Evening Republican, Volume 16, Number 52, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 29 February 1912 — Page 3

The CIVIL WAR

FIFTY YEARS AGO THIS WEEK - 4 ;

February 18, 1862. Quantrel and Parker, partisan Confederate leaders, made a daring dash on a body of Ohio cavalry near Independence, Mo. The engagement,; which did not rise above a skirmish, was exceedingly hot for a short time. The Confederates got away neatly. The constitutional convention for the new state of Western Virginia, which had been holding sessions in •iWheeHng for 69 days, adjourned. The !free state provision was defeated In the convention. Commisioners were appointed having power to re assemble the convention if the new state is admitted into the Union by congress. The tone of English speech regarding the United States was different thlssday. John Bright made a strong speech in Parliament denouncing' the attitude of England in the Trent affair, and Earl Russell explained the case of Mr. Shaver, a British subject in prison at Port Warren, sustaining the action of 'the American government Flag Officer Goldsborough and Brigadier General Burnside issued a proclamation at Roanoke Island inviting the inhabitants of North Carolina to separate themselves from the malign Influences of the bad men in their midst and to return to their aliegiance. - ■ ' • The first session of the congress of the permanent government of the Confederate states was opened at noon in the capitol at Richmond, Va, February 19, 1862.

i The Memphis Appeal rumored the evacuation of Columbus, Ky„ by the Confederates. “General Polk issued orders yesterday that the track of the Memphis & Ohio railroad should be torn up and the bridges burned, which order vail obeyed, and by this time the work of destruction is complete on e. great part of the road,” says the issue of this date. “A rumor prevailed on the streets this afternoon that General Polk was. preparing to evacuate Columbus tomorrow, remove all the guns, etc., and demolish the fortifications. The forces at New Madrid and Port Pillow, together with the Columbus troops, are to report to Memphis at once, and make a stand, making an army of 80,000 men.” President Lincoln issued the following proclamation: “It is recommended to the people of the United States that they assemble in their customary places for meeting for public solemnities, on the twenty-second day of February, and celebrate the anniversaryNjf the birth of the Father of His Country, by causing %o be read his immortal Farewell Address.” The electoral votes for president and vice-president of the Confederate States of America were counted in the Confederate congress at Richmond, Va. The total number of votes cast was 109. They were cast unanimously for Jefferson Davis and Alexander H. Stephens, respectively. The city of Clarksville, on the Cumberland river, in Tennessee, was occupied by the Nationals under Flag Officer A. H. Foote, U. a N. February 20, 186 g. The loss of Forts Henry and Donnelson, and the strategic retirement of General Johnßton to a point in the rear of Nashville, Tenn., caused alarm among the Confederate sympathizers throughout the state. The state government was transferred from Nashville to Memphis. The transfer was ordered by resolution of the assembly. Isfaam G. Harris, governor of Tennessee, made complaint of the difficulty he had experienced in organizing the militia for defense, and asked for* a remodeling of the militia system. A monster defense meeting was held in. Memphis to act on his suggestions. The stores in the streets were closed, business was suspended, and the populace turned out to see what might be done, so; imminent seemed the approach of the Union troous. The United States steamer Stepping Stoned reconnoitering in the Occoquan creek, in Virginia, in company with a launch and boat’s crew from the Yankee, were warmly handled by a masked battery that opened -on them as they were descending the creek. The fire was hot on both sides until the Union vessels passed out of range. - . 5* \ . 4 Winton, N. C., was burned by the Federal forces under General Burnside. The troops, with gunboats, ascended the Chowan river, where the Confederates opened lire on them. The national tnoopa landed and destroyed the town in retaliation. Jk'&valry raid by troops under General Mitchell in the vicinity of Russel viSe, Ky., netted 11 Confederate prisoners. Fsbruery 21, 1882. v The Richmond Whig deplored the proposition made by Governor Letcher of Virginia to call out for organisation and drill all male inhabitants between the ages of sixteen and sixty. “We have a very great doubt whether each a mass would effect more good than michief,” the paper skid. "To call out the whole male population of the rural districts over sixteen and under sixty-five, or even between eighteen and forty-live, would he * mischievous and inexcusable folly. In the first place, we have no arms to pnt4h,th«r hfyde, , , . In the second place, i®;':.-.■ -if >■

it would ruin the industrial pursuit* of the state and leave ns without the means of prosecuting the war beyond the present session. There will be no want of men without any extraortlnary legislation. . . . If there should be a deficiency, It could easily be supplied hy a draft 7 In a battle that lasted from nine o’clock in the morning until sundown*, near Valverde, N. M., a Confederate force under Colonel Steele defeated and drove in a Federal force under Colonel Canby. Valverde was a little town on the Rio Grande river, near the boundary between New Mexico and Arizona, and seven miles from Fort Craig. The Federal force, which comprised the garrison of Fort Craig, was supported by a battery of six guns under Captain Mcßae. Captain Mcßae was killed in a charge by the Confederates and the battery was captured.

