Evening Republican, Volume 18, Number 190, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 13 August 1914 — Page 3

PUTTING UP FRUITS

DO NOT WAIT FOR THE NATIVE PRODUCT TO RIPEN. \ ■ LJet of Green Fruit Preserves as Extensive as the Ripe—Fascination In Trying Out New Recipes for Confections. The woman who delights in wellfilled shelves of home-made preserves, pickles and appetizing relishes does not wait for the native summer fruits to appear in their fully matured ripeness before beginning operations. The first contribution to her stores is several dozen each of orange and grapefruit marmalade. This must be made while the fruit is at its best and the prices reasonable. Pieplant should be used for jam and marmalade while the stalks are young and tender. Then follows closely green gooseberries, which many housewives like preserved in many ways. In fact the list of green fruit preserves is almost as extensive as the/ipe, and the woman who loves to “preserve and jell and jam” finds it very hard to resist the fascination of the work, especially when it comes to trying- some new recipe for a confection Indorsed by a friend. Grape Fruit Marmalade. —It is not too late to make a little of this delicious marmalade, though It should be prepared much earlier. It may be made without lemons, if you prefer; allowing four pounds of sugar to four pounds of the fruit pulp. When combined with lemons, proceed in the following manner: Take half a dozen ripe, heavy grapefruit, wash them and cut in thin slices. Remove the seeds and as much of the white skin as possible. Cover with water and stand over night. Cook slowly for two hours, then add the sugar aqd let it simmer until thick. Fill glasses, seal and keep In a cool place. Rhubarb Marmalade. Wash and chop enough rhubarb to make a gallon; then steep It quite soft. To each pint of the rhubarb allow a pound of granulated sugar, a pound of seeded bunch raisins and a ripe pineapple minced fine. 801 l and stir until smooth and thick. Fill glasses and seal and keep In a cool place. ( Gooseberry Jelly.—Remove stem and blossom from the berries, and to each pint of berries add one and ■ one-half cupfuls of water. Simmer until the

berries are broken, then turn them Into a jelly bag and drain over night. Measure the juice and boil quickly for 15 minutes; then stir In an equal measure of sugar and boil steadily for half an hour. It should be ready to pour into the glasses, but It is safest to try it first, same as other jelly. Be sure to remove all the scum while It Is boiling. N|ce to eat with cold meats. Cherry Preserve. —Seed the cherries, washing them quickly in cold water to prevent the strong taste so often noticeable In cherry preserves. To «very pint of cherries use one pound of sugar. Put the sugar In a porce-lain-lined kettle with just enough waiter to dissolve it Bring to a boil, add the fruit and boil, to consistency desired. / Cherry Jam.—Wash and seed the cherries and mash through a colander. If they are a sweet variety, add half as much sugar as cherries; 1& sour kind, [use from three-quarters to even quantity. Cook moderately fast In a large preserving kettle and stir almost constantly toward the last. Cook until (quite thlek.

Cocoanut Custard.

z Beat five or six eggs slightly and add one-half cupful of sugar and one(fourth teaspoonful of salt; then pour Kin slowly four cupfuls of scalded imilk. Strain, add one-half cupful of cehredded cocoanut and turn Into a (slightly buttered mold. Set In pan, [half surround with hot water and [bake in a slow oven until firm. lsurdng the baking care must be taken [that the water surrounding the mold [does not reach the boiling point, or [custard will whey. Chill and turn on serving dish. New Cleaning Cloth. i There is a cleaning cloth on the that is a glove and duster combined for which Is claimed exceptional (qualities. It Is softer than chamois, (and this softness is not lost In washing. This cloth is said to be particularly [useful in preserving the luster on •highly polished surfaces, such as those on the woods of piano boxes ana reciords for various phonographs. The [glove is stitched on in the center and ithe doth consequently Is very easily *

A Baked Mince,

Mix together two cupfuls of minced Void lamb, chicken or Teal, one cup of 'chopped ham and ope dup of fine bread crumbs. Moisten well with highly seasoned soup stock. Turn into a greased bakedish and set in the oven •until heated through. Bake upon the top of the mince as many eggs as will lie side by side on it, sprinkle with unit and pepper, return to the oven and bake until the whites are set firm. Send to table in a pudding dish.

To Clean Matting.

To clean a dirty matting: First chake it well to remove all dust, then wash It with salt and water. It must •not be made very wet, and should be well dried after being rubbed with a coarse doth, Chen hung over a rail in 'the sun. If there are any stains, spirits, such as gin. will remove them.

