Evening Republican, Volume 14, Number 289, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 6 December 1910 — Page 2

COUNTING NOSED in the UNITED STATES

J % LD DR. U. S. CENSUS, who has just completed Jr La I the thirteenth diagnosis / BAI ¥ of the condition of Uncle " I Sain luld 1113 l, eI 1 gan it in 1790 and has MMf been repeating it every ten years since. Uncle <| BW B gam has footed the bills, to date amounting to about $47,000,000. Our venerable dad has calculated that the thirteenth investigation will cost about $13,000,000; $60,000,000 has been spent for this purpose since 1790. The twelfth census cost about $13,000,000, and as Uncle Sam’s landed possessions have Increased since then and his family gained about 15,000,000 more members than belonged to it In 1900, It would be considered no more than 1 fair if the present diagnosis were to ' call for the spending of about $19,000,000, which would be the <um if the rate of Increase of expense at each census up to the twelfth were to be maintained for the thirteenth. — : " A census expert has estimated that of the thirteen millions, the headquarters office force will earn $4,000,000, the enumerators $4,600,000, the supervisors $910,000, and the special agents $700,000. The administrative cost will be $300,000, the stationery $200,000, rent $125,000, tabulating machines $250,000, cards for tabulation processes, SIOO,OOO, printing SBOO,OOO, Alaska $85,000, Porto Rloo $160,000. Jotal, sl2,-

•50,000. If that is all the expense. It is” cheap. The late Gen. Francis A. Walker, who was a census authority greater than ®ny other, living or dead, once wrote that "the people of the United States can well afford to pay for the very best census they can get.” He penned this remark tn connection with a frank confession of bls own shortsightedness In underestimating the cost of the tenth census. ft’s the old story: When you are ill get the best doctor you can afford. The comparative cheapness with which the thirteenth census has been taken was

largely due to Director E. Dana Durand’s economical methods, to the introduction of semi-au-tomatic electrical card-punching, tabulating and sorting machines, and to the inheritance of wisdom from the experience gained by the permanent census bureau. During the term of the latter the methods of inquiry, tabulation and compilation have been greatly Improved, both tn accuracy and in economy. Millions will be saved. Mr. Durand is responsible for many of the new methods to increase statistical accuracy at every step of the census taking and to decrease the per capita cost of the enumeration. The card-punching, tabulating, and sorting machinery is the invention of a census mechanical expert and the patent rights belong to Uncle Sam. The machines are novel in plan and design, are of greater speed and efficiency than those they superseded, and can be built and operated at a large saving of money as compared with previous expenditures for this purpose. Other money-saving features are the elimination of the vital-statistics inquiry from the work of the decennial census, as it belongs to the permanent branch of the United States census; the reduction in the number of schedules, the piece-price .method of paying for machine work, the omission of the hand, household and neighborhood industries from the manufactures branch of the census, and the reduction of the size and number of copies of the Anal report. Congress limited the thirteenth census to four general subjects—population, agriculture, manufactures, and mines and quarries. The director is authorised to determine the form and subdivision of inquiries. The inquiry as to population relates to the date April 15, 1910; that as to agriculture concerns the farm operations during 1909 and calls for an Inventory of farm equipment April 15, 1910; that relative to manufactures and quarries is for 1909. The enumeration carried only the population and agriculture schedules April 15, 1910. Special agents were sent out with the sched ales for the manufactures, mines and quarries data. There were fully 65,000 enumerators, of whom about 45,000 carried both the population and agriculture schedules, as it is estimated that there are now fully 7,000,000 separate farms in America, with farmers numbering well up into a score of millions. In 1910 there were many more billions of dollars of fixed capital invested in agriculture than there were tn manufactures, strange as it may seem. And the farmer Is getting better off all the time;

his mortgage indebtedness is decreasing fast; his taxation is small as compared with the urbanite’s burden, and he has taken to automobile riding on a large scale. Census taking every ten years is a tremendous task. It is the greatest single operation undertaken by Uncle Sam, with the exception of the Panama canal work and the assembling of an army in time of war. The American census is the largest, costliest and most accurate of any taken by the civilized nations. Its methods are the most modern and its equipment the most complete. The census bureau force comprises, first, Director E. Dana Durand

