Evening Republican, Volume 18, Number 183, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 5 August 1914 — Page 3

WILL ORGANIZE INTO ONE LARGE RAILROAD UNION

First Move to Amalgamate All Employes Made. MELLENTOR THE PRESIDENCY Head of New Haven Lines May Be Head of Council to Include All Branches of Roads In New England States. Boston. —The first move in a campaign for a Federated Council of Brotherhoods, which shall include first the hundreds of thousands of railway men of New England, then the millions of operatives of the United States and Canada, and ultimately perhaps the workers of Great Britain also, occurred at the Quincy house here.' These railroad workers are split up into more than , one hundred organizations, None of them will be asked to abandon its present brotherhood. All of them are to be urged to join in the federation that shall give unity of interest and a power of numbers that by themselves they do not posess. The United States federation of separate •tates and the federation of the German states into a powerful empire are the models upon which the railway campaign is planned. The leaders of the movement are confident that when it shall be shown to be a united enterprise with the backing of the great majority of the railroad men of New England the former president of the New Haven railroad, Charles S. Mellen, will accept the presidency of the federated counciL The men who Are planning the campaign are enthusiastic in their praise of Mr. Mellen for his cordial and fair dealings with the employes of the railway systems he has managed. They have written him about their plan, and In long replies, all in his own handwriting, he has referred to the way their proposal warms his blood and —pulls upon his heartstrings. The originator of the plan is Earl H. Morton of Greenwood, grand president of the Order jof Railroad Station Agents. One of its prime promoters is F. H. Sidney of the Brotherhood of Railroad Signalmen, and the field officer, once the movement is actually under way, will be Harry Phillips, for-

Charles S. Mellen.

xnerly deputy mayor of West Ham — the East end of London —where In a population of 1,000,000 he had wide experience with the laboring class. The ■committee on organisation and federation is made up of W. R. Pratt of Walpole, L. B. Twltchell of Bast Braintree, Dana B. Cutter of Lynn, M. B. B. Barrett of Brookline and William F. Fern&ld of Swampscott, all of whpm are ■connected with the Order of Railroad ■Station Agents. Among those who attended the meeting at the Quincy house were Lieutenant Governor Barry, who was at a meeting In February last and declared lor federation, and ex-President Bliot, who is declared to have been "cordially Invited because he Is opposed to labor organisations and with a purpose ■of showing him that he Is wrong.” It Is a big program that has been •outlined by the leaders of the federation movement thus: Not sectional nor merely national, hut international in scope. Not to supersede a single present organisation nor to dispossess a single present officer of a railway labor iigWi Not to Indorse any of the revolutionary doctrines, nor to stand for sny of the methods of the I- W. W. and like bodies. * But to avoid petty sectional strikes To Insure some security of tenure. To secure f<& the operatives places at the tables of the boards of directors who represent now the financing of the properties. To demonstrate the partnership between capital and labor _

To secure the power that must come to a labor federation with millions of members and to use that power when necessary. * More in detail, Mr. Sidney indicates the split-up condition of the railway men today by reciting a long list of brotherhoods of which many are large, others not so large, and others,-still, small, and all failing of the effectiveness which bigness of numbers and unity of action might have. Among these bodies are:

The Brotherhood of Railroad Signal Men, the Brotherhood of American Signal Men, the Brotherhod of Station Employes (baggage handlers and the like), the Brotherhood of Railway Clerks, the Clerks’ Assembly., of the K. of I* —in all there are said to be a dozen organizations of clerks in the United States—three divisions of the Order of Railroad Station Agents, the New England Association of Roundhouse Foremen, the New England Association for Maintenance of Way, made up of civil engineers, surveyors and the like; five bodies of trackmen, the Drawbridge Tenders’ association, the International Association of Car Workers, the roundhouse helpers, the federated trades, which in some cases

Charles W. Ellot

have men in more than fifty occupations, and organizations of holler makers, machinists, blacksmiths, electrical workers, freight house foremen, freight handlers —of whom there are two organizations, the one linked with the K. of L. and the other with the A. F. of L. —and the Switchmen’s Union of North America. —■ Nor is this a complete list. But the list Is long enohgh to show the text upon which the whole appeal and argument are based.

