Evening Republican, Volume 17, Number 42, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 18 February 1913 — Page 3

FACTORS THAT DETERMINE QUALITY IN HORSE

BY W. W. SMITH,

An Indiana Bred Draft Mare Combining Size and Quality.

That quality adds to the value of a horse Is clearly recognized by experienced breeders, dealers and users of horses the world over. It not only contributes to “looks,” but it id an essential of strength, durability and wearing' qualities. These are elements sought for by the breeders who are trying to produce the highest type of horse of whatever class —heavy as well as light. Quality is fineness of texture as opposed to coarseness of texture. It refers to the size and character of the fibey out of which a part is made. Quality means fineness of fiber and denseness of structure. Good quality of bone is dense, hard, steel-like in character as compared with bone which ,is poor in quality; In the latter, the fibers out of which the bone that is made are coarse and large, the bone is, threfore, porous, Bpongy and wood-like in character, instead of steellike in character. The cannon home of a fine quality thoroughbred horse, for example, when tapped with the fingers or knuckles has the ring of steel. It is hard and flintlike in character. The cannon bone of a horse of poor quality is usually round, meaty and feels as if thete was a thin beefsteak between the skin and the bone. Tapping such bone as this emits a sound more like the tapping of a water-soaked < post than anything having the ring of steel. A cubic inch of bone of quality will frequently weigh nearly twice as much as the same mass of poor quality bone. If a horse has quality it is apparent in every feature, line and part of his makeup. It is shown in hard, tough appearing horn; clean, hard bone.

SHELTER FOR FATTENING CATTLE IS IMPORTANT

By F. G. KING,

A fat steer wears continuously a heavy overcoat. The fat, which is deposited just beneath the skin of the animal, la not highly sensitive because fat is not living matter, acts as a protection to the body of the animal covered with fat Every cattle feeder is familiar with the habit of fat cattle of lying, when the weather is not extremely cold, in dry, sunny spots in an open yard or pasture in preference to seeking their beds in a closed, warm barn. Cattle with a thick covering of fat, that are digesting large quantities of feed and thereby gener-. a ting heat from the food, are as subject to discomfort from being too warm as from being too cold. The shelter required by cattle depends on the climate and the condition of the oattle. In regions where there are not many nights during which the temperature is low, full fed cattle require nothing more than a good windbreak and a roof to ward off rain and snow. A dry shed opening to the south offers almost ideal surroundings for fattening cattle in climates similar to Shat of Indiana. The Missouri experiment station placed one lot of cattle in a barn and another similar lot in an open shed, and full fed both lota jof cattle until fat. It was found that the oattle in the open shed gained faster and made cheaper gains than these in the barn. The trial was repeated for three winters. The aver"’4s*■ , ’‘ "**jy;:

I, Animal Husbandry Department, Purdue University School of Agriculture. Purdue University Agricultural Extension.

Animal Husbandry Department, Purdue University School of Agriculture. • Purdue University Agricultural Extension.

free from thick skin, coarse hair, puffs and general meatiness. The tendons are prominent and clearly defined, the joints are hard, bony and clean cut in their outline, showing an entire absence of tissue which might interfere with the free, easy action of the part. The coat is naturally fine and soft and the mane and tail, Instead of being stiff and wiry in character, has a peculiar lightness and fineness about it. The ears are pointed and fine and the head and face lean, hard and refined. The skin of a horse of much quality is fairly thin, and when exercised the blood veins of the surface appear with unusual clearness. This is the meaning of “blood-like” appearance; it is simply the result of quality. Perhaps the farm horse is not *so much in need of quality as he is o£ quantity. Certain it is that a good horse must have both. By combining the two we get a horse of substance. Also it seems to be easier to get quality in the light horses than it is in the heavy horse, It is is difficult to secure sufficient size with quality. On the other hand, we should understand that smallnesß alone is not quality. No greater mistake could be made in the selection of the stallion than that of ignoring all essentials but quality. Such breeding would result in a rapid' degeneration in size and substance. To be qf greatest value to the horse, quality must be associated with weight and size. If there is added to these correct conformation we have the faotors most important in determining the length of a horse’s usefulness as a worker, his freedom from unsound* ness, his strength and stamina and endurance.

age of the four trials showed that the cattle sheltered by an open shed had made an average daily gain of 1.92 pounds per head and produced 8.24 pounds of gain from each bushel of corn eaten. The cattle houfced in a barn gained 1.70 pounds daily per head and made 4.91 pounds of gain from each bußhel of corn. Modern methods of feeding cattle to maintain the fertility of tne soil has led to the system adopted by many feeders of keeping the cattle constantly under cover in order to prevent loss of manure. But the results of the shelter experiments cited above show that feeder In constructing barns for fattening cattle must bear In mind the needs of the anlmgl and furnish an abundance of fresh air and sunshine.