Capt. Nathaniel P. Gordon, commander of the slave ship Erie, was executed at New York, according to sentence. He had attempted to commit suicide at three o’clock in the morning by taking strychnine, hut the physicians succeeded in prolonging his life until it could be taken by process of law. February 22, 1862. Jefferson Davis was inaugurated president of the Confederate States of America at Richmond, Va. The ceremony was at noon, in front of the capital. The oath of office was administered by J. D. Halyburton, Confederate judge. Western Tennessee was proclaimed under martial law by General Grant in a proclamation Issued from Fort Donelson. “Whenever a sufficient num-' ber return to their allegiance to maintain law and order over the territory, the military restriction will be removed," the order concluded. Henry T. Clark, Confederate governor of North Carolina, issued a proclamation calling on the people of the state to respond to the requisition made on the state by the Confederate government for men and money. Washington's birthday was generally celebrated throughout the nation, and the army and navy. The slcop-of-■war Adirondack was launched at the navy yard at Brooklyn. A breakfast given by Americans in London in honor of the birthday of Washington was made the occasion of patriotic speeches and the expression of friendliness toward Great Britain. The breakfast was held in Free Mason’s hall. Two hundred persons attended. The bjghop of Ohio presided. The Hon. C..F Adams, United States minister to Great Britain, responded to the toast “Georgp Washington.’’ The bishop of Ohia proposed the health of Queen Victoria. Mr. Moss, United consul at London, proposed “The Union,” and Cyrus W. Field spoke to “England and America.” President Lincoln's order of January 27 for a general advance on February 22 was not obeyed.

February 23, 1862. Fayetteville, Ark., a town on the White river, 150 miles west of Little Rock, was burned and abandoned by a force of Confederates today, before the advance of a Federal force under General Curtis. The Confederates, who were greatly outnumbered, retreated over the Boston mountains. ' General Halleck Issued an order to all the troops under Ms command defining the policy to be pursued by the forces as they advanced, private property was ordered to be strictly respected, and all non-combatants treated at neutrals, unless they were known to be giving aid to the Confederates, in which case they were to be treated as belligerents. , Regarding the slavery question as a matter for the civil authorities, he prohibited the admission of fugitive slaves within the Union lines except by special order of the generals commanding. Nashville, Tenn., was by the Confederates, haVing become untenable since the fall of Forts Henry and Donelson and the* advance of the i-Union army by river. - President Lincoln appointed Andrew Johnson military governor x>f'TennesBvv. February 24, 1882. An expedition composed of four iron-clad gunboats and two mortar boats, with the Twenty-seventh Illinois and a battalion of the Eighth Wisconsin made a reconnoissance from Cairo to Columbus. The Confederates were found to have seized all the fiat boats and skiffs as far pp the river as they dared to go. A movement of the troops in Columbus was also detected. Lieut A. C. Rhind, U. S. N., with Lieut. Prentiza and three men, discovered a bonfederate battery in process of erection at Bear Bluff, opposite White Point on the North -.Edisto river, South Carolina. Two pickets who were found asleep in the magazine were seized, but one of them, resisting, was accidentally shot by Lieutenant Rhind. A body of Texas Rangers concealed In a house at Mason’s Neck, near Occoquan, Virginia, fired on a body of Union soldiers and precipitated a lively skirmish la which the Federala suffered the loss of two men. The Rangers were not dislodged from the house, and their loss was not Harper’s Ferry, Va., was occupied by a Federal force under General Banks. The troops were unopposed. (Copyright. Wt by W, O. Chapman.) *V-* i—»

Used to It.