Each body was represented in thp council by four delegates. Mr. Mellen, in his letters to Mr. Sidney, said: “It is a great scheme. I fear you are too enthusiastic about myself in connection with It. I am glad the men think me loyal and steadfast enough to lead them. I like to be well thought of by my old associates." And he went on to Intimate that possibly his association for 20 years with the capitalistic side of the railway enterprise might prejudice some against him.

Both Mr. Phillips and Mr. Sidney talk enthusiastically of what Mr. Mellen did when in the New Haven' management, a thing, said the English organizer, that he had never heard of before% *‘He used to meet his employes in conference at a morning hour and his board of directors at an afternoon hour, and discuss the same problems with both bodies.” Just there comes in the suggestion for the employes to have a representative upon the board of directors. “Why not have them meet at one and the same time, either morning or afternoon, and talk over the matters face to face?” asks Mr. Phillips.

'ln explaining how he comes to be identified with this movement and his conception of ithe ends in view, he said: “In England we bave an amalgamation into one great railroad union of more than nine-tenths of the railway employes of the country. When the men caught on to the idea they flocked <to join it at the rate of 3,000 a week. It is not an amalgamation for strike purposes. It’s like a nation which wants peace. V s , “In this country, where there are said to be nearly fifty thousand rail-

PASSENGER LINER THROUGH GATUN LOCKS

Tbe Panama liner Ancon, carrying 700 passengers, was the first passeiv ger steamship to be put through the Gatun locks of the Panama canal. She Is seen here in the middle chamber in tow of two electric looantottVOA The passage through the locks took one hour and forty minutes. 1

THE EVENING REPUBLICAN, RENSSELAER, IXD.

road men out of work, we advise not amalgamation, but federation. Get a great federation and it will command respect and influence now frittered away. In England, when we got the big amalgamation, even the king took notice, and the appointment of thf royal (commission to confer with ut and asbertaln our-needs and views. U well remembered. “Through the co-operation of all par* ties in England we were able to put funds into the enterprise which made a great amount available for emergency purposes. For example, we were able to support a commissariat, and at one clip we sent three shiploads of food to some strikers. Such things may not come here for a long time, if at all, because your men have not really suffered, as yet. But the trade unionsover there withdrew their moneys from the sinking funds and put them into this co-operative movement. “There are plenty of level-headed and able men in the workers’ ranks and it’s good business to get them represented, not by men of another class with education and influence and out of philanthropic interest, but by members of their own number, on the boards of railway directors. I would have such a representative on the New Haven directorate, the Boston & Maine directorate, the New York Central directorate, the Pennsylvania, and soon.”

CANINE HAS $200 FUNERAL

Blxtoen-Year-Old Bull Terrier Burled In Cypress Hills Cemetery In New York. New York.—Wreaths of flowers covered a handsome oak coffin in which “Tuck Lentz Crawford,” a sixteen-year-old bull terrier, was buried in Cypress Hills cemetery. Nearly two hundred dollars set aside ten years ago by the wilkof Harry Lentz, at one time a New York sporting man, was used in defraying the cost of the funeral. The dog had been Mr. Lentz’ P«t / The burial was supervised by Mr. Lents’ sister, Mrs. Carolina' Crawford, owner of Crawford inn, Paterson. She tried to have the animal interred on her property, but the Paterson health authorities objected. She then pur* chased a grave in Cypress Hills and look the coffin 'there In an automobile.

SURGEON’S KNIVES SCARE BOY

Youthful Culprit Prefers Prison to Bo* ing Operated Upon By Physician. Norristown, Pa. —When John Moskovitz, a Pottstown boy, was arraigned before Judge William F. Solly for larceny physicians impressed upon the jurist the Idea that the boy was not responsible for his criminal tendency, but that It was due to a pressure on the brain caused by a blow from a club h'is father had thrown Into a chestnut tree. The court agreed to suspend sentence and try the experiment of an operation. So the boy was sent to the State Institution for Feeble-Minded Children at Spring City, with the Ides of having an operation performed. But the lad had no sooner been safe* ly stowed in the asylum than he took leave. He was captured in Chester county and was brought to the jail here and locked up. It is understood that Judge Solly will now sentence him to imprisonment Instead of the scalpel.

