Evening Republican, Volume 16, Number 172, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 19 July 1912 — Page 2

STARVED ROCK A MONUMENT

VN purchasing Starved Rock and 9 its surrounding acres for a pubipfl lie park the state of Illinois has tv done more than preserve the scene of an Indian tradition. It has made permanent a monument of the earliest recorded history of the upper Mississippi valley. The park includes the site of the oldest fort and permanent European settlement in the valley and part of the site of a great community that even now would rank with the largest cities of the state. The old and all but forgotten Kaskaskia ; and its suburbs were larger than the 3 present city of Alton, larger than. Freeport, twice as large as the near-by city of Ottawa. When it is recalled that only a century ago the stockaded Fort Dearborn that had been Chicago was a scene of desolation It is difficult to turn the mind back still another century and more to the beginning of Fort St. Louis, on the Illinois river. Perhaps that is why the Indian legend of a later date has become known, while the recorded history of the place has been forgotten and Fort St Louis has become Starved Rock. ; It wsb in the summer of 1673 that Joliet and Father Marquette entered the Illinois river atits month after a trip down the Mississippi, from the ■Wisconsin. They were on their way back to eastern Wisconsin by way of i Chicago and stopped only three days at the Indian village of Kaskaskia WhicH stood on the flood plain of the Illinois, across the river and a short distance west from a great- white rock, forest capped, that rose sheer from the water at a height of 126 feet. The village then contained 74 lodges and nearly ten times that number of families. The lodges were permanent structures, not the tepees of the western nations. % The Indians were Kaskaskias, a tribe of the Illinois nation, whose village was larger than that of the Peorias, another Illinois nation, who lived near where the city of Peoria now stands. 1 The great rock above the village did not attract special attention. It was one of many rocks and, moreover, It was the Indians that interested Marquette, whose report contains the -only first hand account of the voyage, since that of Joliet was lost in the St. Lawrence river. To these Infflans Marquette endeavored to return late < in 1674. Winter and sickness caught ' him on his way. He and his companions built a cabin on the bank of the Chicago river at what Is now Robey street and remained there until the spring, when they descended the Desplaines and Illinois to Kaskaskia and there established the mission of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin. 0 Display Pictures of Virgin. : On the meadow between the river and the present city of Utica Marquette raised an altar and displayed four pictures of the Virgin before 500 chiefs and old men, 1,500 young warriors and perhaps 4,000 women and children, a large audience to* be gathered there nowadays. Soon after Easter he and his two companions made their way back to Lake Michigan by the Kankakee and St. Joseph rivers. On the bank of the lake Marquette died.

Allouez was Marquette's successor at the mission of the Immaculate Conception.' He found at Kaskaskia 351 lodges. Before the coming of La Salle in 1679 he left the place and La" Salle found a deserted city. The inhabitants had gone hunting farther west He went on to Peoria lake, built Fort Crevecoeur there and returned, leaving his lieutenant Tonty, at the fort It was not until this return voyage that the great white rock caught his eye. It must have impressed itself on his mind as he sat in the deserted village across the river, resting on the Journey northward. Here was a fort that was no Crevecoeur, a lofty rock, inaccessible except at one paint, and there only by a narrow and difficult path, otttjpf arrow range from the other and the bluff a quarter of I • imarflhhiy. So he sent word to the Tonty ib examine the rock and to remoth thither from Peoria lake if he thought It well to do so. - But this not to >e easily made. . There were troubles with the Indians and the French assistants, and it wns three years later that La Salle and Tonty began the fortification of the rock. The only \ approach to the half-acre area of the !■ fuanit was protected with earth-

