Evening Republican, Volume 18, Number 47, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 24 February 1914 — Page 2

WIRELLESS TELEGRAPHY ON MOWHO TRAINS

- IRELESS telegraphy for the I moving train promises to LLLJ make railroad travel safer in feßShl the future. The beginning of this service was started hot the other day on the Buffalo limited of the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western railroad. There are plenty of examples of what the wireless has done for oceangoing shipping in the way of spreading news, in giving helpful warnings ■mi in calling succor from afar to injured ships. Its application to - railroading will be for a somewhat different purpose. The block signal system now commonly adopted in combination with track contacts has done wonders in reducing the risk of accidents. The tower men are stationed every few miles, and unless something goes wrong in-> aide the block the train must clear each tone within a certain time. When it does not do so the watcher At the far end of the block knows that something is amiss; but what? The answer may be one of a score of things and the towermen are necesearily in ignorance until some one from the halted train brings the news. Then, and only then, the railroad people at distant points can be reached by telegraph and the proper steps taken to meet the emergency. The trainman carrying the message to the block tower may have to cover a distance of a couple of miles. This is not so bad in- daylight and in good weather, but what of the situation when there is a driving snowstorm or ice covers the ground? To reach the tower to call for assistance then becomes a desperately long struggle and the cause of delay that may imperil many lives. Again it happens every now and then that an engineer fails to see cautionary' signals which should make him slacken speed or bring his train to a standstill. The result may be a collision with loss of life. it will therefore be seen how desirable it is that each train should have Its own means of creating about it a cautionary zone quite independently of the fixed track and block signals, this zone to be communicable to other trains directly. In this fashion producing a safety system within a safety system and one that would be Immediately available at every point along the line. This is not in theory a novelty; tout practical accomplishment has had to contend with many obstacles. Something akin to this was evolved years ago in the form of. a signal telegraph which made use of track contacts at frequent points, or of magnetic impulses aroused at stated Intervals, but the arch enemy was the weather, and especially snow and Ice. The apparatus worked well experimentally until these foes to efficiency intervened, and then the whole technically beautiful installation failed to operate. Wireless telegraphy promises to do the needed work. If you look at a map of the Lackawanna railroad you will find that Binghamton is what the railroad man calls the neck of the traffic bottle, for there converge no fewer than three branches of the road. A break In train schedules through any delay there may affect all three of these centering routes. Nature has added to the difficulties by reason of the topography of the country. In a part of the neighboring mountainous section snow and sleet especially have a way of hampering traffic. These conditions double the task Of the engine driver, who must watch all the more earefully every signal, and they likewise increase immensely the stress upon the tower man. These circumstances, and an accident which occurred upon the road a year ago, prompted the experiments w-ith the wireless installation. There were several serious obstacles to overcome. Wireless telegraphy, as every one knows, usually calls for tall masts or towers from which the aerials or antannae can be spread, and this element of height and length of dispatching and intercepting filaments influences directly the efficiency of the apparatus, both in creating Hertzian waves and in being sensitive to the ether vlbratlens having their source elsewhere. How, then, were these requirements to be met upon a swiftly moving train? As a matter of fact, the clearance between the roofs of the coaches and the tops of the bridges and tnnnels is a matter of only a few Inches. Would aerials as low as this answer? Only experimenting would solve the question, and the electrical experts set about doing it in this way: A single line of wire arranged like a rectangle is strung from four low stanchions placed at each corner of the car ends, actually below the crest of the roof. By doing this upon four cars, giving a total length of aerials of something like 550 feet, an arrange-

DEFIES THE TOUCH OF AGE

Great Songstress True to Her Childish Vow That Bhe Will Always Remain Young. Madame Patti has certainly discovered the secret of eternal youth, and has carried oat her childish vow, “I will be young as long as I live." She lives for her voice, and begins her day by standing before an open window, inhaling deeply. She is always out of doors for two or three

WIREIESS TELEGRAPHY ON MOVING TRAINS

ment has been reached which works admirably and incidentally subscribes to the physical limitations of height imposed by structures along the roadwav.

