Evening Republican, Volume 17, Number 246, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 15 October 1913 — Page 2

Coronium Discovered at Last

7 Ss that will-o’-the-wisp of the physicist, the gas coronium, at last in the grip of the chemist, as was stated in a cable dispatch from London the other day? Have Sir William Ramsay and his fellows actually found earthly sub stances from which this elusive and extraordinary light element can be * produced? If so aviation, or more accurately the range of the dirigible balloon, will be enormously increased. But this is only one aspect of a very wide field of possible services and significance. The discovery of coronium is another example of the astonishing revelations which have come with the development of the spectroscope and its union witfi photography. By means of this wonderful instrument physicists have been able to detect and render visible the unseen of millions of miles away. As Professor Mendenhall expressed It a few years ago: “By this device man is put into communication with every considerable body in the universe, including even the invisible. The goings on of Sirius and Algol, of Orion and the Pleiades are reported tp him across enormous stretches of millions of millions of miles of space, empty save of r the ethereal medium itself, by this most wonderful wireless telegraphy. And It is by the vibratory motion of the Invisibly small that all of this is revealed ; the infinitely little has enabled us to conquer the inconceivably big.” But the spectroscope would be incomplete were it not for the exceedingly ingenious apparatus called the bolometer, invented by the late Prof. S. P. Langley. The sensitiveness of the bolometer is so exquisite that it responds to temperature changes of a millionth of a degree. The bolometer is an eye that sees in the dark. To quote Professor Langley: “Since it is one and the same'solar energy whose manifestations are called light’ or ‘heat,’ according to the medium which interprets them, what Is light’ to the eye is ‘heat’ to the bolometer and what is seen as a dark line by the eye is felt as a solid line by the sentient instrument.’’ Here is an example of how thiß apparatus revealed to Professor Langley what had been considered far beyond the pale of the recordable. He was using the bolometer up on Mount Whitney and was working away at the known spectrum, patiently measuring the heat of the various lines. He stumbled upon a great discovery. “He went down the spectrum, noting the evidence of invisible heat die out on the scale of the instrument until he eame to the apparent end of the invisible, beyond which the most prolonged researches of investigators up to that time had shown nothing. “There he watched the indications grow fainter and fainter until they, too, ceased at the point where the French investigators believed they had found the very end of the end. By some happy thought he pushed the Indications of this delicate instrument into the region still beyond. In the still air of this lofty region the sunbeams passed unimpeded by the mists of the lower earth, and the curve of heat which had fallen to nothing began to rise again. There was something there! For he found, suddenly, unexpectedly, a new spectrum of great extent, wholly unknown to science and whose presence was revealed by the bolometer.” Thus the way was prepared for the detection of coronium. During the solar eclipse of May 28, 1900, Professor Abbott, with the aid of Professor Mendenhall, was able to measure the heat of the corona, apd that was probably the first time that it was really shown to exist. Here, again, the spectroscope, photography and the bolometer rendered great service. The sun as ordinarily Been is bound- ' ed by the so-called photosphere and is really but a small part of the true sun. Outside the photosphere is an envelope composed mainly of hydrogen, and outside of thiß there is another envelope which has been called the corona. The beautiful photograph, taken in May of 1900, which accompanies this article, illustrates this part of the sun. It is estimated that the height of the corona in the sun’s atmosphere is a matter of half a million miles; and it Is believed that toward the photosphere the heat is so Intense that the chemical elements are dissociated Into finer forms of matter. In the

NEW SOURCE OF PAPER-PULP

Diseovery May Put End to Problam That Haa Been Worrying Newspaper Publlahers. Several promising sources of. pa-per-pulp ware recently noted in these eolumns. Another may now be added to the list —'the wide-spread and lutrdjr plant, broom corn. Successful experiment* with this have been made in Italy. In Prometheus (Berlin) we read*

