Evening Republican, Volume 15, Number 82, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 6 April 1911 — Page 2

Winter Months on the farm

How to Improve Them

Over $100,000,000 is expended annually In the United States for farm machinery. The average American fanner exhibits progressiveness in his adoption to and ready purchase of improved machinery, hut woefully falls "by the wayside in his care of this same machinery. A short trip Into even the best fanning districts will show barnyards dotted with valuable machines which have absolutely no protection from storms and weathering. The fanner houses his stock, cribs his corn, fills his silo and granaries and protects these from the elements, but shortsightedly leaves his grain binder, cultivator, plow, drill and the rest of his machinery exposed to all kinds of weather. Exposure Worse Than Wear. If those same farmers will stop to consider that by their own shiftlessness, they are shortening the life of this machinery from 60 to 80 per cent., the need of better methods will be self-evident To a certain extent they are aiding in the ultimate wreckage of their machinery just as though they gradually smashed it to pieces with * sledge hammer. There is no need to ask for the solution of this question, it is so simple. Some S2OO or " ,S3OO expended in a. machine shed jwould pay for itself in two years due ito. the prevention of a depreciation in |value of the machines through exposjure. Practical experience has shown ' {that while machinery without shelter Oasts only live years, that the same machines well housed and protected re{main In good servicable condition for lover 12 years. A machine shed returns at least 80 per cent on the original Investment It Increases the life of the machinery from 60 to 100 per cent Furthermore, the Improved appearance of the barnyard argues in favor of the storage of machinery. The prospective buyer or real estate agent always notes unstored machinery scattered about the yard and accordingly values the farm at a lower price, due to its unfavorable external appe&ranoe. Farm Tool Bhod.' An excellent machine shed, with a farm shop in one end readily accessible for repairs, should be about 24 by 60 feet The shed should be provided with sufficient sliding doors so that the various Implements can be taken out and returned with greater saving of time and labor. 'The building should face the south so that the _ doors will not be exposed to beating, driving storms from the north or to the accumulation of snow and ice. Such a shed and shop provided with a concrete foundation would cost approximately $360. Considering the prolonged life and value of the machinery, due to storage the cost of the building would average about S2O a year. The farmer, well provided with a suitable shop and. machine shed, can employ his spare time very efficiently during the winter in repairing and caring for his machinery. One Ironclad rule should be rigidly

enforced on the farm, and that is that every implement or machine should be returned to Its place id the machine shed immediately after it has been used. Then one knows the location of the machine and its condition, when it is again required for use. It takes but little extra time to return tools to the shed when the team is hitched to them in the field. Cleaning and Oiling Machines. All the macnines should be overhauled and thoroughly cleaned before storing them for the winter. Broken parts should be ordered and repairs ordered so as to allow plenty of time for their shipment. All bolts should be tightened up, bearings saturated with lubricating oil, and wearing surfaces should be coated with a good quality of hard oil to prevent rusting. The binder attachment of the grain binder and the mower mechanism should be taken apart and thoroughly cleaned. All the old gummy Oil should be removed; some of the more delicate parts of the machine should be cleaned in kerosene. There are examples of grain binders well eared for and intelligently used which have been worked 80 years. * The cultivator plows, common plow Shares, and barrow teeth should be sharpened during the period of slack work in the winter. New hay rake teeth, sickle sections, and other broken or ready to break parts should ba replaced wherever necessary. The saanure spreader Is usually in use dor-

Winter Care of Machinery How to Store Firm Implements to Prevent Rust sad Rot aad to Get Greatest Service

By PROF. C. A. OCOCK

fTfceemta Colltf of jtgrkultum

Copyrisht. ibis, to Western Newspaper Union

Practical farm machine shed.

ing the winter months and should be carefully looked after. The spreader should be cleaned out after being used, or some Of the soft manure will freeze in the box drum and a breakdown may result. An occasional coat of paint Is another great preservative which considerably lengthens the serviceable use of the farm machines. A small stove can be installed in the workshop during cold weather and the various implements can be painted In the shopyvith good results. Special attention should be paid to the same and storage of farm steam engines during cold weather. No oil or grease Bhould be left in the cups to congeal or harden. Resting in the stuffing boxes should be prevented by cleaning out and replacing the old packing. On large engines the scale should be removed from the interior of the boiler while the exterior should receive a coat of asphalt paint. During the cold months never leave water overnight In boiler or water jacket of the engine, or It will freeze and probably burst these parts. Winter Care of Gasoline Engine. The Inexperienced operator meets with many difficulties in handling gasoline engines during severe winter weather. The first essential of the gasoline equipment, year in and year out, is a good, strong, concrete foundation. Where use of concrete is impossible, the engine should be securely bolted to heavy timbers fastened to the floor. They should be of sufficient'size to absorb all violent vibration. A secure foundation Increases the floor bearing of the engine and secures greater rigidity. The engine should never be run faster than its specified speed, as otherwise the operator Is merely wasting the power of the machine without obtaining the most efficient results. Care should also be exercised in belting the engine to a piece of machinery to use the correct size pulleys, so otherwise energy which the engine generates will be wasted. In starting a new engine the valves are sometimes gummed to such an extent that they will not entirely close. This reduces the amount of the compression of the engine. In other instances the valves stick so that the compression is wholly lost. The remedy Is to squirt a little gasoline or kerosene on the valve stems and clean off the sticky oil. Compression is also lost due to a lack of lubricating oil on the piston and cylinder walls. To correct this difficulty the operator should turn the flywheel over until the piston is drawn out of the cylinder and then cover the projecting portion with a liberal coating of lubricating oil. The oil will act as a seal. In general the operator should use judgment and common sense as regards the amount of work an engine should do. One cannot abuse a gas engine without disastrous results. Good lubricating oil should be used in the engine, and care should be observed to see that the oil cups are kept free and

