Evening Republican, Volume 16, Number 142, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 13 June 1912 — Page 2

Surprising Elephant Facts MOST PEOPLE DO NOT KNOW

4 * ' X- ■ ele Phant is the best £ known and at the ' A—same time the least } known of all wild animale. Paradoxical as this may BOund > !t ,s nevertheless true. ?i'- Nearly every one has V, seen an elephant and jA nearly every one imagines be knows what one looks like. But fc this popular impression as well as most of the be lief about the elephant are erroneous. In the first place the elephants we see here in America are Indian elephants. They are undersized, even the largest of them. " A full-grown African elephant Is ; nearly three times the size of Jumbo, which was the largest elephant ever brought to America. I hpve ehot several specimens which stood over thirteen feet and which weighed at least twice as much as Jumbo. Next to the monkey, the elephant is the wisest and most Intelligent of all animals. lam not saying this of the domesticated Indian elephant, but of the African elephant in his native state. And the African elephant is always a huge, wild beast. He is never domesticated. During the past two years that I spent in British East- Africa and Uganda studying the elephant as he -has lived for centuries, I learned several things about him that entitles him to be called the most intelligent of all animals, the monkey alone excepted. In many respects he surpasses the monkey, but the latter’s intelligence more nearly approaches our own, and for that reason we must consider him the highest type of intelligence. Much'to my surprise, I discovered that the bun elephant is rarely a fighter. Indeed, there Is little danger from him. The generally accepted theory that the big bulls are not found In the big herds is a fallacy. The bull elephants that are found roaming alone are almost invariably senile gentlemen who have been cast off by a herd. While I succeeded In getting three splendid specimens of bull elephants the finest specimen Is still at large. „ I was unable to get Mm, for the reason that he lives in the center of a herd of 700 elephants, who guard him night and day. These herds of elephants have cow leaders. The leader is usually an old animal with an ugly disposition. The cows protect the bulls, and the moment they scent danger they crowd around them in order to prevent them from being shot. If they can see the hunters they will charge them, leaving enough of their number to guard the j-Staßs. - r- — Their sense of smell Is very acute. They can detect the presence of a man a thousand yards off, but unless he is moving they can’t see him, even ■-1 f he Is within a hundred yards. When they catch a whiff of wind tainted by man the cow elephants charge in that direction and it is a hundred to one that they will locate the person. Jf.lt happens that a hunter can get near enough to shoot a bull elephant the cows gather around the bull and try to carry him away. I saw several cows vainly try to carry off a big bull elephant that I had shot. ■-* If he had been able to make any effort himself they would have succeeded, but the bullet from my rifle had finished him, and after trying for several minutes to lift him up and get

HUMOROUS HAPPYLAND

Where He Drew the Line. *1 don’t find you trying to sell me blue paint when I ask for black,” said the irate customer. “I don’t object to you trying to force me to buy a screwdriver because you haven’t the sort of garden hoSe I want.” ■ "My dear sir—’’ “You can try substitution all you want to, and if you get away with it all right you try to convince 'toe every time I come into your store that I ought to adopt your politics instead of my own, I draw the line. Good day.’’ ’

Her Future.

Charitable Visitor —Has the little girl ever worked in fractions? Tenement Dweller—No, ma’am; but she’s going to work in a factory soon.

Unforgettable?

'lt’s a fine play, don’t you think?" < . "Quite unforgettable! Where shall We have supper afterward?" —Rire.-

So Thoughtful of Him.

Bridegroom (two days after weddfeg)—l haven't seen anything yet of Jwet >5,00 check from your father. s Bride—Well, you see, dear, papa • heard that your father had already given us one, and he knew we ghonMn't earn to have duplicate pres- • ante.

Aftermath.

