn It is not always necessary to hare complete new bearings installed. The old qimhi be repaired and’be almost as good as new. This can be done by turning up the ball braces and using larger balls of proper sins.

THE EVENING REPUBLICAN. RENSSELAER. IXD.

THE DARDANELLES

THE Dardanelles, known in classic times as the Hellespont, is the golden key to the door of Asia. The strait, which connects the Sea of Marmora with the Aegean sea, is approximately for-ty-five miles long and varies in width from four miles to a mile and a quarter at Dardanelles, its narrowest point. It was just at this part of the ■trait that, according to the ancient verses ascribed to Musaens, the servant of the. muses, a legendary poet supposed to have lived about the fifth century, the enamored Leander, residing in Abydos, the Asiatic town, wooed and won the beautiful Hero, one of the priestesses of Venus, at Sestos, exactly opposite on the European side. Gallipoli, the ancient seaport, a vilayet of Edlrneh, Turkey, on the pen insula of Gallopoll. is, next.to the city of Dardanelles, the most important town on the strait. It was known in classical times as Calllpolls, and in the middle ages, it is said, was a large commercial center and valued highly aa constituting the “Key to the Hellespont." The town of Dardanelles Is situated on a flat point opposite the European fort of Tchanak Kalesi, which guards the entrance to the strait from the Aegean sea. Two famous forts known as castles defend the Dardanelles, the one in Asia, Tchanak Kalesi, or Earthenware Castle of Asia, on the site of the ancient city of Abydos, and its mate opposite known as Khilldl Bahar, “the lock of the sea,” which Is built on the sides of a steep projecting cliff. Its castle, however, Is of less Importance than Its neighbor. The Turks have a romantic story of their own regarding Abydos, now known as Dardanelles. It seems that a firm resistance was offered to the Ottomans who besieged It under the command of Orchan, the son of Sultan Othman. The city at last was forced to yield, owing to the treachery of the governor’s daughter, who had fallen in love with a handsome young Turk. Her treachery alone occasioned the fall of the town, which to this day has remained one of the most prized strongholds of the Turks. In the town the sight of a foreigner and the sound of the English tongue Is a matter of much comment, even in the best of times. Just after the so-called bombardment of the Dardanelles reported to have taken place by an Italian warship during the war over Tripoli, the writer had the unique experience of being one of the eleven foolhardy passengers on the first Austrian Lloyd steamer from the port of Piraeus, Greece, willing to take the risk of attempting to pass through the Dardanelles. A Hazardous Journey. At the Aegean end of the strait, after a long wait and much uncertainty as to whether the steamer would be permitted to make the hazardous Journey through the Dardanelles, known to be thickly sown with mines, a little grimy Turkish tug took the long tin* of shipping in tow, which had for some time been awaiting a convoy to proceed on its Journey to Constantinople, or the ports on the Black sea, a Journey interrupted by the false reports of an Italian bombardment, which very fortunately, as it happened, had not actually taken place. The passengers were filled with trepidation and fear as they anxiously watched the little snorting tug laboriously twist and turn In an amazingly Intricate and tortuous course, first close to shore, and then by a sharp ttirn, making apparently for the opposite side of the famous channel. It was a wonderful sight to see the little craft ahead, each of the others following as closely as they could the stern of the preceding vessel, Imitating most faithfully the anticrof the small Turkish convoy, lest It he blown up by minaing but one of the labyrinthian twists and turns, and to look back and see the five ships behind, as diligently playing the same game of follow the leader, while on each side of the narrow waterway an almost continuous line of fortifications, hidden breastworks, bristling batteries and until near at band, cleverly concealed armaments, proved how thorough were the preparations tor war. On arriving at the little wooden dock at the port of Dardanelles in one of the huge Turkish flatboats which come oat from the shore to take off passengers and freight from the steamer, the tourist’s passport Is demanded, even before he is permitted to alight on the dock, if being dragged up bodily by two villainous looking bandits who stand on the dock, seconded by two equally ferocious appearing gentlemen in the swaying and bobbing boat some six or seven feet

too gentle pokes and shoves, may be designated by any such mild appellation. Meet Bcowllng Looks. Once upon the dock the tourist is conscious that it is a long, long way to the steamer, which lies some distance out from the shore, as the confused babble of tongues greets the ear and the scowling looks cast upon the visitor make him well aware that he ha* left civilization and safety behind him in bis characteristic American desire to “take in the whole show,” as it is usually described. It is almost with a sense of relief that an individual is seen approaching He bows obsequiously and glibly announces: “I splk Eengleesh; I guide.” At once his services are gladly secured, but unfortunately it Is soon evident his knowledge of the English language is limited to the few phrases with whieh he introduced himself, and his French, the traveler finds, is as execrable as his own.

