Evening Republican, Volume 18, Number 33, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 7 February 1914 — Page 2

FIRST HYDRO-AERO PASSENGER LINE IN WORLD

Six thousand people gathered at St. Petersburg, Fla., to witness the opening of the first commercial line of hydro-aeroplanes in the world. With Tony Jannus of the Benoist Aircraft company of St. Louis at the pilot's wheel, the first machine of this latest of all passenger lines left the St. Petersburg y&tch harbor en route for Tampa, 22 miles away. Regular trips are made each day.

RESULTS OF HIKER EXPEDITION TO INDIAN TRIBES USED FOR UPLIFT

Head of Party Says a Race of Thinkers and Statesmen Could Have Been Developed Among the Red Men—Declares That Destruction of the Indian- Great Loss to the Nation—Their Ambitions Are Destroyed. ill

New York.—"lf the United State* government had expended honest effort and money in the conservation and uplift of the North American Indian there would have been produced from the race a remarkable line of thinkers and statesmen who would have added to the fame of our halls of congress with their wisdom and fine ideals.” v That was the declaration of Dr. Joseph Kossuth Dixon, in charge of the Rodman Wanamaker expedition to the North American Indian, which returned to New York from a six months’ tour of the reservations in the west. In a hook Dr. Dixon gives his estimate of the American Indian as follows.:.. ....... - “The Indian is a paan of lofty Ideals; he is heroic in temperament and ineffably tragip in thought. Today the sublime thought in the Indian mind seems to be that although he 1b doomed to extermination, yet will he :<ite iuplitnt>*ari| Dr. Dixon’s book is dedicated “to my brother, the Indian.” It contains the stories of surviving scouts of the Custer massacre, and alfeo the stories of some of the Indian chiefs who fought Custer. The story of White-Man-Runs Him, a Custer scout, is as follows: “The Great White Father at Washington sent representatives out to our country. The Indians met them and held a council. The Sioux were hereditary enemies of the Crows. The head man sent by the Great Father said to the Crows: ‘We must get together and fight and get this land from the Sioux. We must win it by conquest.’ “I stood faithfully by the soldiers. They did not know the country. I did. They wanted me for their eye; they could not see. The soldiers and I were fighting in friendship. What they said I did. What I said, they did. So I helped my tribe. "We heard that General Custer was coming, and I and 30 soldiers went down the river in boats. I was the first one of the Crows to shake hands with Custer. He gripped me tight and said: ‘You are the one I want

Chief Two Moons.

to see, and I am glad that you are Arat.’ I directed Cuater up to No-Hip-Bone. We always traveled at sight* climbing the mountains and wading the rivers. Daring the day we made a concealed camp. "When we reached the top of the Wolf mountains we saw the enemy’s •camp, near where the Custer Field Is at the present time. Custer was rejoiced and anxious to go ahead and

make the battle. Custer sent me to a high knoll. ‘Go and look for me,’ he said, ‘and see where I can -make a success.’ He left it to me. When I was up there I looked around, and the troops were very close upon me. I motioned to them to come on, and we passed up the ridge. “The Indian scouts stood in front of Custer and led his men. The Sioux fired at us. We looked over the river

Red Cloud.

and saw Reno in his engagement with the Sioux. "Finally they wiped out Reno, and he - retreated to the hills. “Custer and all of us got off our horses. The enemy were surrounding us. They were banging away at us. Custer then came up and said: ‘You have done your duty. You have led me to the enemy’s camp. And now the thing -for you to do is to obey orders and get away. You go; I am now going with my boys.’ "Had Custer not ordered me to go, the people who visit Custer Field today would see my name on the monument. Even more realistic is the story of the Sioux Indians who fought Custer. Their Justification of their conduct is interesting. Red Cloud, a Sioux chief, says:

"Suddenly we heard firing, and we found out that the soldiers were on us. The women and children were all frightened, -and started to run across the hills, and we men mounted our horses and started toward the enemy. I remember that we pushed Reno back until he had to the river, and go up against the bluffs, and then some, of our Sioux rode around the hill to head him off. and we had him in a pocket. "After we had killed many of Reno’s men, Custer came along the ridge, and we were called off- to fight Custer. We kept circling around Custer, and as his men cam& down the ridge we shot them down. And then the rest dismounted and gathered in a bunch, kneeling down and shooting from behind their horses. We circled round and round, firing into Custer’s men until the last man was killed. “I did not see Custer, fall, for all the Indians did not know which was Custer. One reason Why we did not ricalp Custer was because the Indians and the white soldiers were so mixed up that it was hard to distinguish one man from another; and another reason was because Custer was the bravest man of all and we did not want to touch him, as he made the lest stand. Thli. U also the. opinion of Rain-in-the-Face. "Regarding the cause of the Custer