~—.4. t rrwr’ - KRHs the editor tn 7 t Th* <Hvfc club’s banl»rt mu t ha\ > been a buwi2r.~

him in motion the cows ran off and left him. These African elephants have many signals which they use to communicate among themselves; for instance, when a cow gets the wind of a hunter she signals "bn guard," and immediately every elephant in the herd stops grazing and listens with trunk to the ground. They are as silent as the grave. Even when a shot among them causes a stampede and the forest resounds with the first crash of their moving, they can disappear without making the slightest noise. They can move so silently that I have often come within fifteen or - twenty yards of a big beast, mistaking his trunk and forefeet -for trees in the jungle. On several occasions the beasts receded so quickly and so quietly that I lost them altogether. When they want to they can make more noise than any animals In the world. A herd of two or three hundred will trample down an entire native village and all the farms around It with such noises that can only be compared to an earthquake. Again a herd will slide through the forest so quietly than you can’t hear them ten yards away. As their senses of smell and hearing are acute, they rarely fall into the elephant pits which the natives dig to capture them. I don’t suppose one pit in a hundred accomplishes its mission. When the elephants go through the forests they hold their trunks close to the ground, and by tapping every now and then then can detect any pit, no matter how skillfully concealed, before stepping Into it. The moment they strike any ground that is the least bit suspicious they tap It carefully and make wide detours. Of course, when a herd is stampeded they haven’t time to Investigate the ground and then they sometimes fall into the pits. The generally acepted theory that the calves are only to be found with cows is also a fallacy. The cows are the leaders and the fighters of the herds, so it is only natural that they should turn over their offspring to be cared forhy the bulls when they themselves are busy. And that is exactly the case. I have seen bull elephants playing

Prestige.

“The Cllmbleys have advanced another round on the social ladder." “How Is that?” “They lost two friends who were first cabin passengers on the Titanic."

Why He Asked Her.

She —I am sure there are many girls who could make you happier than I pould. He—That’s just the difficulty; they could, but they won’t

Beyond the City Limits.

Mrs. Knlcker—So you had to discharge the waitress? Mrs. Stubbubs —Yes; Henry takes his breakfast on the run and she never could throw the roll into his mouth.

Right Way to Proceed.

"If you take each job as you come to It opportunity will be chasing after you. Instead of you chasing after opportunity.”—President James, University of Illinois. J---

More Slander.

“Ever notice at a woman’s gathering how guilty the other women look when a fresh arrival comes in?" “That’s right; whether they have been talking about her or not.” Why must these alleged press humorists always be slandering the' .women?

General Exit.

'“'Was the audience enthusiastic ?•’ “Yes, Indeed. I never before saw people so anxious to get out of a

With the calves and . looking after them oh numerous occasions. The fact that you see a couple of calves does not indicate that a cow is close by. Their papa may be in charge of them. It is only a matter of a few years until the African elephant wilt be extlnct. Most of the fine specimens have been killed off already. The herds that are roaming the jungles have little ivory, and are, therefore, immune from elephant hunters. However, as civilization spreads, the herds are being destroyed, for the reason that they are a menace to the safety of the natives, besides being the de< stroyers of much property. Now that they are suspected of carrying sleeping sickness, doom Is sealed. For this reason I am anxious to return to Africa as soon as possible to complete the specimens for my group. Unless Idoso no museum will be able to group elephants as they are in all their glory. I Inspected hundreds of elephants without finding any really fine specimens. Mrs. Ackley and I shot three bulls having tusks each weighing over 100 pounds. But what lam after particularly is a bull with tusks weighing 200 pounds, a full-grown animal. Many elephant hunters have killed three and four hundred animals without finding 'as large tusks as we did, . but we were on the lookout only for the finest specimens. These fine specimens are very rare, for the reason that when a bull develops tusks of fifty pounds, which Is quite an early age, perhaps twenty-five years, he becomes the target of every hunter, black or white, who setseyes on him. Thus it is only the more crafty bull elephants that, seeking the protection of large herds or clinging to the more inaccessible regions such as dense forests, managed to survive to a ripe old age and develop a growth of ivory. There is one old bull, perhaps the most splendid specimen in Africa, well known in Uganda, who has been seen by many hunters. He is so well protected by a large 'herd of aggressive cows, who charge on the slightest intimation of danger, that no one has been able to reach him. 1 ' On my return to Uganda I Intend to find him and eventually install him in the Museum of Natural History.