Raise Good Heifers.

The theory that It is cheaper to buy oows than raise them has been completely dispelled by prices that good cattle have been bringing recently. If you have good cows be sure that you raise the heifers from the best of them.

Be Satisfied.

Never mind the new breeds. Take good care of what you have. It is better to improve the old than experiment with the new. There is good in ail breeds, and it is up to you to get it out of them.

SOFIA WAR SCENES

Streets of Bulgarian Capital Ring With Songs of Recruits. People Remain Silent as Battalions of French Reserves Pass Through Town on Their Way to the Front. Sofia, Bulgaria.—Above the regular tramp, tramp, tramp of soldier feet rises the hoarse chorus of soldier voiqes—like a sullen sea rolling on a short of rock. The armistice has been proclaimed, but the streets of Sofia are filled with reserves who, battalion after battalion, are being dispatched to the front, to fill the sickening gaps at roll call, and to mix new strength with the tired valor of the veterans. At the beginning of .the war Bulgaria had expected to raise barely 300,000 men. On the establishment of truce there were already over 600,000 in the field. Now 100,000 new conscripts are gathering toward Adrianople and Tchatalja. And still this calm, fierce little nation is not exhausted. Many men remain. If Turkey shows the least sign of arrogance or of trickery the war will go on. Tramp, tramp, tramp sound the feet. Pour by four the recruits filed by—young men between 20 and 30. They are singing. Is it a song? It is more like the battle growl of some slow moving monster roused to fury, says a correspondent for the Chicago News. The throats are deep and hoarae. The music breaks and pauses in odd, stern rhymes. “Slavna Bulgaria!" Tramp, tramp, tramp. “Slavna Bulgaria!” Tramp, tramp, tramp. The uniforms are old and muddy and torn. They are the color of earth. The faces are those of a stolid peasantry —not too stolid, however, to feel the fires of unquenchable patriotism burning within those broad breast. "Slavna Bulgaria!” growl the sullen lips. From the head of the column the chorus echoes back: “Slavna Bulgaria!” Tramp, tramp, tramp. “Slavna Bulgaria!” Yes, “Glorious Bulgaria!” Come look at Sofia in war time. It is gayer, they say, in peace. The swarming crowd in the Bquare before the old white mosque, whose narrow minaret rises like an admonition into the blue sky, chattered louder, they say, and bartered longer, in the days before the war. But even now the city is calmly animated. One is farther east than at Belgrade. The general effect is more Asiatic, more picturesque. Belgrade is an overgrown village, a :ity in the formative state. Sofia is tlready a city, compact and Individual. Remove the people and the street (tails and it will somewhat resemble iny bright new town of Europe or America. The streets are paved with

CITY IS KIND TO CATS

Berlin Judge Fines Soldiers Who Shot Night Prowlers. Lieutenant Believed Felines Intended to Blay His Tame Raven—Residents Not Allowed to Molest Animals. Berlin.—Germany is the paradise of cats, a Berlin correspondent writes. In no other country, except, perhaps, ancient Egypt, where the cat used to be regarded as sacred, has Passey’s well-being eyer been studied more carefully than it is in the fatherland today. Good Americans, so ’tis said, go to Paris when they die, but American cats can desire no more blissful future state than to be transported to Germany after nine well spent lives under the stars and stripea Jerome K. Jerome, you may remember, discovered carefully cats are looked after in the fatherland. In “Three Men on the Bummer he tells how he hurled the usual bootjack and other missiles at some Berlin cats whose yowls were disturbing his Blumbers, and how he was promptly waited on by a German policeman, who had carefully collected all his ammunition, and demanded to know why the articles had been thrown. When told that they had been flung at cats he demanded “What cats?” evidently expecting Jerome to be able to fur nish the name and address of each particular, feline. Then he informed the novelist that in Germany people are not permitted to throw things at cats, even when the animals are preventing them from sleeping. He said the proper course to pursue was to pursue the cat, in other words, follow it home and, thus having ascertained who the serenader belonged to, to make a complaint, which, if unheeded, could be followed by legal proceedings. Now, German law has solemnly laid down the circumstances —and the only ones—under which a cat may be shot. A lieutenant in the army who Uvea in Berlin shot two and dire is the penalty that has befallen him for thus destroying eighteen lives. He has been mulcted, as the legal phrase has it. in damages amounting to S3O, or SIS per cat, besides having to pay all costs. This lieutenant, whose name was Klotz, has a tamq, raven which spends most of its time in strutting about his garden. The lieutenant believed that two cats who kept prowling in the vicinity had designs on the raven, and after scattlng them a few times he shot first one and then the other, the latter when it was sneaking along the garden path In the direction which