works and a palisade, and within the palisade were built cabins after some of the forest growth had, been removed. Civilization took its stand in the midst of the wilderness. At the foot of the rock, on the level bank of the river, a bowling alley was laid out*for the Frenchmen. Around this were other shelters, of French and of Indians. The fort had become a suburb of Kaskaskia, or, .as the French called it, LaVantum, across the river. This town of the Kaskaskia Indians was added to by arrivals of <other tribes, especially those of the Illinois nation. The original settlement was west of where the Utica bridge now crosses the river, but the additions spread to the east along the low bank of the stream. Including the Indians gathered about the foot of the rock. La Salle estimated the population at one time to be 20,000 persons, 4,000 of whom were warriors. Grain Abounded In Broad Fields, To supply this city, the largest community of Indians that has been recorded in the Illinois country, there were broad fields of grain, for the Illinois were a ffitming people and the rich flood plains of the Illinois needed little tilling. Tracts of Iqnd were granted to a score of Frenchmen. The river provided fish; in the swqmpc downstream were water fowl; the prairies were dotted with buffalo. The population lessened or increased from season to season. La Salle died, murdered in far oft Texas.. The mission was removed to the Mississippi river in 1700. Despite the exhortations of father Gravier, the inhabitants of Kaskaskia fled to this new sanctuary from the Iroquois. Hence the hew Kaskaskia on the Misissippi, which became the first capital of Illinois. The rock was left deserted except by the garrison and the traders. In 1702 the garrison was withdrawn and twenty years later Charlevoix, passing down the river, saw only the rotting palisades. Of the 20,000 Indians none remained. But the story runs that Tonty, white haired and feeble, was carried back to his rock to die among a few wondering red men and be buried in the swift water below. The old fort still served as a stronghold for the Peorias. -In 1722 these Indians were besieged on the rock by the Foxes and their allies, but the siege was raised. In 1769 at Cahokia came the murder of Pontiac, leader of the Pottawatomies and Ottawas, by a Kaskaskia Indian, and the revenge of the Pottawatomie nation. The Kaskasklas and the other Illinois tribes were massacred. A few Peorias were trapped on the rock and there, starving, defended the single approach. One dark night those remaining made a sortie and about a dozen—accounts differ as to the number—escaped down the river in stolen canoes, the last of their people. Nothing remains to recall them except bits of bone, pottery and flint that plowed up on the site of the ancient city, and the silent rock standing unchanged through the centuries and breasting the flow of the river.

Digging to Music.

It would seem that the old principle, which has said to have been so often applied in war and in peace and which has a deep psychological basis, that tiresome muscular labor Is'more easily and regularly performed and in a sense guided by the rhythm of musical sounds, has been successfully applied among the laborers on the Panama canal. One of the “bosses'* of work gangs has gained distinction by outdistancing all his rivals in the amount of work done on account of his cleverness in developing and leading songs that inspire his men with energy and cause them to forget fatigue. Slftging at work has become general all along the line, it is reported.

The Parasitic Female.

The parasitic female is found among the rich, the poor and the middle class. She contributes nothing to her race, her home or the world's work. She impoverishes her race because she bears no children. She means nothing in her home because all it* duties are performed by others. And she contributes nothing to the world of art, science and industry. She lives off of others, and like all parasites, animal or vegetable, she weakens the vitality of those on whom she fastens herself.—McCall’s ICagasine.

PROPER CARE OF KITCHEN

Broall Things Weil WoriSt Remembering—Easy Method of Removing Mildew Btains. Always empty the water put of the kettle after using it and rinse it thoroughly before filling with fresh water. This prevents the thick white sediment from forming at the bottom of the kettle that so soon cakes the side of the kettle if not rinsed. The omelet pan must never be washed or scratched in any way and * should be used only for omelets. When done with, rub well Inside and out with pieces of soft paper till clean. Then rub witk a dry cloth. If any pieces of eggs have stuck to it, put in a tiny piece of dripping and allow this to get hot over "the fire. The pieces can be removed without any trouble. Mildew stains can very often be removed quite successfully in the following way: Mix a small quantity of soft soap with the same proportion of powdered starch and salt and the Juice of a lemon. Apply this mixture to both sides of the stain with a small brush, and, if possible, let the article lie on the grass all day and night until the stains have quite! disappeared. Then wash it in the usual way.

SOMETHING NEW IN JAMS

Rhubarb, When Properly Prepared, Is One of the Moat Delicious Made. .* V 0 To every pound of rhubarb allow one pound of loaf sugar and the rind of half a lemon. Wash and wipe the rhubarb perfectly dry; thke off the 3tring or peel, and weigh the rhubarb, putting it into the preserving-pan with the sugar. Mince the thin yellow rind very finely, all to the rhubarb, and place all over the fire. Stir until the sugar is dissolved, then cook steadily till done, keeping it well skimmed. Stir it occasionally with a wooden or silver spoon (do not use iron or tin). Pour it into scalding preserve jars or pots, and seal or cover with paper wet with white of egg, While the rhubarb is young and tender it will cook In from three-quarters to one hour, reckoning from the time the whole starts to simmer equally. Old rhubarb requires from one and onefourth to one and one-half hours.

Light Bread.

Thre or four medium size potatoes, peel and boil, when boiled mashffina; put in two gallon jar with potato "water; put in one handful of salt, one cupful of sugar; stir good; pour in as much water as needed, but not too cold or too hot. If a cold night, wrap up good with old cloaks or blankets to keep warm. Then in morning take out quart of yeast for next settings y then stir in flour enough to make a good paste. Set in warm place to rise, but not too much. Then put in large bread pan with lots of flour with one handful of salt, one handful of lard; stir together until hard dough; put in jar; let rise till light; put in pans; rise again, put in oven, let bake one hour 36 minutes with medium fire. Take out, empty on clean cloth, grease with butter or lard. It makes pretty good bread.

Strawberry Dumplings.

