Evening Republican, Volume 18, Number 171, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 22 July 1914 — Page 2

the ENCHANTED MESA

*Wp T w iih 111 the sixteenth cen- ■ tury that the Spaniards first W&ijjßp'* states of Arizona and New : %!TOr Mexico. Fabulous tales of the wealth and treasure of {WJOSP great cities in the unknown VJ' North found eager listeners among the adventurous Spaniards in the central valley of Mexico. Report followed report; each more lurid than the last, until the viceroy of New Spain, Inflamed by the tales of Pizarro's brilliant conquest of Peru, organized a jpeat. expedition and sent It out to discover and conquer the faraway Eldorado and bring back the treasure they so fondly hoped to find there. The great Coronado was chosen commander-in-chief, and on Easter morning of the year 1540 began the most remarkable journey of discovery in America. For months they traveled over the deserts, mountains, and plains, meeting with all the vicissitudes and dangers of an unknown country, until at last they reached the “land of standing rocks, ’’ the home of the cliff-dwelling Indians In the present states of Arizona and New Mexico. Here they found not only wild and warlike Indians but a gentler race of aborigines much further advanced In culture than any other Indians they had met since leaving central Mexico. They were an agrluhllural people, dwelling In many-storied stone or mud houses, and their descendants to this day live, In many Instances, on the same sites and In a few cases In the Identical buildings that their ancestors occupied when the Spaniards first saw them over three and a half centuries ago. ' N The old buildings, called pueblos by the Spaniards, are the oldest continu-ously-inhabited structures on the American continent, and their Inhabitants are more nearly in their original condition than any other .American Indians today. As an example of the canyonß one may be mentioned, known to the Alans as Iseye, the walls of which rise sheer from the sands of Its river-bed over 1,000 feet, and where erosion has sculptured the most stupendous natural monuments In stratified sandstone In the world. Alternating with the canyons are mesas, flat-topped mountains, many of which are crowned with living Indian towns, such as the pueblos of the Hopi Indians In Arizona and the superbly situated Acoma in New Mexico, while others reveal the broken-down walls of ancient cities of the Stone Age people. Among the living Indian tribes that call this wondrous land home are the Hopi and Navajo, the most interesting of all the remaining Indian tribes In the United States. The Hopi people are town-builders and live on the top of the cliffs In the midst of a great desert, sustaining themselves by agriculture and small bands of sheep. Eight little rock-built villages are the homes of this tribe; they number 2,000 souls, and they have probably lived in their fortress-like cities for 1,000 years. They have no chiefs In the strict sense of the word but are governed by men who have shown by their lives and characters that they are good leaders. They are a splendid and fearless people who represent today but a remnant of the once-power-fnl Indian nation, a phase of humanity rapidly passing away before the aggressive march of Western civilization. The Hopi Indians are experts in the art of basketry and pottery, as well as in the weaving of cotton. Their religious life Is marked by elaborate ceremonials, of which the best known is the snake dance. They look upon rattlesnakes as messengers to the gods, and In the snake dance formally charge them with requests and prayers. The ceremony begins In an underground chamber, known as an estufa, and ends when the dancers

FLIES DECLARED A NUISANCE

English Judge, Ruling Officially, Ordered the Cleaning Up of a Breeding Place. Qaeth aeutenew wee pamiAd on the fly by an English judge in a recent eaee at Upper Hal Ilford, Bun bury. Tbe sentence came In the form of an tejanetten against the keeping of a •lack of manure, which was a breeding place for the peet, and assessing [the coat against the defendant A