Masterpiece of Glass Work

In the British museum, in London, on exhibition, is ,the Portland vase, the masterpiece of ancient glasswork. A chance discovery led to the rescue of this magnificent urn from the grave, where it had lain for hundreds of years, hidden and unknown. The vase was found early In the seventeenth century by some laborers, who, digging on a hillock tn the neighborhood of Rome, broke into a small vault On further examination it revealed a suite of three sepulchral chambers. In the largest room they found a finely sculptured sarcophagus, which contained the beautiful vase. It was full of ashes, but it bore no inscription as to the remains it held, nor has the mystery ever been solved which shrouds its origin. The vase was deposited in the Barberlnl palace, where it remained until 1770, when the representative of the Barberlnl family, a Roman princess, was forced to part with it to pay her gambling debts. The vase changed hands twice, then it was disposed of to the duchess of Portland, but with such secrecy that her own family was not aware of the transaction until after, her death. At the sale of the duchess of Portland’s collection it was purchased by her son, the third duke of Portland, for the sum of |5,145, and It was deposited in the museum by his successor. The vase was wantonly smashed In pieces by a drunken visitor, but the fragments were, however, Joined together, but the bottom, with its mysterious figure in Phrygian cap, was not replaced. The material of this vase was long almost

is the appointment Clerk; George Johnnes is the disbursing officer, and C. W. Spicer is the mechanical expert. In addition to these are the chiefs of the divisions under .the chief statistician. There are about 750 permanent clerks and 3,000 temporary clerks, etc. The supervisors numbered 330 and they employed and directed the 65,000 enumerators. About 1,000 chief special agents and assistant special agents. The supervisors also employed 1,000 clerks, 500 special agents and 4,000 interpreters to assist them in the direction of the enumerators. The data relating to population la trans-

as great a puzzle as the story It illustrates. Breval refers to it as “the famous vase of chaledony;” Misson calls it an agate; Bartoll a sardonyx; while Caylus and others correctly decided that it was made of glass. The blue body was first formed, and while still red hot, coated over as far as the bas reliefs were intended to reach with semiopaque white glass, the delicate figure being afterwards cut down to the blue ground in the same manner as with real cameos.

“No Openings Nowheres”

She Is fortunate In having girl chums who draw roses from their friends now and then. The other afternoon one of her rosy friends pinned a bright red one on her and she sallied forth into the street to make other women envious. She had not gone far when she felt a tug at the shoulder and turned to see a strange woman. “Where’d you git that rose?" asked the stranger covetously. "A friend of mine gave it to me,” was the answer, produced with some chill. “▲ friend of yours? In a store?" “No, not in a store." “Well, hain’t there no openings nowheresF’ “Not that I know of.” “Humph! Just my luek. I’m just craxy for a rose, and when I saw you I just knowed there was a fall opening somewhere."

of Michigan, who,, although only thirty-eight years old, is older than most of the generals commanding the forces in the Civil war, and who Is, too, a statistically scarred hero, a veteran In government service, and likely to prove the most practical and efficient director connected with any of the past censuses. Then there is the assistant director, William H. Willoughby, of Washington, D. C., former secretary of state of Porto Rico. Next in rank are the five chief statisticians: William C. Hunt, in charge of the population division; Le Grand Powers, heading the agricultural division; William M. Stuart, overseeing the manufacturing division; Dr. Cressy L. Wilbur, the vital statistics work, and Dr. Joseph Adna Hill, the division of revision and results. Charles S. Sloane is the geographer; Albertus H. Baldwin is the chief clerk; Voler V. is chief of the publication division; Hugh M. Brown is private secretary to the director; Robert M. Pindell,

ferred to manila cards, by the punching of holes in them to correspond with the different items in the schedules. An- electrical machine controlled by a clerk can punch holes in 3,000 cards a day. Three hundred of these were used and 90,000,000 cards were ordered. After the punching the cards are hand-fed into an electric tabulating machine with a pin-box ’ attachment which permits the required pins to pass through the variously placed holes in the cards, in this establishing an electric circuit resulting in the tabulation of the items’on counters which register their results in printing on spooled paper somewhat like a stock ’ ticker.” There are 100 of these machines. After certain comparisons to prove accuracy, the schedules are permanently preserved in a great iron safe in the census bureau. As the card does not contain the name of the-.persons for whom It stands, all personal Identity is eliminated from the cards. All danger of misuse of such information disappears. Severe penalties are provided in case any employee discloses census Information to outsiders. The next step Is the making of the maps and tables to accompany the analyses, and then, finally, the issue of the printed bulletins and reports. Before July 1, 1912, the work must be over and the thirteenth census gone to join its scientific ancestors.