"Wasn’t your son horrified at the Moody massacres he saw fit the •• •• : - -OhL dev. w! * r* football player to mind it” "V' v v - ... ,'w. • -.tr

NOTES ON CHEMICAL LABORATORY WORK IN SOILS AND CROPS

hE R. SMALLEY, Asst. Chemist, Soils sad Crops Department. Pardee Experiment Starts*, Purdue University Agricultural Extension

Chemistry, as It la applied to agriculture, is ]ierhaps the least understood by the public of all subjects related to farm practice. Many Incorrect ideaß are prevalent even among our most progressive farmers. We often hear fanners say: “If 1 could only have my soil analyzed. I’d know what kind of fertilizer to use." Now this, according to the best authorities, is a wrong conception. Soil analysis still holds an important place in agriculture, but must be used with judgment and not practiced promiscuously. It is of great value in determining soil types and In the study of special problems related to soil fertility, but It must be considered In connection with the various other factors Influencing soil fertility, namely: climatic and seasonal conditions, rotation of crops, physical character of the soil, plant diseases, and Insect pests and other factors of more or less local application. The fertilizer requirements of a particular Boil can best be determined by a field plot fertilizer test such as has been recommended soy several years past In bulletins, circulars, letters and lectures which have gone out from the experiment station. In connection with the soil improvement studies on the various experiment fields of the station chemical soil analyses and various other chemical work is carried on. Soils which are sent to the laboratory by farmers and which are accompanied by a full description, are tested for lime requirements and advice as to methods of handling is given free of charge. A half-pound of soil Is sufficient for such an examination. The use of lime on soils Is increasing in the state and the department of soils and crops is being called upon more frequently to determine the value of the various grades of agricultural lime now on the market. For

WHAT INCUBATOR TO BUY

Animal Husbandry Depart-

By A G. Philips,

ment, Purdue Experiment Station, Purdue University Agricultural Extension

The use of the incubator for the hatching of eggs oh the farm is fast Increasing in popularity and usefulness. Statistics show that about 80 per cent, of Indiana farmers hatch their chicks artificially. " One question that constantly arises is—What is the best incubator to buyT Any one will find it a difficult problem to answer this question satisfactorily to everybody, for so many conditions arise which might Influence the value and usefulness of any machine. Experience has shown that there is as much, if not more, in the eggs that are placed In the machine, and the man who runs it, as there is in the machine itself. Some person will succeed with a machine that his near neighbor has discarded, mid vice versa. Some people stand by hot air machines, while others feel that the hot water are the most satisfactory. If any person wishes to decide on the make of incubator it will be best for him to obtain catalogs and study them carefully. Try and master the principles involved in the construction |S|pech, for if an incubator Is not based upon scientific, as well as pracing satisfactory are decreased. After the principles have been thoroughly understood, decide on two or three that appear to enlt the fancy of the purchaser* then hunt up some reliable party who has used one or more of those machines, and find out his personal experience. Do not pay too much attention to printed testimonials, tor these are statements of . the successes only, and not of the possible many failures. The coat should not control dig kind of machine that is to be used, for some low priced machines are of extremely poor construction, while some of the more expensive machines are well made, and will last for a long period of time. It makes no difference whether a machine be heated by hot water or hot air, providing the method of supplying the heat are the same. If the ventilation In the machine la such that It Is apt to dry oat the eggs. R should be provided, with moisture appliances. TU heat from hot air machines Is

Purdue Chemical Laboratory.

such an analysis the sample must be carefully taken so as to fairly represent the bulk of the material. This is especially true of ground limestone where the state of fineness is of much importance and the finer material Is apt to sift toward the bottom. In connection with crop rotation and soil fertilization experiments with wheat, In which the different elements are used alone and in various combinations, chemical studies .of the composition of the grain are carried on, with particular reference to the effects of the fertilization on the protein content. - A somewhat similar investigation has been carried on with Irish potatoes for the past five years. Potatoes are grown on different soil types, each receiving various fertilizers and manunal treatments. Chemical analysis ana cooking tests of samples from field plats and pot cultures are annually made to determine the effect of soli and fertilizer upon composition and quality. Along with leguminous crop studies of various kinds, the nitrogen in the tops ana roots of say beans and cow peas grown as catch crops after wheat is determined each year and a study is being made of the variation in the nitrogen content of soy beans grown on Inoculated and uninocuiated soils. Another interesting line of chemical work is that In connection with the selective breeding of corn for higher protein content in which analysis of large numbers of seed ears are made and the selection of ears for planting based upon the composition. 4? Many miscellaneous materials come into the laboratory for analysis, such as marl, Band, waste from canneries, sugar beets, iron ore, water, etc., which are either analyzed or referred to the proper authorities for examp lnatlon and report