DRINKS FOR HOT WEATHER

Beverages Easily Prepared That Are Both Cooling and Refreshing. Iced Chocolate.—Use the following sirup: Pour one-half pint of boiling water over three tablespoonfuls of cocoa, stirring until dissolved. Add one pint of granulated sugar and boil for three minutes. Then cool, add one tablespoonful of vanilla, and bottle. Pour two tablespoonfuls of this sirup into a tumbler with some cracked ice, stir in three tablespoonfuls of whipped cream, a dash of milk and drop in a spoonful of vanilla ice cream. Coffee a la Marlon Crawford. —Make a strong Infusion of good coffee. Do* hot allow it to stand on the grounds or it will be bitter. Add sugar and chill. Put one tablespoonful of chocolate sirup in tumbler, stir in the coffee and fold in a spoonful of whipped cream. Midsummer Dream. Crush ripe peaches and very soft pears to a pulp. To two cupfuls of this add One-half cupful of pineapple juice and the same of plum juice. Sweeten and add ice water. Lay a bunch of plums with their foliage on the plate. Piazza Party Punch.—-The juice of one six lemons, three oranges, six large crushed peaches, one pint of preserved strawberries, the same of preserved denies, one bottle of grape juice- Sweeteh and add one cupful of chopped ice, one gallon of water and a cupful of crushed mint leaves. —Mothers’ Magazine. J

TO WASH DELICATE LINEN

Handkerchiefs Can Be Done Easily at Home by Following These Simple Hints. Delicate handkerchiefs can be done easily at home, and careful handling causes them to wear much better. Wet them, rub each gently over with good white soap, and soak in tepid water over plght Squeeze out (do not wring), put them in a small enameled pan, cover with cold water and half a teaspoonful of powdered borax. Boil slowly, pour into a basin, add cold water and squeeze out all soap. Next immerse them in clean, tepid water rinse out in this, then plunge into cold water tinged with blue. Leave in this for half ah hour, squeeze and dip in a slight stiffening (one teaspoonful of corn flour to a cupful of boiling water). Squeeze and roll carefully each handkerchief in a towel, and iron with a moderately hot iron. • For ordinary handkerchiefs it is a good rule to drop them before washing into cold water to which has been added a little borax and plenty of soap. 801 l thoroughly. Rinse in two waters. They will be white as snow and' perfectly clean. To whiten handkerchiefs which have become discolored through careless washing, dissolve some pipeclay in warm water and leave them to soak in the solution qj) night Next day wash and boll the handkerchief in the usual manner, and they will, be wonderfully Improved in appearance.

Fruit Punch Juice.

Put up enough red pieplant to fill an eight-quart kettle, put with this two quarts of water and let cook till pieplant Is tender, then strain through a Jelly bag. Add juice of one lemon and one cupful of sugar to each quart of juice, and can at once. This makes a delicious foundation for fruit punch. It can be made without the lemon julep If desired; and if wanted for an Invalid’s drink the lemon ought to be omitted.

Chintz Shades.

It Is no longer necessary to have white or green or tan windows shades of hollands. Interior decorators for several years have made to order window shades of chintz to match the hangings In your rooms. New shades of chintz, glazed to make It more durable, are sold ready made by a progressive dealer.

Cherry Cheese.

Stone red cherries and chop them fine; then to each pound of the fruit allow half as much sugar; add enough water to prevent from burning and slowly simmer until it forms a smooth mass, stirring all the while; when cool. It should be firm like jelly. Serve in slices, with whipped cream and angel cake. —Mother’s Magazine.

A Time Saver.

When you are in a hurry to iron dry clothes, sprinkle them with very hot water, or use cold water and wrap them in a bath towel, placing in a moderately hot oven. In either case they will be ready for the iron within half an hour.

White Cherries and Pineapple.

Shred the pineapple and cook until clear in a good preserving sirup. Have twice as many white cherries seeded and add to the pineapple, and continue to cook gently until the cherries are also clear; then seal in glass jars while hot

To Set Colors.

In washing anything blue put a handful of salt into the water; green, a lump of alum; grgy or brown, a little ox gall; tan or linen goods, a little hay water; reds and pinks, use a little vinegar.—National Magazine. '

Want Dry, Mealy Potatoes?

Did you ever try putting a piece of Mme (the else ota hen’s egg) in the ■water when you are boiling potatoes? Try it, and yen will find that the potatoes wiM be dry,and mealy.

THE EVENING REPUBLICAN, RENSSELAER, IND.