Romance of Old Portugal

The recent deposition of King Manuel of Portugal and the events in the young king’s life that led up to it will no doubt bring back to the minds of some of the older residents of the city the story of Ellse Hensler, the Springfield girl who married a king and became the Countess Edla. The king she married was Don Ferdinand 11. of Portugal, a great grandfather of King Manuel. Ellse lived in Springfield' about 60 years ago, probably for about four years. The Henslers were humble people and lived simply. The daughters, Ellse and Louise, were well received here and were given a good musical education, especially Ellse, whc had quite a remarkable voice. Signor Guidi, an Italian, at the time a “well known teacher of the voice, took an interest in EUse and it was when Signor Guidi went to Boston that the Henslers went there, largely through his influence. He believed that Elise had a future as a singer and wished her to be where he could continue teaching her. Ellse Hensler after her removal with her family to Boston continued her studies. She was perseverant in her work and progressed so well that she not only appeared in concerts in the large cities in this country, but also in Europe, where she sang before royalty. It wav' while singing in Lisbon several years after the death of Queen Maria that King Ferdinand heard her voice and felt the attraction that led him to marry her. Ferdinand was the titular king of Portugal, having been the second husband of Queen Marla 11. of Portugal. Ferdinand married Marla in 1836, when he was 20. The queen died in 1853, and he was regent during the minority of his son, Pedro V., who was-the far ther of the assassinated King Carlos, the grandfather of the deposed King Manuel The regency ended in 1855, and - on June 10, 1869 he married Miss Hensler. When the European powers decided the time had come to restore Spain to a monarchy following the overthrow of the short which existed from 1873 to 1875, considerable' pressure was brought to bear upon Ferdinand to Induce him to accept the vacant throne. But his wife could never be queen of Spain, and it is possible that this fact alone induced him to refuse. This absolute refusal on his part to accept the throne of Spain, with all the pomp and splendor of royalty in exchange for the romantic life that he was living with his morganatic wife, had far-reaching consequences. The com plleations and Jealousies resultant an the attempt to find a king acceptable to all the powers helped to bring on the Franco-Prussian war, and Alsace and Lorraine went hark to Germany, whence they had been wrested by Napoleon Bonaparte. In consequence of these peculiar historical facts, which geographically practically changed all western Europe,. Ellse Henslei-. Counter Edla, became famous throughout the world as "the woman who changed the map of Europe " During the life of the king they lived In ths .beautiful castle of Clntra. It is certain that their life was above reproach. In 1885 the king died, and after that the countess lived in retirement in a cottage near the castle. .

The ONLOOKER

by WILBUR D. NESBIT

VIOLENCE

When the frost Is on the —(Reader, do not load that rusty gun!) And we hear the—(Please be patient till the parody is done, For we’ve tried hard not to write it, but the habit will not break. It is thrumming through our slumbers, 'tls our thought while we’re aWake.) O, you rise and think with shivers that your overcoat’s in hock When the frost is on the punkin and the fodder’s in the shock. When the coal man smiles serenely—(Do not hurl that rock, we pray!) While he tumbles in the binful and marks up what you must pay; When the bills for summer bonnets come to—(Gentle, sir, don’t shoot!) Como to fill your soul and to leave you sitting mute. Oh, it’s fine to see the —(Pleeceman! He is picking up a rock!) When the frost is on the punkin and the . fodder’s in the shock. When you fill your thumb with splinters while you split the kindling wood. And you—(Honest, let us finish and we’ll promise to be good!) When they’re cleaning house, and clutter all the rooms with rags and mop And you taste soap in your dinner—(Just a moment, then we'll stop!) There's a—(Shut the door, ah, stranger, turn the key within the lock.) When the frost is on the punkin and the fodder’s in the shock. When the frost is on the punkin—(lt is needless, quite, to say That we simply cannot help this; every fall we feel this way And there’s nothing known to cure lt4 When the moth is in the furs—(Oh, be joyful! ’Tls soon ended, though each year this thing occurs.) And you sigh while contemplating the approaching Christmas sock When the frost is on the punkin and the fodder’s in the shock. (Stand back and give him air!)

Sturdy Americanism.

“It is disgusting!” sighs the lawyer, dropping his paper after reading the account of a murder trial in Paris. “Such theatric, artificial, sensational appeals to sympathy have no place in the practise of law.” Putting on his hat, he hastens to the courtroom where he is defending a man. Arriving, he glances about and sees the wife, four children, two sisters, three distant cousins and the aged father of the defendant grouped near the Jury. “Where’s your mother?” he whispers to his client. “She couldn’t come,” answers the defendant. “She is so old we were afraid the experience would be bad for her.” “Send for her at once. We can’t afford to lose the effect of her presence during your trial.”

A Promise.

“Say, old man," complains the bridegroom to the- reporter, “your paper didn t print very much about our weddl“*",at all. We really felt slighted." Well, the story was crowded out by some unusually big news," explains the reporter. “Tell you what. We’ll make up for it by giving you folks a whole column tvhen you get your divorce."

Where the Accent Is.

Observing modern matrimony One cannot but reflect 'tie fun’nv With bridge and dress And social stress They want lea « matri and more money.

Improving the Time.

Here s a new lullaby,” Ba ys the composer. ' “When did you write it?” asks the publisher. Last night. The baby had»a howling spell and I couldn’t go to sleep, so I sat up and did thia." Be careful about calling a man an old fogy. In ten or twleve yean the chances are people will say the name thing about you.