Evening Republican, Volume 17, Number 164, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 11 July 1913 — Page 3

CIVIL WAR

FIFTY YEARS AGO THIS WEEK

June 28, 1863. Lee threatened Harrisburg and there was some fighting near that city, bnt Meads began to move to the rear of the Confederate army through the passes of South mountain and Lee, seeing he must stake the campaign on a battle, began concentrating-at Gettysburg. The Confederates burned the great bridge over the Susquehanna near Columbia. Several companies of the Philadelphia Custom House regiment were captured. Lieut. Col. Sickles and twenty men of the Twentieth Pennsylvania were made prisoners at Wrightsville, Pa. Governor Tod issued an urgent appeal to the people of Ohio to organize for the defense of their state. June 29, 1863. The Confederate General Ewell marched southwardly from Carlisle toward Gettysburg, and Longstreet and A. P. Hill eastwardly from Chambersburg. \ Colonel Pierce’s Federal cavalry defeated a cavalry force under Colonel Imboden at McConnellsburg. Stuart’s Confederate cavalry made almost the entire circuit of the city of Washington, nearly wlthip range of the forts. President Lincoln agreed to revoke the Vallandingham sentence on certain conditions, to which the Ohio Democratic committee was not ' empowered to consent, and the latter asked time to consult with the '’copperheads” of New York. Five barrels of lint, scraped by the ladles of Mannheim, Germany, and donated to the Union army, were received at Washington. June 30, 1863. Meade’s right was near Gettysburg and Pleasanton, perceiving the importance of the place, occupied it, anticipating the Confederates. Meade occupied Hanover and York, thus cutting Lee’S lines in two. Buford with a force of Federal cavalry occupied McPherson's ridge, beyond Cemetery ridge, west of Gettysburg. General Couch took his forces across the Susquehanna to the south bank. v The people of Baltimore were thrown into a panic by a report that Stuart was about'to raid that city. The army of the Cumberland under General Rosecrans, having forced Bragg south of the Duck river, concentrated at Manchester, Tenn. Admiral Foote was buried at New Haven, Cohn., with very imposing ceremonies.

July 1, 1863. The battle of Gettysburg began with an attack by Heth’s division of Hill’s Confederate corps on Buford's position. Though outnumbered, Buford held his ground for two hours until the arrival of General Reynolds at the head of First corps of the Federal army, which was re-enforced about 1 p. m. by the Eleventh corps under General Howard, the Federal troops now occupying ground north as well as west of Gettysburg. Early in the afternoon General Ewell arrived with his corps and took command oa the Confederate side, and about 4 p. m. the Confederates drove the Federate from the field and occupied the ground. The Federate under Hancock, who had superseded Howard by Meade’s orders, about 3:30 p. m. took up a strong position on Cemetery Ridge and Culp’s hill, which they quickly fortified. Both sides had lost heavily In killed and wounded, and the Confederates had taken a large number of prisoners. The Federate sustained their severest loss in the death of General Reynolds, who was killed by a Confederate sharpshooter early in the afternon. July 2, 1863. w Nearly the whole of each army now being in the field, the battle was resumed, Lee Disregarding the advice of Longstreet, who wished to maneuver the Federal army out of its position and get between >t and Washington. After a fierce conflict the Federate were forced to fall back on ' their main line along Cemetery Ridge. The Confederates, however, were unable to carry Round Top and Little Round Top, the pointe of greatest strategic value on the Federal left. During the engagement the Federal Generate Weed and Hazlett were killed, Vincent mortally wounded and Sickles lost his leg. On each side the losses were exceedingly heavy. Late in the afternoon, after an artillery duel lasting an hour, Early and Johnson led their divisions against the Federal right Early attacked Cemetery Hill with great vvigor, overrunning Wiedrich’s Eleventh corps and Ricketts reserve batteries, but vas finally driven back. Johnson found Culp’s Hill less strongly defended and secured a substantial foothold there which he held over night Pickett’s division of Longstreet's corps arrived toward night July 3, 1893. Lee ordered Longstreet a to send iPickett forward to assail the Federal •center as soon as the Confederate artillery should have silenced or notice Italy weakened the batteries on the other side. Soon after noon began a terrific artillery duel, the Confederates concentrating the fire of ISO guns of Cemetery Bldgs and the Federate

