Evening Republican, Volume 16, Number 34, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 8 February 1912 — Page 3

The CIVIL WAR

FIFTY YEARS AGO THIS WEEK

January 21, ?B£2. The Union reconnoißance In force by General McClemand in the direction of Columbus, Kentucky, return* ed to Cairo. The expedition, consisting. of nearly five thousand men, left Cairo ten days ago and penetrated to a point within a mile and a half of the Confederate defenses about Columbus. The Confederates, seeing the enemy in such force, expected and prepared for an attack. The Union force withdrew, after ascertaining the position, extent and strength of the Confederate defenses. The expedition resulted in the acquisition of valuable information concerning roads that were not marked on the maps in the possession of the Federal officers, as well as a knowle'dge of the Confederate position. Adjutant-General Harding reported, the number of citizens of Missouri that had enlisted in the Union arm;, for three years at 33,882. Lieutenant Ammen, commanding the United States gunboat Seneca, reported to Commodore Dupont that* the negroes in the neighborhood of Port Royal, South Carolina, which was in the hands of the Federal army and navy, were anxious to be furnished with guns. January 22, 1862. I The Memphis Argus published the following: "We are every day called upon to publish the farcical freaks of the Federal legislation which transpire in the Lincoln congress, as a part of the extraordinary history of the times. . . . We notice » . . a bill which one Mr. Hutchins, of Ohio, has announced he will soon introduce into the lower house of that august body. The measure very humanely proposes that the enlightened and Christian north shall aßlume complete control over the ignorant and barbarous south, reducing all her states to the condition of a territorial or provincial government, and then immediately abolish slavery within their limits. . . . But, happily for"the south, the issue is not now one of legislation, but of the sword, not of the ballot, but of the bayonet.” Marble Nash Taylor, loyal provisional governor of North Carolina, made the arrival of General Burnside ah occasion to issue a proclamation from Hatteras, North Carolina, congratulating the people of the state on their deliverance from thraldom by the “invincible arms of the republic,” calling upon them to co-operate with the army in restoring their rights, so recently lost, and appointing the 22d of February as the day on which the ordinances of the provisional convention of November 18 should be submitted to the people for ratification. He also called for an election of United States congressmen, for the same day, to fill the vacancies then existing in the representation of North Carolina in that body. January 23, 1862. Major-General Halleck, commanding the department of the Missouri, threw into jail citizens of St. Louis who endeavored, by legal process, to escape his general order Nb. 24, under which sympathizers of the south were obliged to pay assessments for the benefit of the southwestern fugitives. Samuel Engler, a prominent merchant, refusing to pay his assessment, suffered a seizure of his property to the extent of his assessment and a penalty of twenty-five per cent added. Upon an attempt to recover the property by replevin, both he and his attorney were seized and thrown into the military prison, and subsequently expelled the Union lines, with orders not to return without special permission. General Halleck justified his action under the plea of martial law. A force of one hundred Confederate cavalry entered Blandville, Kentucky, and carried off the books and records of the county. The captain of the band assured the citizens that any who had suffered at the hands of the Union soldiers or who should be made to suffer, would be reimbursed out of levies qn Union sympathizers. The Confederate steamer Calhoun was captured off the southwest pass of the Mississippi river by one of the blockading squadron. The Confederates deserted the vessel after firing her,, but the fire was extinguished by the Unioh sailors and the ( steamer taken off. A stone fleet was sunk by the Federals in the channels of Charlestown harbor to further block the entrances to the port. January 24, 1862. A large meeting in honor of the late General Zollicoffer, killed in tbe battle at Mill Springs, Ky., on January 19, was held in the St. Charles hotel, New Orleans. The following resolutions were adopted: "Resolved, that we have received .the intelligence of the death of General Felix K. Zollicoffer,, with feelings of the profoundest sorrow, and lament bis untimely end as an irreparable loss to the cause for which he heroically gave him life. In private life, or in discharging his public duties, we always found' him an incorruptible patriot Cool and collected amidst troubles, he was unfaltering in the execution of his purpose. *ft> man. since General Andrew Jackson,'enjoyed, so completely, the con-