emerge carrying the serpents in their mouths. The Navajos are a progressive tribe of Indians of Athapascan linguistic stock. The name of Spanish derivation, Is said to signify "the people with large fields.’’ In features the Navajos resemble the Pueblos rather than the Northern tribes with which they are affiliated in language. They are hardy, proud and independent, but shun no form of industry which offers remuneration, and show much agricultural skill. They thrive without snbßldy from the government, which provides them school houses. The general culture of the Navajos Is similar to that of the Pueblos, but there are some striking differences, particularly as to dwellings. Instead of the peculiar storied structure of the Pueblo, the Navajo house, or “hogan,” Is a conical construction of poles stood on end and covered with earth, with a low, projecting entrance porch at one side and a smoke hole at the apex. The Navajos are highly religious, with many divinities, and a vast lore of myths, legends, songs and prayers. They have, also hundreds of musical compositions and a series of complex ceremonial dances known only to the medicine men. Socially the Navajos are characterized by a well-developed clan system, with descent In the female line. Many of their women are possessors in their own right of large agricultural and personal wealth. In government they are controlled by the older influential men who meet in Informal council for the transaction of tribal-business. The tribe Is best known for its blankets, ponchos, rugs, belts, garters and saddle girths, which are woven by hand from the wool of their flocks, and which no power loom has been able to imitate. They have also acquired from the Spaniards the art of working silver and turn out many creditable ornaments. The Navajos first appear In history under the present name in 1629, and Christian missionaries worked among them In the middle of the eighteenth century. They were decidedly warlike at the time, fighting constantly with the Pueblos on the one hand and with the white settlers of New Mexico on the other.. In 1849 a United States expedition entered their county and forced a treaty of peace. This treaty having been frequently broken. Col. Kit Carson was sent against them In 1863 and took the greater part of

story in the Star the other day told of the trial. In which the plaintiff protested against his neighbor’s maintaining an alleged nuisance dear the former's home. Expert testimony was called In the case to prore that the fly is a menace to health aa well aa a destroyer of comfort. Several specialists said that flies breed readily in piled up manure and generally remain within a fear yards of their breeding place. How flies are an especial menace to small children in summer by carrying the

THE EVENING REPUBLICAN, RENSSELAER, IND.

the tribe captive to Fort Sumner, where they were kept until 1867 when they were allowed to return to their original country. In 1868 a treaty was made with them whereby, in return for the cession of their land to the government, they were established on their present reservation. The Navajos are remarkable in being the only Indian tribe which has increased In numbers. In 1869 there were less than 9,000. According to the United States census for 1910 there were 22,455 members comprised in nearly fifty clans.

WAY GROSS THE ATLANTIC

Dutch Aviator Beem« to Hava the Right Idea In Project Ha Has in Mind. Between Brazil and Guinea the Atlantic ocean is only about 1,800 miles wide. From Newfoundland to Ireland, the narrowest breadth north of the equator, is nearly twice as far. From New York to the nearest point of France is nearly three times as far. Hitherto most schemes of aerial flight across the Atlantic have contemplated some northern route. That suggested by the authorities of the San Francisco exposition is by way of Labrador, Greenland and Iceland. It has remained for the Dutch aviator, Van der Born, to make the first preparation to cross the ocean from continent to continent without, stop, and «he proposes to take the southern route, where the Atlantic is narrowest. Van der Bom is now supervising the construction of a new type of hydroaeroplane. When it is complete he will go to the port of Konakey, in French Guinea, whence he promises to fly to Pernambuco, Brazil. The scheme is more plausible than any of the other discussed transoceanic flights. It is natural and sensible that the first crossing should be attempted at the narrowest place, even though the flight must be longer than any one of the stages of the Greenland route. There is, of course, the danger of tropical air currents, but these are not much more to be feared than the storms of sub-Arctic regions which are suggested for the northern route. -t—- 7 No one who has observed the progress of aviation doubts that before long the Atlantic will be crossed by some vAturesome flyer. There is no reason to maintain an attitude of scepticism toward the aviators of our own day, who have done so much in so brief a time, and who may do as much more within the next few years.

germs of Infantile enteritis and endanger the health of all by spreading typhoid-, germs was related. The Judge spoke of the annoyance caused the plaintiff by having to put up screens to keep out the flies. In England flies arfe not so generally troublesome as here, and when they do exist In swarms the nuisance Is all the more noticeable. A count of the annual rings of a California redwood tree Indicated that it began its career in WO A. D.