replying with 70 guns under the dtie* tkm of General Henry 9* Hunt After an hour and a half the Federal guns ceased firing to save ammunition, and this silence being misconstrued by the confederate officers, Pickett’s division of 5,000 moved fopvard, supported on the right by Wilcox with 6,000 and on the left by Pettigrew with the same number. The charge, directed against the Federal center under the immediate command of General Hancock, was one of the most magnificent in military history. Advancing steadily in face of a destrcutive, artillery fire, the Confederates passed through a terrific fire or canhister and an enfilading cannonade from a battery on Little Round Top. When within 300 yards of the Federal line they met the musketry fire of the Federal infantry. Pettigrew’s advance was utterly demoralized and Wilcox fell back and veered to the right Pickett’s men pressed on and in a hand to hand conflict carried the first Federal line, but were son driven back and were finally forced in rapid retreat, the Federate pursuing closely. According to some writers, two-thirds of Pickett’s immediate command were killed, wounded or captured. General Hancock was badly wounded. Meanwhile, on the Federal right Gregg defeated the Confederate General Stuart in a spirited cavalry engagement, and on the Federal left General Farnsworth was killed while making a cavalry charge on Longstreet’s advanced skirmishers. ' The losses in the three days’ battle were: Federala, killed, 3,072; wounded, 14,497; captured or missing, 5,434. Confederates, killed, 2,592; wounded, 12,708; captured or missing, 5,160.

July 4, 1863. Both armies at Gettysburg rested during the day, but after nightfall, under cover of darkness and heavy rain, Lee began his retreat to the Potomao river. j. President Lincoln Issued a proclamation of thanks for the victory and -of praise of the army. General Pemberton surrendered Vicksburg to General Grant after 12 days of incessant bombardment and rations of “one biscuit and a mouthful of bacon” a day had caused the Confederate garrison to show signs of mutiny. Thirty thousand prisoners and 172 pieces of artillery were cautured. During the siege the Federal losses were 9,360, and prior to the surrender the Confederates had lost about IQ,OOO. Ex-President Franklin Pierce addressing a Democratic mass meeting at Concord, N. H., called Vallandigham vthat noble martyr of free speech,” and scored President Lincoln and the administration. Federal General PrentißS defeated the Confederates under Generals Holmes and Price in an all day battle at Helena, Ark. ’ \ July 5, 1863. Confederate General Johnston, hearing of the fall of Vicksburg, fell back and occupied Jackson, Mlbb. General Grant ordered General Sherman to proceed against him. President Lincoln visited the wounded General Sickles in a Washington hospital and thanked him for his part in winning the battle of Geb tysburg. - Vallandingham, still a fugitive, arrived at Halifax, N. S. (Copyright, 1913.)

ANGER’S EFFECT ON HEALTH

Contention Is Msds That Unpleasant Emotions Lead to a General Lowering of Activity. "The general law is that all peaceful tranquil, undisturbed types of thoughts Intend to act beneficently and helpfully upon all bodily organs and functions,” says a writer in Woman’s Home Companion, “and are health producing in their results; while all of the opposite nature have disturbing,, destructive influences and tend to produce bodily disorders. Among the former are faith, hope, courage, joy, good will, sympathy, affection, magnanimity. Among the latter are fear, worry, grief, avarice, ill will, jealousy, anger, hatred. “It is an unalterable law that the mind can act and always does act either “for the health or for the disease of the body.” We have disorders and diseases corresponding to what may be termed both positive and negative perversions of thought Among the latter are fear, grief, worry, despondency. Their action upon the various bodily organs and functions seems to be of a slow, corroding, lowering of activity, and slowly poisoning nature. In brief, a falling state of the mind is followed always by a falling condition of the body. “The slightest indulgence In or control by them results In lowered vitality, and hence capability, though these results may not always be sufficient to register themselves in any ' specific form In the body. If more pronounced, or long continued, they do culminate in this way. They Interfere with the normal prooese of nutrition. They prevent the formation of lifti-giving blood, with the results of-a lowered, poorer type of body building. They attack and undermine the nerves and the entire nervous organism, resulting sometimes in nerve exhanitlon and depression, sometimes In melancholia, heart disease, insanity—sometimes even in death itself.”

Large Contract.

*T would box your ears ” said the young lady to her stupid and tiresome admirer, “If—” “If what?" he asked anxiously. "If,” she repeated, *‘X could get ■ hex levge enough for the porpoeq.”— Tlt-Btta.