But while this placing of the wires sufficed when running over open country, there was still & doubt about what would happen when the train skirted along winding rivers with mountains hemming in the view and seemingly offering an obstacle to the sending and the receiving of wireless impulses. It iB along parts of the road of this character that the wireless telegraph would be of the greatest service, because the sinuous path of the track makes it impossible for the towerman to see trains for more than a short distance, and block signals worked by track contacts are similarly obscured by bends in the route. Would the wireless waves rise out of the depth of the valleys and get beyond to receiving stations, ot would the vibrations started from distant points get over the mountains and down into the winding passes? In anticipation of probable difficulties in this department of, the work the Lackawanna railroad erected at Scranton and at Binghamton tall wireless towers and these were expected to offset the lowness of the aerials upon the train. Whether these tall towers are actually necessary for the Immediate work cut out for them is not of present concern; they may be a necessary part of the ' system when ultimately elaborated. But an Interesting fact has"developed: The messages leaving the moving train are unquestionably able to get past intervening mountains and to climb from the meandering valleys and find their way to antennae of the towers /at Scranton and Binghamton. * According to the experts, the Hertzian waves don't do this by climbing the hills, but by actually going through them. This is because the earth is a great magnet, and the wireless waves virtually wade along partly through the ground and partly through the air. ■ Even wireless telegraph involves an electrical circuit; the flow must eventually return to the ground. In this case the ground is the track upon which the cars move. Wfiat would happen if the electrical discharge at the instant of receiving a message aboard the train should pass into the rail? Wouldn't this Interfere with the current that already runs through the rails when a passing train causes the automatic operating of some of the block signals? Wouldn’t the two electrical discharges cause signal troubles?"- --

The railroad electricians had their doubts, but the wireless men believed otherwise, and the tests have shown that there was no reason for anxiety. But why? you will ask. Just where the Hertzian waves return to the earth they have a zero of electrical energy, or potential, as the expert expresses it. These points are the nodal, or neutral points, corresponding to the places on a vibrating string where the double curves meet and cross and ’where there is no motion. For this reason the wifeless discharge Into the track has no jx>wer to upset the regular current which controls the operating of the block signals. Wireless telegraphy calls for a good deal of energy in the spark .which creates the Hertzian waves, and the question was: Where was this current to be obtained? In the present instance it has been drawn from the batteries supplying current for the incandescent lighting system. An independent motor could easily be provided for the sole purpose of furnishing energy for the wireless apparatus, and separate storage batteries could also be installed to hold enough energy in reserve to do a good deal of telegraphing after the train had halted for one reason or another. *■

hours every day, and the element* do ! not frighten her from her regular daily : exerciser - T ' ~ H ' m I Madame Patti Is a great admirer of i the Jewish people, and she constantly wears what is called a mezuzah, a small ease containing a Hebrew parchment scroll, Inscribed with a passage from Deuteronomy, which ie usually affixed to the doorpost of a Jewish bouse. She is also very fond of birds, and' at her residence she a large colI lection of stuffed songsters from all

THE EVENING REPUBLICAN, RENSSELAER, IND.

The Marconi outfit has been especially developed for railroad service. Space and weight had to be draw® upon economically and the whole system is just about one-quarter the size of an ordinary Installation. This naturally has imposed refinements and made it necessary to take great care in offsetting the jarring vibrations of a speeding train' Again the electrical engineers have done well, because even upon the: first run the apparatus functioned encouragingly. Of course there are yet obstacles to be surmounted, because there are refinements of adjustment that radically affect perfect working. The principal one of these has been that of regulating the wave lengths and in getting the installation upon the moving train turned to the distant stations.

The wave lengths generated by the train equipment are about 800 meters long, or in the neighborhood of half a mile, and these have permitted of the maintenance of wireless communication for a distance just short of 35 miles. So far the operator aboard the train has been more successful in dispatching than in receiving messages and the Immediate efforts will be directed toward putting him upon an equality with his fellows at the fixed stations. Upon the trial run the conductor of the Buffalo limited was taken ill and when thirty-odd miles from Scranton a wireless call was dispatched for a relief conductor. The substitute waß .on hand .when the train pulled into | that station. Again, there were more passengers than seats, and in the same "way an extra coach was ordered and made ready by the time the limited pulled into Binghamton. Upon a later run news items were received aboard the train and bulletins posted from time to time for the edification of the passengers. In time it will be possible, it is believed, for passengers to send and receive messages at any moment of ttaeiSay or night while the trains are speeding along at their highest rate.

What is perfectly plain is the fact that the advent of the wireless operator aboard a moving train adds Just one more watcher who will be continually on the alert and can co-oper-ate with towermen in keeping the engine driver informed as to the state of the road ahead. Logically the next development of the system will be a telephone installation extending from the room of the wireless operator to the cab of the locomotive and perhaps even to the fireman’s position if his task separates him from the engineer. Of course the question of expense must be considered always, and fortunately the outlay Involved in this case is not prohibitive. The stationary plants at Scranton and Binghamton have apparatus costing $3,000 for each, independently of the wireless towers, and the train equipment costs about half this. The operator need be but little more Bkilful than the average railroad telegrapher.