more expensive to supply than from hot water machines, but it is easier, and can be more quickly regulated. There are too many machines on the market with poor lamps, insecure methods of holding the lamp in the flue, poor or no chick nursery, not sufficient amount of glass in the front door, flues that cannot be cleaned out when clogged with soot, weak dnd wabbly egg traps, poor thermometers, and insufficient ventilation. These points all have a bearing upon the success of the hatch regardless of the make of the machine. If the machine Is built of good lumbar, is supplied with good appliances and conveniences, is. properly ventilated, can keep an even temperature throughout the entire machine, is supplied with moisture, contains eggs with strong fertility, and is managed by a person who win carefully study and handle It, ths hatch win under normal circumstances be satisfactory to all parties concerned. / There is no best machine, and coih sequently no one can recommend any one as far superior to any other.

The Indiana Live Stock Breeder* association, wMch met at Purdue during the week of the short course, January 8, elected W. F. McCray of Kentland as president D. O. Thompson of,the animal husbandry department Purdue university, was re-elected as secretary and treasurer of the association for the coming year, and T. A* Coleman, Rushville, was elected member of the advisory committee of the experiment station.

The various state associations met in a joint reception at the Purdue Memorial gymnasium, Wednesday, January 10. Prof. T. F. Moran gave a short talk on the "Athletic Policy of Purdue,” after which tight refreshments were served. The Purdue band entertained the large crowd with music, and, incidentally, much merriment was produced by a push ball contest between a number of the small boys.

The household economics department offers some very practical and instructive work at the Purdue farmers’ abort course. The demonstrations «ft p-interesting The paper bag cookery, by Mrs. Calvin, was started. ***** ***^* 4 ' ' ~ “V-- - -g. *'T- 7 -*• : -- . ■ Sr.) 3 •- - *

Stock Breeders Met.

State Associations Meet.

Housheold Economics.

The HOME DEPARTMENT

REPLIES TO QUERIES

HINTB AND ADVICE ON ALL KINDS OF SOCIAL FORMB. Mme. Merri, Most Noted Authority on Buch Subjects, Also Furnishes Helping Ideas for Varieties of Home Entertainments. , I want your advice —and hope I don’t ask too many questions of you. Will you suggest a buffet supper for a simple home wedding? Does the bridegroom furnish the flowers for the bride and her maid? What floral decorations, and what flpwer for the bride’s bouquet would you suggest for a February wedding? Is it the proper and necessary thing to make a gift to the bridesmaids and to the pianist also if they are relatives? And for the groom to present the best man with some gift? What would you suggest as being appropriate? Is a black suit, white vest, white shirt and tie a conventional dress for an afternoon wedding—Pat. For a winter buffe ( t supper have scalloped or creamed oysters in patties, chicken salad, cold turkey, coffee, olives, Baited nuts, ice cream, cake, bonbons. The bridegroom presents the bride and her attendants with their flowers. In large cities most of the spring flowers, like hyacinths, tulips and jonquils, are obtainable in February; roses are always lovely with carnations, which are acceptable and beautiful at all seasons. It is quite customary to present the attendants and pianist with some token. usually a pin or something for personal adornment. The men of the party most always have scarf pins or cuff links besides ties and gloves.

Questions From “A. M.” Would you please tell me what would be a proper gift to give to a girl friend whom I have been keeping company with for awhile, as she graduates from the public school this year. Is It proper to give a present when graduating from public schools? Do you think a boy eighteen years old and a girl seventeen years old would be too young to keep steady company, and go to a show or entertainment once in a while If her parents don’t object? Do you think we would be too young to attend private dances at this age?—A. M. It has become quite the custom to bestow gifts on graduates and I would suggest a new book, a card case, a box of candy prettily put up. I think that young people your age are too young to go with each other steadily, for it is not fair to either of you. See a lot Of other girls and boys and be good friends with all. We cannot help having our preferences, but it is just as well not to express them decidedly * too early in life. Take the girl out occasionally. Birthday Party for Tan-Year-Old. I wish to give my little girl, who will be ten years old the 25th of February, a birthday party. The guests will number fifteen or twenty, ages ranging from seven to twelte years. What would you suggest for refresh-