that the oil Is not restricted In its passage from the cup to the cylinder. Another great difficulty Is the starting of engines during cold weather. Water-cooled engines can be more easily started by closing the drain In the bottom of the cooling Jacket and pouring in about two palls of warm water. The last pall of water should be very warm but not to the boiling point, as radically sudden expansion might result In cracking the cylinder. The increased warmth of the cylinder will result in a quick ignition of the charge. Another simple plan used In case of either air or water-cooled engines is to open the intake or exhaust valve and then inject a small amount of gasoline into the cylinder. Allow the engine to stand for a few minutes so that the gasoline may evaporate, then crank it and It will usually start on the first trial.

Strangles in Horses.

An epidemic of strangles is always a source of alarm to horse owners, as this disease is most insidious in its attack and usually leaves its victims tn such a debilitated condition that they are Incapacitated for work for veeks.

Hothouse Hogs.

The hothouse hog schemes hatched by experienced city fanners lately are more likely to bring them valuable experience than great riehee.

BEAUTIFUL HOME OF MR. AND MRS. GEORGE GOULD

NEW YORK. —Having lost his hold on some of the railroads comprised in the so-called Gould System, George Gould soon will withdraw largely from financial operations and, with Mrs. Gould, will retire to Georgian Court, his beautiful home at Lakewood, N. J.

GIRLS CARVE CATS

Wellesley Has Nothing on Students at Cleveland College. Heart of Fluffy Little Pet May Turn Up in Bottle of Alcohol in Fair Maid’s Collection—No Qualms of Conscience. ' ' Cleveland, O.—Wellesley college at Wellesley, Mass., where the man-of-all-work about the college has been arrested for stealing cats for college girls to dissect, has nothing on our own Women’s College at Western Reserve—except the distinction oi having one of its attaches arrested, says a writer in the Leader. Wellbsley’s girls, who cut up cats, would be backed off the boards —if we may use that expression in this scientific discourse —if they were to see the stunts that our “dear girls’* at the Women’s college make a part of their daily routine. The Cleveland college girls stop not at the dissection of mere felines. They cut up with great glee cats and dogs, pigs and frogs. Nor do they stop there. They have no conscience qualms about the methods of getting material. Mysterious disappearances of fuzzy dogs and feline diims are common in the East end. Friends of the college girls should be wary when asked by them: “Would you like to see my collect tlon?” One would expect to see postcards or pressed flowers or pennants or some feminine thing like that. But don’t say “yes” too soon. The girl may bring forth the heart of a frog In alcohol and tell you how it was still beating when she took it out in the laboratory. She may take pleasure in showing you the heart of a pig, the special feature of her exhibit. Random pieces of animals of all sorts may be spread out for your inspection. > > v of the girls are preparing such collections to show “the folks” at the Blaster vacation. It seems as if many romances may be spoiled, for can Elsie’s small hands look quite the same again after you know how cleverly she slices up animals with them? Does the fact that she knows how to dissect dogs’ and rabbits’ spinal cords make her quite as desirable for a wife as if she had spent those hours reading history—or hemming up the window curtains for her room? The zoology courses are not cornducted in the Women’B college, proper, so the girls must go to the Adelbert laboratories for them. Those who elect "zoo” —college for zoology—delight in telling all the details of their experiments to their shuddering classmates whom they dub “squeamish.” And they show a great interest in getting “material.” A nice little doggie wanders down Euclid avenue trustfully looking for b*fe master and mysteriously he disappears. He never gets under any one’s feet again, never again chases automobiles, snapping at the whirling tires, never barks—the girls at the College for. Women are finding out just how that bark was made and how the muscles cling around the bone in those legs that made him run so fast. Cats were scarce this past year, so the girls couldn’t get any of those to cut up. Rabbits, dogs and small pigs made fair substitutes, however. The conversation of these girls can hardly be understood by one who doesn’t know. They mutter about strange things that are parts of some animal or other, when they are at their meals and ought to be thinking of salads. “I made one clean little Incision %

this way,” one explains to another, drawing a diagram on the tablecloth with her knife, "and then you see I had only to reach in for the heart —” They are thoroughly Interested — but are they as interesting? More girls each year are taking the course. In some colleges the scientific fever has gone so far that vivisection is employed, but this should be done only in research work, one of the professors at the Western Reserve university believes, so perhaps Cleveland will be spared having its girls learn to kill things by torture.