A DAY WITE THE PILOT

FIFTEEN or twenty minutes prior to the sailiiig hour of a huge transatlantic liner an unassuming man carrying a traveling bag joins the stream of passengers going up the gangplank. There is nothing to distinguish him from the hundreds of other male travelers, and you suspect he is-an American business man going abroad for recreation. And yet for the space of two hours (sometimes 20) this individual guides the destiny of the ship and its human cargo through the tortuous waters of the bay until it reaches the open sea. He is a pilot for the port of New York and there are 119 of him in active service at the present time, writes Thornton Fisher In the New York Tribune.

I was privileged recently to spend a work day with the pilots. It began at pier 62, North rivet, where the steamship New York was waiting for the signal that sends her on the voyage across the sea. The final blare of the bugle warning visitors ashore was sounded promptly at the hour of 10 and gangplanks were released and, with an almost Imperceptible movement, accompanied by a prolonged blast of the siren, the big liner left the dock and pointed her prow to the eastward. All Very Simple. On the bridge before the wheelhouse stoop Captain Roberts, a navigator, and Pilot Sayles, who had apparently been one of the throng of passengers a few brief moments before. One of the deluslons of humankind is the mental association of authority at sea with gllttdringly uniformed men who with ceaseless vigil pace the ship’s deck. However, this keen-eyed, ruddycomplexioned man standing at the captain’s side, attired in civilian apparel, does not bear a visible mark Indicative of his calling, unless It be the alert manner with which he scans the water or searches Intently for landmarks on the shore. Out past Governor’s island, the statue of Liberty, slowly by Staten Island and you are In the open. Qn one side of the Jersey Highlands lofty shores rise, only to recede and disappear from view. In the distance Long Island is lost where the ocean meets the sky. The ship plows cautiously through the waters, obeying the slightest command of the pilot on the bridge, since it would be a comparatively easy matter to run her nose Into the mud. The navigator, however, knows his course as an officer knows his beat. It may be explained that the pilot does not operate the steering apparatus of the vessel under his charge. He communicates by a word or gesture of the hand to the man at the helm all directions for the course, which are repeated by the helmsman In 'acknowledgment of the order. “Steady! Steady!” says the pilot. "Steady, sir," responds the man at the wheel. "Port,” directs the pilot, and again comes the echo, “Port” In the meantime, while the navigator is engaged on the bridge, the passengers are busy writing farewell letters or telegrams to be dispatched with the pilot Sandy Hook has now been left behind and the open sea is ahead. The pilot’s work Is finished, at least temporarily, and the captain grips him by the hand, wishes him good luck and orders the speed of the ship reduced as the navigator prepares to depart x A yawl manned by two sturdy lads draws alongside the huge vessel. “Can you swim?” inquires the kindly pilot Being assured by me tn the affirmative, he swings over the side and descends “Jacob’s lad' , ~,” as the rope ladder has come to be known among the seamen. Fact and Imagination. The uninitiated instinctively • shudder as they gaze down the perpendicular depth at the tiny yawl bobbing up and down with every wave that strikes the ship. From the lower deck to the waterline Is perhaps twenty-five feet, varying with the proportions of the vessel, but I venture the assertion from personal experience that the distance negotiated between the deck and the yawl was no less than twentyfive hundred feet. The crew, having lowered the pilot's traveling bag and mail pack, gently

urge me to follow down the ladder. I cautiously lift myself over the side and, gripping the ladder until the nails, meeting the palm, dig into the flesh, attempt to place my foot on the first rope rung. Slowly, calculating each step and tenaciously clinging to thq ladder, which sway%wlth each motion of my body, I gradually reach the bottom rung. A false movement might precipitated the novice into the water below. Timing myself, I drop into the yawl as it rises on a wave, and in a twinkling the boys are pulling with long sweep oars for the pilot boat, two hundred yards away. There is a peculiar sense of relief in feeling a solid deck beneath one’s feet again. The yawl Is hoisted to the boat’s deck, ready to put a pilot aboard an incoming ship or receive one from an outging craft. The pilot fleet has four of these boats patroling the entrance to the port of New York and one held in reserve. They are the Ambrose Snow No. 2, the Trenton No. 4 and the Washington No. 5, sailing vessels, and the steamers New York and New Jersey. This fleet is on, duty 24 hours a day for 365 days a year. A total complement of 15 pilots is maintained on each of the steamers ready /or instant duty at any hour. Through the long days and nights these men sweep the horizon for ships requiring their services. ‘ Twenty years ago there were two companies of pilots, the Sandy Hook Pilots ahd the New Jersey Pilots’ association, each operating independently. In those days only sailing vessels were used and competition was keen between the two companies. Each was eager to put its pilot aboard an incoming craft and receive the pilotage fee. Frequently these pilot ships cruised 500 miles to sea to beat their rlvals.lt is not to be wondered that the men have developed vigilance, overlooking nothing within range of vision.