NORTH AND SOUTH POLE FINDERS MEET

Rear Admiral Peary (left), discoverer of the north pole, and Capt. Roald Amundsen (right), ’discoverer of the south pole, met in Washington and Admiral Peary presented to Captain Amundsen the special gold medal of the National Geographical society.

brick, the central part is clean and green, the buildings are of brick or stone or plaster. There are some worthy examples of architecture —the theater, with its lion drawn chariots surmounting the facade; the palace, its yellow stone harmonizing quietly with the green of the gardens which surround and half conceal It; the market, with a touch of orientalism in the mosaic about the doors. In the design of the bricks, laid In broad red and tan stripes; and then, above all. the churches. An unshorn convalescent soldier saunters up, the cloth of his coat still torn where the Turkish bullet went through. And over all the busy swarm fly flocks of loudly clattering rooks;

the raven had taken on its morning promanade. Now, it seems that he acted precipitately. A Teuton judge has decreed that the owner of birds or any bird-lover in Germany who suspects a cat of having marked a certain bird for its own must wait until he catches the feline in the very act of pouncing on its prey. Then he may shoot it, but not otherwise, even though the yard may be strewn with the plumage of precious feathered vlotlms of the assassin. A cat may not be molested even if it is seen slinking away with your canary in its mouth. That is not conclusive evidence, according to the recent judicial decision. The thing to be done is to armr yourself with a gun. lay in a good stock of patience, *and lie in wait for the cat If you actually see it about to spring on a bird then shoot, and a good aim to you, but if all these conditions are not fulfilled the cat may walk past you with peace in its heart and a mocking smile on its face, secure in its legal rights. In deciding the Berlin case the judge severely condemned Lieutenant Klotz’ action in massacring the cats

FANE OF JEZREELITES SOLD

Was Built by Ex-British Boldier to House Hie Religious Bect London. —Jezreel’s temple, at Chatham, which was originally erected at an enormous cost as the Temple of the New and Latter House of Israel, Is sold. It comprises s large unfinished building 124 feet square by more than 100 feet in height flanked by towers and shafts and having an area of 10,000 square feet This extraordinary bntlding, which Is s conspicuous landmark for miles around, was commenced In 1882 by a British ex-soldier named White, who after an attack of sunstroke In India proclaimed himself the prophet of a new religion and adopted the name of “James Hershon Jezreel.” An article of the new faith was that none of Its dictples should ever visit the barber and the Jexreelites became rapidly known in the locality and beyond it “Jezreel” soon gathered hundreds of followers and started a little colony of farms and workshops, oat of which be amassed s fortune. He started the building of the tower with the object of accommodating 5,000 of the faithful out of the 144, 000 who were to be saved when the end 'of the world came. He promised his followers that he would live forever, but he died unfor-

a family of them Ifves in every chimney pot; their scolding and gossip never ceases. Hark! The measured tramp of feet again! Another battalion of recruits Is marching to the railroad station. Far down the street you can .hear the growling voices: “Slavna Bulgaria f“ Tramp, tramp, tramp. "Slavna Bulgaria!" The crowd swerves slowly in the direction of the singing. Every one watches anxiously. Good! say approving eyes. The quality is not declining! Bulgaria still has sons of the studiest to hurl against the Turk! The. soldiers reach the corner, torn and disappear. Nobody cheers. But on every face glows a look of stern pride.

without positive proof that they meditated the destruction of his raven. The learned magistrate held that the cats having been “scatted” once, could have been scatted again without recourse of bloodshed, and he incidentally laid down the law for cat klUing as set forth above. Whether the cats of Berlin laughed or not when they heard the verdict is not known, bnt it certainly was enough to make them.

MAN WRECKS FURNITURE

Estranged Husband Breaks Into Home and Bmashes “His Half”—Jury Upholds Him. Minneapolis.—A man is entitled to break up half of the furniture in his own home. ▲t least this is the decision of a jury in the district court here when Charles F. Dougherty was accused of breaking into the home occupied by his wife, and which once had been the home of both, and smashing things in generaL Mr. Dougherty held forth to the jury the argument that at least half the household goods belonged to Mm and that it was his business if he smashed them. The jury agreed with him.

tunately before the great tower was completed. It remains unfinished today, notwithstanding the fact that at least $220,000 has been spent on it The six storied building, roofless and windowless, was seized by the contractors and remained desolate for years until In 1908 It was occupied by an American named Mills, who adopted the title “Prince Michael” and proclaimed himself the successor of “Jezreel.” A little over three years ago the temple, still windowless, was the scene of an eviction. This is the last time that the Jesreelites were prominently before the public.