fldence and undivided esteem of the people of Tennessee. "Resolved, That we mourn hie death as a great public loss, which is only relieved by the recollection that he fell fighting bravely at the head of hisjcolumn, against thelnvaderaofhia country.” Two blockade runners, endeavoring to run tl)e blockade off Pas a I’Outre, at the mouth of the Mississippi, went ashore and were burfled by their crews, who escaped. The schooners were laden with cotton. , j The Union light boat stationed near the middle ground at the entrance to the Chesapeake, broke from its moorings and went ashore at Pleasure House Beach, near Cape Henry. The vessel and crew fell into the hands of the Confederates. January 25, 1862. William H. Seward, secretary of state for the United States, Issued an order to the marshal of the District of Columbia directing him “not to receive into custody any persons claimed to be held to service or labor within the District, or elsewhere, and not charged with any crime or misdemeanor, unless upon arrest or commitment, pursuant to law, as fugitives from such labor or service,” and “not to retain any such fugitives in cusody beyond a period of thirty days from their arrest and commitment, unless by special order of competent civil authority.” The order was to be enforced ten days after its issuance, and had do relation to arrests made by military authority. Governor Pierpont declared vacant ■all the civil offices, on the eastern shore of Virginia, beyond the Chesapeake, recently occupied by a Federal force, and the commanding general of the force issued orders for an election of such officers. The Confederate prisoners taken with the capture of Hatteras Inlet, North Carolnia, who had been released on parole after a period of confinement In Fort Warren, Boston harbor, were released from their parole, having been exchanged for a like number of Union prisoners. Henry S. Foote of Mississippi offered peace resolutions in the Confederate congress at Richmond.

January 26, 1862. General Halleck Issued an order commanding the president and officers of the St. Louis Chamber of Commerce, private organization of business men, to take the oath of alleglance to the United States. If any one of them shall have failed to do so within ten dayß, his office shall be declared vacated, and any atempt on his part to perform its functions will subject him to arrest for contempt and punishment according to the laws of war,” was, the Import of the threat contained in the order. Fifteen thousand men paraded the streets of New in celebration of the first anniversary of the Independence of Louisiana, the state having seceeded on January 26,1861. The parade was followed by a banquet in the St. Charles hotel, at which the governor and high state officials were present. - A reconnoisance of two Federal regiments and a company of cavalry from Camp George Wood, near Munfordville, Ky., developed the presence o( Gen. landman’s Confederate brigade three miles beyond Horse Cave. The railroad track was found destroyed in places to a point within four miles of the Federal the roads were barricaded with trees felled by the Confederates, and the reservoirs In the countryside were reeking with the stench of dead horses and hogs and cattle the Confederates had killed, in their program of making the Union advance as difficult as. possl ble. . °

January 27, 1862. The Reverend Bishop Ames of the Methodist Episcopal church, and Hamilton Fish of New York where appointed by the president as commissioners to visit tUe Confederate prisons and tend to the necessities and wants of the Union soldiers held there. The Norfolk Day Book commented as follows on the appointments: “The Hon. Edwin M. Stanton, who succeeds General Cameron in King Lincoln’s war office, favors us with a remarkable document, the cool effrontery of which excites our unqualified admiration. The exquisite modesty of this proposition to send official inspectors of our defences and general condition entitles Mr. Stanton to the reputation of being the most impudent man among all King Lincoln’s proverbially impudent subjects.” In the Western Virginia Legislature a proposition was introduced to provide that no slave should be brought into the state, and that all children born of slave parents after the first of January, 1865, should be free, and placed under an apprenticeship by the state. The proposition was referred to the committee on General Pro vis ions. Diplomatic correspondence passed between Earl Russell and Secretary Seward, in which the former condemned in strong terms the fact that the British schboner James Campbell, captured for a, breach of the blockade, had been brought into New York with the English flag flying below the American flag. Secretary Steward replied that the unseemly act was. occasioned by a misapprehension of his duties on the part of the Federal officer to charge of the prise, and that Orders had been issued to prevent a repetition of the offense. Tlie president of the United States issued General Order No. 1, commanding a general advance against the Confederate forces in *the field on Febru-ary-22- ' (Copyright, HU. W W. O. Chapmen.)

SHORT COURSES IN AGRICULTURE FOR INDIANA FARMERS

By G. M. FRIER.

Farmers Judging Horses at a Short Course.