Broke Power of Indians.

One hundred years ago Gen. Ad-' 5 drew Jackson had at Fort Strother 900 raw recruits and several hundred friendly Indians in preparation for the second year's campaign against the Creek Indians. With this force he conducted raids into the Indian country with varied success. Before the end of February General Jackson had an army of 5,000 men within easy reach of Fort Strother. But it was the first of March before needed provisions for an active campaign arrived, and several weeks more elapsed before General Jackson was in a position to give decisive battle to the Creeks, Then came the bloodiest battle of the. war, the battle of Howeshoe Bend, in which the power of the American Indian was broken forever.

over the world, as well ae many liv« parrots, which are great favorites with ben — —-—; ■ ——

Sait From Western Australia.

Enormous deposits of salt exist in the Esperance district of western Australia, whicb are now being worked by a strong company. The salt is scraped from lakes and treated in a mill, recently erected. It is then bagged and exported.--the quantity so treated being some 15,000 bags a month.

SWEEPSTAKE UPON “ SWEEPSTAKE

CANADA ADDING OTHERS TO ITS SERIES OF VICTORIES.

A Manitoba Steer Carries Off Similar Honors to Those Won by a HalfBrother In 1912.

When Glencarnock 1., the AberdeenAngus steer, owned by Mr. McGregor of Brandon, Manitoba, carried off the sweepstakes at the Chicago Llge Stock Show in 1912, it was considered to be a great victory for barley, oats and grass versus corn. So that there might be no doubt of the superiority of barley feeding, Manitoba climate, and judgment in selecting the animal, Mr. McGregor placed in competition In 1913, another Aberdeen-Angus, a half-brother to the animal that won last year, and secured a second vic-

tory in the second year. In other classes he had excellent winnings, but the big victory was the sweepstakes for the best steer. This victory proved that Manitoba-grown barley and oats, and prairie hay, had properties better than any contained in corn, which in the ££>ast has been looked upon as being superior to other grains in fattening and finishing qualities. Not only this, but Glencarnock’s victory proves that the climate of the prairie provinces of western Canada, in combination with rich foods that are possessed by that country, tends to make cattle raising a success at little cost Other winnings at the live stock show which placed western Canada in the class of big victories were: Three firsts, seven seconds, and five other prizes in Clydesdales. The winners, Bryce, Taber, Sutherland, Sinton, Mutch, McLean, Haggerty, Leckie and the University of Saskatchewan are like family names in Saskatchewan. Each one had “the goods” that won honor to himself and combined made a name and record for Saskatchewan. Look at the recent victories won by western Canada within the past three years. In February, 1911, Hill & Sons of Lloydminster, Saskatchewan, showed a peck of oats at the National Corn Exposition, held at Columbus. Ohio, and carried off the Colorado Bilver trophy, valued at $1,500. In February, 1913, the same men.

father and son, had n similar victory at Columbia, N. C., and should they win in 1914 at Dallas, Texas, they will own the trophy. In 1911, Seager Wheeler of Rosthern won SI,OOO in gold at the New York Land Show for the best 100 pounds of wheat In 1912 at the Dry Farming Congress at Lethbridge, Alberta, Mr. Holmes of Cardston won the $2,500 Rumley engine for best wheat in ths world. In 1913, at the Dry Farming Con gress, held at Tulsa, Okla., Mr. P. tierlack of Allen, Saskatchewan, carried off the honors and a threshing machine for the best bushel of wheat shown in competition with the world In 1913 at the International Dry Farming Congress at Tulsa, Okla. Canada won the majority of sch« world’s honors in individual classes, and seven out of the sixteen sweep stakes, including the grand prize for the best bushel of hard wheat. The grand prize, a threshing machine, was won by Paul Gerlack for best bushel of hard wheat, which

weighed 71 pounds to the bushel, and was of the Marquis variety. In the district in which the wheat was grown that won this prize, there were thousands of acres this year that would have done as well. Mr. Gerlack is to be congratulated, as well as the province of Saskatchewan, and western Canada as a whole, for the great success that has been achieved in both grain and cattle. Other prizes at the same place were:

Best peck of barley, Nicholas Tetmiger, Claresholm, Alberta. Best peck of oats, E. J. Lanigan, Elfross, Saskatchewan. Best bushel of flax, John Plews, Carnduff, Saskatchewan. Best sheaf of barley, A. H. Crossman, Kindersley. Saskatchewan. Best sheaf of flax, R. C. West, Kindersley, Saskatchewan. Best sheaf of oats, Arthur Perry, Cardston, Alberta. In district- exhibits, Swift Current, Trade Award, with Maple Creek second. Other exhibitors and winners were: Red Fife spring wheat, E. A. Fredrick, Maple Creek. Other variety of hard spring wheat. S. Englehart, Abernethy, Sask. Black oats. Alex Wooley, Horton, Alta. Western rye grass, W. S. Creighton, Stalwart, Sask. Sheaf of Red Fife wheat, R. H. Carter. Fort Qu’Appelle. Sask. Sheaf of Marquis wheat, C. N. Carney, Dysart, Sask. Oats, any other variety, Wm. S Simpson, Pambrun, Saak. Two-rowed barley, R. H. Carter, Fort Qu’Appelle. Sask. Six-rowed barley, R. H. Carter, Fort Qu'Appelle, Sask. Western rye grass, Arthur Perry. Cardston, Alta. Alsike clover, Seager Wheeler, Ros them, Sask. —Advertisement.

Face and Fight Worry.

Realize your worries for what they are worth —for what they really are. Face them —stare them In the face Leave the future to the future, and all your worrying and anxious wondering Will- not alter It an atom' All you do is to burden yourself with your exaggerated conception of your worry and to carry it with you upon your back into your future. Face it, realize its limits and fight it.

Colorado has eight women city treasurers.

the ONLOOKER by HENRY HOWLAND Wisdom

The wisest man of all may be Confounded by Borne other man; The greatest seer may fail to see Some truth a ragged vagrant can; The greatest king that ever ruled By tome poor clown might have been fooled in some most foolish way; The sage who has the greatest mind Somewhere, some time, Is sure to find Some silly thing to say. The cunning montebank, the seer. The man who serves, the man who leads. The one whom others hold In fear, The man of words, the man of deeds; The wisest king, the poorest clown, The man who has achieved renown, The priest to whom men bend the! r knees. Each may behold ere he can wink A woman who will make him think The moon Is made of vheese.

Hope.

“When I come home tonight,” said Tommy’s father, after Tommy had, while in a temper, upset the milk on the clean tablecloth, “I shall punish you.” “Gee,” said Tommy along about noon, “I hope they’ll give dad a raise today.” “Why do you want him to get a raise?” the boy’s mother asked, , “He always seems to be so kind and cheerful for about a week after he gets a raise.”

Still In Doubt

"So that is your impressionistic masterpiece?” “Yes. What do you think of it?” “It ceretainly is a wonderful piece of work. What it is intended to represent?” “I have not decided as yet whether to call it ‘Sunset on the Moor' or ‘An Orchard in Bloom.’ ”

GRAND LITTLE MACHINE.

“What kind of an automobile is it that Freddie Greenough drives?”

piacfc. 'V.- were there three hours, undisturbed by anybody.”

Perhaps.

“He is always just on the point of doing something worth while, but he hever makes good.” “What do you suppose is the reason?” "I think perhaps the fact that he has to stop so often for a drink may have something to do with it.”

He Would Be Different

“I can twist my husband around my little finger,” said the Circassian beauty. „ < , “That's all right," replied the fat lady, “but if you had married the ossified man instead of a contortionist you’d find him a harder customer to deal with."

Freedom.

“We boast that we are a free people.” "Well, we are, aren’t we?” “What about the married man who has to work under the eye of a boss?” “You can’t deny that he is comparatively free while on his way to and from the-office?”

Perhaps.

■ "One of Germany’s most expert photographers American women do not knowyfaffw to pose in order to gpt lifelike pictures of themselves.” “Perhaps he has an idea that women would rather have lifelike pictures of themselves, than pictures that make them look beautiful."

A Marked Improvement

“Do you thibk my daughter sings, any better than she did when she bw gan receiving instructions from you?” - -"Oh, yes, much better. I am oftea able to listen to her for ten or fifteen minutes at a time now."