cooler regions of the sun's atmosphere, near the boundaries of the corona, vapors give place to solid particles and masses. The corona intercepts enormous quantities of heat from the sun, and in this seething zone coronium is born, at least, so says the spectroscope. The nearest approach we have in nature and upon this globe to the Intensely heated atmosphere of the corona of the sun is in the molten masses deep in the earth. The only normal outward .evidence of this combustion is that afforded by active volcanoes. Accordingly, we might reasonably expect some of these to exhale coronium, and such indeed ias been found to be the case. About 15 years ago Professor Nasini of the of Padua, Italy, submitted a note to the French academy in which he declared that he had found coronium in the gases taken from the crater of Vesuvius. In view of this volcanoes may assume a new "importance along practical lines, and even dead craters may prove of use, because within the lava may be found the material from which coronium may be manufactured. Hitherto hydrogen has been the unit of weight by which the specific gravity of other gases has been measured. Hydrogen is about twelve times as light as the air we breathe. Now comes coronium, which 1b 16 times as light as hydrogen, and therefore 192 times as light as air. It is easy to realize what this would mean to aeronautics if the new found gas could be produced in large quantities. There are some hardheaded scientists, however, who are not encouraging, and among them is Dr. Rankine, who is associated with Sir Willim Ramsay. Dr. Rankine says: “Personally I cannot see that even when found coronium will he of much use to airships. One thing against it will be its' elusiveness. Helium is four times heavier than hydrogen, but it manages to creep out of any receptacle we can devise. It escapes from us almost as rapidly as we collect it.” But other men of science reply that this is really a mechanical problem and Is quite apart from the ( productloiT of coronium. Electricity is elusive enough, they point out, and yet man has found ways to control it. Anyhow enthusiasts of a so-called scientific turn have already been giving their imaginations full play, and If coronium can be produced here they predict a revolution in aerostatics. One of them has said that we need not worry about the days to come when the light of the sun grows dim and this globe of ours becomes too chilly for comfort. When that time arrives the frostbitten human denizens of this sphere can take passage in airships, thanks to coronium, and sail away to any distant planet that may seem more habitable. He hedges, however, by saying that thisywill not be necessary for a million 'years to come, and by that time, he hopefully concludes, means will have been discovered by which it will be possible to combat atmospheric conditions during the trip from the earth to the other world. One of these conditions is a lack of oxygen. A short while ago three meteorological experts went up in a balloon to a height of 33,000 feet, and at that altitude life was sustained only by breathing through a special respirator that supplied them with fresh oxygen. The Germans have actually prepared a breathing apparatus which will sustain aeronauts up to a height of 50,000 feet —at least this has been established by laboratory experiments. The lK|ing power of 1,000 cubic feet of coal gaß is equal to about 14 pounds, while a similar volume of hydrogen will raise 70 pounds. Hydrogen’s lightness, despite its elusiveness. therefore, has so far made It the best obtainable buoyant agent for aircraft. The latest Zeppelin airships have gib bags which have a capacity of nearly 700,000 cubic feet, have a diameter of 40 odd feet and are of 500

“The fibrous twigs are broken in a sort of flax-breaker, then treated for a considerable length bf time with caustic soda lye, and afterward put through the breaking machine a second time. The mass is freed of moisture by means of hydraulic presses, after which it is separated into fibers, washed and bleached. The material thus obtained sdlls for about a cent a pound, and is of excellent quality, suitable for making the best grades of paper. The liquid pressed out from the pulp Is a valuable by-

THE EVENING. REPUBLICAN, RENSSELAER, IND.

feet and more in length. The biggest of these have a total lifting capacity of 20 tons. If coronium could, be employed instead of hydrogen, an airship of the same lifting capacity would have a total length of a trifle over 200 feet and its maximum diameter would be considerably less than twenty feet. In the place of gas bags holding 700,cubic feet of hydrogen its containers would have within them bub 43,000 cubic feet of the lighter gas. The smaller airship would obviously be cheaper to construct, speedier and more manageable.* It would be able to stay afolt longer and sail further. The best of the Zeppelins have remained aloft about thirty-five hours, and this is suggestive of what the more mobile smaller and swifter airship could do when sustained by means of coronium. There is another phase of aeronautics in which cornium • would be of great value. Meterorologists have been reaching ever higher'into the atmospheric zones in their endeavor to determine the conditions that prevail there. Sounding balloons charged with hydrogen have been used to take temperatures at different heights up to fifteen miles. Could coronium be used instead of hydrogen the ocean of air could be penetrated a great deal further and possibly astonishing information would be obtained. One remarkable discovery has already resulted from the use of sounding balloons. Theoretically the temperature of the air falls one degree Fahrenheit for approximately every 300 feet of ascent, and this rate of reduction was supposed to go on reguraly. It is now established that within the lower two miles of the atmosphere this rule is frequently reversed. Above this, however, there is more regularity. Formerly it was supposed that this went on unbrokenly until the cold of distant space was reached, something in the neighborhood of absolute zero. When the sounding balloon records were accumlated one of the (first facts apparent was that at a height, generally of something like six miles, the temperature actually ceased to fall and even tended to rise. This continues to be the case as far as the sounding balloons have gone afolt. This zone of comparatively mild temperature is also apparently a region of relative calm, but we do not yet know how far heavenward this stratum extends. So far consideration has been given only to the services that coronium may fill for man because of its lightness, but who shall say that there are not other ways in 'which it may act helpfully? It is the unsuspected properties of radium that have proved of the utmost value since its discovery. Perhaps coronium may hold pos. sibilities of an equally important nature.