THE EVENING REPUBLICAN, RENSSELAER, IND.

fight, I must say wfe were pursued by the soldiers, we werfe on the warpath and we were on the warpath with the Crows and other tribes. “We were driven out of the Black Hills by the men seeking gold, and our game was driven off, and we started on our journey in search of game. Our children were starving and we had to have something to eat. There was buffalo in that region and we were moving, simply camping here and there and fighting our Indian enemies as we advanced, in order to iret thb game that was in this country- We fought this battle from daylight until three o’clpck in the afternoon, and all of the white men were killed. , I think that Custer was a very brave man to fight all these Indians with his few men from daylight until the sun was almost going down.” The poetical nature of the Indian was exemplified in the words of Chief Plenty Coos, chief of all the CroW nation, in summoning other chiefs to “The Lest Great Council,” organized in the valley of the Little Big Horn, Montana, by the Rodman Wanamaker expedition. The Indian chieftain said in part: "I see as in a vision the dying spark of our council fires, the ashes cold and white. I sed no more the curling smoke rising from our lodge poles. I hear no longer the songs of the-women as they prepare the meal. The antelope have gone; the buffalo wallows are empty. Only the wall of the coyote is heard. "The white man’s medicine Is stronger than ours; his Iron horse rushes over the buffalo trail. He talks to us through his ‘whispering spirit.’ (The Indian’s name for the telegraph and telephone.) We are like birds with a broken wing. My heart is cold within me. My eyes are growing dim—l am old. "Before our red brothers pass on to the happy hunting ground, let us bury the tomahawk. Let us break our arrows. Let us wash off our war paint in the river. And I will instruct our medicine men to tell the women to prepare a great council lodge. 1 will send our hunters into the hills and pines for deer. “I will send my runners to the lodges of-the Blackfeet, where in that far north flowers border the snow on the hills. I will send them across the fiery desert to the lodges of the Apaches in the south. I will send them east to the lodges of the Sioux, warriors who have met us in many .x hard battle. I will send them to the west, where among the mountains dwell the Cayuse and the Umatillas. “I will have the outriders build smoke signals on all the high hills, calling the chiefs of all the tribes gether, that we may meet here as brothers and friends in one great last council, that we may eat our bread and Jneat together, and smoke the council pipe, and say farewell as brothers, never to meet again,”

CHINESE AN IDEAL LANGUAGE

Sir William Ramsay Says Our Ancestors Should Have Adopted It Years Ago.

London. Sir William Ramsay, speaking at St Bride institute recently on spelling reform, said it was a pity that we had not from the beginning adopted the Chinese system of writing instead of our own. The Chinese did not spell; they used symbols which conveyed ideas. The Chinese language had the great advantage that it could be read much quicker than any spelled language. It went straight from the symbol to the brain as an idea. ~

Although he would not support the adoption of a new alphabet on the lines of the Chinese system, he felt that it was a pity that 3,000 or 4,000 years ago our ancestors did not adopt the Chinese system.

BEACHEY SETS NEW RECORD

Loops the Loop Five Consecutive Times and Outdoes Originator of Thrilling Feat.

San Francisco.-Lincoln Beachey, aviator, celebrated Christmas by breaking a : world’s record, “looping the loop” five consecutive times from a height of 750 feet and landing in a narrow

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Lincoln Beachey.

street on the Panama-Pacific exposition grounds. Beachey turned a double loop at a height of 300 feet, which he says fs a record in itself, as Pegoud, the originator of this particular freak of aviation always has performed from a great height

Undertaker’s Correspondence School

Paterson, N. J. —Joel E. Crandall will open, a. correspondence school to teach undertakers how to re-nsracnble man gled bodies.

CLEANING CLOTHES AT HOME

Some Simple Methods That Will Produce Results Equal to Those of the Professional. , We all now need so many articles of wearing apparel that the problem of keeping them clean has grown to be a serious one indeed, to those tfho find it expedient to do some of their own cleaning rather than send all to a professional cleaner. Grease is the most common of all spots. IT may be removed in either of three ways—by absorption, emulsion or by the use of soap and hot water. The soap and hot water process may be applied to all small articles that can be laundered in the usual manner, and should require hut little trouble. Large articles and such fabrics as cannot be laundered may he treated by absorption. Fresh grease spots may often be entirely removed by a melting process alone. Place pieces of white blotting paper over and under the spot and press with a warm iron. - :

If the fabric is such that the heat will affect the color, cold absorption, with Frencjr chalk as the absorbent, can be used. Pulverize the chalk, cover the spot thickly* with it, and allow it to stand for several hours. Then, brush off with a soft brush. It necessary apply it a second time. This chalk may also be applied by mixing it to a paste with benzine, applying it in that form, and brushing it when thoroughly dry. In cases of large grease spots of long standing It is best to use a solvent of grease, such as alcohol, chloroform, ether, benzine or naphtha. Benzine and naphtha are the best for woolens, while ether and chloroform are best for silk, and may be,used In the most delicate fabrics. A thick piece of sateen is a good article with which to apply these solvents, as it does not become llnty.