RABID SPORTSMAN A BORE

Not Even the Most Ardent Woman Golfer Can Be Compared to ' Him. A writer declares that since woman has taken up sport seriously she has become more of a nuisance, more tyrannical, even more dangerous, than In the old "I’m only a. woman, so give me a start,” days. Certainly the woman who is badly bitten by the golf mania, say, is rather a trial to non-golfers, but the sportswoman, at her worst, is not so great a bore as the rabid sportsman. A woman seldom or never lets her golf handicap swamp all other interests—the feminine mind is not made that way; but preserve one from the man to whom sport in one form or another is the pivot of his existence. Your male golf maniac at times needs not only a gag to stop his description of the game, but a straitwaistcoat to prevent him from demonstrating with his walking stick to the peril of the bystanders. As for the football maniac—and especially the maniac who never played In his life, but can tell you the name of every player in the leagues, no fate could be too bad for him. It Is a matter for gratitude that, though women may sometimes take themselves too seriously over the golf course,. they have not yet developed any great Interest In football When they do. it will b$ time to call for the revival of old maid, archery, spillikins, and the other ladylike games of our grandmothers.—Exchange.

Lifeboat With Human Motor.

k lifeboat driven by a propeller which is worked by the crew, the invention of Mr. Winter, was tried lately in England. Four handles ate provided, connected together in such a way that a crew of eight people can work the propeller, and crews of men and women were tried with good results. The lifeboat was loaded up to its full capacity—39 people, or the equivalent weight—and a speed of between two and three miles an hour was reached. The boat also has a reverse motion. In bad 'weather it is claimed that the boat would be much more manageable than If propelled by oars. • •» • A . . L. w

RAILWAY EXPENSES UP

ENGINES, CARS, MATERIALS AND COST MORE. Prices of Ties and Other Items Have Nearly Doubled in Ten Years—Repairs and Renewals Are Expensive. The high cost of living has hit the railroads, and has hit them hard, according to some figures issued by the Lehigh Valley railroad. Taking a period of 15 years, from 1898 to 1913, the Lehigh Valley shows with figures from its own books that all items of expense have increased astonishingly. In some cases expense has doubled. Take the important question of the track. The maintenance of way expense per mile of track was 1725.66 in 1898. Last year it was $1,524.13, more than twice as much. This is principally due to more expensive and heavier rails, ties that have almost doubled in price, heavier ballasting and the increased cost of labor. The necessity for a heavier track to carry heavier equipment has, of course, had something to do with it, and, then, again, creosoting ties has also doubled their cost, making the cost of ties today four times what it was 15 years ago. Per mile of road the same proportion holds, the expense having jumped in 15 years from $1,417.47 a year to $3,924,56. A wooden passenger coach used to cost SB,OOO. The new steel coaches, which the Lehigh Valley is using, cost $12,000. Meanwhile, however, there is the undoubted assurance, that they arejsafer. ' freight locomotive costs $25,000, where it cost only $15,000 in 1898. Repairs have jumped in proportion per locomotive Jrom $1,508.05 a year to $2,692.38. This is largely offset, however, by the increased tractive power of the standard locomotive. _

Where the high cost of railroading is most apparent, though, is in general repairs and renewals. Here the Increased cost of both material and labor shows convincingly. On a passenger car this item has increased from $510.27 to $824.15. On a freight is now |70.06, .where it was $31.69 15 years ago. For locomotives there is the difference in the cost of upkeep between 10 cents and 4 cents a mile. < .. In these items labor, of course, is counted on. This has figured for all railroads as a 10 per cent increase. In the operating of trains it is much more than 10 per cent, however, as the'' engineers, conductors and trainmen have had the biggest increases in pay, and the full train-crew bills in passenger runs increased the pay. roll by 40.2 per cent The interesting part of these extra expenses have been largely met by efficiency and better methods of railroading. It has been Impossible to meet them entirely, and that/is why the have been asking for a 5 per cent increase in freight rates, but it Is remarkable how much the railroads have done in the face of the big expenses. As fast as they can they are replacing wooden cars with steel cars, costing half as much again; their roadbeds are far ahead of what they were 15 years ago, and any one who ships freight knows that the freight service of today is so far ahead In promptness and certainty that there is no comparing it with 15 years ago.

American Engines for Australia.