Mix together a pint of flour, a half teaspoonful of salt and one teaspoonful and a half of baking powder, then rub in two heaping tablespoonfuls of butter. Mix to a soft dough with milk and roll out half an inch thick. Cut in rounds the size of a saucer; on each lay six or eight berries. Draw the edges together in a greased pan and steam for twenty-five minutes. Stand in the oven a moment to dry the tops slightly, then serve'with a hard sauce into which has been beaten as many pulped berries as can be added without curdling the mixture.

Pineapple Pudding.

Place in a saucepan to melt three ounces of butter. When melted add three ounces of flour and one pint of milk. Bring to the boil, stirring all the time. Take off the Are and add three ounces of sugar, the yolks of two eggs and pineapple juice. Put in a pie dish the contents of a smill tin of pineapple chunks; then pour the mixture over and put In the oven to set. Beat the whites of the eggs to a Stiff froth and spread over the pudding; then return to the oven for a few minutes until a nice brown color.

Caramel Pie.

One cup dark brown sugar, one heaping teaspoon of butter and a little water. Let boil till It hairs. Prepare thickening as follows: One egg, one pint of sweet milk, two tablespoons flour, a little more than level; stir egg,, milk and flour together; stir in the boiling syrup and stir constantly until it thickens. Have baked crust same as for lemon pie. Fill baked pie crust and frost Frosting: Beat the whites of an egg until stiff; spread on top of pie, sprinkle with granulated sugar.

Railroad Pudding.

TTfiif cup of lard and butter melted, one-half cup of molasses, one cup of milk, one-half cup raisins, one-half teaspoon of cloves and cinnamon, pinch of salt, one teaspoon of soda, three cups of flour. Steam at least two hours.

Bothersome Paint Spots.

There is a simple and effective way of removing spots of paint from shoes. Moisten the end of a parlor match and rub it on the spots. Than rub off with a dry doth.

Reformed Bandit is A Candidate for Office

7 six-shooter and black Bl mask to briefs, motions . and pleadings. Such is the record of "Al” Jennings, erstwhile bandit, soldier of fortune and terror of the express companies in the Okla- *- homa territorial days. Jennings made amends to sooiety long ago. He was captured by the man hunters and sentenced to life imprisonment in the Federal prison at Columbus, O. President Roosevelt pardoned him after Jennings had served two years. Then Jennings came back to Oklahoma and began the practice of law in Oklahoma City. Now he is making a brilliant campaign for the Democratic nomination {or county attorney of his home county. In announcinig his candidacy he issues a remarkable statement in which he acknowledges the sins of his past and tells of his hopes for the future.

Twenty years ago Jennings was the leader of a band of desperadoes who looted trains in broad daylight and Bluded posses and United States marshals with ease. In October, 1897, he robbed his last train, a Rock Island passenger, near Mince, Okla. He was bqtrayed by a comrade, hunted across the state; doubling and turning like a fox," beating off his prusuers in desperate conflicts, he wes finally captured and sent to Federal prison. He has had a remarkable career. Bora in Virginia, he was educated for the bar at West Virginia university, later emigrating to the Indian Territory. The murder of a younger brother under peculiarly fiendish circumstances made him an enemy of all society. He turned outlaw, robbed banks, trains and express-offices. For years he was a thorn in the fiesh- ot tiie territorial authorities. “Beau Brummel” of the outlaws was the nickname given him because of his unfailing courtesy while holding his victims helpless under the muzzles of a pair of six-shooters. He was such a bandit as Robin Hood, giving away today what his band had risked their lives for yesterday. His cunning and shrewdness saved his followers from death and capture on many occasions. On a hot July day in the nineties Jennings was leading his outlaws in a dash for safety through the Osage reservation. They were eating dinner at a ranch house when the rancher ran into the room speechless with fijght. He whispered to Jennings that a posse of heavily armed marshals were outside demanding dinner. They were at the gate, hardly 100

A DIPLOMAT.

"And what is your opinion of America?” they asked the distinguished visitor. “It is undoubtedly the leader of civilization,” he earnestly replied. “Your teeming cities, the great sweep of the western prairies, the grandeur of her mountains, and the prosperity of her citizens, immeasurably astonish me. We should be envious of her advancement did we not know her,^as—our friend.” “And the women of America?” He smiled, with half-dosed eyes. "Ravishing! Such wit!” His. eyes glowed. “Such good breeding! So superbly gowned! They have no equal anywhere!" With Hasty thanks, the reporters clambered down to their tug and raced off to catch file extra editions, leaving the famous guest to prepare for his first glimpse of our glorious country.—Llppincott’s.

Outside Assistance.

Patient (a sportsman who has been badly peppered)—But, hang It all, doctor, since the accident I’ve gained two pounds! Doctor—Ah, but you forget the amount of shot you received in your back. —Tattlpr.

