Evening Republican, Volume 17, Number 159, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 5 July 1913 — Page 3

Primitive Mountain Folk

OVE of the most, Interesting regions in the United States is the southern Appalachians. It is a land of giants and patriarchal families and of isolated simplicities id life which have deep human interest. One can explore on horseback this fascinating region, traveling through the western part of Virginia and North Carolina and the eastern districts of Tennessee and Kentucky. You can stop ' oft anywhere you happen to get tired and board, indefinitely and sumptuously, for $2.40 a week. These mountain folk are rich in the material things if poor in the gimcrack luxuries the outer world esteems needful. They are still shut in their fastnesses; but conditions are changing now from the absolute isolation that existed before the civil war. In following one of the mountain trails the traveler is well paid. Throughout these ranges are bridle, paths, where notches are cut in the tock on the steep mountainside for the horse or mule to secure good footing.* A traveler can find nowhere such a variety of scenery. He starts at the foothills, along the banks of some stream. The cliffs are completely covered with moss and ferns, watered by innumerable springs, which In Summer form a hanging garden of foliage. Following one of these cataracts between mountains, one discovers all of a sudden that the trail he is in comes to an end. Looking to the left he discovers a path leading oft up the mountain. By a modified climb, placing one foot above the other, one can Teach a high cliff and stop for a rest. Only a few feet below is the trail, a switchback, and to gain one-fourth of a mile you climb a whole one. In the Evergreens. ’ Rarely could one find so fascinating a picture of mountain grandeur, all in contrast with the enticing charms of the valley below, where hundreds of cattle are peacefully grazing on vast , fields of blue grass. You are on the ’ edge of the evergreen timber, called the hemlock belt. ...... •. ■ - Once in the evergreen timber, the view is entirely shut off, except now and then where the trail leads over some cliff; then the glimpse is just for an Instant. There are forests of laurel so thick in places that one cannot see two feet away. The laurel trees are from 18 to 25 feet high, some measuring eight inches in diameter. You rest again and hear sounds that tell of some habitation. Listen! - Yes, you can hear dogs bark. You resume the journey, and through open places in the timber you can' now see fields. Soon you \ come to a log fence, and afterward ’the traU leads off into a cove. A cabin appears, built of logs, fireplace on the outside and split-oak roof. A short distance - away is the spring. Just back of the cabin lies the peach orchard, and alongside the path leading to the barn are the grape vines and quinces and other fruits, such as apples, pears and pawpaw. This is the land of milk and honey. You can count over 60 hives of bees, or "gums”—a hollow tree sawed in two, then set on end on hewn timber artd covered with a slab split from a log. Away in the distant woodland orfe hears the "ting, ting” of the cowbell. A man about six set four inches in hight emerges from the door. ", “How d’you do. stranger?” is his greeting. You give him the usuad handshake, which is the custom of the country, and commence to tell your story. But before it is finished he says. “Step in, ■ah, brother.” You enter the door before your host, which is customary among mountain folk, and are told to have a seat. In one end of the room is a fireplace with the old-fashioned mantel shelf. After supper the fiddle comes down and the whole cabin thrills to the. oldtime airs—My Old Kentucky Home, Nellie Gray and Barbara Allen and all the tunes that make home of a wilderness. » Close to Nature. The head of the house asks if you would like to lie down. You are ready enough, and you are shown a ladder in one corner of the room. It leads to a hole in the floor above, where