A striking and reassuring example of the present confidence abroad in American railroad equipment is being furnished by Australia in connection with the construction of its first great transcontinental line, Lewis B. Freeman writes in the World’s Work. No country or colony in the world is so zealous In forwarding home industries as Australia is. But in building this line an additional locomotive is required for every 50 miles of trade; arid track is being laid at the rate of a mile or two a day. This extraordinary demand is much beyond the power of the home manufacturers to supply. Bids from abroad showed that the Baldwin Locomotive company of America was the only concern that womd guarantee to make the deliveries at the Intervals specified, and as a result this company has supplied, and will doubtless continue to supply, all the locomotives for the great transcontinental line that cannot be built In that country. How much Australia’s commercial patriotism in buying home built locomotives at all is costing that country was shown in a recent debate in the commonwealth parliament, when it came out that the American engines were being purchased, delivered, at Port Augusta, for approximately $23,000, whereas Australian engines were costing more than $30,000 apiece.

Uganda Railway's Success.

The Uganda railway sanctioned by Lord Salisbury, as a move tn the game of high politics and for years considered a magnificent folly, has proved its usefulness in British East Africa, for the road has wakened the heart of a big continent to life. Land in thousands of square miles then deemed useless has since revealed' itself as rolling downs, green as Devonshire, and as rich as Canada! There is no comparison between the present and the country of but a few years ago. Everywhere farms are being laid out, towns being erected and as a result the people are becoming, or wfl! become, prosperous and Kkppy.

NEW, HILLSIDE CABLE ROAD

It Has Counterweight Car, and Complete Control Is In Hands of ’ ‘ the Motorman. in Marin county, California, which presents features in construction differing from usual methods. A counterweight car, attached to the cables hauling the passenger car, passes beneath the latter as they meet on the hill. Complete control of all operating apparatus is in the hands of the motorman on the passenger car, who is the only employe required to operate the system, and safety devices for stopping the car, if for any reason an accident should occur either to the cable, to the car or to the electric power plant, are provided. The control mechanism is actuated by trolleys, four of

Operated by One Man. which, on the car, engage four wires supported by the railway trestle, terminating in the operating magnets on the control switchboard. The power house at the top of the hill contains an electric elevator engine of the traction type driven by a 30-horsepower alternating current motor, controlled from the motorman’s operating handle in the ear. The car and counterweight are carried by two %-inch plow-steel cables, each having six strands of 19 steel wires over a core of hemp and showing a tensile strength of 36.000 pounds. As the loaded car weighs but 6,000 pounds, the margin of safety is high. The railway is 1,350 feet long with a rise of 500 feet. —Popular Mechanics.

Railroad Epotter Not Popular.

The “spotter” is a great grievance to railroad men. In theory, at least, be Is an anonymous individual. He “sleuths around” disguised as an ordinary traveler, or a "hobo” stealing a ride, or a village loafer idling through the saloons at the “division point,” to “spot” the employes who slip in for a drink. Railroad men never, by any chance, talk of anything else but railroading, and, sooner or later, the constant discussion of the "spotter,” his appearance and style and so forth, makes him sufficiently familiar to the employes so that his usefulness is considerably lessened. The men learn to identify'him and to conduct teemselves discreetly when he is around. When this stage Is reached the road transfers him to some other division where he is not so well known. The "spotter" strikes his man tn the dark. He mails in to the division superintendent the statement teat Conductor go-and-So neglected to collect his fare between such and such points, or that the conductor charged him an excess cash fare, and, presumably, pocketed the difference, or that a ceriain freight crew collected all the loose change possessed by a gang of "boes” found stealing a ride, and, having collected and pocketed the loose change, let the tramps' ride on in peace. When the division superintendent gets this report he proceeds to raise his own variety of trouble for the offending employes. Thus is discipline maintained.

New Type of Lantern Lena.

A new type of lens designed to be used with railway switch and signal lights, tail lights and engine classification lights has been introduced, and apparently eliminates a serious defect heretofore connected with equipment of this kind. The ordinary lens throws a beam of light havlng a spread, usually, of not more than 18 degrees. This made it necessary to adjust signal lights with a great deal of care so that they could be seen by approaching trains, particularly where the track was curved, and often made it difficult! for the engineer on one train to ao« the tail lights of a train ahead. The now lens is so shaped that it throws a beam having a spread of 90 degrees, making the light plainly visible under, any conditions that are likely to cot cur, and without the necessity tor special adjustments.—Popular Mechanics. , * '4. •

New Canadian Railway Line.

A new line 182.6 miles long is the main feature ot an improvement just completed which, in conjunction with » double-tracking done during the last, five years, has given the Canadian Parifle railway two tracks all the way from Montreal to Toronto, The new line, built under the corporate name of the Campbellford, Lake Ontario A Western railway, has ruling giadk ants of 0.4 per cent each way.