However, when one is In Turkey, and In Asiatic Turkey at that, it Is the part of wisdom to take things as they come' Without making any unnecessary commotion. The glances cast upon the “giours” are usually far from friendly or reassuring, and the visitor to Dardanelles becomes soon convinced of the foolishness of his action in insisting upon going ashore in the face of the just warning from the captain and officers of the steamer, who frankly advised him to remain on board, as it was pleasanter and safer to view Dardanelles from the deck of the steamer. But once ashore It Is Impossible to leave for even if the voyager was able to request to be taken back to the steamer it would not he wise to do so. Consequently the best thing to do is to appear to enjoy the sights of Dardanelles immensely, and show as great appreciation as possible for the marvelously hideous earthenware manufactured in Tchanak Kalesi and sold In the dark, little Turkish show of the town. As every visitor to Turkey well knows, the sultan’s subjects manufacture almost nothing, for which no regret is felt when the awful specimens made at Dardanelles are seen. Like a Greek Town. The better part of Dardanelles has much the appearance of a small Greek town. The hotels, shops and open-air cases all have signs printed In Greek, and the principal street Is known as “The Street of the Greek Church.” Ox teams are often encountered, lumbering slowly along, and there are numerous mangy curs of the same fierce mongrel type which formerly infested Constantinople. They are half starved nnfl snap menacingly at strangers, so & promenade in Dardanelles is rather too exciting for comfort. The streets are filled with children, some of whom look like miniature men and women, tiny puppets In baggy green silk trousers or In full-flounced, gorgeously colored silk dresses, the sons and daughters of the well-to-do Turkish officials, hut the tor greater number are forlorn little creatures, ragged and dirty, who look not only neglected but half famished. A warning blast from the steamer tells the voyager it is time to return. A hasty return is made to the dock, but the official with the traveler’s precious passport is nowhere to be seen. At last, after what seems an endless delay, the gentleman Is found, and when, after a diligent search through innumerable papers, be finally discovers the missing document the em fling gentleman is gladly given a generous gratuity for all his trouble by the anxious traveler: who gives one long sigh of relief when once more safely aboard the steamer.

Scotch Bill of Fare.

Several readers write to say that surely the English holidaymakers In Scotland who protest against the Scottish bills of tore at the boarding houses and hotels are unreasonable. “If one goes to Paris,” writes one correspondent, “one rather enjoys n«Hng the food of the place and accepting its feeding, hours and methods. It Is a welcome change to have only coffee and rolls at the hour whan Brixton and Balham are gorging themselves with thawed eggs from Siberia and bacon that Is all gristle; and llieure verte la a great Idea, also a big improvement on the brandy-end-soda interlude in the city before one catches the train that takes one toward home and dinner.”—London Chronicle.

What She Looked Like.

“Did you see that hussy who sued our son for breach of promise?” - “I did.” “What did die look Mkef .. “She looked to me like a son-kist lemon.”—Judge. ’

DAINTY SLUMBER ROBE

BELONGS TO THE GLASS OP FILMY, FRILLY LINGERIE. White op Colored Crepe do Chine or Very Fine Nainsook May Be Employed for Construction— Eyelet Work Used. This is the sort of alluring trifle ♦h«t the heroine of a “best seller” would appear in, in the frontispiece illustration; propped up in bed, luxuriously languid, sipping at a cup of belated breakfast chocolate, writes Lillian E. Youngr in the Washington Star. They always do, you know, “while clad in something mystic and lacy, with a young Matterhorn .of dainty pillows as a background and —oh, we almost forgot the telephone, located just at the lady’s elbow on a small stand, without which no boudoir is complete —in fiction. This penchant of ours for dainty underthings may be induced by reading of such perfect creatures, though It is more than likely that they Serre only as a stimulus for an inherent and already manifest love of filmy, frilly lingerie. The lovely “nighty” of the sketch may be made up in white or flesh-col-

Glorifled Gown for the Trousseau.

ored crepe de chine or in a very fine nainsook. The little outside sack is not a separate feature, but is attached to the gown by the corsage ribbon, which is run through the two together. It is cut very short and circular, and flare* nicely over the gown. The lower edge and the wing sleeves are buttonholed and eyelet-embroidered. The gown itself is sleeveless, being held over the shoulders by narrow straps. At a decidedly empire waist line appear, in brief sections across the front, back and sides, several close rows of shirring. The plain spaces between are ornamented With a touch of eyelet work. Such a design will grace the best of trousseaus.

Voluminous Veils.

One of the new veils, of the voluminous sort, has a small embroidered flower in bright color placed so that it will come over one cheek. Another big veil is unusually voluminous, and is a big, irregular circle with a circumference of. almost three yards. It is thrown over the hat so that the center of the veil and the center of the hat crown coincide, and the wide edges hang unevenly down over the arms and back and chest.