Nothing to Do.

“Jlbbs has an easy time.” Tstbataor “Sure. Hl* wife even makes up hie mind for him."

FORMER BANDIT’S ANNOUNCEMENT

“In announcing myself as a candidate fop county attorney of Oklahoma county (subject to the Democratic primaries on August 6, 1912) I beg to say that it is not without mature and serious thought that I have done so. "I have thought over all that might be objectionable. I have raked through the gray ashes of the past. I have taken a retrospective glance into the dark recess of days that are gone, and I am willing that God’s sunlight be turned full upon every act of my past life. “I never wittingly deceived anybody; I never betrayed a trust or violated a confidence, and I would

feet away from the door. Therfc was Twt-R-tßce-Jn a ttillpl ts the officers, came in a bloody fight would ensue. Jennings was afraid of a stampede and a running conflict The rancher was afraid his wife and children might be killed. The outlaw leader sat quietly at the table. “Pass the soup, please,” said Jennings in a matter-of-fact tone. The tension was broken. ,Hls men slipped back into their seats, keeping their hands on their guns. Jennings got up, looked out at the impatient officers and said to the rancher: “Go out and tell those boys that they can’t get any dinner here today. Tell them so they will understand it.” “Those boys” understood. The rancher made it very plain to them that Jenningß’ band was inside and every man in the posse was covered by a gun.. They rode on. As soon

OBJECT OF ENVY.

A deep sigh of sorrow broke from the lips of little Freddie. - “I wish,” he said, plaintively, "I wish I wuz Billy Smith.” His mother was astonished—shocked. “Why, Freddie?” she asked. “Billy Smith has none of the nloe things you have. He doesn’t get any pocket money, and he isn’t as big as you, and he’s not nearly so-strong. His father never buys him presents or—” "Yes; I know all about that,” said Freddie. “But—” . "And then look what a nice home you have, and nice books, find yon never have to go out when it’s cold and wet to carry papers, &gnd—” “Yes, I know that," said Freddie, irritably, annoyed at his mother's strange lack of sympathy and understanding. "But Billy kin wiggle his ears, and I can’t.” —Answers.

Loyai.

“Now listen to me.” “All right; doc.” "You are threatened wit a nervous breakdown.” "I know it." ‘Ton must quit worrying.’’ “I can't do it,- doc, until after all the players are signed. It wouldn’t be loyal to the home team.” ,

Quite Futile.

Ha never does deceive his trow, And here’s the reason why: Hie doesn’t trust him, anyhow, And there’s no nee to try,

not deny the truth of my .past for any office within the gift of the people.

"If would rather have my record In Its blackest hue than to be pointed out as a public "grafter,” official "crook” or embezzler, who had violated his oath and prostituted the trust imposed upon him by the people. "If the people are willing to confide to my care the office of county attorney of Oklahoma county I pledge my word and honor that I will send the men who have embezzled your money and violated their oaths of office to the penitentiary. al. J. JENNINGS.”

as they were out of sight the outlaws slipped into the corn fields and con* tlnued their flight 7 officers were close behind. Early in the afternoon they crossed the Arkansas river into Pawnee county, and Jennings’ quick wit alone saved them from annihilation in the river bottoms. The corn was tall enough to shield the bandits who followed a wagon trail through the field. Near the edge of the field Jennings’ quick eye saw a wide mark in the dust of the road. He took it as a friendly warning, and after some argument the band wheeled and rode off through the com rows to a timbered hill. They hid there until late afternoon. Just about sundown one of the bandits looked off toward the river and exclaimed: “Well, what do you think of that?” There was the posse recrossing the river to the Osage side with the sun glittering on their rifles. Later Jennings learned that the warning mark had kept him from riding straight into an ambuscade where "Bud" Ledbetter, deputy marshal, and a dozen heavily armed possemen were waiting. The first volley would have emptied every outlaw saddle. This was all in a day’s work for the slim young bandit, who long ago gave up outlawry to take up the profession that was then busy hunting him down. He was attorney for the defense in the recent trial of the Craven’s gang at Guthrie. Oklahoma is beginning to forget the train robber and think of Jennings altogether as a lawyer. Jennings went adventuring in South American republics years ago. He met O. Henry, that O. Henry whose real name was Sidney Porter, down in one of the “banana republics." Jennings i was a fugitive at the time, but he later went back to his “long riding” to the robbing of banks and trains and his hide-and-seek with the officers. Tears afterward he and O. Henry renewed their friendship, and Jennings spent much time in New York with the short-story writer. “▲I" Jennings first practiced law in Canadian county, Okla., where he was county attorney for one term. This was in the first years of his life in the southwest It was after this promising start in the west that he became a bandit Now that he has entirely given up his old companions and his love for outlawry, he hopes to get back into the harness of tbs law.