German “Cops” to Unionize.

Berlin. —For some time Berlin policemen have been endeavoring to obtain permission to form a union. When some of them began to make arrangements to follow the example of the firemen (who have a union), Herr von Jagow, the police president of Berlini issued a prohibition, and as a “disci* plinary measure” had the moving spirits transferred to positions away from Berlin. The representatives of the policemen, with their legal advisers, will take the necessary steps to establish a union, despite the latest threats of instant dismissal.

Gets Degree After Many Years.

Champaign, 11l. —Twenty-nine years after he had been suspended by the faculty of Illinois university for “quit' ting chapel," Wester North, nosl stoop-shouldered and wrinkled, was given the degree of bachelor of science at the commencement exercises.

TO SELECT AND COOK FISH

Precaution in Buying Always Necessary—Style of Preparation May • Be Varied. In buying fish get the kinds in season, as this lessens the chance of being served with cold-storage products. Cold-storage fish may be known by the lack of brightness in the eyes. Fresh fish have clear eyes, red gills, the fins stiff, and the scales shining. The flesh should be so firm that when pressed by the fingers it should spring back. Fish showing signs of opposite conditions, such as dull eyes, liver-colored gills, etc., should be refused. Fresh halibut Is known by ita pearl white or shining gray skin, firm flesh and pleasant odor/ Some fish are at their beat cooked in one way only, others may be served in a variety of ways. For instance, halibut may be baked, broiled, boiled or fried. This rule is also true of other white fleßhed fish, as cod and haddock. Those fish known as bily are best suited to baking oj planking, though broiling is not to be despised. Under this head will come bluefish, mackerel, salmon and shad. I think boiling is the best way to cook salmon. Small fish should be fried in deep, very hot fat. This will include smelts, brook trout, perch, whiteflsh, etc. Frying oil is best for the purpose, or one can use suet tyid lard, half and half. — Pittsburgh Dispatch.

Sour Cream Pie.

One cupful Bour cream, four eggs, one cupful sugar, one cupful raisins, one-half teaspoonful of cloves. Separate the yolks from the whites of the eggs and beat the yolks until ereamy; add the sugar, raisins chopped fine, the sour cream and the cloves. Place in a double boiler and cqok untll thick and creamy. Line a pie tin with piecrust and bake in' the oven as for lemon pie. Fill this baked crust with the cream mixture and place In the oven until well set. Beat the whites of the eggs with four tablespoonfuls of powdered sugar, cover the top of the pie with this meringue and place in the oven to brown slightly. Servf cold. Eaten with a piece of sharp cheese, this is a delicious summer dessert.

Baked in a Box.

If you would like your picnic cake to arrive unbroken, try baking it in one of the five and one-eighth inch by eight and one-half inch tin wafer boxes. If the box is filled half full of cake dough It will rise nearly even with the top, leaving just enough room for icing. The cover can then be put on and the cake will arrive in perfect condition. A good recipe for the above sized box is the following: One cupful of sour cream, one cupful of sugar, one-balf cupful of crushed walnut meats, a level teaspoonful each of soda, baking powder and salt, one well beaten egg and enough flour for a stiff batter. Spice to taste. The cake should be baked in a slow oven until it doubles In size, then the heat should be turned on to finish.

Fruit Sherbets.

Red Raspberry Sherbet —One boxful of red raspberries crushed and heated with a little water and the seeds strained out, one pint of water, one cupful of sugar blended together and the juice of one-half lemon. Freeze. Pineapple Sherbet —Three eupfnls granulated sugar, three cupfuls sweet milk, three cupfuls cold water, one cem of pineapple or one pineapple picked to shreds with a fork. Mix al! together and freeze the same as ice cream. Grape Sherbet —One quart of milk, one pound of sugar, one cupful of grape juice, the juice of one lemon. Mix and freeze. Delicious.

Cheese Souffle.