“I don’t 'know the name of it, but it is a dear little machine.” “Has he taken you out In it?” “Yes, and it broke down in such a nice lonely

Tarn Spare Time into Bi£ Prizes and BjjMonai ■— ■ ■ Nomsttewho yoii»rs iX j <* wherayoo Kvt, yoa can cash is on one of *SHJ_yOT tbs beat ooney-msk-ing certainties era IKS?' Veyjr offered readers of tin* paper. No experieoee FREE KKJE —the boor or so that everyone baa non and then. Torn this spare time into a famous Ford Auto or turn it into atUO.OO Motornote, s Piano, a Sewing Machine. • Beautiful Seenio Trip or any one of many other Tulaabl* prises- Turn it Into CASH. Get a cheek eaoh month. Yon are aiaohiteiy SUBS of the money whether you win % prise or not EVERYBODY WB-L HELP YOU WIN —in this —the 9th semi-annual FREE VOTING Contest given by Prairie Farmer —Illinois’greatest Farm paper; read twtoea month by over 105,000 Farmers es the middlewest. Friends, relatives, acquaintances will all help you win because they get big value and a FREE gift beside*! But the biggest help of all, you get from US. You can't lose—you can’t help winning. Proved by Hundreds eager to tell yoa what they did—what they got! I EVERY PENNY of th. I *2.000 Prixo Money YOT’UVnnder ™ obiiWIA Go to YouJLooal ption. You’ll have time Spare Time Workers! to dead* after vou've got ’em. But get’em NOW —before yoor neighbor doe*—before he gets this famous t Prairie Parmer. 5365. dark St, Chicago; r C Send me without obligation nil details es your : BIG FREE PRIZE OFFER i Tiama. ••••#••»•••••••••••• MSSUISMS I Addresi... we .*»e*eMS»«*«.*tea.

Over 800,000 women voted In Australia In 1913. Constipation causes and serionsiv aggravates many diseases. It is thoroughly cured by Dr. Pierce’s Pellets. Tiny sugar-coated granules. Adv. If the only way to elevate the stage were to raise the price of admission, we should despair of the drama.

Tbl» Will Interest Mothers. Mother Grey's Sweet Powders for Children relieve Feverishness, Headache, Bad Stomach, Teething Disorders, move and regulate the Bowels and destroy worms. They break up Colds in 24 hours. They are so pleasant to take Children like them. Used by mothers for U years. All Druggists, 25c. Sample Frits. Ad* dress, A. S. Olmsted, Le Boy, N. Y. Adv.

Cynical Inference.

“I know a man who has no time to make money.” “Why? Is he doing time?"

Economy in Fuel.

“The baby has been playing In the coal bln!” “Have the nuree wash him thoroughly and see that she saves all the ooal dust” ..

Clever Wife.

Food faddists cause Mr. Ralph Nevill to make some rather piquant remarks In his latest book, “Fancies Fashions and Fade” (Metuen), and he tells an amusing story at the expense of one of them. When at luncheon with a friend he observed “that he touched no meat, but ate only certain strange vegetarian dishes, which had evidently been prepared for his special consumption. Later on,” says Mr. Nevill, “I inquired of his wife if this new diet agreed with her husband. “ ‘lt didn’t at first,’ she replied, ’but it does now.’ “ ‘From his looks he certainly seems to thrive on it He never looked more robust In his life:* “ ‘I take case of that,* she went on, ‘though I hopikjie* won’t find it out No man partakes of a more carnivorous diet than he. Every one of those vegetable courses you saw today was full of the strongest meat juice, which, by my orders. Is nut Into everything served to him before it appears on the table.’ ”

SCHOOL TEACHERS.

Also Have Things to Learn* "For many years I had used coffee and refused to be convinced of it# bad effect upon the human system,” writes a veteran school teacher. “Ten years ago I was obliged to give up my much-loved work In the public schools after years of continuous labor. I had developed a well defined case of chronic coffee poisoning. “The troubles were constipation, flutterings of the heart, a thumping in the top of my head, and various parts of my body, twitching of my limbs, shaking of my head and, at times after exertion, a general “gone” feeling, with a toper’s desire for very strong coffee. I was a nervous wreck for years. "A short time ago friends came to visit us and they brought a package of Postum with them, and urged me to try It I was prejudiced because some years back I had drunk a cup of weak, tasteless stuff called Postum which I did not like at all. “This time, however, my friends made the Postum according to directions on the package, and it won me. Soon I found myself improving In a most decided fashion.-.i “The odor of boiling coffee no longer tempts me. lam so greatly benefited by Postum that if I continue to improve as I am now, I’ll begin to think I have found the Fountain of Perpetual Youth. This Is no fancy letter but stubborn facts which I am glad to make known.” Name given by Postnm Co., Battle Creek, Mich. Write for a copy of “The Road to WellvUle.” ~ Postum now comes in two forms: Regular Postum —must be well boiled. Irtetant Postum—ls a soluble powder. A teaspoonful dissolves quickly In a cup of hot water and, with cream and sugar, makes a delicious beverage instantly. Grocers sell both kinds. "There’s a Reason” tor Postnm.