Provocation.

£ “Bingley, why does Oldboy refuse to speak to you? You used to be great friends." "Yes, when we were bachelors; but he’s married now.” “And what difference does that make?” “Well, the fact is, I made him a handsome wedding present of a book, and he hasn't spoken to me since.” “What was the book?” “'Paradise Lost’”—Tit-Bits.

At the Zoo.

Mrs. Rhinoceros—You have beq® drinking again. Mr. Rhino —Imposhible, m’dear; don’t you see the horn is above my mouth?"

Hard Reality.

“He pretends to be a very busy man.” “By jinks, there’s no pretense about it He supports a wife and seven children on a salary of >6O a month."

The Point of View.

“Do the Bronsons lead an ideal married life?” “Well, the answer depends on what you consider an 'ideal married life. They seldom see each other.” "I do believe my brother will be a bachelor. He has such bad luck! Every time he wants to marry a girl for love she has too little money."

Listen.

•’Money tilks," but it Is not diw cordial with US..,•

POINT COOK SHOULD KNOW

Difference Between Simmering and Boiling Is Explained for Benefit of Housewife. ▲ point which the cook should know is the difference between simmering and boiling. Roughly speaking, it is easy to see the difference between the two. When a liquid boils at full pitch Its surface will be closely covered with bubbles, and the whole surface will, so to speak, rock and swell with the heat, in which condition it very quickly bolls over. When it simmers, however, the surface of the liquid will simply ripple like a pond into which a stone has been thrown, the water keeping all the time at gentle shiver. If you allow meat' or anything that the recipe says should be simmered to boll up and bubble, the substance in question will harden and become stringy, giving out all its goodness to the liquid in which it is cooked, the said liquid being only too frequently thrown away. But if in your zeal to keep the dish at simmering point you keep it at the side of the stove where the liquid never reaches boiling point, the substance in question may heat, but it will only steep, nut cook.

HOUSEHOLD QUESTIONS

When paint sticks to glass it can be removed with hot vinegar. To brighten oil lamp burners boil for fifteen minutes in buttermilk. When soaking mackerel or other salt fish, see that the skin side is uppermost. Charcoal in pieces the size of a pea or burnt cork once a week is good for all poultry. _. A cloth dipped in ammonia will often remove stains from the collar of an overcoat. Iced water in a pitcher will keep much longer if a paper bag is placed over the top. A good black ink, mixed with white of egg, will restore the color of kid shoes and gloves. To polish zinc, rub briskly with a cloth dipped in kerosene and rinse off with boiling water. A porcelain tub or sink may be thoroughly cleaned with a flannel dipped in spirits of turpentine. Keep the wax coated boxes in which crackers are packed, for they make excellent polishers for irons. Save soapsuds if you have a garden, for they form a very useful manure for flowers, shrubs and vegetables.

WAY TO MEASURE SKIRTS

Woman of Enforced Economies Is Shown How to Avoid Some Worries. What woman of enforced economies has not been worried almost Hl over the measuring of a skirt? But relief is In sight, for in Europe they are selling a device consisting of a frame which may be attached to the edge of almost any table, and to this frame is hinged a pair of semielliptical wings, shaped to conform to the curvature of a skirt’s lower edge. Loosely attached to one of these wings is a tape measure which slides along the skirt as a guide to mark its length. The other wing has a linen cover, which may be pinned to the waistband of the skirt to facilitate the marking of the latter.

rolling Chicken In Oven.

Cut from a broiler the tot or the wing and breast, as the patient prefers dark meat or light. Lay it in a clean, hot dripping pan, and cook in a moderately hot oven, turning the chicken several times and rubbing it with butter as you do so. This method of broiling the chicken preserves the juices better than ordinary broiling. If you are not sure of its tenderness lay in covered over a pan of boiling water, on a gridiron or toaster, for half an hour before it goes into the oven.