Cook together in a saucepan two tablespoonfuTs each of butter and floiir; and when they are- blended pour upon them a half pint of milk. Stir to a smooth white sauce and stir into this eight tablespoonfuls of grated cheese, a saltspoonful of salt, a pinch of baking soda and a dash of paprika, Have ready four eggs, whites and yolks beaten separately. Remove the cheese mixture from the fire and gradually beat Into It the yolks of the eggs; last of all fold in lightly the stiffened whites. Turn the mixture into a greased, pudding dish and bake In a steady, oven to a golden brown. Serve immediately.

Roast Pork Salad.

Take bits of cold roast pork, chopped very fine, with a large quantity of celery and the whites of two hard-boiled eggs. Take the yolks while warm, mash to a smooth paste and mix well With one (teaspoonful of mustard, adding salt and pepper to taste. Into this stir one teaspoonful vinegar, three large Spoonfuls of melted butter, and mix ail thoroughly into the meat. Edge platter with tips of celery or lettuce. Place salad in the center. Keep, cool until sent to the table.

Hungarian Ware.

The new Hungarian ware with its vivid colors is effective with willow furniture. This ware is made by-the peasants. It Is of nondescript color, not white, nor yellow. The garish decorations are of flowers and garlands In pink and greens.

Basket Salad.

Remove seeds and membranes from green peppers, cut in form of baskets. Fill with chopped wax beans, cubes of red beets and stuffed olives. Use your favorite salad dressing.

SIGHTS IN OLD SALEM

ALTHOUGH the recent terribly destructive conflagration destroyed the whole of the manufacturing section of Salem, Mass., there still sits the ancient city dreaming long dreams of a historic past

- More and more, as the years slip by, Hawthorne comes to be the presiding genius of Salem, and reverend pilgrims in increasing nufnbers come back to seek the few abiding traces of his life there; and though they go to Oallowß hill and also view the relics of the old merchants and their portraits and the pictures of their ships they go first to the house whore Hawthorne was born, to the other where he lived and worked, and to the sleepy, dignified old custom house from whose drab duties grew the strange flower of weird romance. It may be that out of the Ohettos and Warsaw a which now surround the old custom house will come again as great merchants as once dwelt there, or as great a writer of romance as he who worked on its scarred old wooden desk, now preserved with such care in the Essex institute, but one may be pardoned for having his doubts.

Madness es Witchcraft

Never again, the world surely hopes, can come upon a pioneer people so mysterious a madness as the Salem witchcraft delusion, yet in it were set the roots of temperament which made Hawthorne what he was. Its gruesome mystery seems to brood in all he wrote and one cannot visit the haunts and the scenes of its terror today without feeling some atmosphere of it still hovering the place. Hawthorne’B ancestor sat in judgment over the witches, and Judge Hawthorne, invisible indeed but grimly onlooking, seems to me to preside over many a tale which he wrote. As relentless fate, mocked the witches while it gripped them and killed them with trivialities, so it does the char* acters in Hawthorne’s stories, nor in the progress of events is there room in the tale, in the one case or the other, for the saving grace of humor. From Hawthorne to Hawthorne came the somber impress of the days of witch finding. The spring sun and the spring rain fell alike gently on Gallows hill, yet it stands bare and wind-swept today as it did when the witches met their fate there, as it stood since the glaciers ground over it, no one knows how many thousand years ago. The tough rock of which it was built shows everywhere the traces of the fires which melted and reset It in Its present form. Its twist and coloration burnt into it as the story of the deeds wrought on its summit Is seared into the annals of old Salem town. Here and there on its fantastic ledges one sees zigzag marks struck pale as If lightning had welted the tormented stone and left the Impress of Its sudden anger there. The softening years can do little with this rock. A curse far older than that of the witch finding has set its seal upon the height, and though the gentle things of earth strive patiently to ameliorate the evidence, they do little to wipe out the bleakness of the place. The green of spring grasses climbs patiently toward the topmost ledges, Indeed, and draws with It the gold of po ten tills and the white of wild strawberry bloooms. Dandelions set the round Image of the sun In sheltered places, and little lilac constellations of bluets star the moist er spots down the slope, but the barren soil is too shallow and the summer turns all these to a brown garment of sorrowful sackcloth and sprinkles ft with the gray a&hes of drought. Salem’s golden days began a century or more after the witchcraft delusion had burnt to ashes in the fury of its own fire. Certainly the descendants of the men who feared the devil and his emissaries feared little else. He might be formidable dancing at night with withered crones on the weird hills of Salem pastures, but they laughed in his face when he came on the high seas with shotted guns and foreign sailors outnumbering their own guns and crews two to one. They beat the devil and they outgeneraled him. those Salem sailers of the seventeen hundreds, whether he came In English privateer or French man-o'-war or a score of feluccas or piratical junks, and they brought great treasures home to Salem town. They explored uncharted seas, visited ports