USE OF WHOLE WHEAT FLOUR

Physician Declares That at Least 80 Per Cent, of Grain Should Be Used for Bread. London. —“It is most important,” said a well known physician, “that the public should realize that the color of our standard bread may vary from th every palest cream color to a rich warm brown. We urge that" at least 80 per cent of the whole wheat be retained in the flour. Bread containing from 80 per cent, to 85 per cent of the whole grain (including, of course, the germ and the semolina) makes the ideal household bread. “The color of such a loaf depends on whether white or red wheat is used and also on the fineness of the flour. Bread made from the same wheat, but coarser ground and containing not 80 per cent but 100 per cent of the wheat, will, of course, be much darker in color. Absolute whole meal bread, that is 100 per cent bread, while containing even more nourishment than our 80 per cent, loaf, might have too irritating an effect on the digetive tract to allow its complete digestion. Hence children might not de-

YOUNG MAN IS “HEN MINDED”

Pastor Says Wealthy Members of Fair Bex Refuse to Exchange Riches or Barter for Titles. Chicago.—The American young men, and not the young women of today, are the ones who are becoming “hen minded,” declared the Rev.~ Percival H. Barker, pastor of the Maywood Congregational church, in an address before the Hull House Woman’s club. Dr. Barker placed the average American woman of wealth upon a high plane, picturing her as a woman of ambition and intellectual attainments. He said the women who were a peril to the American home were those who have a champagne tastg with only a beer income. The minister took Issue with Prof. McLaughlin of the University of Chicago, who in a recent magazine article, condemned women of wealth for indolence, and lack of ambition. “The ordinary woman ot jwealth refuses to exchange her wealth or barter her name for empty titles. She would rather live with a plain ordinary American with no title except his manhood; no castle except his character, and no wealth except a strong right arm and a true heart; would rather dwell with such a man in a shack over which waved the stars and stripes than live with any prince, count or no account in some lordly castle filled with dusty portraits of a defunct ancestry. “Lincoln pleaded with women to uphold the. home, the school, the church and the political meeting. He saw that woman had ft. high mission in life to serve. Lincoln gave his mother great credit when be was praised for his goodness and his attainments. “We have few women who are *hen minded,’ and 'we can see a greater

rive as mqch benefit from it as from our ‘standard loaf.’” The all Important value of the.germ and the semolina lies In their richness of nitrogen, 4at and gluten. The germ, which is the embryo of the ney wheat, while forming only about three per cent, of the total grain, contains most important nutritive elements. Semolina Is the name given to the grain at a certain stage in the milling. Modern milling, according to the secretary of the Bread and Food Reform league, obtains about 50 per cent, of semolina bearing valuable nitrogen, ash and fat concentrates. The semolina Is to varying extent! removed from ordinary household flour.

OHIO WILL INHERIT CLOCK

State to Come Into Possession of Famous Time-Piece When the Last Heir Dies. New York. —The will of Rear Admiral David B. Macomb, U. S. N., former commandant of the Brooklyn navy yard, filed the other day, makes provision for many pf the famous Macomb family relics, among them the original family deed of Grosse isle In the Detroit river. Admiral Macomb died on January 27. To one of his daughters, Mrs. Margaret A. Bell, to whom he presented the original deed In Grosse isle, which is to be presented to the Michigan Historical* society at the time of her death, he also willed a family clock designated as the Worthington clock. The clock was bequeathed as follows: "Never to be sold or bequeathed except to a lineal descendant of Thomas Worthington, and in case there should be none of such issue or descendants of the name of Worthington to buy or inherit it, the Worthington clock shall revert to or be given to the Historical society of Chillicothe, 0., or to the state of Ohio for safe keeping.”

peril in the lack of intellectuality among our young men. It is truest to say of many young men of today that they are ‘hen minded’ and are ‘slaves of pleasure.’ “Unless men awaken the latent powers within them we will rapidly come to an age devoid of heroism and power among men.”

