Evening Republican, Volume 17, Number 224, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 19 September 1913 — Page 3

PASSING of the PANAMA RAILWAY

Colon, C. Z.—With the completion/)! the Panama canal the Importance of the Panama railway will decline almost to the vanishing point. For nearly sixty years this railway has been carrying i»eople and freight from ocean to ocean. Though only 47 miles long, it has been, for certain periods, one of the most important and most interesting railroad lines in the world. During the building of the canal, under the ownership of the "United States, it has become one of the best equipped and most efficient of railways. It has given great help in the construction of the canal that will prove its virtual death. The finding of gold in California was the cause of the building of the Panama railroad. For long years before the wild rush of argonauts in 1849 the Isthmus was almoet forgotten by the civilized world, but when thp yellow metal was discovered on the west coast it became once more a great trade route. In order to avoid the long trip across the plains in “prairie schooners,** thousands of ’gold-seekers went by Mat to Chagres, up the Char gres river to Gorgona or Cruces and thence over the old Spanish road to Panama. This, too, was a long route and in the rainy season a painful and dangerous one because of the prevalence of disease. To the rescue of the gold hunters came three hold Americans, W. H. Aspinwall, Henry Chauncey and John L. Btevena. In 1848 these men had asked the government of New Granada for a concession for the road, and in 1850 Stevens obtained it at Bogota. The Pacific termius could not be otherwise than at Panama, but at first the harbor of Porto Bello was selected for the Atlantic terminus. However, a New York speculator spoiled this plan by buying up all the land about the harbor and holding it at a very high price, •o Navy Bay was chosen instead. When work on the line was begun in May, 1850, there was no celebration, no turning of the first spadeful of earth with a golden shovel. Two Americans with a gang of Indians landed on Manzanillo island, now the site of the city of Colon, then a desolate, uninhabited spot, and began the tremndoue task of clearing the route through the dense jungle. The surveying party suffered intensely, for the land was so swampy and so infested with malaria and yellow fever bearing mosquitoes that they were compelled to sleep aboard a ship. Much of the time they carried their lunches tied on their heads and ate them standing waist-deep in the water. The efforts of the company to obtain laborers were attended by a terrible tragedy. Eight hundred Chinese were brought over from Hong Kong, but within a week of their landing scores of them died. Opium was given the survivors and for a short time checked the ravages of disease. But the supply of the drug was shut off on account of its cost, and again the deaths became numerous. The poor Orientals in despair began to commit suicide, some by hanging, others by Impalement, while some deliberately sat down upon the seashore and waited for. the rising tide to overwhelm them. In a few weeks scarce two hundred were left, and these, broken in health and spirits, were sent to Jamaica. * Another shipload of laborers, this time from Ireland, met no better fate, for nearly every man died. The material difficulties that confronted the railway builders are thus summarized by Tomes in his “Panama In 1855:*’ “The isthmus did not supply a single resource necessary for the undertaking. Not only the capital, skill and enterprise, but the labor, the wood and iron, the daily food, the clothing, the roof to cover and the instruments to work with came from abroad. . . . Most of the material used'for the construction of the road was brought from vast distances. Although the country abounded in forests, it was found necessary, from the expense of labor and the want of routes of communication, to send the timber, for the most part, from the United States, and not only were the rails, to a considerable extent, laid on American pine, but the bridges, and the houses and workshops of the various settlements were of the same wood, all fashioned In Maine and Georgia. The metal work, the rails, the locomotives and the tools were brought either from England or the United States. The daily food of the laborers, even, came from a New York market” The first section of the road was laid through a mangrove swamp in which no bottom was found, the tracks being floated on an Immense pontoon. By October, 1851, eight miles had been completed and solid ground was reached at Gatun. Lack of funds now began to hamper the builders. In-