ARTIST THIEF DYING

Genius, Who Is Burglar, Nears End in Prison. William Dunn Cared For by New York Salvation Army, But Ylelda . to tho Lure of Crime—Wins Governor’s Notice. New York. —Word comes from Dan nemora prison that William Dnnn, artist by temperament, burglar and highwayman because, as he said, be could not control his impulses toward crime, Is dying there of tuberculosis. As is common with sufferers from that disease, his mind at every rally builds castles for the future, all based on an honest life; but Doctor Ransom, the hospital physician, says the last stage has been reached and be may die any day.Many families In the upper part of the city have on tbelr walls examples of Dunn’s art. Although uninstructed in any school, he had the knack of reproducing familiar objects in faithful likeness, and his pencil and brush earned him an easy living when he chose to employ them. He would paint roses, looking as If fresh picked, on a common thinwood holder, the kind on which butter is trayed, and they were eagerly bought. Whenever he tried more lasting work purchasers seemed almost equally eager to buy at better prices. He never lacked a market when he wanted it, but he has spent twentyone of his thirty-seven years In prison, due to his Inability to resist the lure of crime.

In prison his work has been as prolific as circumstances would permit. The keepers have let him keep pencils In his cell and sometimes colors. There was no market there, and when he made his sketches he gave them freely to other prisoners. One of them, a picture In colore of the Virgin, was retained by the warden, who framed it and hung it in the prison chapel. It attracted the attention of Gov. ernor Dix on a visit to the prison shortly before the end of his term of office. When Warden Kaiser Informed him that a prisoner had painted it the governor said he would like to see him. Dunp was brought forward. His disease had already marked him. “Did you paint that picture?” the governor asked. “I did,” Dunn replied, timidly. "You are too good a man to be in Jail,” the governor said, “and I will see that you get out.” Other affairs must have driven the incident from the governor’s mind, for nothing came of it. Dunn began his present term of ten years in Dannemora in November, 1911. For some time before that he had occupied a basement room in the Salvation Army employment agency In Thirteenth street .west of Sixth avenue, where Envoy Thomas Anderson, who looks after discharged and paroled prisoners, had fitted him out with working material. Every night Anderson took the day’s collection Of sketches and colors to meetings where he spoke, told the story of the prisoner who was trying to get on his feet and let the audience carry the work away, leaving for it whatever money they liked. Good returns were coming in daily by this means when, suddenly and without warning, Dunn failed to appear In his basement studio. On Anderson’s regular visit to the Tombs the next Friday Dunn was there. "What was the matter?” the envoy asked. “I couldn’t help it; I always told you I couldn’t help it,” Dunn answered. “Weren’t you doing well, and didn’t we treat you nicely?” “Yes; I must be insane,” said Dunn.

QUEEN GETS SUFFRAGE PLEA

Maid of Honor Requests Ruler to Cancel Rule Against Joining Militant Boelety. London.—Honorable Mabel Gye, one of Queen Mary’s maids of honor in keen sympathy with the militant suf-

Queen Mery of England.

fragettes, has presented a petition to the queen purporting to represent the views of eight other ladles In the royal household and praying her majesty to cancel the rule recently made that no member of her household must *elong to the Women's Social and Political union, the militant suffragette organization. The queen, strongly opposed to the militants, sept no reply. Miss Gye bss offered to resign, but her resignation was not accepted.

EPOCH IN PANAMA CANAL BUILDING

An Important epoch in the history of the building of the Panama canal came May 29, when steam Bhovels Nos. 230 and 222, seen in the photograph, met opposite the town of Culebra working on the floor of the canal, and completing a channel at Its bottom level the entire length of Culebra cut.