there are several beds in bne of the most home-like rooms imaginable. Sinking lazily into a feather bed which fills the old four-poster, the tired wayfarer is soon in the land of dreams. Awakened the next morning by the quack, quack of, geese—-for this is a place of many fowls —the voices of ewes and lambs are heard calling across the hilltop. The cowbells tinkle cheerily. This is mountain life. The housewife cooks the breakfast. You are up, dressed and re.ady. Soon one of the girts goes out to milk. She uses a cup to milk in. When it is full it is emptied into the bucket. Ask her why she doesn’t milk in the bucket, and her reply is: “If the cow should kick, I’ll lose only a cupful of milk instead of a bucketful.” In these mountain homes there are many children. Usually one or two of the older girts wait on the table, and they press you always to have more. The children eat when the rest do, every one sitting in his accustomed place on the long bench, but not until the guest is seated first. In the center of the table is a large dish of honey. Near it is a pitcher of milk. The honey is passed first, for the mountaineers are “good livers” and they believe in having the best first. Next come the corn or wheat bread, apple butter, peach butter, stewed blackberries, pawpaw, ham and eggs, beans and tree sirup. The mountains have only bridle paths and trail ofttimes so steep that one misstep would mean death to horse and rider hundreds of feet below. The first automobile has yet to come. The locomotive halts in a fardistant valley. The telephone does not ring. These trails wind and wind, until you have lost all points of the compass, but are the main thoroughfares of travel. Where they cross streams, notches are cut in trees on the river bank. It the water is above the notch cut in the tree, it is unsafe to cross at the nearest habitation until the waters fall below jjie safety mark. At different' points along the larger streams dugouts are used for crossing. They are logs chopped out, something in the shape of a boat. They are the ferries at foot-path crossings, as well as the canoes of hunters and trappers. Down near the Kentucky line you are liable, in the forest on the steep mountainside, to meet a man on horseback, a bag of grain in front of him. A short distance away, in a deep ravine, is a log building about six by nine feet. It is the grist mill. The roof is covered with thin boards, split out of oak timbers, called “shooks." They are laid like shingles. To hold them down, a stiff pole is laid crosswis? in the center, and a hole Is bored in the end of the pole. A pin is then driven In to hold the shooks down. The people come to the mill, carrying their grain on the horses, from many miles. The mills are free for them to do, their own grinding. The door, if there is one, is never locked. A small water wheel In the turns the burr stone. After the grist is ground, it is placed on the horse and the miller returns. Sometimes it takes one day to come and grind, and the shades of twilight fall the second day before home is reached. When the distance is not too far, the women go to market. Their eggs are placed in either end of a bag made with both ends closed and the opening in the middle. The eggs are packed in buckets of grain and then they are placed on a horse, one on each side. Nearly everything is packed, except in the valley, where wagons are used somewhat, though it’s not unusual to see a six-footer with a pack on his back slowly winding his way up the mountainside. Even Uncle Sam’s mail is carried in leather bags. The men and women in the region are of giant stature and the families are large. There are families in which the children dumber twenty and many where the number runs from a dozen to fifteen' or eighteen. Crude as is the life, the people are really progressive. They 'are honest and industrious. Their hospitality is unbounded. But if you do them an Intentional wrong, you might just as well disappear, quietly and humbly, They have, no use for a “crooked” man. •

THREE WAYS TO CAN BEANS

Salycllic Acid, Salt and Vinegar Have Been Successfully Used on the String Variety. Three ways of canning string beans, all of which are successful, are, by using salycllic acid, salt and vinegar. To those who (ike vinegar on their beans anyway tqe vinegar method is the best and safest. The beans are cooked perfectly done and a few may be canned at a .time when they are being cooked for dinner, as it rarely happens that the housewife ct(n get enough beans for more than a can or two at a time. , Put the cooked beans in glass jars, add three tablespoonfuls of good vinegar to each quart and seal the bottle while boiling hot There will be no spoiled jars, for they will be both canned'and pickled. When ready to use them simply heat but do not boll. Since so many use vinegar when eating string beans this will be no objection. In using salt the same method is followed except that a teaspoonful of salt is placed on top of the beans after each quart can is filled and then sealed hot. • This method is. not as successful as the vinegar. The use of preservatives as salycllic and benzoic acid we are inclined to recommend less highly.

COOK’S ADVICE ON ROASTS

Many Valuable Suggestions Are Offered on How to Regulate Your Oven. That water should not be put into an open meat-pan its place being supplied by bits of fat from the roast, or by dripping. That a rack made of wire should support meat In the roasting-pan to prevent it from sticking to the bottom and being unevenly roasted. That all cut meat should first be laid on the rack skin-side downward, provided the hottest air is above, in order that the lean part, from which juices might escape, may be at once crusted over to retain them. That a six-pound roast in a little oven requires one hour’s roasting to be rare, and one hour and a quarter’s to be well done. That to lessen such a heat at once for roasting properly, after the searing is completed, a pan of cold water may be set into the oven and the draft somewhat reduced. That the double roasting-pans, with close-fitting covers, are most convenient both for large and small roasts, as basting is not required, and they keep the small roasts from drying out.