HEN’S DAINTY BILL OF FARE

Eastern. Farmer Feeds Prize Biddy Steak and Onions, Clams, Baked Apples and Tea. Winsted, Conn. —“What do you feed the hen that lays four eggs a day?” N. J. Welton of Oxford" was asked. He jeplied without a moment’s hesitation: “Boston brown bread with round steak and onions for breakfast; corn bread and long clams on toast for dinner; bread and butter, baked apple, cold roast beef for supper; crackers and weak tea with malted milk for midnight lunch. “I found the hen on the nest very early one morning,” said Welton. “I began feeding her differently and soon found her on the nest at dark, and to treat her nicely I placed a good light that shone on her nest and also an her perch. “About 11 p. m. I went to see how she was getting along, wlgut she hopped from her nest and left an egg. After walking around a little she took her perch for the rest of the night At ten o’clock next morning she laid another egg. “Now, both of these were laid within IS hours and were both double yolk, equivalent to four eggs within the 13 hours.”

SCIENCE OF “WOOING”

COURTSHIP MOBT INTERESTING! STUDY IN LIFE’S BTORY. i Love Signals Tooted" en Locomotive* Whistle Cause Much Commotion f In New Jersey Town —How Boston Gallant Won. i The science of wooing has always: been the queerest study of mankind! end courtship has always been thei most Interesting subject of consider-! ation in the curriculum of life. Several months ago the Improve--ment association of Edgewater Park,. N. J., bitterly complained against the whistle shrieks of passing locomotives. It was figured out that at least 800 toots a day were the total for regular trains yhich passed through the town. Men stationed near the line bythe association discovered that one train which passed three times a day was the principal offender. The attention of the watchers was first attracted to this train when, on slackening speed near a house at the east end of town, the locomotive whistle indulged; in-a wild and variable program of shrieks that seemed to have no partic ; ular railws£ significance. Subsequent investigation brought to light the interesting fact that the engineer’s sweetheart lived in the house near the line and that some such love signal schedule as this had been arranged between the girl andrher wooer: Two short blasts, "I am coming;” three short blasts, "Throw me a kiss;” one long blast, "A kiBS from me;" two long blasts, "I love you.” When the young woman appeared at the window and waved to her lover the latter would answer with a series, of whistle toots which would have put a circus band to shame. Not long ago there was printed in the newspapers a story of the way in which a Boston gallant had won the hand of his stenographer. Although it was evident to the wooer that the young woman did not regard him entirely without favor, he found it extremely difficult to get her to listen to his plea. The girl refused to lunch, bup or to go to the theater with her admirer. Finding every avenue of approach blocked, the determined courter, who possessed some literary faculty, wrote a short love story, in which the girl and he were the leading figures. This story he sent to the stenographer every morning for a month and ordered her to typewrite it for him. She dared not refuse to do as her employer com-, manded and, realizing through the story that he would never give up until she married him, she finally acquiesced. Analogous to the persistency of this wooer was that of a man in Detroit who won a Cleveland bride through the conveniently relentless postofflee. Every day for eight months he sent the girl he loved a postcard with a single capital letter written thereon. At the end of each eight days the seles of cards spelled, “I love you.” A prize for unconventionality in courtship should certainly be awarded to the Baltimore street-car conductor 'who wooed and won a housemaid who worked in one of the residences along the line on which he was assigned to duty. The maid knew the approximate timee when her lover’s car would pass the house, and juggled her household tasks in such a manner that she would be at one of the front windows at the right time. Every time the car neared the house the conductor would signal the friendly motorman to stop, although the stop was in the middle of the block. After he had thrown a kiss to the maid and had received one in j return, he would ring tlje bell and the car would proceed.

Foggy.

Bradley Martin Jr. was congratulated in New York on the successful issue of his recent trouble with the customs officers. “There was a great difference of! opinion as to whether or not Jj should be compelled to pay duty onj my goods,” said Mr. Martin. "Some; of the reasons against my claim for, free entrance were as vague and unsatisfactory as the city clerk’s explanation of a sailing boat. I, however,- could iidt accept this vague reasoning, as did the clerk’s fiancee. " ‘Why do those Wats,’ the young lady asked, ‘sail from one side of the river to the other, Instead of going straight down?’ '“Well, you see,’ said the clerk, 'it’s like this. When the wind blowß crooked like, they have to go crook-, ed, so as to go straight along ’ ‘“How plain you do make it,' exclaimed the young girl. *1 never thought of that before.' ”

All Is Not Gold That Glitters.

At the coronation pageant when George is crowned King George V of England, there is to be something entirely different from anything th»f has ever happened before. Instead of real armor the armor that ts to be worn will be made of “paper! metal." There will be exact copies of! all the old sets of armor used and the! piper metal will be so fixed that the armor made from It will give the appearance of the original. And it is said that in the future the “metal” will be used for almost all outdoor decorations, because It Is much cheaper than plaster parts and water proof. It can be made to represent all thsj different metals and is so strong that) one can Jump on It without mejrtng any impression on It.