GOLD FROM THE SEA

Two Problems Confronting Ocean’s Treasure Seekers. Air Pressure and Light—What Is Requisite for Diver In Exploring Depths Greater than a Hundred Feet. ' New York.—Hundreds of millions of dollars’ worth of gold, silver, copper and precious stones are lying on the bottom of the sea, ready to the hand of the first person who will devise means of recovering them. Inventors in every part of the world are building submarine boats, diving armor, dredging apparatus and other devices, Bolely for the purpose of finding and bringing to the surface these sunken treasures. The two main problems to be solved are those of protection against water pressure and providing light in which to work. The latter problem is more easily solved than the former. Modern developments In electric lighting make It practically certain that powerful searchlights can be devised which will give sufficient illumination for salvage operations at depths as great as 400 feet. Divers who have been down 150 feet agree that even when the sun is shining brightly the ocean depths are in semidarkness, VhiCh increases as one descends. The other and more serious problem Is that of pressure. The-ordinary diver’s equipment depends upon a constant supply of air pumped in from above, and a rubber suit with a metal helmet, all air-tight, or nearly so, to keep the water from rushing in the minute the pressure of air pumped through the hose becomes less than the water pressure from outside. Theoretically, of course, the air pressure could be maintained at a point that would equalize the water pressure, but what would become of the diver? Men working In compresed air caissons under a presure of 45 i pounds to the square Inch are risking their lives, and 45 pounds.means only a depth of 104 feet of water. At 200 feet the water pressure is a little over ,86*4 pounds to the square Inch; at 250 feet it Is over 108 pounds; at 300 feet it is 130 pounds, and many of the sunken treasures lie at even greater depths.

Very few divers have descended as deep as 100 feet One adventurous young man went down 196 feet In Puget sound, but on a second attempt his helmet was crushed by the 86 pound water pressure and he was hauled up dead. Two English naval officers are said to have desoended 210 feet, but could remain at that depth only a few seconds. The problem of getting down to the deep-lying treasure ships, therefore, is essentially one of constructing mechanism sufficiently rigid to withstand the terrific water pressure. It must carry its own supply of oxygen, since any sort of flexible air tube would be crushed flat long before a depth of 400 feet is reached, and it must be so constructed that the diver inside It can accomplish something after he reaches the wreck, even If be can do nothing more than attach a grappling hook to a copper Ingot.

The encouragement for inventors working along these lines is found In the knowledge already at hand of wrecks bearing treasure, some of which have been sunk for hundreds of years. In 1502 a Bpanish fleet carrying quantities of gold from Santo Domingo sank off the Island of Santa Lucia at an unknown depth In a hurricane that drove the ships of Christopher Columbus Into a nearby harbor for sarety. From then on. for two centuries th* record of the Spanish conquest of America is filled with reports of sunken treasure ships bearing the riches of Peru and Mexico back to Spain.

Probably no diver will ever reach the wreck of the Titanic, which lies two miles deep in mid-Atlantic, where the water pressure reaches the tremendous force of 4,674 pounds to the square Inch, but It is easily possible that some of the Inventors now working on the .main problems Involved will reap Incalculable riches from wrecks yet to be discovered at depths of a thousand feet or more.

CANNON HAS PICTURE TAKEN

Übiquitous Cigar Is Absent and “No Deck of Cards, Either,” Says Uncle Joe. Washington.—“ Uncle Joe” Cannon has had his picture taken again, but there are many who win fall to reoognlze him. The familiar cigar tilted at an angle of 60 degrees is missing.

“Uncle Joe” Cannon.

The former speaker sat for a group photograph of the Lincoln Memorial commission, of which he Is a member. “You haven’t any cigar in your mouth," said former President Taft “No, nor any deck of cards in my hand, either,” replied "Uncle Joe." who has not lost any of bis reputation as a poker player.”

WOMAN MAN’S NATURAL BOSS

Noted New York Authoress Declares That the Male Is Essentially the Slave. New York.—“ Men are the natural slaves of women and were created strong and intelligent for that purpose,” says Mrs. G. Vere Tyler of New York, author of sketches and books. “From earliest infancy woman is broken in by man and Is taught to believe he Is all powerful. On account of his physical superiority and being constantly and cleverly, reminded by him of her physical weaknesses she allows this idea to get possession of her to the exclusion of all else. “She is harnessed by his supposed strength and so blinded that she can see nothing except that which is exactly ahead of her or that which be wills her to see by his flattery. The majority of women allow their powers to grow weaker year by year from tbe lack of youth, due to the fact that she is under the mental control of man. who In reality always fears tha awakening woman.