by E.W.PICKARD

vectors In the stater had become discouraged and the cost of labor had advanced. But a hurricane camt) to the rescue, Two ships loaded with goldseekers were forced to anchor near Manzanillo island and the passengers paid the company a handsome sum to carry them to Gatun in work cars. The news that the road had carried more than a thousand passengers reached New York and funds again flowed Into the coffers of the company. As the work progressed passengers were hauled longer and longer distances and before the line was completed the receipts from passengers and freight were considerably above $2,000,000. The last rails were laid the night Of January 27, 1855, and the next day the first train passed clear across the isthmus from the Atlantic to the Pacific. The entire cost of the road up to December 31, 1858, had been something less than $8,000,000 and its gross earnings in the same time were a little more than that sum. The rate across the isthmus was put at $25 gold, being intended to bo to a certain extent prohibitive until they could get things into good running order, but so great was the volume of travel that the rate was not reduced for more than twenty years. Soon afte? its opening the road began to declare 24 per cent dividends, and at one time its stock went up to 350. In the *6o’s the.company fell on hard times. It lost much of its freight traffic, was held up by the politicians in Bogota and then suffered by the com'pletion of the Union Pacific railroad. Next Russell Sage and others like him got control of the directorate and wrecked the road. When de Lesseps came over to dig a canal his company bought up the stock and used the road to help in its work. Then in 1904 the United States bought out the French company and also acquired the railway and so it became the first American road to be owned by the government. So economically and efficiently has it been conducted since then that it is cited as an argument for the government ownership of all our railways. The building of the canal and especially the creation of the artificial Gatun lake made necessary the relocation of the Panama railroad along most of its route. The old roadbed now is under water for much of the way, the old line still in use being only about seven miles in length, from Colon to Mlndi and from Corozal to Panama. From Mindi to Gatun the grade ascends to 95 feet above tide level. From Gatun ttye road runs east until it is four and a half miles from the canal, and then squth again on great embankments across the Gatun valley. Along this stretch passengers obtain an unusual .view. Because of the construction of the Gatun dam across the channel of the Chagres river, the Chagres valley and all its tributary valleys have been converted into a lake with an area of about 164 square miles. The Gatun valley is one of these drowned arms and as the train crosses, wide stretches of water are to be seen'on both sidbs of the track. Down below the surface are still visible the tops of giant trees that have been killed by submergence, and along the edges of the lake the tallest and hardiest of the trees reach thlr dead limbs above the waters. Here and there is a pretty little island that not long ago was the summit of a hill, and the shore line is most picturesquely broken up by capes, peninsulas and bays. From Monte Lirlo the line skirts the shore of the lake to the beginning of the Culebra cut at Bas Obispo. Originally it was intended to carry the railroad through.the Culebra cut on a 40foot beam along the east side, ten feet above water level, but this plan was knocked out by the slides and breaks. The line was carried around Gold Hill to a distance of two miles from the canal until it reached the Pedro Miguel valley, down which it runs to Paraiso and the canal again. Thence it runs almost parallel with the channel tq Panama. There are two big steel bridges on the line. One, near Monte Lirlo, has a center lift sjan to permit access to the upper arm of Gatun lake; the other, a quarter of a mile long, across the Chagres riror at Gamboa. The total cost of building the new line of the railway $8,866,392. In addition, a large sum has been expended in increasing the tormina] facilities. Of course, even after the ouial is opened, the railway will have a good deal of business, transporting Jteople and goods between Colon and Panama, and serving the needs of the operating forces of the canal. But its days of glory have departed, and J. A. Lmlth, the American who has been iti efficient general superintendent, recognising that fact, has resigned and returned to the stalest

THE EVENING REPUBLICAN, RENSSELAER, IND.