Never before in the history of agricultural education in Indiana have there been placed at the doors of our fanners so many opportunities to become trained for the successful carrying on of their business as at the present time. The people, realizing that they had farm problems to be solved and that they were not in a position to attack these scientifically, vigorously and definitely clamored for assistance. Schools' of agriculture and experiment stations were almost at once established and maintained with the people’s money appropriation by their representatives In national and state legislative bodies. As a result of years of study and investigation carried on at these institutions by bodies of trained and expert men a great mass of valuable Information on crops, soils, herd improvement, etc., has been accumulated. Various problems bearing on rural betterment loomed up, were wrestled with, and more or less completer ly solved. We have as yet, however, merely touched the fringe of the great questions of scientific farming and rural betterment. Appropriations made from time to time bV the Indiana legislature have made it possible to present to the people of the state some of the results of experimental work carried on at Purdue university, the headquarters of the agricultural Industry in Indiana. To accomplish the dissemination of the findings and teachings of the agricultural division of the university, the agricultural extension department employs various agencies. Among these agencies probably none is more important and effective than the conducting of farmers’ short courses at various points in the state. Already this season several very successful courses have been held. Some

Originating New Varieties of Wheat

By C. O. CROMER

Purdue University Agricultural Extension

By mixing a white and yellow ear of corn together and planting this mixture the breeder will obtain in each ear the product of a mixture of both the white and. yellow ears. This is because the eorn plant is an open fertilized plant. With wheat it is quite a different proposition. A pint each of Rudy and Michigan Amber wheat when mixed together , and sown will produoe just so much Rudy and an equal amount of Michigan Amber wheat. There will never be a new variety produced containing the blood of the two parent varieties except by accident. How, c then, is a new variety of wheat to be created? The reproductive parts of the wheat plant being encased by differentiated parts called glumes, makes it necessary to transfer by hand the pollen from one vatiety to the pistil of the other variety

Pollinating Wheat

to be used as the female of the proposed cross. The operation is as follows: The operator selects the heads he desires to cross-fertilize. He then removes with small scissors the two top and bottom spikelets and the middle florets of the remaining spikelets, leaving only the strongest and best developed flowers on which to operate. By the use of a small pair of tweezers the pollen sacks are removed from the florets, care being taken to emasculate before any of tbe anthers have liberated any pollen. This bead is tagged arid when the pistils are sufficiently developed pollen from the ether variety la dusted,on the pistils

, Ailotant, mraue umversiiy Agricultural r-xiension uepininciu

Pnrdue UnivereityAgricullund Extensiea

twenty In all will have been held In Indiana by tbe middle of March. It is evident that the greatest interest in this work is manifested and best results obtained when these extension -schools for farmers are held in the smaller towns and villages as Is being done this season. The instructional staff at these schools consists of seven people from the faculty of Purdue university. All work under the direction of Purdue university agricultural extension department. All are experts in their respective. lines. Instruction is given in field crops, livestock, soil improvement, dairying, horticulture, poultry and domestic science. For use in class work a carload of equipment, Including valuable and typical specimens of horses, beef and daily cattle, sheep and swine, is carried, together with spraying and pruning implements, and utensils for the farm dairy, the poultry plant, and for domestic science demonstrations. For illustrating the regular lectures, charts, bromides and a fine stereopticon lantern are used. Upwards of 6,000 fanners have been reached directly thus far this season by means of short courses. Eight thousand to 10,000 more will be reached t directly before spring, or a total of'over 15,000 in all. - The indirect results of these short courses cannot be represented by figures. One such course should be held in every county. Even now the demand for short courses is far greater than the funds at the disposal of the extension department can care of and at tbe saiqe time give due attention to other important lines of work. Applications for short courses next year should be made early. Address all communications jn this connection to Agricultural Extension Department, Purdue University,

of the florets. The wheat head Is then wrapped in tissue paper and allowed to ripen. The mature grain is planted and for at least three years the principle of selection is 'rigidly applied to each year’s progeny in search for the type in which is found the largest number of desirable characters and the least number of undesirable qualities of the two parent varieties. This desired type is then multiplied and cornea to be known as a new variety.

Feeding Sheep.

The animal husbandry department started a third sheep feeding experiment December 11. One hundred and forty Idaho lambs, sired by Hampshire bucks, are being used for this test. The lambs were bred by Wood Brothers, who have made a reputation for themselves In producing highclass range lambs. This experiment is being conducted along the same line as the two previous trials, the object being to demonstrate the difference in feeding value between leguminous and non-leguminous roughage and the effect of adding a nitrogenous concentrate to each of tbe two classes of roughage. In addition to this phase of the experiment, a study will be made of the affect of corn silage with and without cottonseed meal to a ration of corn and clover hay. A test is also being made as to the most profitable amount of silage to be used in fattening lambs. The completion of this work will give three experiments which will be published ip bulletin form as early as possible. -

Orchard Heating.