Excellent Cocoa Pie.

- One pint whole sweet milk, one-half cup sugar, yolks of two eggs, one and one-half tablespoonful of corn starch; two tablespoonfuls of cocoa; one teaspoonful of vanilla, dissolve cocoa and corn starch in a little pt the milk, boil in double cooker until thick; fill a baked crust and cover with a merangue made of whites of two eggs beaten light, with two tablespoonfuls sugar; brown the merangue in a slow oven. Serve pie cold.

Baked Eggs.

Have ready four hard boiled eggs cut in halves lengthwise and place them in a fireproof dish. Make a white sauce with two ounces of butter, one tablespoonful of flour, two ounces of grated Parmesan cheese, half a pint of milk, pepper, and salt. Boil thoroughly and pour over the eggs and brown thdm in the oven. Serve in the same way, very hot ...

Rhubarb Pie.

Here is a tried and true recipe: After lining a plate with paste, rolled rather thick, add rhubarb cut in ono< half-inch pieces to the depth of about an inch. To a quart of rhubarb add a large teaspoon of sugar, a saltspoon t salt, and a little grated nutmeg. ,hake over a little flour. Bake in a quick oven. Thia is much superior to those made of stewed fruit

OCEAN LANES and THEIR ORIGIN

WHEN the survivors of the Titanic were picked up by the Carpathla, which had been summoned to their assistance by wireless less than six hours before, people who could see more than the appalling horror of the tragedy that had preceded the rescue, wondered and said: “But how fortunate that there was a ship near to pick them up. Suppose there hadn’t begn?” As a matter, of fact, nobody but a landlubber would have made such a remark. Any man who knew the sea and its ways would have been decidedly surprised had the Titanic’s survivors been compelled to wait longer than they did, situated as they were in the direct track of all vessels following what is known as the southern course across the Atlantic. Indeed, the testimony before the senate investigating committee disclosed that at least one steamer had been within nearer range of the distressed liner than the Carpathla, and, according to still other participants in the tragedy passed within five miles of the Titanic before she went down. Now, if you really are a landlubber and if, conversely, you know nothing about the laws and customs of the seas, you will, like the people referred to above, remark what a wonderful thing it was that so many ships could respond to the Titanic’s "C. Q. D." call, and dismiss the whole affair as a remarkable coincidence.. On the contrary, there was no coincidence about it —not any more so than If an automobilist on the Merrick road should break down on a lonely stretch out beyond Sayville, let us suppose, and should receive help from a brother of the gasolene fraternity within the next fifteen or twenty minutes. A Much Traveled Thoroughfare. No, the Titanic’s misfortune happened to her on one of the most frequently traveled thoroughfares of the many that sere the seven seas all over the globe. Outside of a few thickly frequented marine highways, like the British channel, or certain stretches of the Mediterranean, or our own Long, Island -sound, the Titanic could not have picked out a better place to sink in, with reasonablehope of rescue in a short time. Had it not been for a slip-up or misunderstanding which has yet to be explained, the nearest ship to the wrecked liner would have been alongside in ample time to take off all her passengers and crew. Nowadays, as, for that matter, from time out of mind, ships do not stray off certain well defined lanes unless driven to do so by unprecedentedly severe weather. But nowadays this holds true even more than formerly. In former times, the prevailing winds at different seasons, the set of various ocean currents, and similar natural phenomena, played considerable parts in the determination of the great trade routes, just as the location of wells and oases determines caravan routes across the African deserts. Ships naturally steered on courses on which they were most helped by the winds blowing at the different season pf the year, as well as by currents like the Gulf Stream. The lines used by the great transatlantic liners, however, are governed entirely by the ice-drift from the north. This ice-drift is a regular phenomenon, and clogs the seas as far south as the latitude of Cape Hatteras to a point about 40 degrees west longitude, not very* far from the Azores. That is to say, about half the seas between the American and European continents are subject to the peril of the iceberg. Tears ago skippers discovered this, and when transatlantic travel began to assume the proportions of an industry, the custom gradually grew up of setting regular routes of travel across the Atlantic, depending upon the presence oflce. North and South Lanes. ' The northern, or short lane, is followed late In the year, after all the Greenland floes and bergs have drifted down and disintegrated in the warmer southern waters; the southern or short course Is that followed the greater portion of the year, when the presence of toe is a constant menace to navigation. There is not a great deal of latitudinal difference between the two, and there is bo attempt to get wholly below the limit of the ice drift, for that would involve an impossible and really futile detour; but the southern course was always regarded