CURTAINS ARE WORTH CARE

Their Usefulness May Be Prolonged With a Little Pecaution at Cleaning Time.

When doing up fine curtains the weight alpne of the heavy work often tears the curtain. To avoid this, take cheesecloth that has been shrunk, or old sheets sewed together, on which carefully baste the curtains. After shaking out the dust, soak in cold water. Put in suds and boil. Gently lift up and down in the water. Rinse in several waters, the last slightly blued for white curtainß, or stained with coffee for ecru. Put through the wringer; never wring by hand. Set up the stretcher, and after doubling -your curtain to find the center, commence to pin on from center to outside. Keep the curtains constantly wet while pinning on, or they may tear. Four curtains may be pinned on at, once, so keeping all pairs precisely the same size and shape for bay or double window. A little starch may be added to the last rinsing water if desired.

Six Months’ Cake. Work one-half cup of shortening (using butter and lard in equal proportions until creamy), then add gradually, while beating constantly, one cupful of sugar, two eggs well beaten and one-half cupful of molasses. Mix and sift two and one-half cups of bread flour, one teaspoonful of cream of tartar, one-half teaspoonful of soda, one teaspoonful of cinnamon, one-fourth teaspoonful of clove and one-fourth teaspoonful of mace. Add alternately with one-half cup milk to first mixture and beat vigorously; then add one cup of raisins, seeded and cut in small pieces and dredged with two tablespoonfuls of pastry flour. Turn into two bread pans and bake in a moderate oven 45 minutes.

Cranberry Sauce.

Many people like cranberries served without seeds and skin, but find cutting each berry a tedious process. The same result can be obtained by putting the berries through the food chopper, says the St. Louis Star. This breaks each berry and cuts the skin into small bits, giving 'the sauce a better appearance.

Way to Use Leftover Meat.

Chop meat finely and season with butter, salt pepper and gravy; fill pudding dish one-third full; fill remainder of dish with mashed potatoes, seasoned with butter, cream, salt and pepper; over top sprinkle cracker crumbs and brown in the oven.

To Mend Rubbers.

The usefulness of rubber overshoes may be prolonged by mending them with adhesive' plaster, which may be bought for five cents a roll. Heat the plaster, ahd paste on the inside of the rubber over worn part.

Red Pepper Salad.

Wash and cut the peppers in halves (lengthwise), removing the seeds. Cover with cold water and cook until tender, but not too soft. Cool and cut into strips. Serve on lettuce with French or Italian dressing.

To Remove Ink Stains.

When you stain your hands with Ink rub the spots with a mixture of baking soda and powdered pumice stone, moistened with a little peroxide of hydrogen.

Uncooked Salad Dressing.

Take two eggs, one can of condensed milk, one cup of vinegar, half cup of melted butter, two teaspoons of mustard; sprinkle cayenne pepper and salt

MAKING BIG CUNS

FROM the old-faßhioned castlron gun with a range reckoned In feet to the great gun of modern times with a range of miles is a far cry, but the resulbi of experiments by scientific men of all nations during the past *IOO years have given us today what is practically perfection in the art of gunmaking. * Over 100 years ago guns were cast in solid iron or a combination ; of bronze and iron and were always liable to explode if overcharged, due not to any fault in the material, but chiefly to the fact that they were cooled from the outside and in consequence when the gun was fired the inside or bore would expand quickly, cracking the whole piece. A later method was used by which the inside was cooled first and solidifying, was compressed and supported W the contraction of the exterior when it was cooled down. The Built-Up Gun. Still later a system of building up guns was devised whereby each portion of the metal was made to bear a fair share of the strain. Nearly all big guns are now made entirely of steel made by the open ■hearth process. Months are required to - build up one of these guns which are built in sections, i. e„ the liner or barrel, the jackets which fit over the liner and the breech block which closes the

Inspecting Breech Mechanism.

opening through which the'projectile is thrust.