PRINCESS IS FOUND

World-Wide Search Locates Woman in New York. Czar of Russia’s Agents Locate Wife of Officer in His Own Imperial Cavalry—She Wanted to Be an Actress. New York.—Princess Olga Golitzine, wife of Prince Andre Golitzine, an officer of the czar’s own imperial cavalry, who has been missing for three months, was found in New York by the Russian secret service in a world-wide search. The princess has gone home. She had, while here, been in the care of Pierre de Routsky, acting Russian consul general. The princess, who is practically penniless, having pawned her jewels in a mad flight to various cities of the east, was located in the Holland apartments, 66 West Forty-sixth street Born a princess of the house of Tcherkasskia, a family reputed to be as old as the Romanoff dynasty, and married at sixteen into the house of Golitzine, the vivacious Olga left the pomp and ceremony of the Russian court for a career on the stage in New York city. She wanted to be an actress, but in the last month her dreams have been shattered. After a flight across Europe, which proved the platitude that fact is always robbing fiction, she must, as she confessed, return across the Atlantic at the urgent demand of the Russian government -- Reports that the companion of the princess on her hurried flight from Russia was a well-to-do American led to rumors that she had eloped. He passed much time with her on shipboard and at the New Willard hotel during her stay in Washington, whither she first journeyed after landing, It was said. The noblewoman insisted, however, that her only companion had been an English woman, who had assisted her in leaving her native land after being told of the princess’ desire for freedom and a career on the stage in America. Continental society, already astonished by her appearance early last winter on the stage of the Imperial theater, in St. Petersburg, was shocked when it was learned that she. had disappeared. The czar, angry because of her theatrical debut, had ostracized her from court, but when she disappeared that mysterious system which coven Europe- like a net, the Russian secret service, was set kt work. For weeks the efforts of the secret police were of no avail. Prince Andre, who she says stormed so violently when she appeared on the stage, that ho forced a separation, was heartbroken, she asserted. Finally, a few weeks ago, the czar’s agents discovered that she had been at the New Willard hotel in Washington. After a call from an attache of the Russian embassy there she fled to New York, and stopped for several days at the Knickerbocker hoteL Again she was discovered, she said, and took an apartment at the West Forty-sixth, street address. But her flight availed her nothing, and, practically without funds, she agreed to go home. Acting Russian Consul de Routsky bays that the father of the princess was an officer in the Imperial guards and one of the proudest and oldest families in Russia. The Golitzine family is one of the most prominent In Russia and, best known in Europe, ,he said. The 1912 edition of the Almanac of St. Petersburg shows Prince Andre -Golitzine to be the fifth son of Prince Alexandre Borissovitch Golitzine, equarry to the court of the czar, curateur of Moscow and marshal 'to the governor of Waldlmlr. Prince Andre was born in October, 1889. Princess Olga Alexandrovna is the daughter of Prince Dimitri Tcherkassky, marshal in the Odessa district of Russia.

KISSING IN THE PARK IS 0. K.

Snail Boys Who Interrupt Are Extremely Mean, Says Philadelphia* Magistrate. I hiladelphla. Pa. —The annoying of sweethearts will be stopped, and Philadelphia will have in Fairmount Park the greatest spooning ground in the world. And, in his efforts to put Fairmount Park on the map of paradise, Capt Duncan, chief of the park guard, will have the co-operation of the city magistrates, as an incident showed. Magistrate Morris, In whose court two boys were arraigned on charges of having “dogged” or annoyed couples in Fairmount Park, took the same view as Capt. Duncan. “I’m against flirting or misconduct in the park.” said Capt Duncan, "but I am not going to see real lovers annoyed or abused. The shady nooks and quiet spots in the park offer ideal places for love making, and as long as young persons do not overstep the bounds of propriety I am going to encourage making the park the world’s best spooning place. This business of frightening sweethearts just when they are engaged* tn kissing is the meanest trick I know of.” _

Man Dynamites Himself.

Altoona, Pa.—Placing two sticks of dynamite tn his vest pocket, Henry Boldt applied a match to the fusee and was blown to pieces. Many windows of residences were shattered and surrounding the body an immense hole was torn in the ground. Boldt had been in bad health.