USE POSIES FOR TRIMMINGS

One Will Not Go Far Wrong if That Method of Decoration is Adhered To. If you are in doubt about trimming the new evening frock, whether or not it is cut on the empire lines, place your minds on flowers. They have returned to favor out of the decades gone by. They are used to catch the drapery on skirt or bodice, or as shoulder straps, or as moyenage girdles, when they are fragile as orchids or rosebuds. Thte short full skirt has crept in. Gathered flounces are even used on the lower edge of underskirts. A tub frock that la as good an example as 'has been seen of the tendency of spring clothes has long, slim raglan sleeves combined with a standing collar and an exceedingly full skirt. The blouse, too, while it fits smoothly acroes the shoulders, is so circularly cut that It is fully gathered into the wahitband. The circular skirt has as many gathers at the belt and a circular and gathered flounce is found at the bottom of the underskirt. This gewu is a combination of crefui batiste, pale blue or pink linen and eluny lace.

Silk Fruit.

«Hk fruit In pale colon, silk bruit in intense colors, or, for that matter. rifik £rait in any color will continue to ho a m” 1 * popular trimming this £rii., Purchased at. a shop, the prices are prohibitive for many girls, Ut made at home the coat is proportionately nothing. Circles of

AFTERNOON TEA FROCK I- A *../*■''' w If W# /I I Vd\ Reminiscent of crinoline days, is this quaint frock of chiffon in a combination of bisque and belglan blue. The corsage is traced in an embroidery motif. The sleeves are of the new tube type, gathered into a puff at wrist. The hat is a picturesque shepherdess of leghorn, covered with blue soldat chiffon, embroidered in contrasting shades. The streamers fasten under the chin.

FOLLOW FASHION OF ELDERS

Costumes for Bmall Girls Are More or Less a Copy of Those Worn by / the Grownups. Faithful to tradition, the fashions of the nursery and school room are following those of the drawing room, and girls from seven to seventeen are wearing long-waisted dresses with frills or plaits to give the basque or tunic effect. A very soft shade of red, like the wild rose, is popular for their tailormade suits, and with it is worn black headgear in the form of pliable velvetfelt or chenille, black shoes and stockings and black gloves. Military overcoats are desj&ned for little boys and girls, as well as for senior wearers. The collars and belts are distinctive characteristics of the models and on the collate are emblems of gilt or silver braid. When the Russian inspiration is not pressed unduly it Is accountable for some very handsome effects in braiding and finger-width fur trimmings upon open-air suits, and for particularly becoming collar bands, short and upright, or a roll of fur that clings closely round the neck. Pure colors are accepted now. It would seem that everything is to be simple. • So we see a green that is the usually aocepted dye, not olive, lime or pastel* but just-a pure green, and a brown afl honest Both are called Russian, and the brown is the accepted tint of the leather that smells so sweet.

Afternoon Frocks.

Afternoon dresses, whether in taffetas or cloth, will be worn with a neutral sort of coat or cloak. Pekine taffeta in blaek, bine and white is being used for afternoon frocks made with box plaits and panels, loose swathed bodice with long sleeves, a straight sash and a little sleeveless bolero. Lace is used a great deal. Some of the skirts dip at the sides, and most of them are longer In front than behind. The tunic is out, although there are still tunic effects. The loose waist line Is noticeable in every model.

kid, firmly packed with cotton and drawn up snugly, is the recipe. Add a french knot, drawing the silk thread all the way through the bruit so that it flattens It correctly, and fasten the thread tightly to the other side. Or, in gold or green silk or some contrasting color, work a tiny circle In chain stitch (before filling with cotton), then All and draw up the cover. In the center of the circle place a french knot and tighten firmly to tlj.e opposite side.

EGG ADDS TO EFFECTIVENESS

Suggestion for Best Shampoo—How to « Coaur the Eyebrow Into a Proper Appearance. To make egg shampoo, take the yolk of one egg, hot rain water, one pint and- one ounce of rosemary spirits. Beat the mixture thoroughly and rub it well into the roots of the hair. Rinse in several water* or use a bath spray, which greatly simpiflea the work. It is well to moisten the hair with warm water before the shampoo is applied; this makes the work easier and the egg will not stick -£o the hair. Here is a treatment for those afflicted with pale, sparse eyebrows and lashes which make a face expression* llgßß. ■ They can be coaxed into a better growth by rubbing the eyebrows nightly with vaseline and applying to the roots of both the eyebrows and eyelashes s tonic made by mixing five grains of sulphate of quinine with one ounce of sweet almond oIL Apply this with a fine pable hruA -Wch come, tor too purpmm.