OLD OVEN TEST STILL USED

Sheet of Linen Writing Paper Placed In Stove Will Show the Temperature. \ The old-fashioned test for ascertaining the heat of the oven before putting in a cake to bake is still in good standing even among the cook-ing-school generation of cooks. Tha. writing paper test is the fkvorite one. Lay a sheet of ordinary linen writing paper in the oven and let it stay for five minutes —by the clock. If the paper is just nicely browned in that time the oven ip hot enough for loaf scorched, the oven is too hot and must be cooled by leaving a crack in the door, opening the ventilator or setting a cup of cold water in the oven to lower the temperature.

Pressed Chicken.

Cut a small chicken into four jrarts, boil in as little water as possible without burning, and watoh constantly. When done very tender take out the meat, but keep broth boiling. the meat from the bones, chop it, and add butter, pepper and salt Take all fat of broth, then pour over the chopped chicken. Theu press it, put plate on top with something heavy to hold it down. Set on ice and when very cold slice it and you will have a delicious supper or breakfast dish.

Hamburg Steak Soup.

Have lean beef hamburg and place on stove with cold water. Boil threequarters to one hour only. Nice with rice and carrots, or rice only, also served as vegetable soup. Vegetables must be put in at once with the hamburg. as they will be done together. Season to taste. Quickly done and precisely the same as other soup. Nice also for supper to put the little ones to sleep on.

Beefsteak Dumplings.

Line a deep dish (four inches deep and eight inches across the top) with pie crust, cut up two pounds stew beef Jn small pieces, add salt, pepper, onion and water, one-half teaspoon ppultry dressing and little butter. Put top crust on and steam for three tour*.

To Mend a Thimble.

When a silver thimble wears-through at the top get a plumber to drop just a little* solder inside, and the thimble ta as good as new. t

When Blueing Clothes.

If a lump of soda dissolved in a little hot water is added to the blue water on washday it prevents the blue from settling tn the clothes and makes them perfectly white. This is also useful when the Water is hard.

To Remove: Match Mario.

When paints hafVe become scratched with matches rub them first with a slice of lemon and then wash with soap and water. This removes all traces of the match scratch ea.

MILK CRUSADE SAVES BABES

Stations for Distributing Infant Food Are Constantly Increasing In * Various Cities. A constantly increasing number of cities of all sizes are establishing milk stations and dispensing milk, whether pure whole milk, certified, modified, pasteurized or sterilized milk to mothers of babies that must be bottle fed. Some of the cities in which such institutions are maintained are: Albany, Baltimore, Boston, Buffalo, Chicago, Dayton, Detroit, Hartford, Honolulu, Indianapolis, Kansas City, Mo., Lawrence, Mass., Louisville, Lowell, Milwaukee, Newark, New Bedford, New Haven, New York, Peoria, Pittsburgh, Providence, Rochester, St Louis, Springfield, 0., Waterbury, Wllkesbarre, Worcester, Yonkers, Utica. The milk station is simply a room sufficiently large to accommodate the patrons and equipped with a large ice box, a desk, some chairs and a table. An ordinary store is suitable for a station and sometimes, as in the case of the station at Utica, N. Y., a school room may be used for the purpose. The station is usually under the charge of a nurse, and a physician la in attendance at stated hours.

RINGWORM ON CHILD’S FACE Stratford, lowa—“Three years ago this winter my seven-year-old son had ringworm on the face. First It was in small red spots which had a rough crust on the top. When they started they looked like little red dots and then they got bigger, about the size of a bird’s egg. They had a white rough ring around them, and grew continually worse and soon spread over his face and legs. The child suffered terrible Itching and burning, so that he could not sleep nights. He scratched them and they looked fearful. He was cross when he had them. We used severed bottles of liniment, but nothing helped. “I saw where a child had a rash on the face and was cured by Cutlcura Soap and Ointment and I decided to use them. I used Cutlcura Soap and Ointment about one month, and they cured my child completely.” (Signed) Mrs. Barbara Prim, Jan. 30, 1913. Cutlcura Soap and Ointment sold throughout the world. Sample of each free, with 32-p. Skin Book. Address post-card "Cutlcura, Dept U Boston.” Aly.