as absolutely safe, until the disaster to the Titanic. To find the beginnings of sea lanes of travel, you must go far back to the beginning of things, io the days when men first ventured on the sea and pushed timorously from cape to cape, anchoring by night and rarely sailing but of sight of land. The Phoenician mariners, who sent their galley® through the Pillars of Hercules and up to Ireland for cargoes of tin, were among the first to map out recognized routes for sea commerce, and one cannot resist a deep respect for their daring in thus exploring a way that their ancestors must have looked upon with wholly superstitious dread. In the ardent world, it is true, the ocean lanes were not many. Principal among them were the several courses from the Pillars of Hercules, either along the African coast, via Carthage, or 'the coasts of Gaul, Italy, and Greece, and so on, to the common base of all, the ports of Asia Minor, where the commerce of the ancient world met and was sifted and then redistributed on Its way to thousand smaller marts. Countless less important routes branched out from these, carried them on or projected into limited areas of water, surrounded by large populations which had a commerce of their own. In every case the paths of the trading galleys were Invariably the same. * The middle of the Mediterranean was probably seldom furrowed outside of the few tracks pursued by vessels traveling from one side of it to the other, say from Carthage or Alexandria to Athens or Rome. Men crept along the coasts or rowed uncertainly from island to island, unless they could not help themselves. And It is strangely true that nowadays, when the ocean lanes are so much greater in number, so incomparably far-flung in character, the same? general conditions hold good on the grander scale that has been assumed. The waters of the world—or that portion of it which is to any extent inhabited —are criss-crossed in every direction by innumerable paths followed by vessels, both sail and steam; but it is still possible to find wide areas in which a sail or a steamship’s smoke are not sighted for months on end. What vessel blown into the middle of the vast tract in the South Atlantic, roughly delimited by the routes followed by vessels from North American ports to Gibraltar, and by the course of ships from the South American ports bound for Europe, would have any logical hope of assistance?

Teacher Has Her Own Farm.

Miss Anna Nedobtyty, teacher at the Franklin school, has demonstrated her ability as a practical farmer by raising asparagus on her "five-acre country home near Davis Crossing on the White Bear road. ; - . After 25 years of teaching in the St Paul public schools Miss Nedobyty determined to try her hand at vegetable gardening. _ .» She first decided on- the bee industry, but after investigating gave if up because of the amount of time it takes to care for the bees. She then spent a summer on a berry farm to learn how to raise berries. That was abandoned because of occasional-failure of crops. After consulting with experts on farm products she-decided on asparagus, because a Crop is certain regardless of frost, late spring or dry summer. *Then, too, it is easy to take care of, the cutting being all over with by June and nothing is left to do but keep down the weeds until about the middle of August Miss Nedobyty will soon make the first cutting, and she declares she will have a good yield. 1 ..I'- ■ Two years ago a modern two-story six-room house waa erected, and since that time Miss Nedobyty has lived there each year from April until De. cember 1. When school is in session She comes in each morning and returns each evening, the farm being 30 minutes’ ride from the downtown district—St. Paul Aoneer Press.

New Enterprises in Finland.

A shoe factW is starting in Finland with modern machinery, with a daily output ot 500 pairs. Workmen largely subscribed the»0,000 Among other new enterprises are a bobbin factory at Tavastehus; biscuit works at Abo, equipped for a dally production UmricA nf ihm Wffd tn TRnlftnd. terpnse oi kiuu in riiAwiib