TAFFETAS ALL LOVELY

DEBI ONERS WOULD SEEM TO HAVE WROUGHT WONDERS. Easily the Favorite Material for Calling Gowns and Deserves All the . Popularity Which H«s Been v -> Accorded It. Some of the summer calling costumes show a combination of taffeta with chiffon and odd touches of embroidery, writes Lillian Young In a letter from Paris to the Washington Star. As the embroideries come mostly in strange, even garish, colors, they have, of course, to be used with discretion even in this season when delicate, harmonious colorings have given place to bolder treatments. ——■' ■ And as for the taffetas—all that the designers promised of them has been fulfilled, and more. They have never been bo lovely. Delightful things that were never thought of in the old days of this material are accomplished, and its popularit. is increasing every day. The silks themselves are so beautiful that even a moderate amount of insufficient to"trangfonn"them Into ravishing frocks, suits, or hats, or coats, for they are put to many purposes. No other fabric lends itself with such grace to unique trimming effects

Taffeta la the Favorite Material for Calling Gowns.

or unusual designs. With no other mar terial has originality such free play. Each Individual maker works out her own Bchemes, as she would not feel inclined to take the liberty of doing with satins or worsteds. • A charming idea was developed in the model sketched, which reproduces a calling costume of hydrangea blue taffeta and chiffon to match. The latter made its appearance only in the second flounce of the tunic, which, with the skirt proper, was mounted to a foundation of china silk, this, in turn, being covered by the interesting upper tunic flounce of taffeta. It was laid in box folds under the belt, with the spaces between slightly gathered and the end of each box fold was oddly scalloped and effectively, though simply embroidered in blue and rose colorings. The blouse was cut with elbow sleeves and in front and back the ma-

FOR SERVING AT LUNCHEON

Quaker Gray Best Garb for Hostess Who Will Personally Walt on Her Guests. After luncheon or before, If the general houseworker is expected to wait on the luncheon table, she will change to an afternoon dress. Thlß can be black, If It is preferred, or It can be of any light color. The very newest thing is Quaker gray. The correct afternoon apron is short and bibbed and there must be collar, cuffs and headpiece to match the apron. The smartest thing Is to have apron, cuffs, collar and headpiece made of white cable net Black ribbon about two Inches wide Is run through the belt of the apron and tied at the back of the waist. A maid dressed in Quaker gray sateen with collar, cuffs, apron and headpiece of white net suggests efficiency and contentment in appearance.

Smartening Black Frock.

To brighten and smarten a black frock in satin or crepe de chine, there Is nothing equal to golden-colored material on the collar, the cuffs and tEF sash end. Depending entirely upon the age of a woman and the occasion for which the frock, these golden touches must be applied. The collar, the cuffs and the sash eh<T may bp wholly of gold lace veiling cloth of gold; the satin or crepe may have gold motif and medallion Incrustations, applique, or there may be merely bands of gold cloth.

terial was gathered a little on the Hue of the shoulders, then covered with a scalloped and embroidered medallion of the taffeta, repeating the design of the tunic border. The V-neck was filled in with white chiffon ruffling, and a crushed girdle of black satin drew the fullness of the blouse in at the waist line and was caught up under the bust in front and tied in a flat bow, the space just below being fiUed in with a section of embroidered taffeta.