RECORD-BREAKING FLIER AND FAIR RIVAL

After C. Murvin Wood broke the American record for long distance nonstop aeroplane flight by flying from New York to Washington he was greeted at Fort Myer by Miss Bernetta Miller, also well known as an aviator and whose ambition is to eclipse Wood's record.

MAD STEER ATTACKS WOMAN

Red Petticoat Inflames Animal to the Point of Making Vigorous Protest. Niagara Falls, Ont. —A dove of steers, a-washerwoman, an angry husband and a drover comprised the cast of characters in as lively a one act drama as was ever witnessed in real life anywhere. The pity le that the act was not immortalized by the camera man. The drover came along the road into Falls View with the cattle. In the bunch was one obstreperous fellowthat had been acting up bad all afternoon. Whenever he came to a cross road he decided to take it whether it was right or wrong. Away over in a field was a small shack domicile, in which live an inoffensive Austro-Hungarian couple. The woman was busily engaged with her washing while the husband was sitting in the doorway smoking hie pipe, thinking of the war over on the borders of his home land. The woman also wore a red petticoat, and the fence was down between her and the cattle. The frolicsome bullock spied the red petticoat and made four leaps toward it In the middle of the fifth he lowered his head and struck the woman and tossed her lightly in the air. She came down with a dull splash in the tub of water. The angry husband was on his feet in a minute. In another he had his shotgun in hand and he gave chase after the herd of cattle and their drover. The latter took refuge behind a friendly barn some distance down the road. Then he saw a cloud of duet behind his flying herd and the angry husband giving chase with his gun. He just leaned up against the friendly old barn and said to the neighbors between his sobs: “Please excuse the steers.”

ENJOYING DAY AT SEASHORE

Lauretta Taylor on the Shore of Loqg Island Sound Near Her Bummer Home. New York.—Here is Murette Taylor on the shore of Long Island sound, near her summer home at Larchmont

A Day at the Seashore.

She is just as spontaneous and funloving off the stage as she was in “Peg o’ My Heart” last winter.

Eagle Carries Off Child.

Geneva, Switzerland. —An enormous eagle carried off a woodcutter’s child, aged four, when it was playing near h|m as he was working in the forest A thorough search was made but no trace of the eagle or its prey was found.

Lightning’s Queer Trick.

Morristown, Pa.—While in bathing in the river here, Thomas Nevin was struck by lightning and stunned. The electricity entered a silver wire which had been placed in his knee cap after an injury some years ago.

CRIME TRUST RICH

Fences That Split Truck and Loft Thieves’ Loot * Operations of Bandits Are Revealed—* Six Men Comprise the “Receivers’" Trust—Estimated ss r 000,000 Stolen Annually. New York. —Crime is syndicated in New York. There is the pickpockets* trust and the extortioners’ trust and the arson trust, but the biggest of all is the receivers* trust “fiix men,” said Morris B. Moskowitz, assistant district attorney, “comprise the ‘receivers’ trust’ It has been estimated by the Merchants* association that goods to the value of $5,000,000 are stolen annually from the piers and lofts of New York dty. A great share of the stolen staff passes through the hands of the rw ceivers* trust They make wore money than any other group of crime operators in New York.” That means that they make more money than any other group of crime operators in the world, for New York is admittedly the richest field. Mr. Moskowitz did not attempt to compart the total graft in the tenderloin with the illicit gains of the six little fences, who handle the goods stolen from store and warehouse.