His Lordship’s Beard.

A certain peer, who had a very long and very bushy beard, had dismissed his valet for the night. Shortly afterward, however, he was much annoyed to hear peals of laughter from below, and called back to the man to explain. The valet answered that it was just a little joke, but his lordship would have none of it, and demanded the details, angrily. "Well, admitted the man, with reluctance, “it was really a little game we were having, my lord.” “What game?” "Well, my lord, a kind of guessing game.” “Don’t be a fool, Waters! I rang for you in order to get an explanation. What guessing game were you playing? Guessing what?” “We blindfolded the cook, to tell the truth, my lord, and then one of us kissed her, and she had to guesß who it was. The footman held the mop up and she kissed it, and the* cried out: ‘Oh, your lordship! vHow dare you! *”

product, since its high content of hikali makes it useful in the soap industry.”—Translation made for > The Literary Digest.

Acute Business Man.

Prospective Tenant—-" Number tlrteen? It might nod be lucky to live In a house vot vas number t’irteen.* Agent—“ You don’t believe in such" nonsense as that?” Prospective Tenant —“Veil, vot reductioh vill you make in der rent if I take der chances?" —Puck.

FOR THE YOUNG LADY

DAINTY MODELS IN PLENTY MARK THE BEASON.

Ingenue Has Been as Well Taken Care of as Her Elders—Checked and Plaid Materials Are Both Popular.

Unfortunately in our country too many young girls are dressed according to their whims rather than according to the canons of good taste, and too many mothers are weakly indulgent rather than wisely authoritative in this matter of dress for their daughters. The fault Is not so common as it once was. Standards are better. With a tailored coat and skirt there should go at least one' pretty, dark blouse matching the suit, and these little dark blouses of silk or chiffon are often brightened up by a bit of colored embroidery or white lace frills.

One or two waists of fine lingerie, silk or cotton crepe may be added to the list, and perhaps an additional wuist or two of the fine light wash flannels may be useful for outing wear. There are many one-piece simple frocks being made up for young girls’ wear in serge, silk, poplin, cashmere and other light weight wools which are practical and attractive, and inexpensive little afternoon and dinner frocks are made up on much the same lines, but with a. touch of more festive color or detail. The coat and skirt of the moment are lengthened at the back, the fronts being cut away in shaped or rounded

In Dark Blue Silk.

effects, and are either seml-fltted or on the youthful Russian lines. An attractive street frock Is of dark blue wool poplin. The jacket has long shawl rovers which fasten at the waistline by a single large button. A small shaped collar of velvet falls over the shawl collar at the shoulder and back, the body of the jacket has a peplum attached at the sides

QUAINT STYLES IN FICHUS

Immense Variety Designs With Cuffs to Match—The CorsetCover Gulmpe.