“Another reason that men have obtained power over women is that civilization produced sensuousness in women, and man, by nature not sensuous, took advantage. Woman is dominated only through sensuality or Its outcome —vanity. The clever slave, understanding this, has pandered to both and so obtained power. “Women are tbe natural insptrers of men. Their mlssiob Is to tell them what to do and see that they do it. Nietzsche, one of tbe most advanced of women's slaves, an abnormally developed product of error, a victim in consequence, advised men: . 'When you go to see a woman carry a whip.' “Man is fitted for practical labor, woman is not It hss at various times been suggested that men make the best domestic servants. They do, end would. On shipboard, railroad, vtc., where good and reliable service Is A necessity, men are, for the better part employed. Man was created for action and service; woman was not. Her part is to produce the men. provide employment for them and make them work. * "The trouble with married life Is that the slave has beeq put at tbs helm. Woman is the natural head of the bouse. Napoleon was not entirely wrong when he declared that tha -greatest woman was the one who produced tbe greatest number of sons. Napoleon knew tbe value of workers."

The Present Value of Godliness

By REV. JAMES M. GRAY, D. D.

Dcas at dw Moody BiU* IwriMs

TEXT—‘‘Godliness is profitable unto ail! things, having promise of the life that) now is and of that which la to come.'” I Tim. 4:*.

ness is profitable unto all things, having promise of the life that now !• and that which Is to come.” I would especially emphasize the "promise of the life that now is,” because that is what most young people are thinking about They admit the value of godliness so far as the future is concerned, but that seems afar off. It is the present that concerns them, and if godliness can be of benefit to them now, they would like to know it You pay a premium on a life ineurace policy for many years in the hope of securing an annuity in old age; or you venture your capital in an investment with the expectation ’of an -ultimate profit, but godliness Is not like those things. It is more like a comfortable estate in the hands of a trustee yielding a regular support, or a bona fide business which maintains the proprietor from the moment be engages in it. In other words, there is not a single want of our nature for which there ie not a specific promise In the Bible ready to be made over to us if we comply with the simple and reasonable conditions. Is it food and raiment? “Seek ye first the kingdom of God and Jiis righteousness, and all these things shall be added unto you." Is it counsel and direction in our daily affairs? “If any man may lack wisdom, let him ask of God who giveth to all men liberally, and upbraldeth not.” Is It support in old age and death? “My God shall supply all your needs according to his riches in glory by Christ Jesus.” j The Testimony of Experience. j But passing now from the testimony of the Bible reflect on that from observation and experience. Take the question of health, and the life insurance companies, just referred to, will tell you that they make special rates for those whose habits are supposed to be promoted by true godliness. Take the question of fortune, and while it is not affirmed that the godly always become rich in this world's goods, yet they make better workmen, more judicious managers and clearer thinkers, all of which improves their financial status. “The blessing of the Lord it maketh rich and he addeth no sorrow with it” Take the question of one’s influence and standing among men. Does not the world respect and value a truly godly man? Would not the world rather deal with men who obey the laws of God than with those who disobey them? A truly godly man will not sen his vote, nor defraud a neighbor, nor deceive a friend. He will give fnU measure and weight, and will tell tho truth. What Is Godliness? 1 But what is godliness? It Is not merely making a profession of Christianity and uniting with the church, because there Is such a thing as "the form of godliness without its power.” The thought of this text is addressed to a young man who was already a Christian; who had already believed on the Lord Jesus Christ, and bad been regenerated by bis Holy Spirit;, and that to which he Is urged is simply to conform his daily life more to the gospel be bad thus embraced. To practice godliness, therefore, one must first be godly, and to be godly in tho Bible meaning of that term, involves a clean heart and a right spirit which God bestows on them who accept him and confess his Son. “He that hath the Son hath life aqd he that hath not the Son of God. hath not life” (1 Jne. v. 12). The first principle of godliness Is obedience to God, and the first principle of that obedience la submission to the yoke of Christ » “There is s tide In the affairs of men Which taken at the flood. lead* on to fortune; . Omitted, all the voya«e of their life la bound in shallows and In miseries." * If fortune be taken In its highest and holiest sense, then the tide that carries thither is the Name Above Every Name, and "there Is none other name under heaven given among men whereby we must be saved” (Acts 4: 12). "Now is the accepted time, today Is the day of salvation” (2 Cor. 6:2). "Hear and your soul shall live.” Learn a lesson from the times. In these days men are bent on the development of their outward man, but do thou oot neglecting or despising that, be equally bent on the development of tby Inner man. ,

There Is something about this text which should give It peculiar Interest to young people, because the. apostle Paul le writing to this young man, Timothy, about athletics. He is advising him to avoid profane and silly fables, and "gymnize” Mmself in godliness. “Bodily exercise,” he says, “proflteth a little. , but godli-