The Jackets add extra strength to the portion of the gun in which the explosion takes place. The composition of the metal varies little; the greatest care being taken to produce a metal free from bubbles. After the ingot is cast and cooled it is removed to a large furnace heated by gas or oil, securely bricked in so that very little heat is lost, and subjected to a steady flame which gradually heats it to the center.

Forced Into a Bar.

It is then taken to a press, with a pressure of 10,000 tons, where from a great block it is by degrees reduced to a long bar about 60 feet in length and two feet in diameter. This is done while the metal Is hot From the press the forging as It Is now known, goes to the wood annealing. where it is given a bath of fire entirely of wood, and brought quickie to a high temperature. This temperature is held some time after which the forging cools slowly in air.

The forging next goes to thd ma chine shop, where It is placed upon a lathe and receives its first rough machining over the outside. It is then bored to the proper size on a boring lathe. The boring is a matter of weeks and the boring bar once started requires little attention other than the changing of the cutters on the end, water running through the bar flushes out the chips and keeps the cutters from heating. When bored the forging Is known as a liner and removed to the oil annealing shop, where It is stood upright In a furnace and mafie hot with oil flames. While hot It is slowly lowered Into a pit of oil and allowed'to COOl; Absorbing the oil the metal becomes very tough., allowing, it to expand but little with the gases which force the projectiles out.

SCENE, IN ORDNANCE FACTORY

Lottery Romances. Lottery tickets, such as that which has just won a Staffordshire miner a prize of £46,000, have always brought romance. A few years since the drawing of the annual Christmas lottery at Madrid brought a poor mechanlo £20,000, and on the same occasion a crossing sweeper won £B,OOO with a ticket given him by an old lady for assisting her across a busy thoroughfare. Equally romantic was the experience of a poor shopkeeper, a widow, in a Berlin suburb. One day a shabbily-dressed man entered her shop and, begging permission to light his pipe, at the gas Jet, produced a piece of paper, which he used as a spill and then threw, half charred, on, the floor. When sweeping the shopt the widow, picking up the spill, found! It to be a lottery ticket. A few weeks after It won her £lo,ooo.—London, Chronicle. , Dog Ghost Revealed Secret. The most extraordinary of dog ghosts was the Dog o’ Manse. It was a ; dog ghost, but not the ghost of at dog. According to the account given; to Bishop Rattray by William Soutar. the Perthshire man who saw it ini 1728-30. it first appeared vaguely aa something like a screeching fox, whlchi dogs refused to chase. Next time it| was a big. dark gray dog, which, touched him on the hip, and the hipt remained painful all night After several such appearances the phantom; dog took to Bpe&king, and confessed! itself to be David Soutar, who had! killed a man 35 years before and nowi appeared as a dog because • dog had| been with him when he did it. Human, hopes were found buried under a hush at a spot Indicated by the ghost-* London Chronicle. '

Back again to the machine shop it goes, where it is machined to the trn« size.

The jackets are made and treated in exactly the same manner, With the exception of the oil bath. When the parts are ready they are carefully fitted together and bound with hoops of brbnze or cppper. The breech of a gun is the most important part, for unless It fits perfectly the gases will leak causing back firing. Nearly all guns are rifled to give greater accuracy In firing. Rifling is a system \ot grooves in the surface of the bore which gives a rotary motion to the projectile which revolves while passing through the air, thereby lessening the resistance. A gun being entirely built 1b thoroughly polished by hand, the muzzle closed with a wooden block, the whole gun oiled to prevent weather damage and shipped to the proving grounds to be tested by the government. If up to the test requirements it is accepted and goes to help make up the armament of one of our modern seafighters.

GRANDMAS HELD THE FLOOR

Occasion Proved That Youth by No Means Had a Monopoly of Joys of the Tango.

Danee-mad sixteen is comprehensible, but dance-mad sixty-six—well, that’s a different thing altogether. The one is patural, the other—-isn’t. A New York paper describes the recent opening of “the newest dancing place in the city, the Castle House,” as a scene o/ many remarkable features.

The older the men and women the wilder the dancing! Gray-haired women had partners who still had their first vote to cast, while the pink tea variety of bald men took debutante partners in mastering the steps of the Argentina, Hesitation and other dips and trots and tangoes. The older the women, the more adaptable their costumes for tangoing. The gowns were all' short, of course, with a split in front or back, and many of the snowy-head ed women long past sixty had theirs split clear to thej knee. - The plan was to have a place where young girls could go unchaperoned in the afternoon, but most of the young folk who arrived *fter five had to enjoy the sport from the side lines. Their mammas, aunts and grandmothers had the center of the, floor and all the available young men by that time.