Fichus are very popular and are made in a great variety of designs with cuffs to match. Frequently they are combined with the De Medici collar. There are quaint styles fitting over the shoulders and edged with pleatlngs of net or lace. Pleated collars of net, lace or chiffon, or a combination of lace with the other materials are made sufficiently long to stand high about the neck and to extend down on either side of the coat or dress to the waist line. These collars will be worn either on the dress or'on the coat, being in all white, or black and white combinations. The edges of full-length sleeves are often finished with pleat* lng, which sometimes extends around the neck of the dress and on either Side of the vest. Something very new is the corsetcover gulmpe, which fills the requirements both of a corset-cover and a gulmpe. There are gulmpes with round, square or pointed necks, finished in ruffles, frills. Medici, fichu and other forms, from the simplest to the most elaborate. Some of the handsomest are for evening wear, made of chiffon In delicate evening shades and decorated with beaded motifs, bands or embroidery. Silk and chiffon are used for little novelty bows. Butterflies of tulle are worn at the neck, or at the waist line, Just as the single rose is worn. Vsstees of satin, moire silk, persian silk, brooada, etc., are made either

FOR THE NEEDLES AND PINS

Dainty Little Article That Has Distinct Value In Every dewing Room or Boudoir.

TWs handy little article consists of a fleu cushion, suspended from which is a little bqpk for needles. The cushion might be made about five inches wide and 4% deep, it is covered with a piece of soft silk or satin and edged with cord. The needle book has a back of cardboard the same width as the cushion, which is

covered with satin; Inside this are leaves of fine white flannel pinked at the edges; then over all is a leaf of the satin on which the word “Needles” is embroidered. The back is edged with cord to match cushion and Is sewn to one of the loops of cord on each side. The cushion may be suspended from a nail on the wall, or in any convenient place by the loop of cord at top,

and back, under the stitched belt of the material. Another extremely girlish model is made of corduroy trimmed with braid, buttons and has a black collar. Very smart checked and plaid materials are combined with plain materials for young girls’ wear, and often one sees one-piece frocks of plain material with plaid trimmings.

DICTATES OF FASHION

Gulmpes for frocks and blouses are often of shadow laces in white and ecru as well as fine nets. Meteor moires, broche charmeuses, pompadour foulards and broohe crepes are used for lovely frocks. Bright colored handkerchiefs— French and Irish —remind one of the vogue for the new art combinations and designs. Long sleeves and low necks are some of the contradictory yet frequently seen things in feminine blouses for summer wear. Cotton fabrics of soft, thick pile and beautiful colorings are to be had for wraps. Some shops call them cotton velvets. ■ ; The newest separate blouses are designed with yokes. The parts of these waists are generously, full back and front.

About Real Lace.

Never wash real lace, as It is very bad for it and sometimes ruins It, but clean it in the following manner: Put the lace between layers of tissue paper, well sprinkled with powdered magnesia, and place It between the leaves of a book, peeping a heavy weight on top of the bopk for three or four days. Then shake the powder out and the lace is perfectly clean and looks like new.

single or* double breasted, and ar« often trimmed with pipings of a cost trasting color.

Velvet Hats.

The fashion for summer velvet hats is one which appeals to the economical woman; for the velvet hat bought In August can be made to do service under very cold weather. As a between-season hat a velvet one 1b especially suitable. It Is really light and cool to wear, made as it is today. Most of them are mounted on canvas frames, and the crowns are soft and only lined with a single thickness of china silk or thin canton flannel. The flannel Is ÜBed to give body and shape to the velvet crown. These hats are made In Bmall shapes, but they sit well up on the head and show a good deal of' hair, over the ears and on the forehead. They are variously trimmed, but hot elaborately. Usually wings or ribbon or both combined form their trimming.

Large Stones the Rags.

Rings are enjoying wonderful popularity. Not the small, modest kind, but rings with stones or settings as big as buttons. The largest stones are turquoise, or scarabs, flecked with brown. It Is highly probable that such stones are counterfeit, but they are handsome, and fit in well with ideas of the momeht, which call for effeets that are antique and barbaric. Tiny gems and settings may be very refined, but they are not conspicuous enough to be modish. Really, the more heavy a stone or setting, the more stunning it is now considered.

MARY DEAN.