unheard aof before and carried the name and fame of their home town the world over. The world has made a great hero of Paul Jones, but there were half a dozen young sea captains out of Salem in revolutionary times who did all that he did and more, yet did it so unostentatiously and so much as a part of the day’s work that the records of it are hard to trace and for the most part have been lost Daring the revolutipn Salem sent oat 158 armed, vessels carrying more than 2,000 guns. They took 445 prizes, losing In return 61 of their own fleet. Jonathan H&rraden, for Instance, sailed from Salem In the privateer General Pickering, 18 tons, carrying 14 six-pounders and a crew' of less than 50 men. Thus manned and equipped they captured a British privateer of 22 guns. Harraden put a part of his crew on the captured vessel and the two sailed on. Off the coast of Spain they sighted a vessel bearing down upon them and the captive British captain laughed as he told Harraden that this was the British frigate Achilles of 42 guns. “Well, I shall not run from her," said Harraden, stoutly; and he did not. The big frigate soon recaptured the prize with Its short crew, but the little Pickering laid up alongside of her at nightfall, when the battle ceased for want of light Harraden went to bed and got a good night’e sleep. In the morning the. battle began again io near the coast that 100,000 Spaniards made the hills black with spectators. The disparity in size of the two vessels was such that an eye witness said it was like a ship’s long boat attacking a man-o’-war. Bat the little boat won the battle, and not only the big frigate but the recaptured prize struck to the indomitable Salem captain and his fearless Salem crew. The battle was no sooner over than the sea was black with the boats of admiring Spaniards, who came out in great numbers, and later took Captain Harraden ashore and carried him about the city on their shoulders. Balem’s Important Foreign Trade. It was in November, 1875, that the Grand Turk, belonging to Elias Derby and commanded by Ebenezer West, cleared for Canton, China, the first American ship to seek this round-the-world port. Seventeen months after she returned, the result of her voyage, for one thing, being a cargo that brought her owners twice more capital than she had carried out The Salem merchants often sold not only the cargo but the ship itself In these far-dis-tant ports, and later the Grand Turk was thus disposed of iff India, Derby building another and a burger vessel of the same name. In 1794 Salem owned 160 vessels of a tonnage totaling 16,788 tons. In 1805 this number bad Increased to 54 ships, 18 barks, 72 brigs and 86 schooners, of which 48 were employed in trade around the Cape of Good Hope. In 1806 there were 73 ships, 11 hoiks and 48 brigs, all engaged in foreign trade, which gave such splendid opportunity for adventure and such princely returns. Car-’ goes have been brought into Balem port that realised 800 per cent on the capital Invested, and from 1800 to 1807, inclusive, 1,542 vessels in foreign trade arrived, paying an annual average duty of 8766,157.90, and this at the reasonable rate of those days.

In the story of this Shdem shipping from 1775 to 1875, is an odyssey that some latterday Homer may yet ring down the future ages. The captains and crews of these ships needed all the courage and wisdom of Ulysses, nor had sea-worn Odysseus so wide wanderings or so strange adventures as they.

On Record.

"What are your views with reference* s to the Panama canal?” "Well” replied Colonel Koshus, "after thinking the whole matter over carefully and conscientiously, I ana prepared to state unequivocally that 1. consider it a mighty good thing.”

The Pursuit of Happiness.

“Every man has the right to .pm happy,” said the readymade pbs||p* pher. "I don’t know about that,” replied' Miss Cayenne. "Some men cant bet happy unless they are making other} people miserable."