"Tango.”

A student looked up the word tango" in a Latin dictionary. This is what he found: “To take in hand, cariV off, to be contiguous to, to strike, beat, smear."

Estimating It.

“I hope I haven’t kept you waiting too long,” gushed the girl. “Only about three dollars’ worth,” estimated the young man with the taxicab outr side.

The Tortures of Prickly Heat and all skin affections are quickly alleviated and lb a short time completely cured by using Tyree’s Antiseptic Powder. 25c. at druggists. For free sample write J. 8. Tyree, Chemist, Washington, D. C.—Adv.

Evening Concert.

“Darn those eats!" “Don’t shoot. Abner. I think the one with the contralto voice is our Tabby."

LEWIS’ Single Binder cigar; sixteen years on the market and always the same rich satisfying quality. Adv. The people who complain that life isn’t worth living are the very ones who do nothing to make it so. • Feed the average woman on flattery and she will get positively fat

F 5 CASTORIA mii!iiiiiiiiiiitiiiiii l iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuniiiiiiiii | iiiii For Infants and Children. HO 1 1 &nASTBRH]^ 6 You « avfi Always Bought l\ ALCOHOL-3 PER CENT • /Vegetable Preparation for A«- M Bears the ZzX Signature /Am IC Promotes Digestion,Cheerful X If |p l j ness and Rest. Con tains neither At AIF l> Opium .Morphine nor Mineral gl\ Si Not Mar coTic (LU IF Il Jw/- a b/L ■ a Jfr In A perfect Remedy for Constlp*- M|» II § R Ml lion. Sour Stomach,Diarrhoea, I 1 O' www nO Worms .Convulsions .Feverish- I Iky nets and Loss OF SLEEP. Ijl | LAN ||ypM Facsimile Signature of S Thirty Years £» NEW YORK. * CORIA Exact Copy of Wrapper ▼wg >«srv«vG •wwsHwrr. *»srw vefM GrrT.

I ' Delicacies! sliced wafer thin, Hickory Smoked and with I a choice flavor that you will remombes. Vienna Sausage—just right for Red Hots, er to eoW. I B We suggest you try them served like this I Cut rye bread in I slices, spread with creamed butter and remove crusts. Cut a I Vienna Sausage in half, lengthwise, and lay j fig on the bread. Place on the top of the sausage ■ a few thin slices of Libby’s Midget Pickles. g ■ Cover with the other slice of bread aad B press lightly together. Arrange on plate and B serve garnished with a few parsley B sprays. I Libby, &

Found Ring in Bird’s Nest.

Joe Cannon, deputy auditor of Hardin county, 0., has found his ring. He lost it in the courthouse yard, but diligent search was futile. Janitor Yost was cleaning birds' nests out of the eaves of the building recently and found the ring woven in one of the nests.

IS IT RIGHT TO ADVERTISE COCA COLA? Men who play the wily game of politics have discovered that the best way to distract the attention of the publio from their own shortcomings is to make a loud-mouthed sensational attack upon someone else. As the cut-tle-fish eludes its pursuer by clouding the surrounding water with the contents of its ink sac, so the political adventurer takes advantage of the ignorance and prejudices of the people to escape from bis indefensible position by muddying the waters of publio opinion. A case in point is the recent attack made upon the religious press for carrying Coca-Cola advertising. This attack was made by a politician who was supposed to be an expert in chemistry but who, having brought a suit against the Coca-Cola Company, was humiliated by having to acknowledge that he could not qualify as an expert. The court decided in favor of the CocaCola Company as it was clearly shown that the only essential difference between Coca-Cola and coffee or tea is that the former contains only about half as much caffeine as the latter and that the flavor is different. The question as to whether it is right to advertise Coca-Cola seems to resolve itself therefore into the-question as to whether it is right to advertise coffee, tea, chocolate, cocoa and other beverages of the caffeine group.—Adv. - Don’t poke fun at a girt. The first thing you know she will get even by marrying you. The fellow who dan lie, with a straight face is generally crooked.

YOUR LIVER REGULATES YOUR SYSTEM REGULATE YOUR LIVER WITH GRANULATED EYELIDS ■■flamed ar Sere Eye* aad Slice promptly healed with Roman Eye Balsam

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