Put Up Wrong Flag.

New York—Nathaniel Jones, negro lighthouse keeper, elated at the birth of a son. hoisted s flag with the initials “W. J.“ on it They stood for his son's name, bnt were also the initial code for "Want assistance.” A cruiser rushed to his aid. Now the lighthouse keeper is on another job.

Architect Weds an Actress.

Bridgeport Conn. —Archie Babcock. Jr., a Paterson, N. J., architect, and son of a millionaire, was married here in a grill room to Trixie Clarendon, an actress. *

GRANT CHILD RIGHTS

- ■, ; LET HIM MOLD HIMSELF, 18 ADVICE GIVEN BY WRITER. Putting ft In Another Way, m LKtfcv “Letting Alone” le a Wise Course for Parents to Pursue—Matter of Freedom. Let your children alone. Do not neglect them. There is a difference between a wise letting alono and a foolish neglect There have been probably aa many* children spoiled by over-management! as by negligence. Don’t forget that the prime right, of a chiid is the right to' Ms owa| - personality. In fact, his chief business in life is to develop properly thee expression of that personality,. How? can he do this if he is hedged and thwarted by you? A child learns by three means—by? experience, by example and by atmos-t phere. It is doubtful if didactic teaching! and preaching ever did much good to* anybody, child or grown-up. Only inspirational preaching is qf any ao-> count. To let the child touch the stove and get hurt a little is far better than tOf say “You mustn’t touch It!” Be chary of your commands. Every* useless order is a burden that inter-' seres with his growth and tends to< alienate him from you. . Let him run as free- as you darou One lesson he learns from his ownt experience is worth a dozen he get* from you. How many little lives are rendered? utterly wretched by the loving bnt bv rltating tyranny of parents. The little ones are crossed at every torn* The mother Is continually scolding* s the father breaking In at times with, sharp prohibitions. The queer part of all this is that those parents think they are doing their high duty by the child. They propose to give their children some “bringing up” and not let them “rna wild.” So they cramp, thwart, oppose the growing mind. Children are sharp. They soon adjust themselves to this, and get their parents’ measure. Then they turn to become one or two things—“good,” 1 that is, shrewd little hypocrites, prigs and time-servers; or “bad.” that is. angrily insistent upon having a life of their own. Study the child, seek to bring out what is in him. Don’t study your catechism or "system of education” and try to make your child measure up to that. There Is no genuine morality without freedom. Anything done from fear is immoral. Even the “goodness” yonr child puts on because he is afraid of you is wicked. Qnit trying to mold your child. Stand by and belp him. Let him mold himself. Be his friend. Let him feck you understand him. A lot 6f our "moral principle” is mere self-conceit and vanity of opinion. and we think we are doing God’s services when we impose our egotism on others, particularly upon helpless, youth. Study the child, live with him, miter into his life and point of view, encourage him in what he wants to do, sympathize with him. —Exchange.

Da Vinci’s Mona Lisa.

The Mona Lisa of Leonardo da Vinci represents “Madonna T.Jsa,” a Neapolitan, wife of Zanobi del Giocondo. from whose name the painting la also known as La Gioconda. The subtle, baffling expression is of a kind that the artist particularly delighted ini and here brought nearest to perfection,. The painting was finished byLeonardo in 150$. It is said that he worked on it for four successive years and used to have music played while his model was sitting in order that the expression which he wished to render might not disappear from, her face. Francis I. of France bought thee painting from the artist for 4,000 gold florins, and ever since it has been in the possession of France. Until it wan stolen recently it was one of the most: renowned treasures of the Louvre gallery in Paris. It has inspired numerous authorities on art to rapturous outbursts of praise, among which the most celebrated is that of the Bngllah critic, Walter Pater.

Making the Best of Things.

Mr. Paterfamilias was having air economical streak. “Am I going to have to buy new winter underwear for the whole family this year?" he asked. “No, dear,” answered Mrs. P, brightly cheerful. “Your flannels have shrunk enough to fit Johnny, and Johnny's have shrank so that Billy can wear them, and Billy's are now small enough for the baby. All yon have to do is to get some for yourself —I have my fur neckpiece." Just think how you can save on the high cost of living by having a big and well-graded family.—Exchange.

Found Hidden Spring.

Solving the secret of ‘a hidden spring which opened a case of valuable miniatures at the Boston Museum of Fine Arts. Daniel C. La very stole $2,000 worth of art treasures, according to his admission in court. The robbery is the first of the kind at the museum. Just how Lavery. gained possession of the secret of the spring is a mystery. His arrest followed ojx attempt to dispose of some of the antides.