The bulletin on “Orchard Heating,’’ prepared by C. G. Woodbury arid J. W. Wellington, of the Purdue. Experiment station staff, will prove a valuabe publication to tbe orchardists of Indiana. The experimental work was done in Mr, J. M. Zion’s 59* acre orchard at Clark’s Hill, Ind. The tests showed the efficiency of the various makes of orchard heathm, of oil and coal as fuel, and the practicability of smudging in Indiana. Acorn 1 ate records were taken of three separate tests and they prove conclusive ly that smudging pays in the well-kept orchard. The members of the Apple Knockers’ club are plaanmg to give a fruit show at the time of the farmers' short course at Purdue. This will b* one of the many worthy efforts of th* club, which is a very recent organize tfon bat exceedingly active. - h The milk room at the dairy bare is being remodeled so aa to incraaa* the facilities for ’handling milk. '

THE SECRET OF CRISPNESS

Bome Suggestions About Cooking Doughnuts and Crullers—Temperature Is Important. ■ - Doughnute ■ and cnrilere,- being heavy and solid, compared with croquettes or other small fried foods, must be cooked in fat, which Is at a lower The best test is to put a small piece of the dough In the pan and cook it. If it sinks to the bottom and quickly reappears, increased in bulk, the fat Is at the right temperature. Do not attempt to cook too many crullers a one time, as they cool tbe fat, and consequently absorb the grease. Four or five are the most that should be attempted at once. After draining, shake them In a paper bag with a little sugar. After frying any dough mixture, the fat will appear cloudy from the flour that has fallen into it, but If one or two raw potatoes are then cooked in the fat this cloudiness will disappear. All frying Tat should be strained through a fine sieve or cheesecloth before using, to remove any foreign particles that have fallen Into it from the food. If not removed these will burn and cover the next article cooked with black specks.—Delineator.

SAVING ON THE DESSERTS

How One Busy Housewife Bolved Problem and Saved Time to Devote to Children. ’ During my first five years of housekeeping I was able to manage very well, doing all; the cooking and most of my housework. When our second baby came, however, I found I would have to economize somewhere, as I had neither the time nor strength to do everything as before, nor could I afford to hire extra help. After thinking the matter over carefully, it seemed to me that my simplest plan would be To dispense with the fancy desserts on which I had always prided myself, and which had become a regular part of our dally menu. By substituting raw or cooked fruit, a quickly prepared gelatine and sometimes merely a dainty piece of cake with tea, I saved considerably time In the kitchen and spent it, Instead, in tbe open air with the children. This was a decided gain to the three of us, and my husband and I were none the worse for the simpler dessert at the end of,our dinner. —H. M., in Harper’s Bqzar.

HOW TO ROAST CALF'S LIVER

New Way of Cookidg That Provides Delightful Change That Will Repay Housewife, Soak the liver In salt and water an hour to draw out the blood. Wipe perfectly dry and stuff with a force meat, made of bread crumbs, two slices of fat salt pork, chopped Bmall, a shallot, pepper, salt and nutmeg; sweet marjoram and thyme, and if you choose, a little sage; moisten this with butter melted In a very little hot water and two raw eggs well beaten. In order to get this into tbe liver make an incision with a narrow sharp knife, and without enlarging the aperture where the blade entered, move the point dexterously to and fro, to enlarge the cavity inside. Stuff this full of the force meat, sew or skewer up the outer orifice; lard with strips of salt pork and roast for an hour, basting twice with butter and water, afterward with the gravy In the dripping pan. Pour the gravy over the liver when done.

Two-Spot Eradicating Items.

Candle grease and sealing wax are two bothersome items when splotches of them accidentally fall on cloths or clothing. Candle grease comes out by light scraping with an old knife, which has bfien subjected to tbe heat of the oven, and the sealing wax will come out by the same manipulation, except that it might leave a whitish spot which will capitulate to a few seductive turpentine spongings.

A Rug Help.

If in cleaning house you Arid your rugs are slightly worn don’t be discouraged. If they are not worn through get a little dye of the desired color and a small brash and go over the worn places as you would paint a floor. While It does not bring back the nap, it gives the appearance that the carpet has never been worn and will carry it through for another season. The treatment is inexpensive.