CHAIR FOR DOLL’S HOUSE

Making of Cardboard Furniture Affords a Great Deal of Fun and Amusement. A great deal of fun and amusement can be derived in making cardboard furniture, and with the exercise of a little ingenuity, chairs, tables, stools, and all kinds of furniture can be constructed. As an example, to illus-

trate this, we give a diagram of a chair, which can be traced and then pasted on to a thin piece of cardCardboard Chair for the Doll’s House, board and left to dry, and then carefully cut out with a sharp pair of scissors. After that It is ah easy matter to bend the legs and haek into , their proper positions, and when this has hem done the chair will have the appearance shown la the small sketch

ments, games, prizes, souvenirs, etc.T I do not wish for anything elaborate, but would like something different* Please answer in the Sunday paper. Thank yofu. —“Anxious.” For ijNfresbments you mttpt have ice cream,' or it would not "be a party.* Also a big frosted cake with ten candles and “one to grow on.” At the age often girls love to dress dolls, and I heard es a most successful| party where the girls dressed wee dollies, and prizes were offered for the best one. Ah hour was alloted'to the task. A box of letter paper and a ..box of candy make excellent.prizes, or cup* and saucers. Cunning little basket* may be given for favors. , Questions From “Perplexed.” - If a girl of seventeen never has had a sweetheart or does not care to go with boys at this age, do you think it is right to call her “old maid.” She thinks It looks unladylike to flirt and' have regular sweothearts at the age of seventeen, Do you think a stenographer is a desirable position for a girl? Which are worn more now, large bats or small ones?—-Perplexed. I think it is most unkind and rude to make fun or hurt any one’s feelings and a girl is by no means *an old maid. The position of stenographer is often s very desirable one Both large and small hats are worn, depends upon which Is most becoming, and on which occasion it is to be worn; .v,: Card EtiquettePlease tell me bow many of one’s own and their husband’# cards should be left When calling. Can you recommend a book on such matters? E. M. F.

When calling upon a husband and wife, leave one of yours and twb of your husband’s cards; when paying a visit upon a widow or an unmarried person Just leave one of yours and one of your, husband’s. For each unmarried person in society one card is left. For name of a small up-to-date book of Etiquette send me a self-adddressed, stamped envelope in care of the pa-, per. ’

MADAME MERRI.

Flame Color in Vogue.

A positive furore la noticeable now for flame colors. The glowing red tones that are seen In the featherdecked hats of the winter season ara repeated in the ballroom, where flame*, carnation, rhododendron, cerise and currant shades make vivid splashes of color. v~ f • > • - In simple luftrpus velvet softened about the bodice by silver lace or cream net these red frocks are especUUy; jffpptive for midwinter entertainments, and while the dowagers and young married women choose this fabric and satin the debutantes appear in chiffon, and mouseline de sole that are eguaUy bright, in some cases made up over white and usually touched with silver, , crystal or cut steel embellishments. c-.' ... t •: r

Fur Covered Buttons.

If the odds and ends Of fur are in too small bits to use fir another way, they may sometimes be introduced Into a costume by covering big bottom* with them for use on tfie waist and skirt

on the right-hand side, and to complete It, the paint-box ma? btf sailed into requisition, and-it can he colored. The dotted lines In the diagram indicate the points at which the cardboard should be bent, and It la a good plan to score across the cardboard at these places with the point of a penknife, in order that It may bend fr,eeFor making other pieces of furniture a rough diagram should be drawn upon the cardboard in pend! Id# then cat out. and after you havemade one or two articles in this way-you-will find it quite easy to. Invent and construct all kinds of things.

for Children's Clothes.

Handwork will be much seen 1 , this summer an the children’s elothefc. it will appear on everything, from the wee baby's first dress-to little daughter’s dancing frpok. Eyelet work is easyund most effective, and gives a decidedly french touch to a dainty little batiste or nainsook froth. It is Interesting work to be picked up. when mother hits a few spare moments. Hemstitching la another pretty hand touch for the children's dresses, and can be ailed for hems, collars and turn back cuffs, also belt* -And now that so many deep ruffles are being used around , neek and sleeves nothing could be iore simple or stylish thin to baye, these v hemstitched. ■;< jj,!* '■ - A very dais# way to. fintehj#§|fw' one-piece frocks for the ia to scallop It ground neck sleeves, embroidering dots to every Other .... m 'sJw ■