“But it is safe to say that by comparison the takings of any other group in the city are lean as mountain bacon." he said. “We hear a great deal about the wire mob. But the wire mob only works once in a while—and then its members scatter for safety. “The receivers* trust works all the time. It is as regular in the conduct of its business as if licensed by the state. You can order stolen goods by telephone or order goods stolen by telephone." Nor did Mr. Moskowitz try to estimate their net profits. Evidently they must share their loot liberally with some one of the privileges of doing business. Isidor Rader, now under conviction in the Tombs, was one of the principal independent operators before his fall. Rader has been candid about his business. "I was a fence for fifteen years almost without interference,” said he. "But I didn’t make much money, although i had 150 thieves working for me at one time. It took too much to keep the police quiet "I had to turn over three of my best hauls to one copper. He split with them fifty-flfty, and I didn’t get anything out of them at all. And there was a guy who didn’t trust any one. He made ’em work where he could watch them. Any time there was anything coming off you bet he got his share." Mr. Moskowitz thinks fully $2,000,000 of the goods stolen from loft and truck and piers pass through the hands of the “six little fences.” His investigations have convinced him their business is well systematized. They have their lawyers and their bondsmen, and their witnesses ready to respond to a telephone call like a bunch of amateur firemen. “I was a little bit in doubt about one man we had under arrest,” said Mr. Moskowitz. “But when his case was called in court I knew be was guilty. There was the trust lawyer, who always defends the trust cases, and the trust detective, who scares away or buys off the state’s witnesses. Later the professionally weeping mother and the professional wife and even an innocently professional babe, appear in court As soon as I saw that squad I knew I had my man." Judge Edward Swann of the criminal court has long been an interested watcher of the crime syndicates here. “It is my belief,” said he, “that every form of predatory crime is somewhat compactly organized. I have referred to the pickpockets* syndicate, for example. I think the use of that term is justified. There are no boards of directors, of course, and no stockholders. But there is a workable organization that is in constant play."

Practical Fashions

CHILD'S ONE PIECE DRESS.

This style spells comfort for the wearer. The outer dress is in one piece and under it are bloomers attached to an underwaist A wide band is placed low down on the body for effect but it can be omitted when it interferes with comfort These dresses are made of gingham duck'or galatea. The dress pattern (6301) is cut in sizes 2,4, 6 and 8 years. Medium size requires 3 yards of 27 or 36-tnch material with three-eighths yards of 36-inch lining for underwaist To procure this pattern send 10 cents to "Pattern Department," of this paper. Write name ana adlress plainly, and be sure to give size and number of pattern.

wa No. 6301. - NAMK —m-m-. TOWN - -mm—m. STRKKT AND Na BTATK m. ——

GIRLS DRESS.

The pleated style is always beeohs* tog to little girls and it shows to advantage to rather stiff materials, such as linen, duck, poplin, heavyweight gingham and the like. This model has three pleats to front and back, a round neck and long or short sleeves. A belt completes the dress. The dress pattern (6287) is cut in sizes 6,8, 10 and 12 years. Medium size requires 3H yards of 36-inch material. * ToprocnretMs pattern send » cents to Tattern Department," of this paper. Write name and ad drees plainly, andbe sure to give else and number of pattern.

Na 6287. KZB NAMK TOWN mm. STRKKT AND N0..■■■■>,................. ST AT8.... .... 1... mm M .M. MM MM

Old Lady Some Pedestrian.

In 1851 an old Cornish fishwife of elghty-four, named Mary Callinack, walked from Penzance to London to see the great exhibition in park. The distance Is nearly 300 flies. The old lady created a sensatifl and was noticed by Queen Victoria. She had vowed to call on the lord mayor before returning, and she carried out her Intention, but, of course, was not permitted to walk bacsfe*

Up Against It

"You have said you would do anything to prove your love for me." “Yes—only put me to the test" "Please ask mamma for the next dance. She hasn’t waltzed for twenty years and Is dying to try It again."

Works Both Ways.

"De man dat don’t trust anybody," said Uncle Eben, "is mighty liable to figure out moral responsibilities in a way dat'll prevent anybody rum trustin’ him.”

Unworried.

"Doesn’t It ever make yon unhappy to see the way the papers refer to your husband as a grafter?" "It used to, hat I don't let It bother me any more. He says he has things fixed so that be could stand any kind of an investigation."

Two Classes.

The people of this world *rs divided into two classes —those who ure able to have drawing-rooms when they start cn their wedding Journeys and those who are not.