Backache Isa Warning Thousands suffer kidney ills unawares —not knowing that Vw' the backache, head- . aches,and dull,nerv- ■ ous, dizzy, all fired l /iff condition are often y>4 due to kidney weakq ness alone. Anybody who snf- T) fjj fers constantly from backache should sus- pjj pect the kidneys. Some irregularity of the secretions may give the needed Doan's Kidney j Pills have been cur- “ . ing backache and sick kidneys for over m —■ fifty yfears. I \SZ2%F A Mtaaaaota Com Mrs. Anna Bossard, 71 Sycamore St* St. Pant, Minn., says; “I suffered terribly and doctors couldn’t help mo. 1 was so helpless with the pain In my back I couldn’t tnrn in bed. 1 grew thin and hadterrlbledinyspells. Doan’s Kidney Pills cured, me and today I am in perfect health. Get Doan’s at Any Store, 50c ■ Box D OAN’S “rVLIV FOSTER-MILBURN CO.. BUFFALO, N. Y. 1 Have been a standard Household Remedy Since 1837 Use them for all forms of illness arising from DISORDERED' STOMACH OR LIVER and all ailments proceeding from Deranged Digestive System GREAT OPPORTUNITIES IN WESTERN CANADA Do yon want to know about Winnipeg and Manitoba? Its Remarkable Growth? Its Building Operations? Inducements to Manufacturers and Capitalists? Its Electrics Power and Light at Cost? Its Splendid Farming Lands? Its Unequalled Railway Facilities? Its Proximity to the Best Markets’ Its Educational Advantages? Its Churches and Schools, etc., etc.? Then send your name for an Illustrated number of , “GREATER WINNIPEG” WINNU 1 aG e SA ! fuR d DA/pOSavmmUpeg .Manitoba

LIGHTNING FROM FOG BANK

Captain of Pacific Coast Schooner Tells of Btrange Bombardment of His Vessel. Capt. A. Sunderberg of the steam schooner Wasp, which plies between Seattle and California ports, reports a strange experience at sea on August 7. In a report made to the Hydrographic office Captain Sunderberg says that at 10 p. m., when six miles east by south of Point Conception, his vessel ran into a thick fog hank which hung close to the water! Without the fog rising In the least, a violent electric storm broke out, and for one hour and 14 minutes the blanket of heavy mist was pierced continually by discharges of atmospheric electricity and vivid flashes of angular zigzag and forked lightning. At 12:15 a. in., August 8, the steel foremast of the Wasp became charged with electricity from the top down to the spring stay. Captain Sunderberg says this was not the usual display of St. Elmo fire, as the mast gave out loud reports as If from a powerful wireless apparatus. While the vessel was bombarded by lightning which coursed down her main mast, her officers and crew did not venture on deck.

Not Mercenary.

“I have a friend who just married for money.” “Why, how disgraceful!” “N®, not exactly. You see, he’s a minister.” —Cornell Widow.

And Very Far.

"Gossips are not reliable persons." “Yet whatever they say, goes.”

DIDN’T KNOW That Coffee Was Causing Her Trouble.

So common 1b the use of coffee as a beterage, many do not know that it is tue cause of many obscure alls which are often attributed to other things. The easiest way to find out for oneself is to quit the coffee for a while, at least, and note results. A Virginia lady found out in this way, and also learned of a new beverage that is wholesome as well as pleasant to drink. She writes: “I am 40 years old and all my life, up to a year and a half ago, I had been a coffee drinker. “Dyspepsia, severe headaches and heart weakness made me feel sometimes as though I was about to die. After drinking a cup or two of hot coffee, my heart would go like a clock without a pendulum. At other times it would almost stop and I was so nervous I did not like to be alone. “If I took a walk for exercise, as soon as I was out of sight of the house I’d feel as if I was sinking, and this would frighten me terribly. My limbs would utterly refuse to support me, and the pity of it all was, I did not know that coffee was causing the trouble. “Reading in the papers that many persons were relieved of such ailments by leaving off coffee and drinking Post* um, I got my husband to bring home a package. We made it according to directions and I liked the first cup. Its rich, snappy flavor wan delicious. "i have been using Postum about eighteen months and to my great joy, digestion is good, my nerves and heart are all right, in fact, I am a well woman once more, thanks to Postum.” Name given by Postum Co., Battle Creek, Mich. Write 1 for copy of the Uttle book, “The Road to Wellville.” Postum ooraes in two forma: Regular Postum—must be well boiled. Instant Postum is a soluble powder. A teaspoonful dissolves quickly in a cup of hot water and, with cream and sugar, makes a delicious beverage inatantly. Grocers sell both kinds. "There’s a reason" for Postum.