BABY’S NEEDS IN SUMMER

Lightness of Clothing Is One of the First Requisites During the Hot IH : Weather. IZZI__I Warm weather is a dangerous po rlod for children, And all mothers dread the summer for their little oneß. As the weather grows wanner and warmer, fewer and lighter clothes should be worn by the baby. So many mothers have a mistaken idea that flannel bands must be kept around baby's abdomen, next to the skin, no matter what the weather. The treatment is not only wrong, but actually cruel. To keep flannel next to the young sensitive skin when the weather is so hot that every turn of the little body against the fiaunßi causeß-severe-lr-rltation isalmoat barbarouß.Yet how many mothers believe in it! There are fewer each year, for which we should be grateful, but still there are left a large enough number of such deluded mothers to keep a great many babies in comparative torture during the summer time. The little body should feel nothing but the sheerest, softest materials next to it. When it is very hot the young baby may be totally undressed, except for his little shirt. During the hottest hours of the day the little one should be placed oar' a • wide l>ed° dressed in this garb, or rather lack of garb, and allowed to play or sleep

TO DECORATE DINING ROOM

Pottery and Chinaware Should Be Selected With a Good Deal of Taste and Discretion. —: — i If you have a blue dining room and have some really good Japanese or Chinese porcelain, or china in blue and white, use it, and use nothing else, unless It be some interesting lit; tie Japanese or Chinese knicknacks in brass —a gong or a tiny idol perhaps. Wedgwood is a beautiful plate-rail decoration if It is used alone; but unfortunately, there are few who possess enough .of it to furnish a whole plate rail. If modem pottery Is used, It is well to choose the whole furnishing of the plate rail at once. There is a certain brown and cream colored ware in thq market now that could be used effectively in the room where yellow or brown predominates. The ware is decorated with peasant scenes. There are many good designs In royal doulton of various sorts that can be chosen. Only they should be selected with a definite idea In mind of the other pieces with which they are to rank and of the room they are to decorate.

Silver and Gold Laces.

Silver and gold laces, woven with an extremely open mesh and showing large flower designs, are favored for trimming the evening frocks of the more expensive class. Tassels of silk or beads of unusually large proportions appear on suits, aft-' ernoon frocks and evening costumes. The latter are adorned with handsome white silk tassels. Buckles play an important part in trimming the pretty frocks. They are jeweled with brilliants or colored stones and enameled in designs which suggest the dainty dresden china patterns. Other buckles are embroidered with heavy silk or braid, or fashioned of silk, in odd design.

SUMMER BAG

White moire with dusters of opalescence.

On Summer Days.

A sweater coat and cap that are aeem exactly planned for the outdoor girl or woman in the summer are knitted of silk In mauve and sllver-gray. The coat is gray with a belt at the back, and cuffs, neck and front border in the mauve. The gray cap has a deep 'round band of mauVe with the points of the square crown caught, down an the hand hv mauve silk buttons. The colors reversed would be good, too.

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Modern Greek.

A stranger came into our office anil graciously offered us some fruit which he said he purchased downstairs in the Greek grocery store. We asked him what Greek grocery, and he said the one right under us, in Holpos’ place. We have been here some time and knew nobody of that name, and to satisfy our curiosity we went downstairs to hare a look. Sure enough, there was what did look like "Holpos" on the end of the awning, at least there were the letters “HQLPO S” standing out In bold relief. We have learned since that it is an abbreviation used by the store which, when translated, means "Highest quality, lowest prices, our standard." To the average reader it’s all Greek and would easily pass for a Hellenic name.—Quincy Ledger. —= —

White House Rose Garden.

The rose garden that Mrs. Woodrow Wilson had planted at the White House Is said to be quite equal to others that she planned at Princeton and other places where she has lived. She and her daughters bave spent much time, not only In superintending the work of the rose garden, but in actually working In It.

For Real Enjoyment.

“Going to the theater again? Why, you saw that piece only the other night.” “Yes, but not In my new frock.”

■ -..•Hr.-. :*MUSC3. . . Keep Cool and Comfortable Don’t spend so much of your time cooking during hot weather; and your family will be healthier without the heavy cooked foods. Give them Post Toasties They’re light and easily digested and yet nourishing and satisfying. No bother in preparation—just pour from the package and add cream and sugar —or they’re mighty good with fresh berries or -irirffc ’ . : t :■ “The Memory Lingers”