A Novel Salad.

A delicious and dainty salad —good at all times —is made by laying a slice of canned Hawaiian pineapple on a lettuce leaf. Heat a knife and spread cream or neufchatelle cheese over the pineapple; arrange pointed strips of pimento like the petals of a poinsettia over the cheese; heap mayonnaise In the center and pat a staffed olived on top.

Jelly Cake.

Two cups of powdered sugar, oriebalf cup of butter, three eggs, one cup milk, three cups flour, two teaspoons cream of tartar, one.teaspoon, soda. Bake in shallow tins and when cold piri jelly between.

Tea Cake.

One quart of flour, one cup of sour milk, one teaspoon soda, , one-half pound lard, one-half pound chopped raisins or currants; roll two Inches thick and bake In a quick oven. Split >pea. butter and eat while hot ■ < " ■>

The Christian's Obligation

By Edward A. Marshall,

structor of Minions, Moody Bible Institute, Chicago

making, all of which silently but surely test the solidity of the heart’s consecration. You may ar'% "After all, why should this question trouble me, I have no call?” Have you forgotten that when you accepted Christ this was, Included among the items for your consideration? You have passed it by. If; in the cffurch where you are a member ,a notice was read from the pulpit inviting every member to attend a social, the following evening, would you be foolish enough to afterward insist that yon had received no Invitation and refuse to attend? Tbe opposite would be the rule, for any candidate for. membership, expecting to unite soon, would expect such a purpose sufficient ground to entitle him to be present Thus your church membership and mine involves our responce to the call of the Great Commission. The plan of God for appointing and directing the work of his children Is a most natural one. When a person is converted, God would have him come to the bureau of divine commissions and there receive his appointment for service, one can rightfully excuse himself, for when he accept* the benefits of the salvation of Christ he thereby obligates himself to obedience in the service of'Christ God could not have a book on earth containing all the names of Christiana throughout the age and giving the life work of each; for our free agency would then be lost. God chose tbe better plan: to have each child come to him in prayer and talk bis life work over. Do not ask, and' rda away, but tarry until your conviction, has become settled, for It is this Divine conviction' which constitutes God’s call. Many have committed spiritual suicide by hastening away with some Impulsive conclusion before God had a chance to speak. Such people have often wondered why they make shipwreck in their faith Jife or why spiritual things seem closed to them. It is no mystery. Divine teaching and guidance are given only to those who follow closely the instruction of the Teacher in God’s school of learning. Deception and delusion always follow self-will In gaining spiritual things. Every Christian should therefore definitely present himself before God for the assignment to his life work Have yon? Public sentiment, however, seems to have laid this responsibility only upon those who go as missionaries. Dare you say that it is not realty necessary for every Christian to obtain from God a conviction aa to what be should do with his life. The logician will at once take the words from yonr lips and declare it is then not necessary for any Christian. Wisdom, like water, floats everything on a level surface. Bring these false theories concerning missionary work before your better judgment, and ecclesiastical distinctions and privileged classes will sing to the bottom, leaving all Christians on an even footing, and each responsible before God for hfs share of the eyangelizatibn of the world. Public sentiment has poisoned the atmosphere with so mricb anti-mission-ary sentiment that many children have grown up with no little prejudice against becoming missionaries/When a person does go frqm a eommmunity these children see so many tears and hear so many words of regret they feel that going ta be a missionary is a misfortune. This adds very materially to the difficulty God encounters in human wills in trying to secure obedience in enough of his children to evangelize the world in this generation. All this prejudice and bitterness must be worked put of the mind, and A transformation wrought, before sympathy and love for the. heathen will be a conviction of personal obligation can be possi- : Crushing such a'conviction of personal responsibility to take the Gospel to the heathen* is a spiritual crime. It affects every spiritual nerve just as girdltqg tree, affects every branch and leaf. The one who disobeys his eall ta the foreign field finds himself strangely paralyzed Is his work here at home, esgaeially in his pleas for foreign missions. The question of today Is not, “Will you be a mlߣionarjt|| but will; yon present yourself before God for apLThtT work?. 8 yOU !- *

hr

Who is there among the Christian young people of today who has never asked himself the question: “Should I be a missionary?" especially during spiritual awakening; when devotion to Christ was being emphasized. Such ft questioning of conscience is usually followed by an inner conflict of reasoning and excuse